JP4295899B2 - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Crushing machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4295899B2
JP4295899B2 JP2000198054A JP2000198054A JP4295899B2 JP 4295899 B2 JP4295899 B2 JP 4295899B2 JP 2000198054 A JP2000198054 A JP 2000198054A JP 2000198054 A JP2000198054 A JP 2000198054A JP 4295899 B2 JP4295899 B2 JP 4295899B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crushing
crusher
drum
dust
boss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2000198054A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2002011371A (en
Inventor
崇史 上條
憲道 福田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KYB Corp
Original Assignee
KYB Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KYB Corp filed Critical KYB Corp
Priority to JP2000198054A priority Critical patent/JP4295899B2/en
Publication of JP2002011371A publication Critical patent/JP2002011371A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4295899B2 publication Critical patent/JP4295899B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般の産業廃棄物又は街路樹の剪定で出された枝葉を破砕してドラム内に収容し、所定の場所で排出させる塵芥収集車用の破砕機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、産業廃棄物や街路樹の枝葉をチップ状にした塵芥等を回収する塵芥収集車としてはシャシー上に回転ドラムを回転自在に搭載し、このドラムの内周面に軸方向に沿う螺旋状のブレードを設け、ドラムの正転時にドラムの後方開口部から破砕機で破砕しながら投入した塵芥をブレードを介してドラムの前方に送り込んで多数収容させる。次いで、この塵芥を所定の廃棄物所まで搬送した後、この場所でドラムを逆転させることによりドラム内の塵芥をブレードを介して送り出し、ドラムの後方開口部から排出させるものが知られている。
【0003】
塵芥を破砕する破砕機をドラムの後部カバーに設けたものとしては、例えば、特開平8−225101号公報に開示されたような塵芥収集車が開発されている。
【0004】
この塵芥収集車は、破砕機で破砕した塵芥をブレードを介してドラム内に収容し、排出時にはドラムをダンプしながらドラムの後方開口部から所定の場所に塵芥を排出するものである。
【0005】
ところで、上記公報に開示され、又は一般的な塵芥収集車は回収された枝葉等を破砕機でこまかくチップ状に破砕してドラム内に収容させている。
【0006】
この場合、破砕機としては、例えば図10,図11に示すものが使用されている。この破砕機は図11に示すように、ドラムの背部カバーに設けた枠体からなるハウジング100と、ハウジング100内に設けられてモータ等を介して回転駆動される上下二つの回転軸101,102と、各回転軸101,102に軸方向に沿って取付けた多数のカッター103,103とで構成されている。
【0007】
各単一のカッター103は、図10,図11に示すように、ボス104とボス104の外周中央に円周方向に沿って起立した多数の破砕歯105とで構成されている。
【0008】
カッター103における破砕歯105は歯車状に形成され、各破砕歯105は放射方向に起立する基部106と、基部106の頂部に形成した巾狭の平面からなる刀先107と、基部106の肩部に形成した巾広の長方形状の平滑面からなる押つぶし面108とからなり、各破砕歯105間には弯曲したくぼみ109が形成されている。破砕歯105の両側のボス104の半径Xは同一に形成され、両側のボス104の外面110の高さは同一となっている。
【0009】
カッター103を回転軸101,102にそれぞれ組付けた時中間の隣接する各カッター103は各ボス104の外面と内面とが当接しており、端部のカッター103における破砕歯105の外面とボス104の外面がハウジング100の内面に近接している。更に上下のカッター103,103において、上方のカッター103の破砕歯105は下方の二つの破砕歯105間に回転自在に嵌合し且つその刃先107が下方のボス104の外周面110に対向し、同様に下方の破砕歯105は上方の二つの破砕歯105に嵌合している。
【0010】
この為、例えば街路樹を剪定した枝葉をハウジング100内に後方の開口部を介して押し込むと、この枝葉が例えば下方の二つの破砕歯105,105間に侵入し、この時上方の破砕歯105が刃先107でこれを切断し、更に押つぶし面108で押しつぶすことによりこまかいチップ状に破砕し、次いでこのチップ状となった塵芥を正面側の開口部よりドラム方向に押し出すようになっている。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記、図10,図11に示すような破砕機では、塵芥を切断してチップ状に成形する点では非常にすぐれているが、枝葉等の塵芥を長方形状の押つぶし面108で押つぶしているために面圧が広い押つぶし面に分散し、部分的に応力が集中しないからつぶし効率が悪いという不具合がある。
【0012】
そこで、本発明の目的は、塵芥のつぶし効率を向上できる破砕機を提供することである。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明の手段は、ハウジング内に少なくとも上下二つの回転軸が回転自在に設けられ、各回転軸にカッターが軸方向に沿って多数取付けられ、カッターはボスとボスの外周中央に円周方向に沿って起立した多数の破砕歯とで構成されている破砕機において、上記破砕歯をボス外周に起立する基部と、基部の頂部に形成した任意巾の平面からなる刃先と、基部の肩部に斜めに形成されて一側から他側に向けて徐々に面が拡大する押つぶし面とで構成し、刃先で切断された塵芥を押つぶし面で押しつぶすことを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を図にもとづいて説明するが、本発明に係る塵芥収集車は、街路樹の剪定で出された枝葉を破砕機でチップ状に破砕し、これをドラム内にブレードを介して送って収容し、更に所定の廃棄場所まで輸送した後に排出させるのに適しているが、同じように破砕機で一般の産業廃棄物を破砕して同様にドラム内に収容し、更に排出させる場合にも使用可能である。
【0015】
本発明に係る塵芥収集車は、図6に示すように、車両Aのシャシー1にローラ2を介して正転方向又は逆転方向に回転自在に搭載した貯留ドラム3を備え、ドラム3内には公知のドラムと同じように内周面に軸方向に沿う螺旋状のブレードが設けられている。
【0016】
ドラム3の後方開口部には固定カバー4が対向して設けられている。固定カバー4には後述するように、塵芥投入口と塵芥排出用の開口窓が形成されている。塵芥投入口に図4に示す破砕機29を設け、この破砕機29に対向して蓋とガイドを兼ねたシュート5を設けたホッパー6が設けられ、更に、塵芥排出用の開口窓に対向してフローガイド7が設けられている。
【0017】
これにより、例えば、街路樹を剪定した枝葉を蓋5を開いてホッパー6内に押し込み、これを破砕機29でチップ状に破砕した後にドラム3を正転させながら投入口よりドラム3内にブレードを介して収容された塵芥は所定場所まで輸送された後、ドラム3を逆転し、ブレードで開口窓側に送り出され、次いでフローガイド7を介して外部に排出されるようになっている。
【0018】
以下、図6乃至図8にもとづいて各機構の構造を詳細に説明すると、車両Aのシャシー1には一対のローラ2,2が設けられ、このローラ2,2上に支持リング8を介してドラム3が正転方向,逆転方向に回転自在に搭載されている。
【0019】
ドラム3は、公知のようにその内周面に軸方向に沿う螺旋状のブレード9が設けられ、このブレード9がドラム3の回転時に塵芥を前方又は後方に送るようにしている。
【0020】
ドラム3の後方開口部10の中央にはブレード11を内周に備えたシートパイプ12が一体に設けられている。シャシー1にはこれに直交するブラケット13が固定され、このブラケット13には環状の支持枠14がブラケット15,15を介して固定されている。支持枠14は、二つに分割された断面コ字状の枠体14aからなり、この枠体14a内にドラム3の後部に形成した突状リング16を回転自在に嵌合させている。
【0021】
枠体14aの前方外面にはゴム等からなる環状シール17が止め具と環状の押え板18を介して固定され、ドラム3内の粉じん等が外部に漏れないようにしている。
【0022】
枠体14aの後方外面にはドラム3の開口部10に対向する板状の固定カバー4をボルト等の止め具を介して固定し、この固定カバー4でドラム3の開口部10を封じている。
【0023】
固定カバー4には下方の塵芥投入口19と左側上方の塵芥排出用の開口窓20と、上方ののぞき窓21とを形成し、それぞれドラム3内に対向させている。のぞき窓21はドラム3内を点検する開口部であり、通常はキヤップ22で閉じられている。
【0024】
塵芥投入口19内には上下二つのスクレバー23を備えた枠体24が挿入されて結合され、枠体24の外周には押え板25で支持されたシール26が配設されている。更にスクレバー23より後方には上下2枚のカッター27,28を設けた破砕機29が配設されている。破砕機29は、ハウジングたる枠体30と枠体30内の上下に設けたカッター27,28とカッター27,28の回転軸101,102を回転駆動するモータ31とからなり、枠体30はシャシー1上に固定されている。
【0025】
破砕機29の詳細な構造が図1乃至図5に示されている。この破砕機29は、従来と同じように、ハウジングたる枠体30内に上下二つの回転軸101,102を回転自在に設け、回転軸101,102に軸方向に沿って多数のカッター27,28をそれぞれ取付け、各カッター27,28はボス104とボス104の外周中央に円周方向に沿って起立した多数の破砕歯111とで構成され、隣接する中間のカッター27と27,28と28同士はボス104の外面と内面とを介してそれぞれ当接し、上方左側端部と下方右側端部のカッター27,28がボス104の外面を介して枠体30の内面に約0.5乃至1ミリメートルの隙間を介して近接している。
【0026】
本発明では、更に上記端部のカッター27,28の外面側ボス104aの直径を内面側ボス104bの直径より大きくしている。
【0027】
破砕機29はハウジングたる枠体30内に少なくとも上下二つの回転軸101,102が回転自在に設けられ、各回転軸101,102にカッター27,28がそれぞれ軸方向に沿って多数取付けられていれば良く、この場合、上下のカッター27,28のうち、一方のカッター27の破砕歯111を他方のカッター28の二つの破砕歯111,111間に嵌合させ、各破砕歯111の刃先相手方のボス104の外周面に対向させている。
【0028】
上記の各カッター27,28のうち、中間のカッター27と27,28と28はボス104の内外面を介して当接しているが、上方カッター郡のうち最左端部のカッター27の外面側ボス104aの外面と破砕歯の左側外面と下方カッター郡のうち最右端部のカッター28の外面側ボス104aの外面と破砕歯111の右側外面とはそれぞれ枠体30の内面に近接している。
【0029】
各カッター27,28における各破砕歯111は、図2,図3に詳細に示すように、ボス104の外周中央から放射状に起立している。この破砕歯111は基部112と、基部112の頂部に形成した巾狭の平面からなる刃先113と、基部106の肩部に斜めに形成した巾広の三角形状の平滑面からなる押つぶし面114とからなり、隣接する各破砕歯間には弯曲したくぼみ115が形成されている。
【0030】
上記押つぶし面114は直角三角形状に形成され、内側から外側に向けて傾斜させながら徐々に面が拡大するようになっている。押つぶし面114は一側から他側に向けて徐々に面が拡大するようになっていれば必ずしも三角形でなくてもよい。
【0031】
上記の破砕歯111によれば、後述するように、刃先113で投入された塵芥を切断し次いで押つぶし面114で押つぶすようになっている。
【0032】
即ち、ホッパー6から投入された枝葉P等が図5に示すように破砕機19の上下のカッター27,28間に押し込まれると、例えば下方のカッター28において、二つのカッター28,28間の隙間に枝葉Pの先端が侵入する。この時上方のカッター27における破砕歯111が上記隙間に回転しながら次々と侵入し、先ず、この破砕歯111の刃先113が鋭利であることから枝葉Pの胴部に喰込み、この枝葉Pを切断したり割ったりしながら奥方向に引張り込む。
【0033】
これにより枝葉Pが更に侵入するとと破砕歯111を押つぶし面114が面積の小さい部分から徐々に面積の拡い部分に沿って切断された枝葉Pの外面を押圧し、更にこの押つぶし面114と下方のカッター28におけるボス104の外面とで 枝葉Pを上下方向から挟圧して押つぶし、この枝葉Pを小さいチップにしてスクレバー23を介してドラム3内に移送する。
【0034】
上記の破砕歯111によれば、硬くて太い枝葉であっても先ず鋭利な刃先113でこの枝葉に割れを入れたり、切断しながら奥方向に引張り込める。更に押つぶし面114は枝葉Pに最初に当る面の面積が小さく、回転に応じて徐々に当りり面が大きくなるので最初の面圧が大きく枝葉Pの繊維の崩し効果とつぶし効率を高めることができるものである。
【0035】
更に上記の作動中に上方のカッター郡の左側端部のカッター27と、下方のカッター郡の右側端部のカッター28とは、それぞれ外面側ボス104aの外面と破砕歯111の外面とが枠体30の内面方向に押圧されるが、この際外面側ボス104aの直径を大きくして破砕歯111を補償しているので、この荷重によって破砕歯111が割れたり、破損するのを防止される。
【0036】
次に、図6乃至図9に戻って更に塵芥収集車の他の構造について説明する。
すでに述べたように、破砕機29の後方にはこれに対向してホッパー6が起伏自在に設けられている。この為、剪定された枝葉P等がシュート5よりホッパー6から手動等で破砕機29に押し込まれるとこの破砕機29のカッター27,28がこの枝葉Pをチップ状に破砕してスクレバー23側に押し出し、スクレバー23上のチップは、次々と投入口19を介してシートパイプ12内に送り込まれ、更にドラム3の正転に伴ってブレード9によりドラム3の前方に圧縮されながら収容される。
【0037】
ホッパー6は、先細の筒部本体32と、筒部本体32の前方に形成した開口部33と後方に形成した開口部34と、筒部本体32の後端下部にヒンジ35を介して回転自在に結合した蓋とガイドを兼ねたシュート5とから構成されている。ホッパー6は、通常シャシー1側に起立する支柱に対してブラケットbを介して結合されている。
【0038】
更に、ホッパー6の筒部本体32の下面にはブラケット36が下方に向けて設けられ、このブラケット36はシャシー1上に設けた脚37に回転自在にヒンジ結合され、これによりホッパー6全体が起伏自在にシャシー1に取付けられている。
【0039】
ホッパー6は、破砕機29に対向して設けても良いが破砕機29とを点検する都合上起伏自在に設け、点検時ホッパー6を後方に回転させて破砕機29を見ることができるようにしている。
【0040】
更に、ホッパー6の筒部本体32は短かくても良いが、剪定された枝のように一般の塵芥より長い塵芥の場合にはホッパー6からはみ出してしまうおそれがある為、この筒部本体32を長くするのが好ましい。
【0041】
ところが、逆にこの筒部本体32が長くなると手動で枝等を破砕機29側に押し込む際に手が届かなくなる不具合がある。そこで本発明では、筒部本体32を短く成形すると共にこの筒部本体32にシュート5をヒンジ結合させ、通常はこのシュート5で筒部本体32の入口を封じると共に枝等を差し込む場合には図9に示すようにシュート5を水平位置まで回転し、このシュート5をガイドとして利用して枝等を案内させ、枝等が地上に落下しないようにしている。又、枝等を必要に応じて筒部本体32内に押し込む場合には筒部本体32が短かい分手動で奥深くまで押し込むことができる。
【0042】
次に、フローガイド7は、開口部38を備えた長方形状の枠体39と、枠体39の下部に斜め下方に向けて設けたシュート40と、枠体39とシュート40とを覆って固定したハウジング41と、ハウジング41の上部に設けたのぞき窓用の蓋42とで構成され、更にハウジング41の下部にヒンジを介して排出用のシュートを兼ねた蓋43を設けている。
【0043】
枠体39は、固定カバー4の外面に固定し、開口部38を固定カバー4の開口窓20に対向させている。これにより蓋43をヒンジを介して下方に回転して開いておき、ドラム3を逆転させた時ドラム3内のチップ等の塵芥がブレード9で押し出され、開口窓20−開口部38−シュート40−蓋43を介して外部に排出される。
【0044】
フローガイド7に蓋43を設けておくことによりチップ等をスムースに且つ均一に排出できると共に蓋43の長さ分車両の後方にチップ等を導き出すことが可能となり、蓋43の長さ分、例えば、大きな穴等からなる塵芥廃棄場所の縁から遠くの位置に車両を停車できる。従って、この停車位置で蓋43を介してチップ等を排出できるのであやまって車両が穴にすべり落ちる等の危険を防止できる。
【0045】
更に、ハウジング41は塵芥の粉じん等が外部に飛散するのを防止できる効果があり、外観上も好ましいものである。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、次の効果がある。
【0047】
即ち、破砕歯をボス外周に起立する基部と基部の頂部に形成した刃先と、基部の肩部に斜めに形成されて一側から他側に向けて徐々に面が拡大する押つぶし面とで構成したから投入した塵芥を面の狭い部分から徐々に押しつぶす為、最初の面圧が大きく押つぶし効率を高めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の破砕機におけるカッターの斜視図である。
【図2】図1の端部カッターの一部切欠き拡大斜視図である。
【図3】図2のカッターにおける破砕歯の一部拡大斜視図である。
【図4】本発明の破砕機のー部縦断背面図である。
【図5】破砕歯による枝葉の押つぶし状態を示す一部拡大側面図である。
【図6】本発明の破砕機を搭載した塵芥収集車の斜視図である。
【図7】図6の塵芥収集車の分解斜視図である。
【図8】図1の塵芥収集車のカバー部の拡大背面図である。
【図9】図1の塵芥収集車のホッパー部の拡大正面図である。
【図10】従来の破砕機におけるカッターの一部拡大斜視図である。
【図11】従来の破砕機の一部切欠き縦断背面図である。
【符号の説明】
27,28 カッター
101,102 回転軸
104 ボス
111 破砕歯
112 基部
113 刃先
114 押つぶし面
115 くぼみ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crusher for a garbage collection vehicle that crushes branches and leaves produced by pruning general industrial waste or roadside trees, accommodates them in a drum, and discharges them at a predetermined place.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, as a garbage collection vehicle that collects industrial waste and wastes of roadside trees in the shape of chips, a rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the chassis, and the inner peripheral surface of this drum is spiral along the axial direction. A large number of the dusts thrown in while being crushed by a crusher from the rear opening of the drum during normal rotation of the drum are sent to the front of the drum via the blade and accommodated. Then, after transporting the dust to a predetermined waste place, the drum is reversed at this place, so that the dust in the drum is sent out through a blade and discharged from the rear opening of the drum.
[0003]
As an example in which a crusher for crushing dust is provided on the rear cover of the drum, for example, a dust collection vehicle as disclosed in JP-A-8-225101 has been developed.
[0004]
This garbage collection vehicle accommodates the dust crushed by a crusher in a drum through a blade, and discharges the dust from a rear opening of the drum to a predetermined place while dumping the drum at the time of discharge.
[0005]
By the way, the garbage collection vehicle disclosed in the above publication or a general garbage collection vehicle pulverizes the collected branches and leaves with a crusher into chips, and accommodates them in a drum.
[0006]
In this case, as a crusher, what is shown, for example in FIG. 10, FIG. 11 is used. As shown in FIG. 11, the crusher includes a housing 100 made of a frame provided on the back cover of the drum, and two upper and lower rotary shafts 101 and 102 that are provided in the housing 100 and are driven to rotate via a motor or the like. And a large number of cutters 103 and 103 attached to the rotary shafts 101 and 102 along the axial direction.
[0007]
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, each single cutter 103 includes a boss 104 and a large number of crushing teeth 105 erected along the circumferential direction at the center of the outer periphery of the boss 104.
[0008]
The crushing teeth 105 in the cutter 103 are formed in a gear shape, and each crushing tooth 105 has a base 106 standing in the radial direction, a sword tip 107 formed on a top of the base 106 and having a narrow plane, and a shoulder of the base 106. And a crushing surface 108 formed of a wide rectangular smooth surface formed between the crushing teeth 105, and a curved recess 109 is formed. The bosses 104 on both sides of the crushing tooth 105 have the same radius X, and the outer surfaces 110 of the bosses 104 on both sides have the same height.
[0009]
When the cutter 103 is assembled to the rotating shafts 101 and 102, the adjacent cutters 103 in the middle are in contact with the outer surface and inner surface of each boss 104, and the outer surface of the crushing teeth 105 and the boss 104 in the cutter 103 at the end. Of the housing 100 is close to the inner surface of the housing 100. Further, in the upper and lower cutters 103, 103, the crushing teeth 105 of the upper cutter 103 are rotatably fitted between the two lower crushing teeth 105, and the cutting edge 107 thereof faces the outer peripheral surface 110 of the lower boss 104, Similarly, the lower crushing teeth 105 are fitted to the upper two crushing teeth 105.
[0010]
For this reason, for example, when a branch or leaf obtained by pruning a roadside tree is pushed into the housing 100 through a rear opening, the branch or leaf enters, for example, between the two lower crushing teeth 105 and 105, and at this time, the upper crushing tooth 105. Is cut by a cutting edge 107 and further crushed by a crushing surface 108 to be crushed into a fine chip shape, and then the chip-like dust is pushed out in the drum direction from the opening on the front side.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The crusher as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is excellent in that the dust is cut and formed into chips, but the dust such as branches and leaves is crushed by the rectangular crushing surface 108. Therefore, there is a problem that the crushing efficiency is poor because the surface pressure is dispersed over a wide crushing surface and stress is not partially concentrated.
[0012]
Then, the objective of this invention is providing the crusher which can improve the crushing efficiency of dust.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, at least two upper and lower rotary shafts are rotatably provided in a housing, and a number of cutters are attached to the respective rotary shafts along the axial direction. In the crusher composed of a large number of crushing teeth standing in the circumferential direction at the center of the outer periphery, the crushing teeth are composed of a base part standing on the outer periphery of the boss and a plane of arbitrary width formed on the top part of the base part. Consists of a cutting edge and a crushing surface that is formed diagonally on the shoulder of the base and gradually expands from one side to the other . The dust cut by the cutting edge is crushed by the crushing surface. It is what.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the garbage truck according to the present invention, branches and leaves extracted by pruning roadside trees are crushed into chips by a crusher, and this is put into a drum. It is suitable to be sent through a blade and accommodated, and further discharged after being transported to a predetermined disposal place. Similarly, general industrial waste is crushed with a crusher and similarly accommodated in a drum. It can also be used for discharging.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 6, the garbage collection vehicle according to the present invention includes a storage drum 3 that is rotatably mounted in a forward rotation direction or a reverse rotation direction via a roller 2 on a chassis 1 of a vehicle A. Similar to a known drum, a spiral blade is provided on the inner peripheral surface along the axial direction.
[0016]
A fixed cover 4 is provided facing the rear opening of the drum 3. As will be described later, the fixed cover 4 is formed with a dust inlet and an opening window for discharging dust. A crusher 29 shown in FIG. 4 is provided at a dust inlet, a hopper 6 provided with a chute 5 serving as a lid and a guide is provided opposite to the crusher 29, and further, an opening window for discharging dust is provided. A flow guide 7 is provided.
[0017]
Thus, for example, the branches and leaves pruned from the roadside tree are pushed into the hopper 6 by opening the lid 5 and crushed into chips by the crusher 29. After being transported to a predetermined place, the dust housed via the drum 3 is rotated in the reverse direction, sent to the opening window side by the blade, and then discharged to the outside via the flow guide 7.
[0018]
Hereinafter, the structure of each mechanism will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. The chassis 1 of the vehicle A is provided with a pair of rollers 2 and 2, and a support ring 8 is provided on the rollers 2 and 2. The drum 3 is mounted so as to be rotatable in the forward direction and the reverse direction.
[0019]
As is well known, the drum 3 is provided with a spiral blade 9 along the axial direction on its inner peripheral surface, and this blade 9 feeds dust forward or backward when the drum 3 rotates.
[0020]
In the center of the rear opening 10 of the drum 3, a seat pipe 12 having a blade 11 on the inner periphery is integrally provided. A bracket 13 orthogonal to the chassis 1 is fixed to the chassis 1, and an annular support frame 14 is fixed to the bracket 13 via brackets 15 and 15. The support frame 14 includes a frame body 14a having a U-shaped cross section divided into two, and a projecting ring 16 formed at the rear portion of the drum 3 is rotatably fitted in the frame body 14a.
[0021]
An annular seal 17 made of rubber or the like is fixed to the front outer surface of the frame body 14a via a stopper and an annular presser plate 18, so that dust in the drum 3 does not leak to the outside.
[0022]
A plate-like fixed cover 4 facing the opening 10 of the drum 3 is fixed to the rear outer surface of the frame 14a through a stopper such as a bolt, and the opening 10 of the drum 3 is sealed with the fixed cover 4. .
[0023]
The fixed cover 4 is formed with a lower dust inlet 19, an upper left dust discharge opening window 20, and an upper observation window 21, which are opposed to the inside of the drum 3. The observation window 21 is an opening for inspecting the inside of the drum 3, and is normally closed by a cap 22.
[0024]
A frame body 24 having two upper and lower scrubbers 23 is inserted into and connected to the dust inlet 19, and a seal 26 supported by a presser plate 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the frame body 24. Further, a crusher 29 provided with two upper and lower cutters 27 and 28 is disposed behind the scrubber 23. The crusher 29 includes a frame 30 that is a housing, cutters 27 and 28 provided above and below the frame 30, and a motor 31 that rotationally drives the rotation shafts 101 and 102 of the cutters 27 and 28. The frame 30 is a chassis. 1 is fixed.
[0025]
The detailed structure of the crusher 29 is shown in FIGS. In the crusher 29, as in the prior art, two upper and lower rotary shafts 101 and 102 are rotatably provided in a frame 30 serving as a housing, and a number of cutters 27 and 28 are provided along the axial direction of the rotary shafts 101 and 102. Each of the cutters 27 and 28 is composed of a boss 104 and a number of crushing teeth 111 erected along the circumferential direction at the center of the outer periphery of the boss 104, and adjacent intermediate cutters 27 and 27, 28 and 28 Are in contact with each other through the outer surface and the inner surface of the boss 104, and the upper left end and the lower right end cutters 27 and 28 are about 0.5 to 1 mm on the inner surface of the frame 30 through the outer surface of the boss 104. Are close to each other through a gap.
[0026]
In the present invention, the diameter of the outer boss 104a of the cutters 27, 28 at the end is made larger than the diameter of the inner boss 104b.
[0027]
In the crusher 29, at least two upper and lower rotary shafts 101 and 102 are rotatably provided in a frame 30 as a housing, and a large number of cutters 27 and 28 are attached to the respective rotary shafts 101 and 102 along the axial direction. In this case, of the upper and lower cutters 27, 28, the crushing tooth 111 of one cutter 27 is fitted between the two crushing teeth 111, 111 of the other cutter 28, and the cutting edge of each crushing tooth 111 is placed on the other side. The boss 104 is opposed to the outer peripheral surface .
[0028]
Among the cutters 27 and 28, the intermediate cutters 27 and 27, 28 and 28 are in contact with each other via the inner and outer surfaces of the boss 104, but the outer surface side boss of the cutter 27 at the leftmost end in the upper cutter group. The outer surface of 104a, the left outer surface of the crushing teeth, and the outer surface of the outer boss 104a of the rightmost cutter 28 in the lower cutter group and the right outer surface of the crushing teeth 111 are close to the inner surface of the frame body 30, respectively.
[0029]
As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crushing teeth 111 in the cutters 27 and 28 stand up radially from the center of the outer periphery of the boss 104. The crushing teeth 111 include a base 112, a cutting edge 113 formed of a narrow plane formed on the top of the base 112, and a crushing surface 114 formed of a wide triangular smooth surface formed obliquely on the shoulder of the base 106. A curved recess 115 is formed between adjacent crushing teeth.
[0030]
The crushing surface 114 is formed in a right triangle shape, and the surface gradually expands while being inclined from the inside to the outside. The crushing surface 114 may not necessarily be a triangle as long as the surface gradually expands from one side to the other side.
[0031]
According to the crushing teeth 111 described above, as will be described later, the dust thrown in by the blade edge 113 is cut and then crushed by the crushing surface 114.
[0032]
That is, when the branches P and the like introduced from the hopper 6 are pushed between the upper and lower cutters 27 and 28 of the crusher 19 as shown in FIG. 5, for example, in the lower cutter 28, the gap between the two cutters 28 and 28. The tip of the branch leaf P invades. At this time, the crushing teeth 111 in the upper cutter 27 enter one after another while rotating into the gap. First, since the cutting edge 113 of the crushing teeth 111 is sharp, it bites into the trunk of the branch P, and this branch P is Pull in the back direction while cutting or cracking.
[0033]
As a result, when the branches and leaves P further invade, the crushing teeth 111 are crushed and the surface 114 gradually presses the outer surface of the branches and leaves P cut along the expanded area from the small area. And the outer surface of the boss 104 of the lower cutter 28 squeeze the branches and leaves P from above and below, crush the branches and leaves P into small chips, and transfer them into the drum 3 through the scrubber 23.
[0034]
According to the crushing tooth 111 described above, even a hard and thick branch or leaf is first cracked in the branch or leaf by the sharp blade edge 113 or pulled in the back direction while being cut. Further, the crushing surface 114 has a small area of the surface that first contacts the branches and leaves P, and the contact surface gradually increases with rotation, so that the initial surface pressure is large and the fiber breaking effect and crushing efficiency of the branches and leaves P are increased. It is something that can be done.
[0035]
Further, during the above operation, the cutter 27 at the left end of the upper cutter group and the cutter 28 at the right end of the lower cutter group have the outer surface of the outer boss 104a and the outer surface of the crushing tooth 111, respectively. In this case, the diameter of the outer boss 104a is increased to compensate for the crushing teeth 111, so that the crushing teeth 111 are prevented from being broken or broken by this load.
[0036]
Next, returning to FIGS. 6 to 9, another structure of the garbage truck will be described.
As already described, the hopper 6 is provided at the rear of the crusher 29 so as to be opposed to the crusher 29. For this reason, when the pruned branches and leaves P and the like are manually pushed into the crusher 29 from the hopper 6 through the hopper 6, the cutters 27 and 28 of the crusher 29 crush the branches and leaves P into chips and move them to the scrubber 23 side. The chips on the scrubber 23 are pushed out one after another into the seat pipe 12 through the insertion port 19 and further accommodated while being compressed forward of the drum 3 by the blade 9 as the drum 3 rotates forward.
[0037]
The hopper 6 is freely rotatable via a hinge 35 at a tapered tubular body 32, an opening 33 formed at the front of the tubular body 32, an opening 34 formed at the rear, and a lower rear end of the tubular body 32. And a chute 5 that also serves as a guide. The hopper 6 is usually coupled to a support column standing on the chassis 1 side via a bracket b.
[0038]
Further, a bracket 36 is provided on the lower surface of the cylindrical body 32 of the hopper 6 so as to face downward. The bracket 36 is hinged to a leg 37 provided on the chassis 1 so as to be rotatable, whereby the entire hopper 6 is raised and lowered. It is freely attached to the chassis 1.
[0039]
The hopper 6 may be provided to face the crusher 29, but is provided so that it can be raised and lowered for the purpose of checking the crusher 29, and the chopper 29 can be seen by rotating the hopper 6 rearward at the time of inspection. ing.
[0040]
Further, the cylindrical body 32 of the hopper 6 may be short, but in the case of a dust longer than ordinary dust such as a pruned branch, there is a possibility that the cylindrical body 32 protrudes from the hopper 6. Is preferably long.
[0041]
However, conversely, when the cylinder main body 32 becomes long, there is a problem that the hand cannot be reached when manually pushing a branch or the like into the crusher 29 side. Therefore, in the present invention, the cylindrical body 32 is formed short and the chute 5 is hinged to the cylindrical body 32. Normally, the chute 5 seals the inlet of the cylindrical body 32 and inserts a branch or the like. As shown in FIG. 9, the chute 5 is rotated to a horizontal position, and this chute 5 is used as a guide to guide branches and the like so that the branches and the like do not fall on the ground. Further, when a branch or the like is pushed into the cylindrical portion main body 32 as necessary, the cylindrical portion main body 32 can be manually pushed deeply by a short length.
[0042]
Next, the flow guide 7 is fixed by covering a rectangular frame 39 having an opening 38, a chute 40 provided at a lower portion of the frame 39 in an obliquely downward direction, and the frame 39 and the chute 40. The housing 41 and a viewing window lid 42 provided on the upper portion of the housing 41, and further, a lid 43 serving as a discharge chute is provided on the lower portion of the housing 41 via a hinge.
[0043]
The frame 39 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed cover 4, and the opening 38 is opposed to the opening window 20 of the fixed cover 4. As a result, the lid 43 is rotated and opened downward via the hinge, and when the drum 3 is reversed, dust such as chips in the drum 3 is pushed out by the blade 9, and the opening window 20 -the opening 38 -the chute 40. -It is discharged to the outside through the lid 43.
[0044]
By providing the lid 43 on the flow guide 7, chips and the like can be discharged smoothly and uniformly, and the chips and the like can be led to the rear of the vehicle by the length of the lid 43. It is possible to stop the vehicle at a position far from the edge of the waste disposal place consisting of large holes. Therefore, since the chip and the like can be discharged through the lid 43 at the stop position, it is possible to prevent the danger that the vehicle slips into the hole.
[0045]
Furthermore, the housing 41 has an effect of preventing dust dust and the like from being scattered to the outside, and is preferable in terms of appearance.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
[0047]
That is, the base that stands the crushing tooth on the outer periphery of the boss, the cutting edge formed on the top of the base, and the crushing surface that is formed obliquely on the shoulder of the base and gradually expands from one side to the other Since the dust that has been configured is gradually crushed from the narrow surface, the initial surface pressure is large and the crushing efficiency can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutter in a crusher of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the end cutter of FIG. 1 with a part cut away.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of crushing teeth in the cutter of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional rear view of the crusher of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged side view showing a state in which branches and leaves are crushed by crushing teeth.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a garbage truck equipped with a crusher of the present invention.
7 is an exploded perspective view of the garbage truck shown in FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged rear view of a cover portion of the garbage truck shown in FIG.
9 is an enlarged front view of a hopper portion of the refuse collection vehicle of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a cutter in a conventional crusher.
FIG. 11 is a partially cut longitudinal rear view of a conventional crusher.
[Explanation of symbols]
27, 28 Cutter 101, 102 Rotating shaft 104 Boss 111 Crushing tooth 112 Base 113 Cutting edge 114 Crushing surface 115 Indentation

Claims (2)

ハウジング内に少なくとも上下二つの回転軸が回転自在に設けられ、各回転軸にカッターが軸方向に沿って多数取付けられ、カッターはボスとボスの外周中央に円周方向に沿って起立した多数の破砕歯とで構成されている破砕機において、上記破砕歯をボス外周に起立する基部と、基部の頂部に形成した任意巾の平面からなる刃先と、基部の肩部に斜めに形成されて一側から他側に向けて徐々に面が拡大する押つぶし面とで構成し、刃先で切断された塵芥を押つぶし面で押しつぶすことを特徴とする破砕機。At least two upper and lower rotating shafts are rotatably provided in the housing, and a large number of cutters are attached to the respective rotating shafts along the axial direction. In a crusher composed of crushing teeth, the crushing teeth are formed on a base part standing on the outer periphery of the boss, a cutting edge made of a plane of arbitrary width formed on the top part of the base part, and a shoulder part of the base part. A crusher characterized by comprising a crushing surface whose surface gradually expands from one side to the other, and crushing the dust cut by the cutting edge with the crushing surface . 押つぶし面が上方から斜め下方に向けて面を徐々に拡大する三角形状の面からなり、隣接する各破砕歯間に弯曲したくぼみが形成されている請求項1の破砕機。  The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the crushing surface is formed of a triangular surface that gradually expands the surface from the upper side to the obliquely lower side, and a curved depression is formed between adjacent crushing teeth.
JP2000198054A 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Crushing machine Expired - Fee Related JP4295899B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000198054A JP4295899B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Crushing machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000198054A JP4295899B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Crushing machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002011371A JP2002011371A (en) 2002-01-15
JP4295899B2 true JP4295899B2 (en) 2009-07-15

Family

ID=18696275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2000198054A Expired - Fee Related JP4295899B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Crushing machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4295899B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100758579B1 (en) 2006-10-18 2007-09-13 주식회사 대호에코텍 Axial symmetry multi shaft rolling impact crusher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002011371A (en) 2002-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5102056A (en) Combination leaf and lawn debris comminuting vacuum and wood chipper
JP2006272101A (en) Tree branch shredding machine
CN207260032U (en) A kind of double cutting sheet leaf reducing mechanisms of sanitation cart
CN107829393B (en) Suction nozzle device and road cleaning equipment
JP4295899B2 (en) Crushing machine
JP4249377B2 (en) Crushing machine
KR101408893B1 (en) Wood crusher
JP4204741B2 (en) Garbage truck with crusher
JP4204740B2 (en) Garbage truck with crusher
JP4146604B2 (en) Garbage truck
JP4271343B2 (en) Garbage truck
EP2036690A1 (en) Comminuting apparatus for producing calibrated wood particles
JP2005066459A (en) Pulverizer
JP4300142B2 (en) Garbage truck
JP4300141B2 (en) Garbage truck
JP4300148B2 (en) Garbage truck
CN210386102U (en) Solid waste crusher
KR102467668B1 (en) Envelope shredding apparatus
EP1055459B1 (en) Device for force feeding of plastic parts or waste elements of different sizes into all kinds of crushing machines
JP3100358B2 (en) Wood crusher
JP4300143B2 (en) Garbage truck
KR200333159Y1 (en) The root of tree pulverize
CN216173042U (en) Garbage crushing mechanism for garbage sorting
JPH0217636Y2 (en)
JP3525505B2 (en) Foreign matter discharge device of twin-shaft crusher

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20050929

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20081008

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20081118

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20090113

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20090324

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20090413

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120417

Year of fee payment: 3

R151 Written notification of patent or utility model registration

Ref document number: 4295899

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120417

Year of fee payment: 3

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20090113

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130417

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130417

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140417

Year of fee payment: 5

S533 Written request for registration of change of name

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees