JP4318226B2 - Susuki seed germination promotion method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for promoting germination of Japanese pampas grass seeds. In particular, germination to grow seedlings to be used in order to greening the cut slope and fill slopes, such as artificially reclamation has been ground, the pampas grass seeds that are difficult to native species seedlings training at an early stage by seeding It relates to a germination promotion method.

  Construction sites such as steel towers for power transmission facilities and temporary yards including road cut surfaces and road embankments have been greened for the purpose of ensuring stability of the earth and sand, considering the natural environment, and improving the landscape. ing. Currently, exotic species such as Kentucky Bluegrass, which are excellent for early planting and environmental applicability, and native species such as hagi are used to improve soil binding and fertilization for restoration by planting. There are many. However, as shown in FIG. 1 for a standard seed formulation, these seeds are mixed with imported products.

  However, the social environment for greening is changing, such as the “Law Concerning the Prevention of Damage Related to Ecosystems, etc. by Specified Alien Organisms” and the “Landscape Green Law”. For this reason, reforestation using exotic species that are highly likely to cause disturbance to local planting is restricted, and there are cases where local species are also considered to be rehabilitated due to consideration for disturbance at the gene level. It has occurred. Therefore, there is a need for greening restoration by local species, which are local plants that contribute to biodiversity conservation.

  Therefore, in the current situation, there is only negative weakness among the native grasses, but it is strong in bad places, excellent in fastness resistance, heat resistance and tide resistance, and the natural enemy is only Nambanggicell. Planting using root stock.

  Susuki is an indigenous species, and has an excellent strength of holding ground for growing strains. Has also found benefits. Greening methods using Japanese pampas grass include sowing and root transplanting.

  However, using Susuki root strain requires labor from root collection to transplantation (root strains will not grow unless they are harvested large), limited collection locations, and need to restore temporary storage locations and collection sites There are issues such as

  There is also a planting method by sowing, but Susuki has a fateful weakness common to strong organisms in the balance of the ecosystem, it has a poor establishment due to low germination rate, and it has the vulnerability of seed growth ing. In addition, there are problems such as requiring a lot of labor for transplantation. For these reasons, neither the mixed sowing method nor the single sowing method has been applied to Japanese pampas grasses for slope planting or disturbed bare ground planting. Therefore, it has been established that it is impossible to verify the effect of the sowing greening plant using the Japanese pampas grass, and it is not effective even when applied as a mixed sowing seed.

  There are a lot of analysis reports that the reason why the mixed seeding type and single seeding type methods are not applied to Susuki is due to the low germination rate. Certainly, in laboratory tests such as the Chalet test, the germination rate is approximately 20% or outside, but in the exposure test, the germination rate rarely exceeds 10% even with the result of the appropriate germination period.

  However, as a result of repeated tests, the main cause of failure in seeding work is not due to low germination rate, but other overplanting plants and pressure disturbances from transitional surrounding plants Has been found to be due to. This pressure disturbance is caused by a difference in “appropriate germination temperature” and a difference in “number of days required for germination”.

  FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the data of “required germination days” and “appropriate germination temperature” for representative seeds having a high frequency of mixing with Japanese pampas grass.

  2 and 3, the optimum temperature for germination varies between 10 ° C. and 15 ° C. between Japanese pampas grass and other seeds, and this temperature difference is comparable to the seasonal difference of about 60 to 90 days. From FIG. 3, the tall fescue sprouted at an average temperature of 10 ° C. reaches an extension length of approximately 40 cm to 60 cm after 60 to 90 days. Therefore, when Japanese pampas grass germinates after the required number of days for germination, the other mixed seeds are in the process of growth, that is, they have grown sufficiently to give a pressure disorder.

On the other hand, verifying the sowing of Japanese pampas grass has the following problems, and these negative conditions are the main reasons for avoiding greening by Japanese pampas grass.
(I) Since the number of days required for germination is long, the surrounding weeds will come in, show germination and growth faster than Susuki, and eventually, pressure damage will occur.
(B) Germination occurs in a patch shape, and uniform formation cannot be ensured.
(C) Since the germination rate is low (10% or less), a large amount of seed is required. The presence of a large amount of seeds promotes the growth of spoilage bacteria and fermenting bacteria, causing difficulty in establishment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, the improvement of seed germination rate of the scan liked, and allows early germination, by creating seedlings sinensis, reduction of labor involved in implantation of Miscanthus sinensis stumps It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for promoting the germination of Japanese pampas grass seeds, which makes it possible to achieve the above.

  The present inventors diligently studied to solve the above problems. The problems described above are derived from the nature of Japanese pampas grass, and improving it at the genetic level poses a great risk to the ecosystem. Therefore, as a greening method of Japanese pampas grass, it is not a method by sowing but a method by planting seedlings, preferably by using a medium containing fermenting bacteria, and by increasing the ground temperature by allowing red cellophane to pass through sunlight all day long, and improving germination rate The inventors have found that early germination is possible and have reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) Improving germination rate while shortening the number of days required for germination by seeding Susuki seeds in a medium containing fermentative bacteria and irradiating with red light that transmits sunlight to promote germination. germination method of Miscanthus sinensis seed, wherein (2) fermentation bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, Itojokin, above, wherein the at least one selected from yeast according to (1) Method for promoting germination of Japanese pampas grass seeds.
(3) The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the medium is a medium mainly composed of a water retention material.
(4) The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to ( 3 ) above, wherein the water retaining material is one or more selected from rice husk, peat moss, sawdust, vermiculite, pearlite, zeolite, and diatomaceous earth. .
(5) The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), wherein the seeds of Susuki seeds sown in a medium are kept warm with a heat-retaining material.
(6) A method for producing a Susuki seedling, characterized by germinating and elongating Susuki seeds by the method according to any one of (1) to ( 5 ) to form seedlings , transplanting the seedlings into pots and growing them.
(7) Susuki seeds are germinated and elongated by the method according to any one of (1) to (5) above to form seedlings, and the seedlings are transplanted and grown in pots to prepare susuki seedlings. A greening method using Japanese pampas grass characterized by planting.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the germination rate of Japanese pampas grass seeds and shorten the number of days required for germination. Therefore, by transplanting the germinated and elongated seedlings and creating Susuki seedlings, it becomes possible to plant using Susuki seedlings instead of Susuki roots. The labor required for the main planting work can be reduced. In addition, planting with Susuki seedlings is facilitated, so that greening by Susuki can be promoted.

  Moreover, if the germination promotion method according to the present invention is used, it is possible to carry out the seeding process in winter, to grow germinated and elongated seedlings in pot seedlings, and to plant them in the early spring with good weather The working environment is prepared and there is no risk of the seedlings dying in the summer heat.

  FIG. 4 shows a method for promoting the germination of Susuki seeds according to the present invention, and a process diagram for transplanting and growing Susuki seedlings germinated and elongated by this method in comparison with the prior art. In FIG. 4, (A) shows the case of seeding, (B) shows the case of root transplantation, and (C) shows the case of adopting the method of the present invention.

  In the case of conventional sowing (A), a grounding process, a fertilizer application process, and a sowing process are adopted, and seeds are sown directly on the slope of the object to be replanted, and germination and elongation are aimed at greening. There were problems as described above. In the case of root stock transplantation (B), root stock collection (30 cm x 30 cm square), root stock transplantation, and root plant main planting process are adopted, and greening is achieved by planting seedlings grown in advance. However, there was the above-mentioned problem at the time of root stock collection and planting. In contrast to these conventional techniques, in the method of the present invention, after seeding, the seedlings that have been germinated and grown are grown in pots, and the slope can be greened simply by planting the grown pot seedlings. The problem can be solved all at once. Details of the present invention will be described below.

In germination method seeds according to the present invention, the seed item and ing is is difficult to scan liked seed growth of seedlings germination rate low.

The medium for seeding Susuki seeds is not particularly limited as long as it is a soil that can normally seed and grow grass seeds, but it is preferable that fermenting bacteria are blended in this medium. This is because the temperature of the medium can be increased by the action of the fermenting bacteria, thereby promoting the germination of Susuki seeds. Examples of fermenting bacteria include lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, and yeast.

  Fermentative bacteria can change the temperature inside the medium or the temperature of the surface, and also have a heat retaining effect, so they can be used properly at the sowing time. For example, in winter, the content is increased to increase the temperature, and in early spring or early autumn, the content may be set to an appropriate range in order to suppress the growth of other bacteria due to excessive temperature rise. One type of fermenting bacterium may be used, or a mixture of two or more types may be used.

The medium used in the present invention preferably contains an inorganic or organic water retention material in order to improve the germination rate of Susuki seeds, and the medium is more preferably a medium mainly composed of the water retention material. preferable. In this case, the water retaining material preferably occupies more than half of the medium, more preferably 80% or more.

  Examples of the water retention material include rice husk, peat moss, sawdust, vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, and the like. These water retaining materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Furthermore, the medium used in the present invention may contain a compost, a fertilizer, a herbicide, a plant growth promoter and the like.

After seeding Susuki seeds in the culture medium, it is preferable to place a heat-retaining material on the seeded plant seeds and to irradiate red light while keeping the temperature. By doing so, plant seeds are protected from the cold, and appropriate moisture content is maintained, so that germination is promoted. The heat retaining material may be any natural or synthetic material having heat retaining properties, and for example, water tanks, sponges and the like may be used alone or in combination.

  In the present invention, the emitted red light means light near 660 nm. As a method of irradiating under red light, for example, a method of irradiating positive light transmitted through a red cellophane, a red mesh sheet or the like can be mentioned.

  The seedlings germinated and elongated using the above medium are transplanted and grown in a seedling pot by a normal method, and then planted on a slope. Thereby, it becomes possible to implement slope planting by a Japanese pampas grass by sowing, without direct sowing or root transplantation.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated concretely using an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not limited only to a following example.

Example 1
In late February, seedlings were sown on three resin seeding trays (with drain holes) 0.432m long × 0.333m wide × 0.07m deep, and the sunlight irradiation conditions were changed on each of the three trays. And tested.

FIG. 5 shows a conceptual diagram of the germination promotion experiment. For drainage adjustment, kitchen paper was spread on the bottom of the tray (1) without any gaps. Prepare a germination bed blended with the composition shown in Table 1, and put mixed soil (2), which is a medium containing fermented bacteria, into vermiculite, compost, and diatomaceous earth blended at the ratio shown in Table 1. (3) was seeded. The seeding amount was 2,000 grains / tray (0.144 m ² ), and was seeded uniformly. Water-soluble paper (4) was placed on the seeding surface to prevent drought stress. A water tank (5) was sprayed on water-soluble paper to alleviate nighttime cooling. The lid portion of the tray was covered with red cellophane (6) so that only red light was transmitted.

For the purpose of promoting germination and seedling growth, the following specifications were made for each tray. Temperature, water supply, and ventilation were set to the same conditions, and germination management was performed. In condition c, the amount of sunlight irradiation was reduced by transmitting the ground glass.
a. Sunlight is transmitted through red cellophane paper all day, and the seeding surface is irradiated.
b. Transmit sunlight to red cellophane paper in the morning and remove red cellophane in the afternoon.
c. All day, the ground glass is permeated and the sowing surface is irradiated.

  Table 2 shows the number of days elapsed and the maximum, minimum, and average temperatures during the test period.

( Comparative Example 1 )
As in Example 1, except that the germination bed blended with the composition shown in Table 3 was used, seeds of Japanese pampas grass were sown in three trays having the same contents, and the above a The specification was as in -c, and air temperature, water supply, and ventilation were set under the same conditions, and germination management was performed.

( Comparative Example 2 )
Except for using the germination bed blended with the composition shown in Table 4, as in Example 1, seedling of Japanese pampas grass seeds on three trays having the same contents, and for the purpose of promoting germination and seedling growth, the above a The specification was as in -c, and air temperature, water supply, and ventilation were set under the same conditions, and germination management was performed.

  The test results in the above examples are summarized in Table 5.

  From the results of Table 5, the case where germination started earlier was the specimen to which the germination promotion method a of Example 1 was applied. Usually, the required number of days for germination of Japanese pampas grass at an average temperature of 10 ° C. is 50 to 60 days. In this example, the required number of days for germination is 21 days, and the increase in the ground temperature by red light promotes germination. It was guessed.

Next, the specimen that started germination earlier was a specimen to which the germination promotion method a of Comparative Example 2 was applied, and germination was confirmed on the 4th, which was delayed from Example 1. From this, it was confirmed that permeable red cellophane and irradiating the germination bed had good results in promoting germination.

  Moreover, in Example 1, when the permeation | transmission time was made into the whole day, it turned out that the difference of b when it makes it a half day appears in an expansion | extension difference. When the direct sunlight was given for half a day, the elongation was clearly superior, and the average elongation was less than 2 cm. However, in the test using the germination promotion method b of Example 1, the highest elongation individual exceeded 18 cm. confirmed. On the other hand, in the test to which the germination promotion method a of Example 1 was applied, the degree of elongation was 13 cm to 15 cm.

Furthermore, in Example 1 in which fermenting bacteria were mixed, it was found that the number of germinations was about three times that in Comparative Example 2 in which no fermenting bacteria were mixed.

  Based on the above results, fermenting bacteria in the medium and irradiating sunlight with red cellophane through the germination bed can improve the low germination rate peculiar to Susuki and reduce the number of days required for germination. We were able to. By transplanting the sprouting seedlings to the pot and planting the grown pot seedlings, the work effort was greatly reduced compared to planting the Susuki root stock.

By using the method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain Susuki seedlings, which are native species, by transplanting and growing Susuki seedlings. By planting them on slopes such as power transmission towers, power plants, roads, places modified by construction, and places where earth and sand may flow out, the risk of slope collapse can be prevented. , Its practical value is great.

It is a figure which shows the compounding example of the seed used for slope greening. It is a figure which shows the germination required days of a typical seed with a high mixed sowing frequency of a Susuki seed and a Susuki seed. It is a figure which shows the suitable temperature for germination of a typical seed with the high mixed sowing frequency of a Susuki seed and a Susuki seed. It is process drawing which shows the greening of a slope by Susuki in comparison with the conventional method and the method of the present invention. It is a figure which illustrates notionally the germination promotion method of the gramineous plant seed in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Sowing tray 2 Medium 3 Susuki seed 4 Water-soluble paper 5 Water tank 6 Red cellophane

Claims (7)

The seedlings of Susuki seeds are sown in a medium containing fermentative bacteria, and germination is promoted by irradiating red light that transmits sunlight, thereby shortening the number of days required for germination and improving the germination rate. Method for Promoting Germination of Susuki Seeds The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to claim 1 , wherein the fermenting bacterium is one or more selected from lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, and yeast. The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the medium is a medium mainly composed of a water retention material. The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to claim 3 , wherein the water-retaining material is one or more selected from rice husk, peat moss, sawdust, vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, and diatomaceous earth. The method for promoting germination of Susuki seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the seeds of Susuki seeds sown in a medium are kept warm with a heat-retaining material. A method for producing a Susuki seedling, characterized by germinating and extending a Susuki seed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to form a young seedling, and transplanting the young seedling into a pot for growth. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the seedlings are germinated and elongated to form young seedlings, and the seedlings are transplanted and grown in a pot to create a Japanese seedling seedling, which is then planted. Greening method by Susuki.