JP4526668B2 - Evacuation staircase compartment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an evacuation staircase section used in the event of a fire and the like, and more particularly to a technique that enables a person who has difficulty in walking due to an obstacle to use the evacuation staircase safely.
[0002]
[Prior art]
According to the Building Standards Law, evacuation stairs are provided in the building so that evacuation can be performed safely in the event of a fire. In the event of a fire, you can safely escape from inside the building using the escape stairs.
[0003]
The evacuation stairs are separated from the inside of the building by a fire prevention zone, and the evacuation stairs are configured to be protected from such a fire even if a fire occurs in the residential area of the building. A fire door is provided in the fire zone that divides the evacuation stairs for the purpose of ensuring the traffic between the inside of the building and the evacuation stairs.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional evacuation staircase, the fire door is made of steel having a thickness that conforms to the specifications defined in the Building Standards Act. In such a steel fire door, it was confirmed that the steel used for the fire door is thermally deformed in a high temperature environment at the time of a fire, and that the gap in the fire door mounting structure portion is larger than in a normal case.
[0005]
Such a gap is sufficiently predicted to be a good path of smoke or flame in the event of a fire, and depending on the scale of the fire, the function as a fire door may not be fully exhibited. Therefore, as long as the fire door having such a conventional configuration is used, when a fire occurs, smoke or the like enters the evacuation stairs surrounded by the fire prevention section, and there is a case where safe evacuation is threatened.
[0006]
Moreover, when evacuating, there is a case where we evacuate by all means because of the desire to evacuate early. Under such circumstances, those who have difficulty walking, such as those who have some physical disability and cannot walk quickly, cannot keep up with the quick evacuation behavior of healthy people, and in the worst case, they are pushed from behind and fall. Is also likely to occur. If we fall when we evacuate, it is quite possible that the following refugees will fall over one another and become a catastrophe.
[0007]
In the conventional evacuation staircase design, the evacuation of healthy persons and the evacuation of persons with difficulty in walking were sometimes treated in the same way from the viewpoint of refugees without any particular distinction. However, as described above, the present inventors considered that it is actually necessary to develop an evacuation stair that can appropriately cope based on the difference in walking ability between a person with difficulty walking and a healthy person. .
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to enable a person with difficulty in walking and a healthy person to use the evacuation stairs at ease during evacuation.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an evacuation staircase partitioning system in which a stairway for evacuation is provided in a staircase partitioned from the interior of a building such as a living space in a fireproofing compartment, wherein the fireproofing compartment includes an inside from the building to the staircase A fire door made of fireproof glass having heat insulation performance formed on the sliding door for entering and exiting is provided, and in the staircase of the evacuation stairs, a retreat space for retreating people with difficulty in walking is provided, and the retreat area is partitioned A glass fireproof partition that can visually recognize the situation in the evacuation space is used for the fireproof partition wall, and the evacuation space is partitioned in the stairs room by a glass partition that extends from the fireproof partition wall toward the escape stairs. It is characterized by being.
[0010]
Between the staircase and the inside of the building, an auxiliary room provided with smoke exhausting and / or smoke preventing devices is interposed. The staircase is provided with smoke exhausting and / or smoke preventing devices.
[0011]
In the case where the fire door is a single sliding door, a gap formed between the fire door and each of the door frame, the door pocket, and the sliding door opening / closing machine installation section, or the fire door is configured as a double sliding door. If there is, the heat-sensitive foaming foamed by the heat at the time of the fire in the gap formed between the fire door and the door frame, summing part, door pocket, sliding door opening and closing machine built-in part A material is provided.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a section system for an escape staircase according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the staircase side is viewed from the attached room. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of the retreat space in the staircase.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the evacuation stair partitioning system of the present invention is configured by providing an evacuation staircase 13 in a staircase room 12 partitioned by a living space 10 inside a building and a fire prevention partition wall 11. In the case shown in FIG. 1, the staircase 12 is provided behind an elevator lobby 15 partitioned through a living space 10 and a door 14 with a standing hole 17 for an elevator 16 interposed.
[0014]
The front of the staircase 12 leads to the attached room 19 through a fire door 18. The attached room 19 communicates with the elevator lobby 15 through a fire door 21. Furthermore, the attached room 19 leads to a corridor 23 defined by the living space 10 and the fire protection partition wall 11 through another fire door 22. A smoke exhaust device 24 is provided in the attached room 19 having such a configuration. The smoke from the fire that has flowed into the annex 19 can be exhausted by the smoke exhaust device 24 outside the building.
[0015]
In this way, in the present embodiment, each of the living space 10, the elevator lobby 15, the corridor 13 and the staircase 12 are indirectly communicated with the auxiliary room 19 provided with the smoke exhaust device 24 interposed therebetween. ing.
[0016]
Therefore, when a fire occurs in the living space 10, the living space 10 is partitioned from the surroundings by the fire-proof partition wall 11, so that it is difficult to prevent the fire from spreading to the side of the auxiliary room 19 and the corridor 23. However, although the fire is stopped by the fire prevention partition wall 11, it is assumed that smoke flows into the elevator lobby 15 and the hallway 23 side from the gap between the window and the door provided in the fire prevention partition wall 11.
[0017]
It is also conceivable that such smoke flows into the auxiliary chamber 19 through a gap between the mounting structures of the fire doors 21 and 22. Since the smoke exhaust device 24 is provided in the attached room 19, the smoke that has flowed in is exhausted to the outside of the building. Therefore, there is no possibility that a person who has escaped into the ancillary room 19 using the elevator lobby 15 or the corridor 23 due to the occurrence of a fire will be disturbed by the smoke filled in the ancillary room 19.
[0018]
The smoke exhaust device 24 provided in the attached room 19 may be a smoke exhaust device having a conventionally known configuration. Furthermore, instead of the smoke exhaust device 24, a smoke preventive device may be provided. By providing such a smoke-proof device, it may be possible to actively prevent smoke from entering from the elevator lobby 15 or the corridor 23 to eliminate the influence of smoke during evacuation. Furthermore, it is more effective if the smoke exhaust device 24 and the smoke preventive device are used together.
[0019]
On the other hand, the fire doors 18, 21, and 22 are configured to be automatically opened and closed so that they can be smoothly opened and closed during evacuation. In particular, the space of the fire doors 18, 21, 22, which is configured as a sliding door with a single opening and corresponds to the opening / closing portion as much as possible, is configured to be a small space so as not to hinder evacuation. When the door is formed as a hinged door, the door opens and closes in the direction of passage during evacuation, and thus the passage of the refugee is obstructed every time the door is opened and closed, and the present invention does not employ such an opening / closing mechanism.
[0020]
Moreover, the fire doors 18, 21, and 22 are formed in the structure using the fireproof glass A which has the transparent heat-shielding performance of the extent which can see the other side at least to some extent. In addition, the partition wall 25 that partitions the staircase 12 and the auxiliary chamber 19 is also formed as a glass fireproof partition wall using fireproof glass having heat shielding performance. The partition wall 25 also functions as a fire prevention partition wall.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, the staircase 12 has a fire place 18 opened to enter the staircase 12 into a slightly wider landing, and an escape stairway 13 leading to the upper and lower floors is provided at the end of the landing. Yes. A partition 26 is extended from the partition wall 25 side that divides the staircase 12 from the ancillary room 19 toward the evacuation staircase 13, and for those with difficulty in walking between the partition 26 and the outer wall 27 side of the staircase 12. A shelter space 28 is defined.
[0022]
FIG. 2 shows a state where the staircase 12 side is viewed from the side of the attached room 19, and FIG. 3 shows a state where the escape space 28 in the staircase 12 is viewed from the front in the staircase 12. In the case shown in FIG. 3, the retreat space 28 is formed between the partition 26 and the outer wall 27 to such an extent that a person can rest side by side in a state where a person is placed on a wheelchair, for example. Individual spaces for three wheelchairs may be set and displayed on the floor. The size of the evacuation space 28 may be appropriately determined according to the size of the landing hall of the staircase 12.
[0023]
A portion of the outer wall 29 behind the evacuation space 28 is greatly opened, and the tempered glass B is fitted into this portion, so that external light enters the staircase 12. In this manner, the escape space 28 is surrounded by the partition wall 25 made of fireproof glass having heat shielding performance behind, the outer wall 29 fitted with tempered glass, and the partition 26 made of glass on the side surface. From this part, it is possible to know the state of the inside of the escape space 28, and at the same time, there is an effect of keeping the illumination state in the escape space 28 bright.
[0024]
When a fire breaks out, many people in the building enter the staircase room 12 and evacuate using the evacuation staircase 13. For example, in the case of a disabled person using a wheelchair, the stairs Even if room 12 can be evacuated somehow, it is not possible to go down the stairs on its own, and it is expected to get stuck on the spot.
[0025]
A healthy person who evacuates should lift several wheelchairs and go down the evacuation stairs together, but it is difficult to always expect it. Therefore, if the evacuation space 28 is provided, it is possible to safely wait for the arrival of the rescue team from the outside of the building. Conventionally, since such a evacuation space 28 is not provided, it is fully anticipated that the wheelchair will fall into the stairs and fall down the stairs or fall down.
[0026]
However, by providing the evacuation space 28 as in the present invention, even a person with difficulty walking in a wheelchair can safely wait for the arrival of the rescue team without being involved in the evacuation flow of a healthy person.
[0027]
In particular, in the configuration of the present invention, the fire door 18, the partition wall 25, and the outer wall 29 are made of glass so that the other side can be seen to some extent, so that the rescue team enters the building from outside the staircase 12 However, it can be easily confirmed from the side of the attached room 19 whether there is a person who is in the retreat space 18. Whether or not such confirmation can be made quickly is extremely important in an emergency situation.
[0028]
In addition, because the outer wall 29 is made of tempered glass B so that the outside and inside of the building can be seen to some extent, there are people who are waiting for rescue in the waiting space 28 of the staircase 12 from the outside of the building. It is possible to confirm this, and the advance target of the rescue team will be known in advance, which will help prompt rescue operations.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the intercession space 28 may be provided with an intercom C that leads to a disaster prevention center in the building so that a rescue request can be made while in a wheelchair. Of course, such a retreat space 28 can be used by a person other than a person with difficulty walking who uses a wheelchair. Further, it is more effective if an emergency entrance is provided on the outer walls 27 and 29 near the evacuation space 28 so that the rescue team can enter from outside.
[0030]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the fire door 18 has smoke and flames in the staircase 12 having the escape staircase 13 that leads to the upper and lower floors and to the outside even if a fire spreads in the annex room 19 by any chance. As shown in FIG. 4A, a heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided in the gaps 31a and 31b of the mounting structure portion of the fire door 18 so as not to enter.
[0031]
As the heat-sensitive foam material 32, a conventionally used material such as sodium silicate or carbon graphite may be used. As shown in FIG. 4A, the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided on the side facing the partition wall 25 and the fire door 18 so that the heat-sensitive foam material 32 and the fire door 18 are not in contact with each other. It has been. Further, although not shown, the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided with a predetermined width along the vertical direction of the fire door 18.
[0032]
When a fire occurs, the heat-sensitive foam material 32 foams and expands when it reaches a predetermined temperature, and fills the gaps 31a and 31b. For this reason, even if a fire spreads in the ancillary room 19 or sufficient smoke cannot be exhausted in the ancillary room 19, no smoke or flame passes through the gaps 31a and 31b. When the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided, it is necessary to provide the gap 31a, 31b sufficiently to fill the gap when foaming. The amount of use may be set based on the expansion coefficient when the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is foamed. Good.
[0033]
When selecting the heat-sensitive foam material 32 to be used, it is necessary to pay careful attention not only to the expansion coefficient at the time of foaming but also to the temperature at the start of foaming. This is because if the foaming is too low at the initial stage of the fire, the fire door 18 may be opened and closed when evacuating through the fire door 18. For example, the temperature may be set to 100 ° C. to 120 ° C. If it sets to this temperature, it is preferable from a viewpoint of ensuring the appropriate mobility of the function of a fire door.
[0034]
The heat-sensitive foaming material 32 may be provided in any way as long as it expands during foaming and can sufficiently close the gaps 31a and 31b. For example, as shown in FIG. There is also a method of providing.
[0035]
In the case shown in FIG. 4B, it is a view partially showing the circled part of FIG. 4A, but faces the end of the fire door 18 when the fire door 18 is closed. The heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided in a shape in which a flat portion 32a is provided on the end face of the fireproof partition 25 substantially flat, and a protruding portion 32b is provided in a protruding shape on the fire door 18 side from the flat portion 32a. Yes.
[0036]
If provided in such a shape, the tip of the protruding portion 32b of the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is in contact with the surface of the fire door 18, so that the heat-sensitive foam material 32 is provided flat. Thus, the allowable interval between the gaps 31a and 31b can be set wide.
[0037]
In the above description, the auxiliary room 19 is provided adjacent to the staircase 12 so that smoke generated at the time of fire does not pass through the staircase 12, but the mounting structure portion of the fire door 18 as described above. If a configuration in which the gaps 31a, 31b and the like are closed by foaming and expanding with a heat-sensitive foam material 32 in the event of a fire is adopted, a configuration in which the auxiliary chamber 19 is not provided as shown in FIG.
[0038]
Further, in the configuration in which the auxiliary room 19 is not provided, as shown in FIG. 5, a smoke exhaust device 24 is provided in the staircase room 12, and even if smoke enters the staircase room 12 by any chance, Exhaust air may be used so that it is not covered by smoke when evacuating using evacuation stairs.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since a staircase is provided in the staircase, a person with difficulty in walking who is unable to evacuate using the evacuation staircase does not get involved in the evacuation flow of a healthy person, and the rescue team arrives. Can wait in peace.
[0040]
Unlike a conventional evacuation staircase without such a configuration, it is possible to effectively prevent an accident during evacuation, such as a person with difficulty walking and getting involved in the evacuation flow of a healthy person and falling down.
[0041]
By installing a heat-sensitive foam material in the gap of the fire door mounting structure leading to the staircase, even if a space adjacent to the staircase goes through a fire door, a heat-sensitive foam material can be used. The staircase can be protected from smoke and flame because it foams and expands to close the gap.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a section system for an escape staircase according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the state of the staircase side as viewed from the attached room.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a situation of a shelter space viewed from inside the staircase.
4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a heat-sensitive foam material is provided in a gap in a mounting structure portion of a fire door, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting state of the heat-sensitive foam material. It is.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration in which a supplementary room is not provided adjacent to the staircase.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Living space 11 Fire compartment wall 12 Staircase 13 Evacuation staircase 14 Door 15 Elevator lobby 16 Elevator 17 Standing hole 18 Fire door 19 Annex 21 Fire door 22 Fire door 23 Corridor 24 Smoke exhaust device 25 Partition wall 26 Partition 27 Outer wall 28 Escape Space 29 Outer wall 31a Gap 31b Gap 32 Heat-sensitive foam material 32a Protruding part 32b Flat part A Fireproof glass B Tempered glass C Intercom

Claims (4)

An evacuation staircase division system in which a staircase for evacuation is provided in a staircase compartment separated from the interior of a building such as a living space in a fire prevention compartment,
The fire prevention compartment is provided with a fireproof glass fire door having heat insulation performance formed in the sliding door for entering and exiting the staircase from the inside of the building,
The staircase is provided with a evacuation space for a person with difficulty in walking who is difficult to evacuate using the evacuation stairs,
A glass fireproof partition that can visually recognize the situation in the retreat space is used for the fire protection compartment wall that partitions the retreat space .
The evacuation staircase partitioning system, wherein the evacuation space is partitioned in the staircase room by a glass partition extending from the fire prevention partition wall toward the evacuation stairs. In the evacuation staircase division system according to claim 1,
An evacuation staircase partitioning system characterized in that an additional room provided with a smoke exhausting device and / or a smokeproofing device is interposed between the staircase and the interior of the building. In the evacuation staircase division system according to claim 1,
The staircase room is provided with a smoke evacuation device and / or a smoke proofing device. In the division | segmentation system of the escape stairs of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3,
In the case where the fire door is an automatic single sliding door, in the gap generated between the fire door and the door frame, door pocket, sliding door opening and closing mechanism part,
Alternatively, when the fire door is configured as an automatic double sliding door, in the gap formed between the fire door and each of the door frame, summing unit, door pocket, sliding door opening and closing mechanism unit, An evacuation staircase partitioning system characterized by a heat-sensitive foaming material that foams due to heat during a fire.

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