JP4285888B2 - Swing type double-side polishing machine - Google Patents

Swing type double-side polishing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4285888B2
JP4285888B2 JP2000158493A JP2000158493A JP4285888B2 JP 4285888 B2 JP4285888 B2 JP 4285888B2 JP 2000158493 A JP2000158493 A JP 2000158493A JP 2000158493 A JP2000158493 A JP 2000158493A JP 4285888 B2 JP4285888 B2 JP 4285888B2
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Prior art keywords
polishing
workpiece
swing
tank
surface plates
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JP2001334459A (en
Inventor
守 駿 二 箱
谷 昭 彦 山
崎 紀 行 寺
山 仁 志 長
野 憲 明 水
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SpeedFam Co Ltd
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SpeedFam Co Ltd
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  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体ウエハやガラス基板等の実質的に円板形をしたワークの両面を研磨するための装置に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、ワークより小径の2つの研磨用定盤を使用して該定盤とワークとを相対的に揺動させながら研磨する揺動式の両面研磨装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ワークより小径の2つの定盤を使用して該ワークの両面を研磨する両面研磨装置は、例えば特開平10−80861号公報や特開平10−217113号公報等に記載されているように公知である。これらの研磨装置は、図8及び図9に原理的に示すように、外周を複数の支持ローラー3で回転自在に支持された円板形ワーク1の両面に、該ワーク1の半径とほぼ等しい直径を持つ2つの定盤2,2を一端寄りの位置で押し付け、上記ワーク1を一部の支持ローラーか又はその他の駆動ローラー4で強制的に回転させながら、該ワーク1の両面を回転する2つの定盤2,2で研磨するものである。
【0003】
このような研磨装置は、大径のワーク1を小径の定盤2,2を使用して研磨することができるため、半導体ウエハの大径化と共に研磨装置の大形化が避けられなくなって来た近年では、小形の研磨装置で大径の半導体ウエハを研磨できるものとして注目されつつある。
【0004】
ところが、本発明者らが行った実験によると、このように小径の定盤を大径のワークの一端寄りの位置に押し付けて研磨する方法は、両者が常に一定の位置関係を保ったまま摺接するため、ワークの半径方向の各点において定盤との摺接長さに差が生じ、半径方向に凸形の部分と凹形の部分とが交互に形成されて均一な平坦度が得られにくいということが分かった。
【0005】
一方、特開平11−291165号公報には、小径の定盤をワークの径方向に往復動させながら研磨する方式について記載されている。このような方式によれば、ワークの半径方向の各点に摺接長の差が生じるのを防止することができるため、上述した研磨むらの問題を解消することができるものと考えられる。
【0006】
ところが上記方式を用いた従来の研磨装置は、2つの定盤にそれぞれ個別の往復動用ガイドを取り付け、これらの往復動用ガイドで2つの定盤を同期的に往復動させるようにしているため、2組の往復動用ガイドを必要とし、これらの往復動用ガイドの組み込みによって装置が大形化すると共に、装置全体の構造も複雑化し、しかも、これら2組の往復動用ガイドを同期的に駆動するための複雑で高価な制御機構を必要とするという欠点があった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の技術的課題は、ワークより小径の2つの定盤により該ワークの両面を研磨する両面研磨装置において、上記ワークと定盤とを1つの簡単な揺動機構によって相対的に揺動させることができるようにすることにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明の両面研磨装置は、円板形ワークの外周に当接して該ワークを中心軸線の回りに回転自在に支持する複数の支持ローラーと、上記ワークの両面を端部寄りの位置で研磨する該ワークより小径の相対する一対の研磨用定盤と、これらの定盤から延びる駆動軸と、該駆動軸を介して各定盤を駆動回転させるモーターと、上記ワークと定盤とをワークの半径方向に相対的に揺動させる1組の揺動機構とを有し、上記揺動機構が、研磨装置の機体に取り付けられてワークの半径に沿う方向に延びるリニアガイドと、該リニアガイドに沿って移動自在の揺動テーブルと、該揺動テーブルを上記リニアガイドに沿って往復揺動させるテーブル駆動手段とを有していて、上記揺動テーブルに上記各支持ローラー又は一対の定盤が、該揺動テーブルと一緒に揺動するように支持されている揺動式両面研磨装置において、上記研磨装置が、上記ワーク及び定盤の回りを取り囲む研磨槽を備えることにより、該研磨槽内においてワークを研磨するように構成され、該研磨槽に上記各支持ローラーが取り付られると共に、該研磨槽と該研磨槽を貫通して槽外に延出する少なくとも一方の定盤の駆動軸とが、シール状態で相対的に移動自在なるように関係付けられ、これらの研磨槽又は定盤の何れかが上記揺動テーブルに支持されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0009】
上記構成を有する本発明の両面研磨装置において、2つの定盤によるワークの研磨中に、テーブル駆動手段で揺動テーブルをリニアガイドに沿って往復移動させることにより、上記ワークと定盤とを該ワークの半径方向に相対的に揺動させることができる。この場合、1組の揺動機構だけを設け、この揺動機構の揺動テーブルに各支持ローラーか又は一対の定盤を支持させるようにしているため、2組の往復動用ガイドで2つの定盤を個別にかつ同期的に揺動させる従来方式に比べ、研磨装置の小形化と構造の簡略化とを図ることができるばかりでなく、2組の往復動用ガイドを同期的に駆動するための複雑で高価な制御機構も必要なく、簡単で安価な研磨装置を得ることができる。
【0011】
本発明の好ましい実施形態によれば、上記 研磨槽を揺動テーブルに連結することにより、該研磨槽を介してワークを揺動させるように構成されている。
【0012】
本発明の研磨装置には、ワークの外周エッジを研磨するためのエッジ研磨機構を付設することができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。図1及び図2には本発明に係る両面研磨装置の第1実施例が示されている。この研磨装置10Aは、鉛直な中心軸線の回りに回転自在に支持された円板形のワークWの両面を、その半径方向一端寄りの相対する位置において、鉛直な中心軸線の回りに駆動回転される上下一対の研磨用定盤11a,11bで研磨すると共に、上記ワークWの面取り加工された外周エッジを、エッジ研磨機構12で研磨するように構成されたもので、その具体的構成は次のとおりである。
【0014】
上記研磨装置10Aは、種々の断面形状の型材を組み合わて形成された機体13を有し、この機体13に、上述した上下一対の定盤11a,11bが支持されている。これらの定盤11a,11bは、金属製又はセラミック製の基板の表面全体に研磨パッドを貼着したもので、その直径が、ワークWの半径よりは大きいが直径よりは小さく形成されている。好ましくは、ワークWの半径とほぼ同じか又はそれより僅かに大きい直径とすることである。
【0015】
上記2つの定盤11a,11bのうち下方に位置する第1定盤11aは、下向きに延びる駆動軸15aを有し、この駆動軸15aが機体13に固定された支持部材16に回転自在に支持されると共に、該支持部材16に取り付けられた駆動用のモーター17に連結され、このモーター17により定位置で駆動回転されるようになっている。
【0016】
また、上方に位置する第2定盤11bは、上向きに延びる駆動軸15bを有していて、この駆動軸15bが支持部材19に回転自在に支持されると共に、該支持部材19に取り付けられた駆動用のモーター20に連結されて該モーター20で駆動回転されるようになっており、さらに、上記支持部材19が定盤昇降機構21に支持されることにより、この定盤昇降機構21で昇降させられるようにもなっている。
【0017】
上記定盤昇降機構21は、機体13上に立設された支持フレーム23と、この支持フレーム23に固定的に取り付けられて鉛直方向に延びるレール状のリニアガイド24と、このリニアガイド24に沿って移動自在のスライドテーブル25と、該スライドテーブル25を上記リニアガイド24に沿って昇降させる駆動手段26とで構成されている。この駆動手段26はエアシリンダーにより構成されていて、ワークWの搬入時や搬出時に上記第2定盤11bを上下動させたり、研磨時に第2定盤11bを加圧することによって両定盤11a,11bに所要の加工圧を発生させたりするものである。従ってこの駆動手段26は、両定盤を必要な加工圧でワークWに押し付けるための加圧手段をも兼ねるものである。
【0018】
上記機体13にはまた、ワークWに隣接する位置に、該ワークWの面取り加工された外周エッジを研磨するための上記エッジ研磨機構12が設けられている。このエッジ研磨機構12は、鉛直軸線の回りに駆動回転される円筒形のエッジ研磨ドラム29を有していて、この研磨ドラム29の外周面の研磨パッドでワークWの外周エッジを研磨するものである。このエッジ研磨ドラム29は、下向きに延びるドラム軸29aを有し、このドラム軸29aが支持部材30に回転自在に支持されると共に、該支持部材30に取り付けられた駆動用のモーター31にクラッチ32を介して切り離し自在に連結されており、また、上記支持部材30がドラム昇降機構33に支持されることにより、ワークとの接触位置を変えるためにこのドラム昇降機構33で昇降自在となっている。上記研磨ドラムの外周面にはワークWの外周部が密に嵌合する研磨用の溝を複数本設け、これらの溝を選択的に使用してワークの外周エッジを研磨することもできる。
【0019】
上記ドラム昇降機構33は、機体13に回転自在に取り付けられて鉛直方向に延びるボールねじ34と、このボールねじ34に螺合してその回転により該ボールねじ34に沿って上下動するナット部材35と、上記ボールねじ34を回転させるモーター36とを有するもので、上記ナット部材35が上記支持部材30に結合されている。従ってこの構成により、上記ボールねじ34を駆動してナット部材35を昇降させることで、上記支持部材30すなわちエッジ研磨ドラム29をこのナット部材35と一緒に昇降させることができる。
【0020】
上記ワークWの研磨領域には、該ワークWと上記定盤11a,11b及びエッジ研磨ドラム29の回りを取り囲むように研磨槽39が設けられ、この研磨槽39の中でワークWの研磨が行われるようになっている。この研磨槽39はほぼ矩形に近い平面形状をしていて、その内部が深さの浅い第1部分39aと深さの深い第2部分39bとに区画され、第1部分39aに上記ワークWと上下の定盤11a,11bとが収容されると共に、第2部分39bに上記エッジ研磨ドラム29が収容されている。そして、第1定盤11aの駆動軸15aは、上記第1部分39aで研磨槽39の槽底をシール状態に貫通して槽外に延出し、またエッジ研磨ドラム29のドラム軸29aは、第2部分39bで同様に槽底をシール状態に貫通して槽外に延出し、それぞれモーターに連結されている。
【0021】
上記研磨槽39の内部には、上記ワークWの外周に接触して該ワークWを軸線の回りに回転自在に支持する複数の支持ローラー40が取り付けられている。これらの支持ローラー40は、それぞれアーム41の先端に回転自在なるように支持されていて、各アーム41が研磨槽39の槽底に取り付けられている。これらの支持ローラー40は、その少なくとも一部が、ワークWの搬入時や搬出時にその作業の邪魔にならないように、アーム41の旋回又は移動等によって非支持位置に変移できるようになっていることが望ましい。また、上記支持ローラー40は、外周にワークが嵌合する溝を備えた溝付きローラーであっても良い。
【0022】
上記研磨槽39とエッジ研磨ドラム29とは、共通の揺動機構43に取り付けられていて、この揺動機構43で一緒に揺動されるようになっており、この研磨槽39の揺動により、上記支持ローラー40に支持されたワークWが、図2に示すように、その中心O1 と定盤11a,11bの中心O2 とを結ぶ直線Lに沿って半径方向に揺動するようになっている。
【0023】
上記揺動機構43は、機体13に水平に取り付けられてワークWの半径(直線L)に沿う方向に延びるレール状のリニアガイド44と、該リニアガイド44に沿って移動自在の揺動テーブル45と、該揺動テーブル45を上記リニアガイド44に沿って往復揺動させるテーブル駆動手段46とを有するもので、上記揺動テーブル45上に上記研磨槽39とエッジ研磨機構12の支持部材30とが取り付けられている。従って、上記揺動テーブル45を駆動手段46で揺動させることにより、上記研磨槽39を介してワークWが所定のストローク揺動させられ、それと一緒に研磨ドラム29も揺動する。この場合、上記2つの定盤11a,11bは揺動しないため、研磨槽39と該研磨槽39の槽底を貫通して外部に延出している上記第2定盤11bの駆動軸15bとは、シール状態のまま相対的に移動できるように関係付けられている。
【0024】
上記テーブル駆動手段46は、機体13に回転自在に取り付けられて上記リニアガイド44と平行に延びるボールねじ47と、このボールねじ47に螺合してその回転により該ボールねじ47に沿って前後進するナット部材48と、上記ボールねじ47を回転させるモーター49とを有するもので、上記ナット部材48が上記揺動テーブル45に結合されている。従って、上記ボールねじ47を駆動してナット部材48を前後動させることで、上記揺動テーブル45を介して研磨槽39及びワークWをゆっくりと揺動させることができる。
【0025】
上記構成を有する両面研磨装置10Aにおいて、各支持ローラー40に支持されたワークWには、2つの定盤11a,11bによる上下両面の研磨と、エッジ研磨ドラム29による外周エッジの研磨とが施される。この場合、両方の研磨を同時に行っても、前後に時間をずらして別々に行っても良いが、ここでは外周エッジの研磨を先に行い、両面の研磨を後から行う場合について説明する。また、上記研磨を行う場合、加工部分には研磨液が供給されるが、この研磨液の供給機構については公知の機構が用いられているため、図示は省略されている。
【0026】
上記外周エッジの研磨に当たっては、上下2つの定盤11a,11bがワークWの中心部に同心状に当接するように上記揺動機構43で該ワークWの位置を調整し、その位置で両定盤11a,11bを互いに同じ方向に等速で回転させることにより、ワークWを回転させる。従ってこのエッジの研磨時には、上記2つの定盤11a,11bがワークWの駆動手段となる。そして、ワークWの外周に当接する上記エッジ研磨ドラム29をモーター31で駆動回転させることにより、該ワークWの外周エッジを研磨する。このとき、研磨ドラム29の回転方向はワークWの回転方向と同じであっても逆であっても良いが、逆方向に回転させる場合、つまり互いに摺接する外周部分の回転方向が同じである場合は、研磨ドラム29又はワークWのどちらかを他方より十分早い速度で回転させることが望ましい。
なお、このエッジの研磨時にワークWを回転させる場合、上述した例では、2つの定盤11a,11bをワークWの中心部に同心状に当接させているが、ワークの一端寄りの位置に偏心状態に押し付けて従動的に駆動回転させることもできる。
【0027】
上記外周エッジの研磨が終わると、クラッチ32を開放してドラム軸29aをモーター31から切り離し、エッジ研磨ドラム29をフリー回転できるようにする。そして、上記揺動機構43でワークWを移動させてその一端寄りの位置に2つの定盤11a,11bを偏心状態に当接させ、その位置で両定盤11a,11bを回転させることにより該ワークの両面の研磨を行う。このときワークWは、定盤11a,11bとの間の摩擦力で一定方向に従動回転しながら各定盤に摺接して研磨される。そしてさらに、上記テーブル駆動手段46で揺動テーブル45従って研磨槽39をリニアガイド44に沿ってゆっくり往復移動させることにより、この研磨槽39内の支持ローラー40に支持された上記ワークWを定盤11a,11bに対して半径方向に揺動させる。このとき研磨ドラム29も一緒に揺動する。これによりワークWと2つの定盤11a,11bとは、該ワークWの半径方向に相対的に位置を変えながら摺接するため、該ワークWの半径方向の各点における摺接長がほぼ均一化され、表面全体が均一に加工されることになる。
このワークの両面研磨時には、該ワークWが両定盤11a,11bに摺接しながら従動回転するため、これらのワークWと両定盤11a,11bとは互いに偏心状態を維持している必要があり、このため上記ワークWの揺動は、該ワークWと両定盤11a,11bとが同心位置を占めない範囲内で行われる。
【0028】
上記両面の研磨時にワークWに別の回転力を加える必要がある場合は、上記エッジ研磨ドラム29をクラッチ32によりモーター31に接続し、回転させることにより、このエッジ研磨ドラム29でワークWを強制的に回転させることができる。あるいは、このように研磨ドラム29でワークWを回転させる必要がない場合には、この研磨ドラム29をワークWから離間させておいても良い。この場合には、該研磨ドラム29をワークWに対して接離自在なるように構成しておく必要がある。
【0029】
かくして、上記ワークWと両定盤11a,11bとを該ワークWの半径方向に相対的に揺動させながら研磨することにより、該ワークWの両面を精度良い平面に仕上げることができる。しかも、研磨装置10Aに1組の揺動機構43だけを設け、この揺動機構43でワークWと2つの定盤11a,11bとを相対的に揺動させるようにしているため、2組の往復動用ガイドで2つの定盤11a,11bを個別にかつ同期的に揺動させる従来方式に比べ、研磨装置の小形化と構造の簡略化とを図ることができるばかりでなく、2組の往復動用ガイドを同期的に駆動するための複雑で高価な制御機構も必要なくなる。
【0030】
図3及び図4は本発明の第2実施例を示すもので、この第2実施例の研磨装置10Bが上記第1実施例と異なる点は、第1実施例ではワークWを揺動させるように構成しているのに対し、この第2実施例では、上下2つの定盤11a,11bを揺動させるように構成している点である。
【0031】
即ち、研磨槽39とエッジ研磨機構12とが機体13の定位置に固定され、上下2つの定盤11a,11bが1組の揺動機構50に支持されている。この揺動機構50は、機体13に水平に取り付けられてワークWの半径に沿う方向に延びるレール状のリニアガイド51と、このリニアガイド51に沿って移動自在の揺動テーブル52と、該揺動テーブル52を上記リニアガイド51に沿って往復揺動させるテーブル駆動手段53とを有し、上記揺動テーブル52に下方の第1定盤11a及びモーター17を支持する支持部材16と、上方の第2定盤11b及び定盤昇降機構21を支持する支持フレーム23とが載置されている。従って、上記揺動テーブル52を駆動手段53で揺動させることにより、2つの定盤11a,11bをワークWの半径方向に揺動させることができる。
【0032】
第2実施例の上記以外の構成及び作用については実質的に第1実施例と同じであるから、主要な同一構成部分に第1実施例と同じ符号を付してその説明は省略する。
【0033】
上記各実施例では、第1定盤11aと第2定盤11bとが互いに同じ大きさを有しているが、それらは必ずしも同じ大きさである必要はなく、図5に示すように何れか一方、例えば第2定盤11bを第1定盤11aより小さくすることもできる。このように一方の定盤を小径とした場合には、その側からのワークWの搬入及び搬出作業が容易になる。
【0034】
また、上記各実施例では、ワークW及び定盤11a,11bを水平に配置してそれぞれ鉛直軸線の回りに回転させながら研磨するように構成しているが、ワークWと両定盤11a,11bとを鉛直に配置してそれぞれ水平軸線の回りに回転させながら研磨するように構成することもできる。
【0035】
図6及び図7にはこのような縦形の研磨装置の要部が概略的に示されている。図中60は研磨槽で、その内部にワークWを縦向きに支持する支持ローラー61が取り付けられると共に、該ワークWの両面を研磨する第1及び第2の2つの定盤62a,62bが相対するように収容され、これらの定盤62a,62bの駆動軸63は、研磨槽60の槽壁を液密かつ相対的に移動自在なるように貫通して槽外に延出し、図示しないモーターに連結されている。また、上記研磨槽60の内部にはエッジ研磨ドラム64が水平軸線の回りで回転するように収容され、そのドラム軸64aが研磨槽60の槽壁を液密に貫通して槽外に延出し、図示しないモーターに連結されている。そして、上記研磨槽60及びエッジ研磨ドラム64を第1実施例と同様の揺動機構43に支持させて揺動させることにより、ワークWを揺動させることができ、2つの定盤62a,62bを第2実施例のような揺動機構(図示せず)に支持させて揺動させることにより、これらの定盤62a,62bを揺動させることができる。
【0036】
上記各実施例では、定盤11a,11b,62a,62bとして基板の表面全体に研磨パッドを貼着した円板形のものが例示されているが、定盤は円環状であっても良い。更に定盤は、研磨パッドの代わりに砥石を貼着した構造であっても良い。
また、上記各実施例において、研磨槽内にワーク及び上下の定盤が浸漬する程度に研磨液を収容し、この研磨液中でワークを研磨することもできる。
さらに、ワークの外周エッジを研磨する必要がない場合は、上記エッジ研磨機構を省略することもできる。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
このように本発明によれば、ワークより小径の2つの定盤により該ワークの両面を研磨する両面研磨装置において、上記ワークと定盤とを1つの簡単な揺動機構によって相対的に揺動させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る両面研磨装置の第1実施例を示す要部断面図である。
【図2】上記研磨装置の要部の平面図である。
【図3】本発明に係る両面研磨装置の第2実施例を示す要部断面図である。
【図4】上記研磨装置の要部の平面図である。
【図5】定盤の変形例を示す要部側面図である。
【図6】本発明の係る両面研磨装置の第3実施例を概略的に示す要部断面図である。
【図7】図6の側面図である。
【図8】従来の両面研磨装置を原理的に示す正面図である。
【図9】図8の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
10A,10B 研磨装置
11a,11b,62,62b 定盤
12 エッジ研磨機構
15a,15b,63 駆動軸
17,20 モーター
39,60 研磨槽
40,61 支持ローラー
43,50 揺動機構
44,51 リニアガイド
45,52 揺動テーブル
46,53 テーブル揺動手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for polishing both surfaces of a substantially disk-shaped workpiece such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate. More specifically, the present invention uses two polishing surface plates having a smaller diameter than the workpiece. The present invention relates to a swing type double-side polishing apparatus that polishes the surface plate and the workpiece while relatively swinging.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A double-side polishing apparatus that polishes both surfaces of a workpiece using two surface plates smaller in diameter than the workpiece is known as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 10-80861 and 10-217113. is there. As shown in principle in FIGS. 8 and 9, these polishing apparatuses are substantially equal to the radius of the work 1 on both sides of a disk-shaped work 1 whose outer periphery is rotatably supported by a plurality of support rollers 3. Two surface plates 2 and 2 having a diameter are pressed at a position near one end, and both sides of the work 1 are rotated while the work 1 is forcibly rotated by some supporting rollers or other driving rollers 4. The polishing is performed with the two surface plates 2 and 2.
[0003]
Such a polishing apparatus can polish a large-diameter workpiece 1 using the small-diameter surface plates 2 and 2, so it is inevitable that the polishing apparatus is increased in size with an increase in the diameter of the semiconductor wafer. In recent years, attention has been paid to the fact that a large-sized semiconductor wafer can be polished by a small polishing apparatus.
[0004]
However, according to experiments conducted by the present inventors, the method of polishing by pressing a small-diameter surface plate against a position near one end of a large-diameter workpiece in this way always keeps a constant positional relationship between the two. Therefore, there is a difference in the length of sliding contact with the surface plate at each point in the radial direction of the workpiece, and convex portions and concave portions are formed alternately in the radial direction to obtain uniform flatness. I found it difficult.
[0005]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-291165 describes a method of polishing while reciprocating a small-diameter surface plate in the workpiece radial direction. According to such a method, it is possible to prevent the difference in sliding contact length between the respective points in the radial direction of the workpiece, so that it is considered that the above-described problem of uneven polishing can be solved.
[0006]
However, in the conventional polishing apparatus using the above-described method, since the individual reciprocating guides are attached to the two surface plates, and the two surface plates are synchronously reciprocated by these reciprocating guides. A set of reciprocating guides is required, and the incorporation of these reciprocating guides increases the size of the apparatus, complicates the overall structure of the apparatus, and also enables the two sets of reciprocating guides to be driven synchronously. There is a disadvantage that a complicated and expensive control mechanism is required.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A technical problem of the present invention is that in a double-side polishing apparatus that polishes both surfaces of a workpiece with two surface plates having a smaller diameter than the workpiece, the workpiece and the surface plate are relatively swung by a single rocking mechanism. Is to be able to.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a double-side polishing apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of support rollers that abut on the outer periphery of a disk-shaped workpiece and rotatably support the workpiece around a central axis, A pair of polishing surface plates having a smaller diameter than the workpiece to be polished near the portion, a drive shaft extending from the surface plate, a motor for driving and rotating each surface plate via the drive shaft, and the workpiece And a set of rocking mechanisms for relatively rocking the surface plate in the radial direction of the work, and the rocking mechanism is attached to the body of the polishing apparatus and extends in a direction along the radius of the work A guide, a swing table movable along the linear guide, and table driving means for swinging the swing table back and forth along the linear guide. Roller or pair of fixed But the swing type double-side polishing apparatus which is supported so as to swing with the swing table, the polishing apparatus, by providing the polishing tank surrounding around the workpiece and platen, the polishing tank A driving shaft of at least one surface plate that is configured to polish a workpiece inside, has the above-described support rollers attached to the polishing tank, and extends outside the tank through the polishing tank and the polishing tank. Are related to each other so as to be relatively movable in a sealed state, and any one of these polishing tanks or surface plates is supported by the swing table .
[0009]
In the double-side polishing apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the workpiece and the surface plate are moved by reciprocating the swing table along the linear guide by the table driving means during the polishing of the workpiece by the two surface plates. The workpiece can be relatively swung in the radial direction. In this case, only one set of swing mechanisms is provided, and each support roller or a pair of surface plates is supported by the swing table of the swing mechanism, so that two sets of reciprocating guides are used for two fixed movements. Compared with the conventional method in which the discs are individually and synchronously swung, not only can the polishing apparatus be miniaturized and the structure can be simplified, but also two sets of reciprocating guides can be driven synchronously. A complicated and expensive control mechanism is not required, and a simple and inexpensive polishing apparatus can be obtained.
[0011]
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece is rocked through the polishing tank by connecting the polishing tank to a rocking table.
[0012]
The polishing apparatus of the present invention can be provided with an edge polishing mechanism for polishing the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a double-side polishing apparatus according to the present invention. This polishing apparatus 10A is driven and rotated around a vertical central axis at both opposing positions near one end in the radial direction on both surfaces of a disk-shaped workpiece W supported rotatably around a vertical central axis. In addition to polishing with a pair of upper and lower polishing surface plates 11a and 11b, the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece W that has been chamfered is polished by the edge polishing mechanism 12, and the specific configuration is as follows. It is as follows.
[0014]
The polishing apparatus 10A includes a body 13 formed by combining molds having various cross-sectional shapes, and the pair of upper and lower surface plates 11a and 11b described above are supported on the body 13. These surface plates 11a and 11b are obtained by attaching a polishing pad to the entire surface of a metal or ceramic substrate, and the diameter thereof is larger than the radius of the workpiece W but smaller than the diameter. Preferably, the diameter is approximately the same as or slightly larger than the radius of the workpiece W.
[0015]
The first surface plate 11a located below the two surface plates 11a and 11b has a drive shaft 15a extending downward, and the drive shaft 15a is rotatably supported by a support member 16 fixed to the machine body 13. At the same time, it is connected to a driving motor 17 attached to the support member 16, and is driven to rotate at a fixed position by the motor 17.
[0016]
The second surface plate 11b positioned above has a drive shaft 15b extending upward, and the drive shaft 15b is rotatably supported by the support member 19 and attached to the support member 19. It is connected to a driving motor 20 and is driven to rotate by the motor 20. Further, the support member 19 is supported by a surface plate elevating mechanism 21, so that the surface plate elevating mechanism 21 moves up and down. It has become possible to be let.
[0017]
The surface plate elevating mechanism 21 includes a support frame 23 erected on the body 13, a rail-like linear guide 24 fixedly attached to the support frame 23 and extending in the vertical direction, and the linear guide 24. And a movable slide table 25 and drive means 26 for moving the slide table 25 up and down along the linear guide 24. The driving means 26 is composed of an air cylinder, and moves the second surface plate 11b up and down at the time of loading and unloading the work W, or pressurizing the second surface plate 11b during polishing, The required processing pressure is generated in 11b. Therefore, the driving means 26 also serves as a pressing means for pressing both surface plates against the work W with a necessary processing pressure.
[0018]
The machine body 13 is also provided with the edge polishing mechanism 12 at a position adjacent to the workpiece W for polishing the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece W that has been chamfered. The edge polishing mechanism 12 has a cylindrical edge polishing drum 29 that is driven to rotate about a vertical axis, and polishes the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece W with a polishing pad on the outer peripheral surface of the polishing drum 29. is there. The edge polishing drum 29 has a drum shaft 29 a that extends downward. The drum shaft 29 a is rotatably supported by a support member 30, and a clutch 32 is attached to a drive motor 31 attached to the support member 30. The support member 30 is supported by the drum lifting mechanism 33 so that the drum lifting mechanism 33 can be lifted and lowered to change the contact position with the workpiece. . A plurality of polishing grooves into which the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece W is closely fitted can be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the polishing drum, and the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece can be polished by selectively using these grooves.
[0019]
The drum raising / lowering mechanism 33 is rotatably attached to the machine body 13 and extends in the vertical direction, and a nut member 35 that is engaged with the ball screw 34 and moves up and down along the ball screw 34 by the rotation. And a motor 36 for rotating the ball screw 34, and the nut member 35 is coupled to the support member 30. Therefore, according to this configuration, the support member 30, that is, the edge polishing drum 29 can be lifted and lowered together with the nut member 35 by driving the ball screw 34 to raise and lower the nut member 35.
[0020]
In the polishing region of the workpiece W, a polishing tank 39 is provided so as to surround the workpiece W, the surface plates 11a and 11b, and the edge polishing drum 29, and the workpiece W is polished in the polishing tank 39. It has come to be. The polishing tank 39 has a substantially rectangular planar shape, and the inside thereof is partitioned into a first portion 39a having a shallow depth and a second portion 39b having a deep depth. The upper and lower surface plates 11a and 11b are accommodated, and the edge polishing drum 29 is accommodated in the second portion 39b. The drive shaft 15a of the first surface plate 11a extends out of the tank through the tank bottom of the polishing tank 39 in a sealed state at the first portion 39a, and the drum shaft 29a of the edge polishing drum 29 is Similarly, the two portions 39b penetrate the tank bottom in a sealed state and extend out of the tank, and are respectively connected to motors.
[0021]
A plurality of support rollers 40 that are in contact with the outer periphery of the workpiece W and rotatably support the workpiece W around the axis are attached to the polishing tank 39. Each of these support rollers 40 is rotatably supported at the tip of an arm 41, and each arm 41 is attached to the tank bottom of the polishing tank 39. At least a part of these support rollers 40 can be changed to a non-support position by turning or moving the arm 41 so as not to disturb the work when the work W is carried in or out. Is desirable. Further, the support roller 40 may be a grooved roller provided with a groove into which a workpiece is fitted on the outer periphery.
[0022]
The polishing tank 39 and the edge polishing drum 29 are attached to a common rocking mechanism 43 and are rocked together by the rocking mechanism 43. As shown in FIG. 2, the work W supported by the support roller 40 swings in the radial direction along a straight line L connecting the center O 1 and the center O 2 of the surface plates 11a and 11b. It has become.
[0023]
The swing mechanism 43 is attached to the machine body 13 horizontally and extends in a direction along the radius (straight line L) of the workpiece W, and a swing table 45 movable along the linear guide 44. And table driving means 46 for reciprocatingly swinging the swing table 45 along the linear guide 44. The polishing tank 39 and the support member 30 of the edge polishing mechanism 12 are mounted on the swing table 45. Is attached. Therefore, by swinging the swing table 45 by the driving means 46, the workpiece W is swung by a predetermined stroke through the polishing tank 39, and the polishing drum 29 is also swung together with it. In this case, since the two surface plates 11a, 11b do not swing, the polishing tank 39 and the drive shaft 15b of the second surface plate 11b extending through the tank bottom of the polishing tank 39 to the outside. , So that they can move relatively in a sealed state.
[0024]
The table driving means 46 is rotatably attached to the machine body 13 and extends in parallel with the linear guide 44. The table driving means 46 is screwed into the ball screw 47 and rotated forward and backward along the ball screw 47. And a motor 49 that rotates the ball screw 47, and the nut member 48 is coupled to the swing table 45. Therefore, by driving the ball screw 47 and moving the nut member 48 back and forth, the polishing tank 39 and the workpiece W can be slowly swung through the swing table 45.
[0025]
In the double-side polishing apparatus 10A having the above-described configuration, the workpiece W supported by each support roller 40 is subjected to upper and lower surface polishing by the two surface plates 11a and 11b and outer peripheral edge polishing by the edge polishing drum 29. The In this case, both polishings may be performed at the same time or may be performed separately while shifting the time before and after, but here, a case where the outer peripheral edge is polished first and the both surfaces are polished later will be described. Moreover, when performing the said grinding | polishing, although polishing liquid is supplied to a process part, since the well-known mechanism is used about the supply mechanism of this polishing liquid, illustration is abbreviate | omitted.
[0026]
In polishing the outer peripheral edge, the position of the workpiece W is adjusted by the swing mechanism 43 so that the upper and lower two surface plates 11a and 11b are concentrically contacted with the center portion of the workpiece W, and both are fixed at the position. The work W is rotated by rotating the boards 11a and 11b at the same speed in the same direction. Accordingly, when polishing the edge, the two surface plates 11a and 11b serve as a driving means for the workpiece W. Then, the edge polishing drum 29 in contact with the outer periphery of the work W is driven and rotated by the motor 31 to polish the outer peripheral edge of the work W. At this time, the rotation direction of the polishing drum 29 may be the same as or opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece W, but when rotating in the reverse direction, that is, when the rotation directions of the outer peripheral portions that are in sliding contact with each other are the same. It is desirable to rotate either the polishing drum 29 or the workpiece W at a sufficiently higher speed than the other.
When the workpiece W is rotated at the time of polishing the edge, in the example described above, the two surface plates 11a and 11b are concentrically contacted with the central portion of the workpiece W, but at a position near one end of the workpiece. It can also be driven and rotated by pressing it in an eccentric state.
[0027]
When the polishing of the outer peripheral edge is completed, the clutch 32 is released and the drum shaft 29a is disconnected from the motor 31 so that the edge polishing drum 29 can be freely rotated. Then, the workpiece W is moved by the swing mechanism 43 so that the two surface plates 11a and 11b are brought into contact with each other at a position near one end thereof, and the two surface plates 11a and 11b are rotated at the position. Polish both sides of the workpiece. At this time, the workpiece W is ground while being slidably contacted with each surface plate while being driven to rotate in a certain direction by a friction force between the surface plates 11a and 11b. Further, the table W is supported by the support roller 40 in the polishing tank 39 by slowly reciprocating the swing table 45 and hence the polishing tank 39 along the linear guide 44 by the table driving means 46. It swings in the radial direction with respect to 11a and 11b. At this time, the polishing drum 29 also swings together. As a result, the workpiece W and the two surface plates 11a and 11b are slidably contacted with each other while changing their positions in the radial direction of the workpiece W, so that the slidable contact length at each point in the radial direction of the workpiece W is substantially uniform. As a result, the entire surface is processed uniformly.
At the time of double-side polishing of the workpiece, the workpiece W is driven and rotated while being in sliding contact with both surface plates 11a and 11b. Therefore, it is necessary that these workpieces W and both surface plates 11a and 11b maintain an eccentric state. Therefore, the swinging of the workpiece W is performed within a range where the workpiece W and the two surface plates 11a and 11b do not occupy concentric positions.
[0028]
When it is necessary to apply another rotational force to the workpiece W during the polishing of both surfaces, the edge polishing drum 29 is connected to the motor 31 by the clutch 32 and rotated to force the edge W to rotate the workpiece W. Can be rotated. Alternatively, when it is not necessary to rotate the workpiece W with the polishing drum 29 as described above, the polishing drum 29 may be separated from the workpiece W. In this case, it is necessary to configure the polishing drum 29 so as to be able to contact with and separate from the workpiece W.
[0029]
Thus, by polishing the workpiece W and the two surface plates 11a and 11b while relatively swinging in the radial direction of the workpiece W, both surfaces of the workpiece W can be finished to a plane with high accuracy. Moreover, since only one set of the swing mechanism 43 is provided in the polishing apparatus 10A, and the workpiece W and the two surface plates 11a and 11b are relatively swung by the swing mechanism 43, two sets of the swing mechanism 43 are provided. Compared with the conventional method in which the two surface plates 11a and 11b are individually and synchronously swung with the reciprocating guide, not only the polishing apparatus can be reduced in size and the structure can be simplified, but also two sets of reciprocation. A complicated and expensive control mechanism for synchronously driving the moving guide is also unnecessary.
[0030]
3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The polishing apparatus 10B of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the workpiece W is swung in the first embodiment. In contrast, in the second embodiment, the upper and lower two surface plates 11a and 11b are configured to swing.
[0031]
That is, the polishing tank 39 and the edge polishing mechanism 12 are fixed at fixed positions of the machine body 13, and the upper and lower two surface plates 11 a and 11 b are supported by a set of swing mechanisms 50. The swing mechanism 50 is a rail-shaped linear guide 51 that is mounted horizontally on the machine body 13 and extends in a direction along the radius of the workpiece W, a swing table 52 that is movable along the linear guide 51, and the swing table 50. A table driving means 53 for reciprocatingly swinging the moving table 52 along the linear guide 51, a support member 16 for supporting the lower first surface plate 11 a and the motor 17 on the swinging table 52, and an upper A support frame 23 that supports the second surface plate 11b and the surface plate lifting mechanism 21 is placed. Therefore, the two surface plates 11a and 11b can be swung in the radial direction of the workpiece W by swinging the swing table 52 by the driving means 53.
[0032]
Since the configuration and operation of the second embodiment other than those described above are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned to the same main components, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0033]
In each of the above embodiments, the first surface plate 11a and the second surface plate 11b have the same size, but they do not necessarily have to be the same size, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, for example, the second surface plate 11b can be made smaller than the first surface plate 11a. In this way, when one surface plate has a small diameter, the work W can be carried in and out from that side.
[0034]
In each of the above embodiments, the workpiece W and the surface plates 11a and 11b are arranged horizontally and polished while rotating around the vertical axis, respectively, but the workpiece W and the surface plates 11a and 11b are both polished. Can be arranged vertically and polished while rotating around a horizontal axis.
[0035]
6 and 7 schematically show the main part of such a vertical polishing apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 60 denotes a polishing tank, in which a support roller 61 for supporting the workpiece W in the vertical direction is attached, and the first and second surface plates 62a and 62b for polishing both surfaces of the workpiece W are relative to each other. The drive shaft 63 of these surface plates 62a and 62b extends through the tank wall of the polishing tank 60 so as to be liquid-tight and relatively movable, and extends out of the tank. It is connected. An edge polishing drum 64 is accommodated in the polishing tank 60 so as to rotate about a horizontal axis, and the drum shaft 64a penetrates the tank wall of the polishing tank 60 in a liquid-tight manner and extends out of the tank. , Connected to a motor (not shown). The polishing tank 60 and the edge polishing drum 64 are supported and swung by the same swinging mechanism 43 as in the first embodiment, so that the workpiece W can be swung, and the two surface plates 62a and 62b can be swung. These surface plates 62a and 62b can be swung by supporting them on a swinging mechanism (not shown) as in the second embodiment and swinging them.
[0036]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the surface plate 11a, 11b, 62a, 62b is exemplified by a disk shape in which a polishing pad is attached to the entire surface of the substrate. However, the surface plate may be annular. Further, the surface plate may have a structure in which a grindstone is attached instead of the polishing pad.
In each of the above embodiments, the polishing liquid can be accommodated to such an extent that the work and the upper and lower surface plates are immersed in the polishing tank, and the work can be polished in this polishing liquid.
Further, when it is not necessary to polish the outer peripheral edge of the workpiece, the edge polishing mechanism can be omitted.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the double-side polishing apparatus that polishes both surfaces of the workpiece with two surface plates having a smaller diameter than the workpiece, the workpiece and the surface plate are relatively swung by one simple rocking mechanism. Can be made.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a first embodiment of a double-side polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main part of the polishing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a second embodiment of the double-side polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the polishing apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a main part side view showing a modified example of the surface plate.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part schematically showing a third embodiment of the double-side polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
7 is a side view of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing in principle a conventional double-side polishing apparatus.
9 is a side view of FIG. 8. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
10A, 10B Polishing apparatus 11a, 11b, 62, 62b Surface plate 12 Edge polishing mechanism 15a, 15b, 63 Drive shaft 17, 20 Motor 39, 60 Polishing tank 40, 61 Support roller 43, 50 Oscillating mechanism 44, 51 Linear guide 45, 52 Swing table 46, 53 Table rocking means

Claims (3)

円板形ワークの外周に当接して該ワークを中心軸線の回りに回転自在なるように支持する複数の支持ローラーと、上記ワークの両面を端部寄りの位置で研磨する該ワークより小径の相対する一対の研磨用定盤と、これらの定盤から延びる駆動軸と、該駆動軸に連結された駆動用のモーターと、上記ワークと定盤とをワークの半径方向に相対的に揺動させる1組の揺動機構とを有し、
上記揺動機構が、研磨装置の機体に取り付けられてワークの半径に沿う方向に延びるリニアガイドと、該リニアガイドに沿って移動自在の揺動テーブルと、該揺動テーブルを上記リニアガイドに沿って往復揺動させるテーブル駆動手段とを有していて、上記揺動テーブルに上記各支持ローラー又は一対の定盤が、該揺動テーブルと一緒に揺動するように支持されている揺動式両面研磨装置において、
上記研磨装置が、上記ワーク及び定盤の回りを取り囲む研磨槽を備えることにより、該研磨槽内においてワークを研磨するように構成され、該研磨槽に上記各支持ローラーが取り付られると共に、該研磨槽と該研磨槽を貫通して槽外に延出する少なくとも一方の定盤の駆動軸とが、シール状態で相対的に移動自在なるように関係付けられ、これらの研磨槽又は定盤の何れかが上記揺動テーブルに支持されていることを特徴とする揺動式両面研磨装置。
A plurality of support rollers that contact the outer periphery of the disk-shaped workpiece and support the workpiece so as to be rotatable about the central axis, and a relative diameter smaller than that of the workpiece that polishes both surfaces of the workpiece at positions close to the ends. A pair of polishing surface plates, a drive shaft extending from the surface plates, a drive motor connected to the drive shaft, and the workpiece and the surface plate are relatively swung in the radial direction of the workpiece. A set of swing mechanisms,
The swing mechanism is attached to the body of the polishing apparatus and extends in a direction along the radius of the workpiece, a swing table movable along the linear guide, and the swing table along the linear guide. have a table drive means for reciprocally oscillating Te, said each supporting roller oscillating table or a pair of surface plates is supported so as to swing with the swing table rocking In double-side polishing equipment,
The polishing apparatus includes a polishing tank that surrounds the work and the surface plate, thereby configured to polish the work in the polishing tank, and the support rollers are attached to the polishing tank, A polishing tank and a drive shaft of at least one surface plate passing through the polishing tank and extending out of the tank are associated with each other so as to be relatively movable in a sealed state. Any one of the oscillating double-side polishing apparatuses is supported by the oscillating table.
上記研磨槽を揺動テーブルに連結することにより、該研磨槽を介してワークを揺動させるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の揺動式両面研磨装置 2. The swing type double-side polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing tank is connected to a swing table so as to swing the workpiece through the polishing tank . ワークの外周エッジを研磨するエッジ研磨機構を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の揺動式両面研磨装置 The oscillating double-side polishing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an edge polishing mechanism for polishing an outer peripheral edge of the workpiece .
JP2000158493A 2000-05-29 2000-05-29 Swing type double-side polishing machine Expired - Lifetime JP4285888B2 (en)

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CN109176242A (en) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-11 詹哲品 A kind of engine piston ring processing and manufacturing mold

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CN114250495B (en) * 2022-01-18 2023-08-04 安徽科蓝特铝业股份有限公司 Environment-friendly aluminum profile machining process
CN114559364B (en) * 2022-02-24 2023-07-04 苏州东辉光学有限公司 Compact C lens sphere grinds automation equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109176242A (en) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-11 詹哲品 A kind of engine piston ring processing and manufacturing mold

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