JP4300143B2 - Garbage truck - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an improvement in a garbage collection vehicle that crushes branch trees produced by pruning general industrial waste or roadside trees, and accommodates them in a drum and discharges them.

For example, branch trees pruned by roadside trees are bulky if transported as they are, and the load capacity cannot be taken sufficiently, so a shredder has been conventionally mounted on a garbage truck, and this branching machine shreds branches. There has been a garbage collection vehicle that accommodates, transports, and discharges the chips that have been collected in a drum (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-152636

By the way, when compost is made from branches, etc., the particle size of chips crushed with a garbage truck crusher is too large. It was supposed to make compost by finely shearing using a crusher.

However, when compost is made from the chips transported by the above garbage collection vehicle, it is necessary to throw the chips once discharged from the dust collection vehicle into the crusher at the disposal site. There was a problem that it took.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage collection vehicle that makes a branch tree or the like after debranching a roadside tree easy to compost.

  The present invention is applied to a garbage truck that collects and transports garbage.

Then, a crusher that crushes the dust into chips on the vehicle body frame, a drum that stores or discharges the chips by forward and reverse rotation operations, a crusher that further shears the chips, and a chip that is discharged from the drums A chip insertion means for introducing into the crusher by gravity , a chip discharge direction switching means for switching the chips discharged from the drum to be discharged outside the crusher, and as a chip discharge direction switching means, A chute surface that guides the chip toward the crusher, a chute inclined door that rotates along the chute surface, a stopper that switches and holds the rotation position of the chute inclined door, and the chute inclined door. And a chute auxiliary door that rotates, and the chips discharged from the drum are discharged between the chute inclined door and the chute auxiliary door. Configuration and then to the folded portion is formed at the lower end of the chute auxiliary door, the folded portion is in contact with the tip back of the chute inclination door, characterized in that a chute inclined door was configured to lock in the closed position Garbage truck.

According to the present invention, when a branch tree or the like after branching off the roadside tree is carried into the drum, the drum is rotated forward and the branch tree or the like is fed into the drum while being broken into chips via the crusher. On the other hand, when discharging chips from the drum, the drum is reversed and the chips discharged from the drum are loaded into the crusher by gravity through the chip loading means, and sent to the outside while being further finely sheared by the crusher. .

As a result, it is possible to make the branches, etc., after the roadside trees are pruned by the garbage truck so that they can be composted easily, and the work of once throwing the chips discharged from the garbage truck into the crusher becomes unnecessary. , Increase work efficiency.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of a garbage truck to which the present invention can be applied. Note that this application has already been filed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-152636 (Patent Document 1).

This garbage collection vehicle crushes branch trees pruned from roadside trees into chips with a crusher, sends them into the drum 3 via blades 9 for storage, and transports them to a predetermined disposal location However, it can also be used when a general industrial waste is crushed by a crusher and similarly stored in the drum 3 and then discharged.

The garbage collection vehicle includes a storage drum 3 that is rotatably mounted on a vehicle body frame 1 of a vehicle A via a roller 2 in a normal rotation direction or a reverse rotation direction, and the inner surface of the drum 3 is a spiral shape along the axial direction. The blade 9 is provided.

A fixed cover 4 is provided opposite to the rear opening 10 of the drum 3. As will be described later, a dust inlet 19 and a dust outlet 20 are formed in the fixed cover 4. A crusher is provided at the dust inlet, a hopper 6 provided with a chute 5 serving as a lid and a guide is provided facing the crusher, and a flow guide 7 is provided opposite the dust discharge port 20.

Thus, for example, a branch tree obtained by pruning a roadside tree is opened into the hopper 6 by opening the chute 5 and crushed into chips by a crushing machine, and then the blade 3 is rotated into the drum 3 from the input port while rotating the drum 3 forward. After being transported to a predetermined place, the dust housed via the drum 3 is rotated reversely, sent out to the opening window side by a blade, and discharged to the outside via the flow guide 7.

Hereinafter, the structure of each mechanism will be described in detail. A pair of rollers 2 is provided on the body frame 1 of the vehicle A, and a drum 3 is rotatably supported on the rollers 2 via a support ring 8. .

As is well known, the drum 3 is provided with a spiral blade 9 along the axial direction on its inner peripheral surface, and this blade 9 feeds the dust forward when the drum 3 rotates forward, and sends the dust backward when the drum 3 rotates backward. I have to.

In the center of the opening 10 at the rear of the drum 3, a seat pipe 12 having a blade 11 on the inner periphery is integrally provided. A bracket 13 that is orthogonal to the chassis 1 is fixed to the chassis 1, and an annular support frame 14 is fixed to the bracket 13 via brackets 15 and 15. The support frame 14 includes a frame body 14a having a U-shaped cross section divided into two parts.
A convex ring 16 formed at the rear portion of the drum 3 is fitted into the frame body 14a so as to be freely rotatable.

An annular seal 17 made of rubber or the like is fixed to the front outer surface of the frame body 14a via a stopper and an annular presser plate 18, so that dust in the drum 3 does not leak to the outside.

A plate-like fixed cover 4 facing the opening 10 of the drum 3 is fixed to the rear outer surface of the frame 14a through a stopper such as a bolt, and the opening 10 of the drum 3 is sealed with the fixed cover 4. .

A lower dust inlet 19, a left upper dust outlet 20, and an upper observation window 21 are formed in the fixed cover 4 and are opposed to the inside of the drum 3. The inspection window 21 is an opening for inspecting the inside of the drum 3 and is normally closed by a cap 22.

A frame body 24 having two upper and lower scrubbers 23 is inserted and coupled into the dust inlet 19, and a seal 26 supported by a pressing plate 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the frame body 24. Further, a crusher 29 provided with two upper and lower cutters 27, 28 at the rear of the scrubber 23.
Is arranged.

The crusher 29 includes a housing 30 and cutters 27 and 2 provided above and below the housing 30.
8 and a hydraulic motor 31 that rotationally drives the shafts of the cutters 27 and 28, and the housing 3
0 is fixed to the upper part of the body frame 1.

Further, a hopper 6 is provided behind the crusher 29 so as to face the crusher 29. For this reason, when the pruned branches and the like are manually pushed from the hopper 6 through the hopper 6 into the crusher 29, the cutters 27 and 28 of the crusher 29 crush the branches into chips and the scrubber 23 side. Then, the chips on the scrubber 23 are successively fed into the seat pipe 12 through the insertion port 19 and further accommodated while being compressed forward of the drum 3 by the blade 9 as the drum 3 rotates forward.

The hopper 6 is rotatable via a hinge 35 at a tapered tubular body 32, an opening 33 formed at the front of the tubular body 32, an opening 34 formed at the rear, and a lower rear end of the tubular body 32. And a chute 5 that also serves as a guide.

The flow guide 7 includes a rectangular frame 39 having an opening 38, a chute 40 provided at a lower portion of the frame 39 obliquely downward, and a housing 41 that covers and fixes the frame 39 and the chute 40. And a lid 43 for a viewing window provided at the upper part of the housing 41, and a lid 43 that also serves as a discharge chute via a hinge at the lower part of the housing 41.
Is provided.

The frame 39 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed cover 4, and the opening 38 is opened to the opening window 2 of the fixed cover 4.
It is made to face 0. As a result, the lid 43 is rotated downward through the hinge and opened, and when the drum 3 is reversed, dust such as chips in the drum 3 is pushed out by the blade 9, and the opening window 20 → the opening 38 → the chute 40. → It is discharged to the outside through the lid 43.

By the way, when branch trees etc. produced by pruning roadside trees are used as raw materials such as compost, the particle size is too large for the chips crushed by the crusher 29 of the garbage collector, so that the chips are processed by the garbage collector. Chips transported to the site and discharged from the garbage truck at the treatment site need to be further finely sheared by a dedicated crusher.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a crusher 2 that crushes dust into chips on a vehicle body frame 1 in order to provide a garbage collection vehicle that makes it easy to compost branch trees after the roadside trees are pruned.
9, a drum 3 for storing or discharging chips by forward and reverse rotation operations, a crusher (51) for further shearing the chips, and a chip discharged from the drum 3 by gravity to the crusher 51 Chip insertion means, and the chip discharged from the drum 3 is sent to the outside through the crusher 51 while being further finely sheared.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the refuse collection vehicle shown in FIG.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure part as the garbage truck shown in the said FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 are both mounted behind the drum 3 with respect to the garbage truck. The crusher 29 is installed on the upper part of the vehicle body frame 1 via the subframe 45 and is arranged so as to be substantially the same height as the dust inlet 19 provided at the rear part of the drum 3. The crusher 51 is suspended from the lower portion of the vehicle body frame 1 via the bracket 46 and is disposed below the dust discharge port 20 provided at the rear portion of the drum 3. Thereby, the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 can be mounted in a limited space located behind the drum 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the rear view of the garbage truck, the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 are offset from each other in the vehicle left-right direction. While the crusher 29 is arranged in the center of the vehicle,
The crusher 51 is disposed on the left side of the vehicle.

The crusher 29 includes rotor-like upper and lower cutters 27 and 28 that are rotatably housed in the housing 30. The upper and lower cutters 27 and 28 are arranged in parallel to each other and extend in the lateral direction of the vehicle, and rotate in conjunction with each other via gears 47 and 48.

A hydraulic motor 31 with a speed reducer that drives the crusher 29 is provided. This hydraulic motor 3
The output shaft 1 is coupled coaxially with the rotational axis of the lower cutter 28.

When the pruned branch tree or the like is manually pushed into the crusher 29 from the hopper 6 from the hopper 5, the crusher 29 rotates while the upper and lower cutters 27 and 28 are engaged with each other, whereby the branch tree is removed from the screvers 23 (see FIG. 2) and is sent to the dust inlet 19 of the drum 3. At this time, the drum 3 is rotating forward, and the chips sent to the dust inlet 19 are accommodated while being compressed forward in the drum 3.

The crusher 51 includes front and rear mills 53 and 54 that are rotatably accommodated in the housing 52 thereof. The front and rear mills 53 and 54 are arranged in parallel to each other and extend in the lateral direction of the vehicle.
5 and 56 to rotate in conjunction with each other. Thereby, the height of the crusher 51 can be ensured from the road surface, and the crusher 51 can be prevented from hitting protrusions on the road surface.

A hydraulic motor 57 with a speed reducer that drives the crusher 51 is provided. This hydraulic motor 5
The output shaft 7 is coupled coaxially with the rotational axis of the rear mill 54.

The crusher 51 has an input port 58 opened at the top of the housing 52 and a discharge port 59 opened at the bottom of the housing 52. When the chips are inserted from the insertion port 58, the crusher 51 rotates while the front and rear mills 53 and 54 are engaged with each other.
The chip is further finely sheared and discharged from the discharge port 59 to the outside.

As a chip insertion means for introducing chips discharged from the dust discharge port 20 of the drum 3 into the input port 58 of the crusher 51 by gravity, a chute 61 surrounding the dust discharge port 20 of the drum 3 and a position below the chute 61 are provided. The hopper 6 surrounding the inlet 58 of the crusher 51
2 is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the chute 61 is fixedly attached to the housing 41 of the flow guide 7. The chute 61 has a chute surface 63 extending inclined toward the hopper 62, and guides the chips discharged from the dust discharge port 20 to the hopper 62.

The chute 61 is a chute inclined door 65 that rotates along the chute surface 63 as a chip discharge direction switching means for switching the chip so as to be discharged outside the crusher 51.
And a stopper 66 for switching and holding the rotation position of the chute inclined door 65. The chute door 63 is rotatably connected to the housing 41 via a hinge 64.
The direction of the chips discharged through the chute surface 63 can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the inclination angle of the chute inclined door 65.

A plurality of stopper engaging portions 67 and 68 are provided on the back surface of the chute inclined door 65. When the stopper 66 is selectively engaged with the stopper engaging portions 67 and 68,
The chute inclined door 65 is held by switching its rotational position.

As a chip discharge direction switching means, a chute auxiliary door 71 is provided that rotates in opposition to the chute inclined door 65, and the chip discharged from the drum 3 passes between the chute inclined door 65 and the chute auxiliary door 71 to the outside. It is assumed that it is discharged. Chute auxiliary door 7
1 is rotatably connected to the housing 41 via a hinge 72 and is supported so as to be rotatable about a substantially vertical axis.

A folded portion 74 is formed at the lower end of the chute auxiliary door 71. This folded portion 7
4 contacts the rear surface of the tip of the chute inclined door 65 and locks the chute inclined door 65 in the closed position.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the state where the chute inclined door 65 and the chute auxiliary door 71 are held in the inclined position, the chip discharged from the dust outlet 20 is avoided as indicated by the white arrow in the figure. To the outside.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the dust discharge port 20 is closed in a state where the chute inclined door 65 and the chute auxiliary door 71 are held in the closed position via the lock 73. At this time,
The folded portion 74 of the chute auxiliary door 71 comes into contact with the rear end of the chute inclined door 65,
The chute inclined door 65 is locked in this closed position.

The chute inclined door 65 is held in the fully open position extending in the vertical direction, and the dust outlet 2
The chips discharged from 0 are guided to the inlet 58 of the crusher 51. At this time, by holding the chute auxiliary door 71 and the chute inclined door 65 so as to be substantially parallel to each other, the chip discharged from the dust discharge port 20 passes between the chute auxiliary door 71 and the chute inclined door 65 and is a hopper. 62 and is smoothly guided to the inlet 58 of the crusher 51.

FIG. 8 shows a hydraulic circuit that drives the drum 3, the crusher 29, and the crusher 51 as power transmission means for transmitting the engine power to the drum 3, the crusher 29, and the crusher 51.

To explain this, the first and second hydraulic pumps 76 and 77 are rotationally driven by the PTO shaft 75 of the engine.

The crusher 29 is driven by a hydraulic motor 31, and hydraulic oil discharged from the first hydraulic pump 76 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 31 via a direction switching valve 81. The position of the direction switching valve 81 is automatically switched according to the control signal of the controller 83, and the upper and lower cutters 27, 28 are rotated in both forward and reverse directions to stop.

The crusher 51 is driven by a hydraulic motor 57, and hydraulic oil discharged from the first hydraulic pump 76 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 57 via a direction switching valve 82. The position of the direction switching valve 82 is automatically switched according to the control signal of the controller 83, and the front and rear mills 53 and 54 are rotated in both forward and reverse directions to stop.

The drum 3 is driven by a hydraulic motor 75, and hydraulic oil discharged from the second hydraulic pump 77 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 75 via a direction switching valve 79. By manually switching the position of the direction switching valve 79, the drum 3 is rotated in both forward and reverse directions and stopped. The rotational speed of the drum 3 is adjusted by a flow control valve 80. The flow control valve 80 returns a part of the hydraulic oil discharged from the second hydraulic pump 77 to the tank side, and adjusts the amount of hydraulic oil led to the hydraulic motor 75.

The controller 83 receives a signal from the operation switch 84 and a signal from a sensor 85 that detects the amount of chips accumulated in the hopper 62 of the crusher 51, and the amount of chips accumulated in the hopper 62 falls within a predetermined range in accordance with these detection signals. In this way, the rotational speed of the drum 3 is controlled so that the discharge amount of the drum 3 does not continuously exceed the processing amount of the crusher 51 during the chip discharge processing for operating the crusher 51. Thereby, the chip | tip discharged | emitted from the drum 3 is supplied so that it may not overflow to the hopper 62 of the crusher 51, the process of the crusher 51 is performed without interruption, and chip | tip discharge | emission processing time can be shortened.

The controller 83 may control the rotation of the drum 3 to be turned ON / OFF so that the chips discharged from the drum 3 are supplied to the hopper 62 of the crusher 51 so as not to overflow.

The controller 83 may be configured to perform open control so that the discharge amount of the drum 3 does not continuously exceed the processing amount of the crusher 51 without using a sensor that detects the chip amount.

Since the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 are driven by the hydraulic motors 31 and 57, respectively, and the hydraulic oil discharged from the common first hydraulic pump 76 is guided to the hydraulic motors 31 and 57, the first hydraulic pump 76 Although both the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 are driven, the crusher 29 operates when the chip is inserted into the drum 3, while the crusher 51 operates when the chip is discharged. One hydraulic pump 76
A sufficient driving force can be obtained without increasing the size.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 9, power transmission means for transmitting engine power to each of the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 and rotation of the hydraulic motor 31 are transmitted to the crusher 29 and the rotation of the hydraulic motor 31 is decelerated. The configuration is such that it is transmitted to the crusher 51 via the gear mechanism 91.

The output shaft 90 of the hydraulic motor 31 is coaxially coupled to the rotary shaft 89 of the lower cutter 28 via a joint 88.

The reduction gear mechanism 91 is a drive gear 92 coupled to the output shaft 90 of the hydraulic motor 31.
And an idler gear 93 that meshes with the idler gear 93 and a driven gear 94 that meshes with the idler gear 93, and the rotary shaft 95 of the driven gear 94 is connected to the input shaft 9 of the crusher 51 via the joint 96.
7.

The reduction ratio of the reduction gear mechanism 91 is arbitrarily set, and the chips discharged from the drum 3 are supplied so as not to overflow into the hopper 62 of the crusher 51.

As a result, both the crusher 29 and the crusher 51 are driven by one hydraulic motor 31, but the crusher 29 operates when the chip is inserted into the drum 3, while the crusher 51
Is activated when the chip is discharged, so that the load on both is not increased at the same time.
A sufficient driving force can be obtained without increasing the size of 1.

Constructed as described above, the garbage truck, when carrying a branch tree etc. after debranching the roadside tree into the drum 3, rotates the drum 3 forward and operates the crusher 29 to remove the branch tree etc. It is fed into the drum while being crushed into chips via the crusher 29.

On the other hand, when the chips are discharged from the drum 3, the drum 3 is reversed and the crusher 5
1 is activated, and chips discharged from the drum 3 are put into the crusher 51 by gravity, and are sent out to the outside while being further finely sheared by the crusher 51.

As a result, it is possible to make the branches, etc., after the roadside trees are pruned by the garbage truck so that they can be composted easily, and the work of once throwing the chips discharged from the garbage truck into the crusher becomes unnecessary. , Increase work efficiency.

Since the chip discharge direction switching means for switching the chips so as to be discharged outside the crusher 51 is provided, the chips discharged from the dust discharge port 20 are input into the crusher 51 and the crusher 51 is avoided. Switching to the outside can be easily switched.

In a state where the chute inclined door 65 and the chute auxiliary door 71 are held in the inclined position, the chip discharged from the dust discharge port 20 is discharged outside the crusher 51 as indicated by the white arrow in FIG. At this time, the chute auxiliary door 71 prevents the chips discharged from the dust discharge port 20 from scattering to the front of the vehicle and narrows the chip discharge direction.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

The garbage truck according to the present invention can be used, for example, for making a branch tree after branching a road tree so that it can be easily composted, and for making other industrial wastes fine.

The perspective view of the garbage truck to which this invention is applied. Similarly, an exploded perspective view of a garbage truck. The side view of the garbage truck which shows embodiment of this invention. The rear view of a garbage truck. The chute etc. are also perspective views. A side view of the chute and the like. A front view of the chute and the like. Similarly hydraulic circuit diagram. Sectional drawing of a reduction gear mechanism etc. similarly.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body frame 3 Drum 7 Flow guide 19 Dust input port 20 Dust discharge port 29 Crusher 31 Hydraulic motor 51 Crusher 57 Hydraulic motor 61 Chute 65 Chute inclined door 66 Stopper 71 Chute auxiliary door

Claims (1)

In a garbage truck that collects and transports garbage,
A crusher that crushes the dust into chips on the body frame;
A drum that stores or discharges the chip by forward and reverse rotation;
A crusher that further shears the chip,
Chip feeding means for feeding chips discharged from the drum into the crusher by gravity ;
Chip discharge direction switching means for switching the chips discharged from the drum to be discharged outside the crusher is provided,
As the chip discharge direction switching means,
A chute surface for guiding the chip toward the crusher;
A chute inclined door that rotates along the chute surface,
A stopper for switching and holding the pivot position of the chute inclined door;
A chute auxiliary door that rotates opposite to the chute inclined door,
The chip discharged from the drum is configured to be discharged through between the chute inclined door and the chute auxiliary door,
A folded portion is formed at the lower end portion of the chute auxiliary door, and the folded portion abuts against the rear surface of the tip end portion of the chute inclined door and locks the chute inclined door in the closed position.
A garbage truck characterized by its construction .

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