JP2003180854A - Evacuation block structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow people to evacuate easily escape from in case of fire and to improve the efficiency of use of a building and a room. <P>SOLUTION: In addition to additional rooms 41 and 42 provided between a passage 40 and stair halls 38 and 39, toilet rooms 34 to 37 adjacent to the stair halls 38 and 39 or a living room 58 can be used also as additional rooms in common. When the additional rooms 41 and 42 are not provided, the toilet rooms 34 to 37 adjacent to the stair halls or the living room 58 can be used also as the additional rooms in common. In addition to the additional room 41 provided between the passage and the stair rooms, toilet rooms 61 and 62 adjacent to this additional from 41 can be used also as additional rooms in common. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a safe method for a person who is difficult to evacuate in the same way as a normal person, such as a person using a wheelchair, when a fire occurs inside a building such as a building. The present invention relates to an evacuation partition structure that allows for evacuation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, for high-rise buildings, an annex is provided in front of the evacuation stairs, and smoke generated during a fire goes out through the corridor, and even if it enters the annex, it is exhausted to the outside. Care is taken not to enter the area, making the evacuation stairs safer. The attached room is defined by the Building Standards Act and is a buffer zone for moving from the room to the evacuation stairs during evacuation, and is a room for blocking fire and smoke from the evacuation stairs. I mean. This vestibule must be provided with windows or smoke vents that can open to the atmosphere. Nowadays, with the aging of society, elderly people and people with disabilities who use wheelchairs have more opportunities to participate in society, and there are more opportunities to stay in the same building as healthy people. When a person with weak legs, such as an elderly person, tries to evacuate in the same way as a healthy person, the walking speed when walking in the annex and on the stairs is significantly different, and the person is evacuated due to a collision with a healthy person. May not be able to operate smoothly. Especially in the event of a fire, the people who evacuate are often in a panic, so in the worst case, people with disabilities, etc. may be pushed by healthy people and fall in the annex or fall or stair in the stairs. There is also a risk of causing an accident such as.
Also, if the attached room is not large enough, people with disabilities may not be able to enter the attached room due to the evacuation flow of healthy people, or even if they can enter the attached room, they cannot stay there. There is also a nature. On the other hand, even for a healthy person, it is difficult for an elderly person or a disabled person using a wheelchair to go down the stairs as it is, which may hinder a healthy person who wants to evacuate quickly. Further, a person with weak legs, such as an elderly person, may have a similar obstacle to the evacuation of a healthy person because the walking speed when walking in the annex and the stairs is significantly different from that of a healthy person. Even in a small building with no attached room, people will move directly from the corridor to the evacuation stairs and evacuate in the event of a fire. If you reach the evacuation stairs, it may hinder the evacuation of healthy people, and if there is an attached room, the situation may arise. It seems that there is not much difference with.

[0003]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an evacuation partition structure having an annex on a floor of a high-rise building. FIG. 1 (A) shows the entire structure of the floor, and FIG. 1 (B) shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the attached room. This floor has eight living rooms 10 to 17 provided in the building, stair rooms 18 and 19 provided at both corners of the building, and an annex provided between the stair rooms 18 and 19 and the corridor 20. 21 and 22. In the figure, the person 23 in the living room 13
However, as shown by a dotted line 24, a case is shown in which the person evacuates to the staircase 18 via the corridor 20 and the annex 21. In this way, when the attached room 21 is provided between the corridor 20 and the staircase 18, as described above, it becomes difficult for persons with disabilities to evacuate to the attached room 21 due to the evacuation of healthy persons. It is difficult for people with disabilities to stay in the annex 21.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the space of the antechamber 21 is widened, and a waiting space 2 exclusively for wheelchairs is provided inside.
Some have 5, 26. The original purpose of the attached room is to prevent fire and smoke, but here, in addition to this, standby spaces 25 and 26 for wheelchairs are additionally provided. However,
Since these waiting spaces 25 and 26 are for emergency use only, the rentable cost (rental area / total floor area) will decrease in the case of a rental office, and the supplementary room area (non-earnings part) in the case of a retail store. If it is increased, the sales floor area (profit portion) will be reduced accordingly. As described above, the space that is not normally used is easily used as a place to temporarily store luggage, products, and the like, and may be unusable in an emergency.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an evacuation partition structure which facilitates evacuation in the event of a fire and improves the efficiency of use of buildings and rooms.

[0006]

An evacuation partition structure according to claim 1 is provided with a plurality of living rooms, a passage connecting the plurality of living rooms, and an escape facility for evacuation in the event of a fire. In the body, the living room adjacent to the escape facility for evacuation among the plurality of living rooms can be used as an auxiliary room. This corresponds to the case where the auxiliary room is not provided adjacent to the evacuation facility for evacuation, and the living room adjacent to the evacuation device for evacuation can also be used as an auxiliary room. This makes it possible to use the attached room during evacuation and to secure a safe space for people with disabilities, such as a wheelchair, as a standby space, so that healthy people can evacuate after evacuation with peace of mind. Therefore, it is possible to facilitate evacuation in the event of a fire. Further, since it is usually used as a living room and used as an annex when a fire occurs, it is possible to improve the use efficiency of the building or room. Here, the living room may be a room having a structure in which a person can exist even when there is no fire, and it can be used for some purpose that is not simply left empty. The purpose of use is optional if it can be used as an annex. However, in general, a fire cannot be predicted, so
As a supplementary living room that is also used as an auxiliary room, there is no combustible material even during normal use, or even if there is only a small amount of combustible material that does not pose a problem during evacuation Is preferred. Furthermore, it is more preferable to use a chamber having a relatively large amount of water and moisture even during normal use. For example, toilet room, dishwashing room mainly made of pottery and precious metals, laundry room, bathroom and indoor pool (including a dressing room depending on the situation of non-combustible equipment), warehouse (however, at least one of the plurality is always empty or There are things that can be evacuated when a fire occurs, such as being in a state close to this). In addition, the auxiliary room is made of non-combustible material for the interior of the room at the time of evacuation, and it is a structure that is unlikely to become a source of fire, so when a fire occurs A room that can be retained and has a structure that leads to evacuation equipment such as evacuation stairs. However, it is natural that it has better flameproofness and smokeproof performance than passages such as corridors and general rooms, and that it has the function and performance to withstand the purpose of evacuation and retention. Evacuation equipment for evacuation, such as outside the building,
It is a facility that allows people to escape and pass in order to evacuate to a safer place. For example, evacuation stairs, evacuation elevators and escalators, evacuation slopes (slides), and the like.

According to a second aspect of the evacuation partition structure, a plurality of living rooms, a passage connecting the plurality of living rooms, an evacuation facility for evacuation in the event of a fire, and the passage and the evacuation facility for evacuation are provided. It is an evacuation partition structure provided with an annex attached to the above, wherein the living room adjacent to the escape escape facility among the plurality of living rooms can also be used as an annex. In addition to an attached room provided between a passageway such as a corridor and the escape escape facility, a living room adjacent to the escape escape facility, such as a toilet room, can also be used as an attached room. As a result, a healthy person can evacuate using the attached room, and other people, such as persons with disabilities, can also evacuate by using the attached room that is also used as a living room as a waiting space such as a wheelchair. Therefore, the disabled person or the like does not hinder the evacuation of the healthy person, and the healthy person does not hinder the evacuation of the disabled person or the like on the contrary, so that it is possible to facilitate the evacuation in the event of a fire.

According to a third aspect of the evacuation partition structure, a plurality of living rooms, a passage connecting the plurality of living rooms, an evacuation facility for evacuation in the event of a fire, and the passage and the evacuation facility for evacuation are provided. It is an evacuation partition structure provided with an annex attached to the above, wherein a room adjacent to the annex among the plurality of rooms can also be used as an annex. In addition to an annex provided between a passage such as a corridor and an escape facility for evacuation, a living room adjacent to the annex, such as a toilet room, can also be used as an annex. This makes the attached room as wide as possible, makes it possible for a disabled person or the like to sufficiently secure a waiting space such as a wheelchair, and facilitates evacuation in the event of a fire.

According to a fourth aspect of the evacuation partition structure, in the first, second or third aspect, the living room which is also used as an annex is a toilet room. This is because a toilet room with a small amount of combustible material is suitable as a living room that is also used as an attached room, and is used. In this case, it is preferable to use the non-combustible material used for the interior of the attached room in each booth of the toilet room.

The evacuation partition structure according to claim 5 is the evacuation partition structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the living room which is also used as an annex has facilities for use by a weak person. This is used by the weak to ensure that the living room that is also used as a supplementary room can secure a safe space for the weak, and that the weak can evacuate after the healthy have been evacuated. The equipment is designed with consideration given to. Here, as equipment for use by vulnerable people, for example, handrails, wheelchair booths, doors having a width through which wheelchairs can pass, barrier-free structures such as floors, etc. ) Encourage use (show)
For example, the installation of a display device, the evacuation area where a healthy person can pass through (e.g., an area divided by partitions, etc.) are applicable. The vulnerable people include persons with disabilities, the elderly, children, babies, and in some cases, attendants, leaders,
A caretaker, a guardian, etc. may be included, and a normal person may be used as a reference or a relative reference. In the case of the relative standard, it refers to a person who is relatively inferior in physical strength or who is inferior in walking and moving ability among all persons who may be present in a building, a floor, or the like. For example, in a gym or the like, a person who is physically inferior to a healthy person may be a weak person. In addition, when targeting people who live in facilities for the disabled or nursing homes, even those who are physically weak compared to normal people and who are weak can walk freely, for example. A person who is a good person may fall into the category of a strong person who is closer to a healthy person than a weak person.

An evacuation partition structure according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the evacuation partition structure according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, which is equipped with equipment for guiding the vulnerable persons mainly to the living room which is also used as an annex. This is because a normal living room is used as an annex when a fire breaks out, so it is only necessary for those who are familiar with it, but there are many people who are not familiar with it. It is intended to clarify that it is mainly targeted at the vulnerable people, and to provide equipment for prompt evacuation guidance. Here, “mainly” may mean “only” the weak, but “preferentially” the weak,
Alternatively, it means that the number of vulnerable persons is “more” or that the vulnerable persons are “consciously” as a target person, and does not mean “eliminating healthy persons by all means”. On the contrary, it does not necessarily guide all the vulnerable people, and if the vulnerable people can evacuate to a normal attached room or evacuation stairs, it does not hinder it.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the evacuation partition structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 3 shows an example of an evacuation partition structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram schematically showing an evacuation partition structure provided with an annex on a floor where a high-rise building is located. FIG. 3A shows the overall structure of the floor, and FIG.
(B) is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the attached room. This floor has four living rooms 30-33 and a toilet room 34-in the building.
37 and staircases 38, 39 at both corners of the building
And stair rooms 38, 39 and ancillary rooms 41, 42 provided between the corridor 40. Toilet room 34,36
Is a men's toilet with two toilet booths, urinals and two washbasins. The toilet rooms 35 and 37 are women's toilets, and are equipped with three toilet booths and two washbasins.

In this embodiment, two auxiliary chambers 41 and 42 are provided.
Therefore, the spaces of the toilet rooms 34 to 37 adjacent to the side of the staircases 38 and 39 are used as annex rooms, respectively. The spaces in the toilet rooms 34 to 37 are used by persons with disabilities and the attached rooms 41 and 42 are used by healthy persons. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, since the toilet rooms 34 to 37 are provided adjacent to the staircase rooms 38 and 39, both of them are also used as auxiliary rooms. In this case, as shown in the figure, the healthy person 43 evacuates to the staircase 38 via the door 71, the attached room 41, and the door 72 as shown by the dotted line 44. on the other hand,
As shown by the dotted line 46, the disabled person 45 once evacuates to the toilet rooms 34 and 35, and when the evacuation of the healthy person 43 is completed, evacuates to the staircase room 38 via the toilet room 34. Since all of the toilet rooms 34 to 37 function as auxiliary rooms, it is possible to stand by there.

Normally, a fire door is not used for the door of the toilet room or the like, but in this embodiment, since it is used as an attached room as shown in FIG. 3, the fire door that opens in the evacuation direction at the entrance door is used. Or if the number of people who use the toilet as an ancillary room is small and people do not stay in front of the door during evacuation, use a self-closing sliding door used for the toilet for the disabled. Sliding doors are preferable because they are convenient for wheelchairs and the like.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the wall portion of each toilet room 34 to 37 may be used as a fireproof compartment, or the area of one of the toilet rooms 34 to 37 is not so large that the toilet room is not so large. You may make it form the fireproof compartment there by putting together 34-37 mutually adjacent things. That is, one fireproof compartment in the toilet room 34, 35,
A single fireproof compartment is formed by the toilet rooms 36 and 37, and each fireproof compartment is provided with a window or smoke exhaust facility that can be opened toward the outside air. By forming the fireproof compartment in this manner, the toilet rooms 34 to 37 can also be used as a safe space for fireproofing or smoke shielding, that is, as a supplementary room.
At this time, the wall surface that separates the adjacent toilet rooms is not usually a fireproof section. In addition, when the toilet rooms 34 to 37 are also used as auxiliary rooms, it is desirable that no combustible material is present as in the case of a normal auxiliary room. Therefore, the toilet booth or the like is made of non-combustible material. That is, since the non-combustible material is used for the interior of the attached room for both the finish and the base, it is advisable to construct the toilet booth using the same material. The door of the opening for moving from the toilet room to the staircase room or from the toilet room to another toilet room is preferably a door that opens in the evacuation direction or a self-closing sliding door.

Next, an evacuation method for the disabled person 45 will be described. When a fire occurs, the disabled person 45 temporarily evacuates to the toilet room 35 through the door 75 as shown by the dotted line 46.
Furthermore, from the toilet room 35 through the door 76, the toilet room 34
You may evacuate to. Although not shown, the door 78 may be evacuated to the toilet room 34. On the other side, shelters in the toilet rooms 36 and 37 are similarly evacuated. Then, when the evacuation of the normal person 43 is completed, the normal person is carried to the staircase 38 through the door 77, for example. Persons with disabilities with weak legs will slowly evacuate using handrails. Further, since the restrooms 34 to 37 are standby spaces, it is necessary to inform the disaster prevention center or the evacuated healthy people of a request to have the healthy people carry their clothes when evacuating. Therefore, it is preferable that the toilet rooms 34 to 37 and the auxiliary rooms 41 and 42 are provided with facilities such as an extension telephone for contacting the disaster prevention center. Further, in order to rescue the vulnerable people who have evacuated and stayed in the toilet room or the like, it is preferable that the door can be opened from the escape escape facility side such as the evacuation stairs.

On the other hand, in front of the attached rooms 41 and 42, an evacuation guide light for evacuating healthy persons is installed, but the toilet room 34
In the case of ~ 37, since it is usually used as a toilet, a guide plate such as an evacuation exit guide light that incorporates a figure that people with disabilities can easily use can be installed in the toilet room 34.
It should be installed at the entrance of ~ 37. Further, the guide plate or the like serving as the evacuation room guiding means may be configured so as to be able to provide guidance not only at the entrance but also near or far from the entrance.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, toilet rooms 34 to 3 are used.
7 Staircase directly from 7 without going through a passage such as a corridor
We explained the routes that can be evacuated to 8,39 (generally, escape equipment for evacuation). This is because people who have evacuated to the toilet rooms 34 to 37, which are also relatively safe areas and also have annexed rooms, do not pass through dangerous areas such as corridors, which are less safe areas. This is so that it can be done. In other words, in this embodiment, a person who mainly evacuates a weak person to the annex that also serves as a living room and evacuates to a section with a relatively high degree of safety (annex that also serves as a living room) has a lower degree of safety. Evacuation facilities for evacuation can be used to evacuate without going through a section (corridor, etc.). Therefore, the toilet rooms 34 to 37 to the doors 75 and 78, the corridor 4
It is possible to use a route such as 0, passing through the attached rooms 41, 42 and evacuating to the staircases 38, 39, but this route is not preferable in terms of safety, so when evacuating to the toilet room side of the doors 75, 78 A guide plate such as "Evacuation from here to the corridor is dangerous" may be displayed.

In the case where the attached rooms 41 and 42 do not exist, the toilet rooms 34 and 36 may be the attached rooms for the healthy person, and the toilet rooms 35 and 37 may be the attached rooms for persons with disabilities or the toilets. All of the chambers 34 to 37 may be attached rooms for persons with disabilities.
In the case of an evacuation staircase with no attached room, it is possible to provide a safe space for persons with disabilities by providing a toilet room for persons with disabilities. You will be able to evacuate.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of this embodiment. This floor has eight living rooms 50 in the building
~ 58, toilet rooms 61, 62, stair rooms 38, 39 provided on both sides of the building, stair rooms 38, 39 and corridor 40
And auxiliary chambers 41 and 42 provided between and.
The toilet room 61 is a men's toilet and includes two toilet booths, a urinal, and two washbasins. Toilet room 6
2 is a women's toilet, which has 3 toilet booths and 2 washbasins. In this embodiment, the attached room 41,
42 exists, so the toilet room 6 adjacent to the annex 41
The stairs 3
The space of the living room 58 adjacent to 9 is also used as an auxiliary room. The spaces of the toilet rooms 61, 62 and the living room 58 are used by persons with disabilities and the attached rooms 41, 42 are used by healthy persons. In addition, when the living room 58 is used also as an auxiliary room, the living room 5 is provided without placing a combustible material therein.
It is designed to form a fireproof section only with 8. As shown in the figure, the healthy person 43 does not pass through the corridor, which is a passage with a relatively low degree of safety, as shown by the dotted line 44, but directly from the toilet room 61, which is a high degree of safety, to the attached room. Evacuate to the staircase 38 via 41. On the other hand, the disabled person 45, as shown by the dotted line 46, once
Evacuation to No. 1 and annex 4
Evacuate to the staircase 38 via Route 1. In addition,
Although not shown, a healthy person evacuates to the staircase 39 via the annex 42, and a disabled person or the like temporarily evacuates to the living room 58 and then to the staircase 39. In this way, the evacuation routes differ depending on the emergency exits of normal people and people with disabilities, so that people with disabilities can safely evacuate healthy people and people without problems care for people with disabilities. can do. In FIG. 4, the doors between the toilet room 61 and the annex 41 and the doors between the toilet room 62 and the corridor 40 are opened in opposite directions. This is because the door should be opened in the evacuation direction in principle during evacuation. Therefore, the door between the toilet room 61 and the auxiliary room 41 may be opened in both directions.

Although FIG. 4 shows the case where the toilet room and the living room also serve as an annex, only the living room may also serve as an annex on a floor where the toilet room does not exist. Moreover, although the case where two toilet rooms for men and women are also used as annexes has been described, only the toilet room adjacent to the staircase or annex may be annex.

[0022]

As described above, according to the evacuation partition structure of the present invention, it is possible to facilitate evacuation in the event of a fire and to improve the utilization efficiency of buildings and rooms.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an evacuation partition structure provided with an annex on a floor of a conventional high-rise building, (A) showing the overall structure of the floor, and (B) enlarging the vicinity of the annex. To show

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a conventional evacuation partition structure in which a waiting space dedicated to a wheelchair is provided in an attached room.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an evacuation partition structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, (A) showing the overall structure of the floor, and (B) showing the vicinity of the annexed room in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the evacuation partition structure of this embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10-17, 30-33, 50-57 ... Living room 18, 19, 38, 39 ... Staircase 20, 40 ... Corridor 21, 22, 41, 42 ... Attached room 25, 26 ... Standby space 34-37, 61, 62 ... Toilet room (combined room) 58 ... Living room (combined room)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Toshio Shimizu             3-26-4 Shimura, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo             Inside Yatter Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Noriaki Iwase             3-26-4 Shimura, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo             Inside Yatter Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An evacuation partition structure comprising a plurality of living rooms, an aisle connecting the plurality of living rooms, and an escape facility for evacuation in the event of a fire, the evacuation partition structure being used for the evacuation in the plurality of living rooms. An evacuation partition structure characterized in that the living room adjacent to the escape facility can also be used as an annex. 2. A plurality of living rooms, an aisle connecting the plurality of living rooms, an escape facility for evacuation in the event of a fire, and an attached room provided between the aisle and the escape facility for evacuation. The evacuation partitioning structure, wherein the living room adjacent to the escape facility for evacuation can also be used as an attached room among the plurality of living rooms. 3. A plurality of living rooms, an aisle connecting the plurality of living rooms, an escape facility for evacuation in the event of a fire, and an attached room provided between the aisle and the escape facility for evacuation. The evacuation partition structure, wherein a room adjacent to the annex in the plurality of rooms can also be used as an annex. 4. The evacuation partition structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the living room which is also used as an auxiliary room is a toilet room. 5. The evacuation partition structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the living room which is also used as an auxiliary room has equipment in consideration of use by a weak person. 6. An evacuation partition structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a living room that is also used as an annex is equipped with equipment for guiding the vulnerable people to evacuation.