CN107829393B

CN107829393B - Suction nozzle device and road cleaning equipment

Info

Publication number: CN107829393B
Application number: CN201711059911.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李亮; 滕新科; 张斌; 龙亮
Original assignee: Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-01
Filing date: 2017-11-01
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-01
Also published as: CN107829393A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road cleaning, and discloses a suction nozzle device and road cleaning equipment, wherein the suction nozzle device comprises a suction nozzle body and a crushing device arranged on the suction nozzle body; the suction nozzle body is provided with a suction nozzle cavity and at least one suction pipe communicated with the suction nozzle cavity; the suction nozzle body comprises a front baffle which is positioned in front of the suction nozzle cavity and can keep a certain distance with the ground; the comminution means is arranged to comminute refuse drawn into the suction nozzle chamber upstream of the airflow path of the at least one suction tube. The suction nozzle device provided by the invention has greatly improved suction capacity and crushing effect.

Description

Suction nozzle device and road cleaning equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of road cleaning, in particular to a suction nozzle device for road cleaning and road cleaning equipment.

Background

At present, the waste to be cleaned on the road comprises small-sized paper scraps, sand, cigarette ends, plastic bags and the like, and also comprises large-sized branches, leaves and other waste which need to be crushed. The former is usually completed by a suction nozzle device with an adsorption function, and the latter needs to crush waste such as branches and leaves with larger size before adsorption so as to avoid blocking an adsorption pipeline. In the prior art, two different types of suction nozzle devices are generally adopted to treat two different types of waste in a targeted manner, and the main reason is that the suction capacity of the suction nozzle device for crushing the waste is poor, so that the common small-size waste is difficult to adsorb and clean.

On the other hand, for the crushing of branches and leaves, the problem that the motor is burnt out due to the fact that the cutter is stuck due to the fact that the quantity of the branches and the leaves is large often occurs.

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a nozzle assembly that combines the suction capacity and the pulverizing effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems of poor suction capacity and poor crushing effect of a suction nozzle device in the prior art, and provides a suction nozzle device for road cleaning, which has good suction capacity and crushing effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a nozzle device for road cleaning, the nozzle device including a nozzle body and a pulverizing apparatus provided on the nozzle body;

the suction nozzle body is provided with a suction nozzle cavity and at least one suction pipe communicated with the suction nozzle cavity; the suction nozzle body comprises a front baffle which is positioned in front of the suction nozzle cavity and can keep a certain distance with the ground;

the comminution means is arranged to comminute refuse drawn into the suction nozzle chamber upstream of the suction tube in the airflow path of at least one of the suction tubes.

Preferably, the nozzle body includes: the suction nozzle plate, fix respectively first curb plate and the second curb plate at suction nozzle plate both ends and set up on the suction nozzle plate and follow first curb plate extends to the guide board of second curb plate, first curb plate the guide board second curb plate and preceding baffle connect gradually, and with the suction nozzle plate forms the suction nozzle cavity.

Preferably, the front baffle comprises a fixed plate fixed in front of the lower side of the suction nozzle plate and a sliding plate arranged in parallel with the fixed plate, the sliding plate can slide in a direction parallel to the fixed plate, and the closest distance of the sliding plate to the ground is smaller than that of the fixed plate to the ground.

Preferably, the fixing plate (14a) and the sliding plate (14b) are made of flexible materials with Shore hardness lower than 82 HD.

Preferably, the thickness of the fixing plate (14a) is 4.5mm-5.5mm, and the thickness of the sliding plate (14b) is 7.5mm-8.5 mm.

Preferably, the fixing plate has a notch at an edge near the ground, the notch being located in front of the crushing device.

Preferably, the suction pipe comprises a first suction pipe and a second suction pipe which are arranged on the suction nozzle plate, the crushing device is positioned on one side of the first suction pipe, and garbage to be crushed is crushed by the crushing device and then is sucked into the first suction pipe.

Preferably, the guide plate includes a first guide plate and a second guide plate connected to each other in a direction from the first side plate to the second side plate;

the first guide plate is positioned at one side of the first suction pipe and is used for guiding waste to the first suction pipe;

the second guide plate is positioned at one side of the second suction pipe and used for guiding the waste to the second suction pipe.

Preferably, the suction nozzle body further comprises a movable plate detachably disposed on the suction nozzle plate, and the first guide plate, the movable plate and the second side plate are sequentially connected to guide the garbage entering the suction nozzle chamber to be sucked into the first suction pipe.

Preferably, the crushing apparatus comprises: the crushing cutter assembly comprises a cover cap, a main shaft and a crushing cutter assembly arranged on the main shaft, wherein an opening is formed in the suction nozzle plate, the cover cap is arranged at the opening and communicated with a suction nozzle cavity, and the main shaft is rotatably arranged on the cover cap.

Preferably, the crushing cutter assembly comprises a plurality of cutter heads fixed on the main shaft, a blade shaft is arranged between two adjacent cutter heads, and blades are arranged on the blade shaft.

Preferably, the blade is rotatably disposed on the blade shaft.

Preferably, both ends of the blade are respectively provided with a mounting hole for connecting to the blade shaft, and both ends of the blade are provided with cutting edges.

Preferably, the edge of the blade is serrated.

Preferably, the nozzle device further includes a sealing plate detachably provided to the nozzle plate to close the opening.

In order to solve the above problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a road cleaning apparatus including the nozzle device of the present invention.

In the suction nozzle device provided by the invention, the front baffle is arranged in front of the suction nozzle cavity, so that the airtightness of the suction nozzle cavity relative to the ground is improved, and the suction capacity is greatly improved; on the other hand, the suction nozzle device can be used for sucking and picking up the garbage needing to be crushed, so that the suction nozzle device can have good sucking and picking-up capacity and crushing effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a nozzle assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the suction nozzle assembly of FIG. 1 with the size reduction assembly and movable plate removed;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the shredder replaced with a closure plate according to FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the comminution apparatus along the main axis;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane B-B in fig. 5, in which the cover is hidden.

Description of the reference numerals

10-a suction nozzle body; 11-a nozzle plate; 12-a guide plate; 12 a-a first guiding plate; 12 b-a second guide plate; 13 a-a first side panel; 13 b-a second side panel; 14 a-a fixed plate; 14 b-a sled; 15 a-first straw; 15 b-a second straw; 16-a movable plate; 17-a roller; 18-a mouthpiece cavity;

20-a crushing device; 21-a drive member; 22-a cover; 23-a main shaft; 24-a cutter head; 25-a blade; 26-a blade shaft; 27-bearing seat.

Detailed Description

The core idea of the invention is to improve the suction effect of the suction nozzle device in the road cleaning device, and to enable the suction nozzle device to meet the suction requirement of various wastes on the premise. Therefore, the front baffle is arranged in front of the suction nozzle cavity to improve the sealing performance of the suction nozzle cavity relative to the ground, thereby improving the suction effect. The front baffle is at a certain distance from the ground to reserve the space for garbage to enter the cavity of the suction nozzle. It should be noted that the front is the direction of travel of the road cleaning apparatus, i.e. the position where the refuse enters the suction nozzle chamber.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a suction nozzle device, including: a nozzle body 10 and a crushing device 20 arranged on the nozzle body 10; the crushing device 20 can be detachably connected to the nozzle body 10 so as to be easily removed when cleaning garbage which does not need to be crushed, and of course, the crushing device 20 may not be removed when cleaning garbage which does not need to be crushed, but only the crushing device 20 is not operated, and a person skilled in the art can reasonably make a selection whether to remove the crushing device 20 according to actual working conditions.

The nozzle body 10 has a nozzle cavity 18 and at least one suction tube communicating with the nozzle cavity 18; wherein the bottom of the nozzle chamber 18 is open, and during operation of the nozzle device, the open position of the nozzle chamber 18 is attached to the ground and picks up the trash on the ground by the suction airflow of the suction tube. The suction nozzle body 10 is provided with a roller 17 for walking along the ground.

The inventors have found that the suction capacity of the nozzle device is mainly determined by the sealing of the nozzle chamber 18 with respect to the ground, and that the higher the sealing of the nozzle chamber 18 with respect to the ground, the better the suction effect, and the worse the sealing, the worse the suction effect. In order to improve the tightness of the suction nozzle cavity 18 relative to the ground, the inventor arranges a front baffle in front of the suction nozzle cavity 18, wherein the front baffle is a part of the suction nozzle body 10, is positioned in front of the suction nozzle cavity 18 and can keep a certain distance with the ground so as to leave a space for garbage to enter the suction nozzle cavity 18. The comminution means 20 is arranged to comminute the refuse drawn into the nozzle chamber 18 upstream of at least one suction tube in the airflow path of the suction tube. For example, the comminution apparatus 20 can be arranged in front of one of the suction pipes, as shown in fig. 1. It should be noted that the distance is not limited to a specific value, and those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the distance according to the specific design requirement. The front baffle can effectively improve the tightness of the suction nozzle cavity 18 relative to the ground, thereby ensuring stronger suction capacity.

The front baffle may take various suitable forms as long as the airtightness of the nozzle chamber 18 can be enhanced in front of the nozzle chamber 18. Further, the front baffle may include a fixed plate 14a fixed in front of the lower side of the nozzle plate 11 and a sliding plate 14b arranged in parallel with the fixed plate 14a, the sliding plate 14b being capable of sliding in a direction parallel to the fixed plate 14a, and the closest distance of the sliding plate 14b to the ground being smaller than the closest distance of the fixed plate 14a to the ground. When the suction nozzle device is used for cleaning dust and other small garbage, the detachable crushing device 20 can be detached, the sliding plate 14b can slide to a position lower than the fixed plate 14a, the sealing performance of the suction nozzle cavity 18 relative to the ground is mainly adjusted by the sliding plate 14b in real time, when large-particle garbage is encountered, the sliding plate 14b is properly improved, so that the large-particle garbage can smoothly enter the suction nozzle cavity 18, when small particles are encountered, the sliding plate 14b naturally slides downwards under the action of gravity, and the sealing performance is improved.

Wherein, the material of the fixed plate (14a) and the sliding plate (14b) is a flexible material with shore hardness lower than 82HD, for example: a polyurethane rubber. Therefore, in the process of carrying out the suction operation of the suction nozzle device, the fixed plate (14a) and the sliding plate (14b) deform to a certain degree to play a role of buffering, thereby ensuring better suction effect. Further, the thickness of the fixing plate (14a) is 4.5mm-5.5mm, preferably: 5 mm; the thickness of the sliding plate (14b) is 7.5mm-8.5mm, preferably 8 mm.

Wherein, in order to make the garbage enter the suction nozzle chamber 18 more smoothly, the fixed plate 14a and the sliding plate 14b are inclined at a certain angle with respect to the ground, as shown in fig. 4.

Preferably, the fixed plate 14a has a notch at the edge near the ground, which is located in front of the crushing device 20. When cleaning large-sized garbage such as branches and leaves, the branches and leaves can more easily enter the suction nozzle cavity 18 through the gap, and the position without the gap is used for keeping the suction nozzle cavity 18 relatively high in tightness with respect to the ground.

Furthermore, the crushing device 20 is located at one side of any one of the suction pipes, and the garbage to be crushed is crushed by the crushing device 20 and then is sucked into the corresponding suction pipe. The garbage to be crushed mainly comprises tree branches and leaves, and the crushing device 20 can be closed for roads without the garbage to be crushed. In order to further improve the suction capacity, when cleaning a road where the garbage is not to be crushed, the crushing apparatus 20 may be removed, and the opening after the removal of the crushing apparatus 20 may be closed by the closing plate 30, specifically, the closing plate 30 may be detachably provided at the installation position of the crushing apparatus 20.

Specifically, the nozzle body 10 further includes: the suction nozzle comprises a suction nozzle plate 11, a first side plate 13a and a second side plate 13b which are respectively fixed at two ends of the suction nozzle plate 11, and a guide plate 12 which is arranged on the suction nozzle plate 11 and extends from the first side plate 13a to the second side plate 13b, wherein the first side plate 13a, the guide plate 12, the second side plate 13b and a front baffle are sequentially connected, and form a suction nozzle cavity 18 with the suction nozzle plate 11. Therefore, the suction nozzle cavity 18 is maintained at the upper part, the left side, the right side and the front side of the suction nozzle cavity 18, so that the airtightness of the suction nozzle cavity 18 relative to the ground is obviously improved, and the suction capacity is further improved.

The nozzle plate 11, the first side plate 13a and the second side plate 13b may be flat plate structures, and the nozzle plate 11 is provided with an opening for mounting the crushing device 20 or the sealing plate 30.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the suction pipe includes a first suction pipe 15a and a second suction pipe 15b provided on the nozzle plate 11, and the crushing device 20 is located at one side of the first suction pipe 15a, and allows garbage to be crushed to be sucked into the first suction pipe 15a after being crushed by the crushing device 20.

Specifically, the guide plate 12 includes a first guide plate 12a and a second guide plate 12b that are connected to each other in a direction from the first side plate 13a to the second side plate 13 b; the first guide plate 12a and the second guide plate 12b are respectively in a V-shaped structure, and the structure can enable garbage to be gathered into the first suction pipe 15a and the second suction pipe 15b along two sides of the V-shaped structure. Of course, those skilled in the art may change the structure of other types according to the specific design requirement without departing from the principle of the structure, such as: stepped, arc-shaped, etc.

Specifically, the first guide plate 12a is positioned at a side of the first suction pipe 15a for guiding the waste to the first suction pipe 15 a; the second guide plate 12b is positioned at a side of the second suction pipe 15b for guiding the waste to the second suction pipe 15 b.

Based on the requirement of crushing the large-sized garbage such as branches and leaves, the suction nozzle body 10 of the present embodiment further includes a movable plate 16 detachably disposed on the suction nozzle plate 11, and the first guide plate 12a, the movable plate 16 and the second side plate 13b are sequentially connected to guide substantially all of the garbage entering the suction nozzle chamber 18 to the first suction pipe 15 a. Referring to fig. 1, when large-sized garbage such as branches and leaves is crushed, the branches and leaves need to be crushed before being sucked into the first suction pipe 15a, and the crushing operation is completed by the crushing device 20, for this reason, before the cleaning operation, the movable plate 16 is firstly arranged on the nozzle plate 11 and the crushing device 20 is installed, so that the garbage is completely moved to the position of the crushing device 20 during the cleaning operation, and then the garbage enters the first suction pipe 15a after the crushing operation is completed. When cleaning small-particle garbage such as dust, the movable plate 16 and the crushing device 20 can be removed (of course, the crushing device 20 may not be removed, and the movable plate 16 may not be removed), and the sealing plate 30 is installed at the installation position of the crushing device 20 to fill the opening on the nozzle plate 11, at this time, the first suction pipe 15a and the second suction pipe 15b can perform cleaning and suction operations simultaneously.

In the present invention, the crushing apparatus 20 may be of any appropriate form as long as it can crush garbage to be crushed. Specifically, the present embodiment provides the following structural form of the crushing apparatus 20, and referring to fig. 3, the crushing apparatus 20 specifically includes: a cover 22, a main shaft 23 and a crushing cutter component arranged on the main shaft 23, wherein the cover 22 is detachably arranged on the suction nozzle body 10 and is communicated with the suction nozzle chamber 18, and the main shaft 23 is rotatably arranged on the cover 22 through two bearing seats 27. The shredding cutter assembly rotates about the main shaft 23 and twists the tree branches and leaves into the shroud 22, shredding the tree branches and leaves under the cutting and twisting action of the shredding cutter assembly, the direction of rotation of the shredding cutter assembly being as shown in figure 3.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the shredder cutter assembly includes a plurality of cutter heads 24 secured to a main shaft 23, with a blade axle 26 disposed between adjacent cutter heads 24, and with blades 25 disposed on the blade axle 26. A plurality of blade shafts 26 parallel to each other may be circumferentially arranged between adjacent cutter discs 24, and a plurality of blades 25 may be provided on each blade shaft 26, and the plurality of blades 25 may be aligned or staggered in the axial direction of the blade shaft 26.

In addition, to avoid jamming of the shredding cutter assembly, the blades 25 are rotatably mounted on said blade shafts 26.

Further, in order to fully utilize the blade 25, two ends of the blade 25 are respectively provided with a mounting hole, and two ends of the blade 25 are provided with cutting edges, wherein one mounting hole is sleeved on the blade shaft 26. When one end of the blade 25 is worn, the mounting hole is replaced, thereby allowing the other end to perform a crushing operation. In order to enhance the pulverizing ability, the edge of the blade 25 is optionally provided with a saw-toothed shape.

In addition, the main shaft 23 of the crushing device 20 can be driven to rotate by various suitable driving components, preferably, the selected driving component is the hydraulic motor 21, the hydraulic motor 21 has the overload prevention capability, and even if the phenomenon of blocking occurs, the hydraulic motor 21 can automatically discharge the hydraulic oil through a relief valve without damaging the hydraulic motor.

In addition, the suction nozzle device provided by the present embodiment is generally applied to road cleaning equipment, for example: a road sweeper. Due to the suction nozzle device, the suction capacity and the crushing effect are greatly improved.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.

Claims

1. A nozzle device, characterized in that the nozzle device comprises a nozzle body (10) and a crushing device (20) arranged on the nozzle body (10);

the suction nozzle body (10) is provided with a suction nozzle cavity (18) and at least two suction pipes communicated with the suction nozzle cavity (18); the suction nozzle body (10) comprises a front baffle which is positioned at the front side of the suction nozzle cavity (18) and can keep a distance with the ground and adjust the distance;

the comminution means (20) is arranged to comminute refuse drawn into the nozzle chamber (18) upstream of the suction tube in the airflow path of the suction tube;

the suction pipe comprises a first suction pipe (15a) and a second suction pipe (15b) which are arranged on the suction nozzle plate (11), the crushing device (20) is positioned on one side of the first suction pipe (15a), and garbage to be crushed is crushed by the crushing device (20) and then is sucked into the first suction pipe (15 a);

the suction nozzle body (10) comprises a suction nozzle plate (11), the front baffle comprises a fixing plate (14a) fixed in front of the lower side of the suction nozzle plate (11) and a sliding plate (14b) arranged in parallel with the fixing plate (14a), and the fixing plate (14a) and the sliding plate (14b) are made of flexible materials with Shore hardness lower than 82 HD.

2. A nozzle arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle body (10) comprises: fix respectively first curb plate (13a) and second curb plate (13b) and the setting at mouthpiece board (11) both ends are in on mouthpiece board (11) and follow first curb plate (13a) extend to guide board (12) of second curb plate (13b), first curb plate (13a) guide board (12) second curb plate (13b) and preceding baffle connect gradually, and with mouthpiece board (11) form suction nozzle cavity (18).

3. A nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide plate (14b) is slidable in a direction parallel to the fixed plate (14a), and that the closest distance of the slide plate (14b) to the ground is smaller than the closest distance of the fixed plate (14a) to the ground.

4. A nozzle device according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness of the fixing plate (14a) is 4.5-5.5 mm and the thickness of the sliding plate (14b) is 7.5-8.5 mm.

5. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing plate (14a) has a notch at the edge near the floor, which notch is located in front of the comminuting device (20).

6. A nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide plate (12) comprises a first guide plate (12a) and a second guide plate (12b) which are interconnected in a direction from the first side plate (13a) to the second side plate (13 b);

the first guide plate (12a) is positioned at one side of the first suction pipe (15a) for guiding the waste to the first suction pipe (15 a);

the second guide plate (12b) is located at a side of the second suction pipe (15b) for guiding the waste to the second suction pipe (15 b).

7. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that said nozzle body (10) further comprises a movable plate (16) detachably arranged to said nozzle plate (11), said first guide plate (12a), said movable plate (16) and said second side plate (13b) being connected in sequence to guide the refuse entering said nozzle chamber (18) to be sucked into said first suction duct (15 a).

8. A nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that the comminution means (20) comprise: the crushing cutter assembly comprises a cover cap (22), a main shaft (23) and a crushing cutter assembly arranged on the main shaft (23), wherein an opening is formed in the suction nozzle plate (11), the cover cap (22) is arranged at the opening and communicated with the suction nozzle cavity (18), and the main shaft (23) is rotatably arranged on the cover cap (22).

9. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that said shredding cutter assembly comprises a plurality of cutter discs (24) secured to said main shaft (23), a blade shaft (26) being disposed between adjacent cutter discs (24), said blade shaft (26) having blades (25) disposed thereon.

10. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that said blade (25) is rotatably arranged on said blade axle (26).

11. A nozzle device according to claim 9, characterized in that the blade (25) has mounting holes for connection to the blade shaft (26) at each end, and the blade (25) has cutting edges at both ends.

12. Suction nozzle arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the edge of the blade (25) is serrated.

13. A nozzle arrangement as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a closure plate (30) removably arranged to the nozzle plate (11) to close the opening.

14. A road cleaning apparatus, characterized by comprising a suction nozzle device according to any one of claims 1-13.