JP4280260B2 - Railway vehicle and frame welding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle assembled by joining a roof structure, a side structure, and the like, and in particular, when a frame is laser welded to an outer plate constituting the side structure, the welding marks appearing on the finished surface of the table are not conspicuous. The present invention relates to a frame welding method and a railway vehicle configured by the method.

  High-speed railway vehicles such as Shinkansen vehicles use aluminum vehicles, and a railway vehicle is configured by joining extruded material of 20 m corresponding to the entire length of the vehicle body. On the other hand, railway cars traveling on conventional lines are often used with unpainted vehicles mainly for labor-saving maintenance, and aluminum structures are inferior in terms of scratches and dirt. Has been. In that case, a vehicle structure having a structure in which parts such as a side structure block are joined and combined instead of the extrusion mold material is adopted as the stainless steel structure.

In recent years, a railway vehicle has been developed that is assembled by a structure block in which a core member is welded and integrated with a stainless steel outer plate, and is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-104180. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the side structure of the railway vehicle disclosed in the publication.
The railway vehicle is constructed by joining the side structure, the roof structure, the wife structure, and the underframe. The side structure 100 on one side constituting such a railway vehicle has two sets of vehicle end window blocks 101, two sets of intermediate window blocks 102, and three sets of side entrance blocks located between the window blocks 101 and 102. 103.

  The vehicle end window block 101 and each intermediate window block 102 are configured by joining a framework to outer plates 110 and 120 including a curtain plate portion, and each outer plate 110 and 120 has an upper outer plate and a lower lower plate. It is divided into an outer plate and the whole is formed larger than the framework provided inside the vehicle body. Further, the side entrance block 103 has a door attached to an entrance opening portion in which an entrance frame plate 130 including a curtain plate portion is constituted by an upper frame member, a lower frame member, and a side frame member. Then, the two sets of the vehicle end window block 101, the intermediate window block 102, and the three sets of side entrance blocks 103 are integrated to form a side structure 100 as shown in FIG.

Among those constituting the side structure 100, for example, the intermediate window block 102 has a frame 201 assembled as shown in FIG. The skeleton 201 is composed of four side pillars 211 that are vertical bones, and the horizontal bones of the curtain band member 212, the waist belt member 213, and the long base member 214 are coupled, and the vertical bones of the hip bone 215 and the curtain bone 216 are formed above and below the window opening. It is composed of bones. The outer plate 120 is composed of an upper outer plate 121 and a lower outer plate 122 that are larger than the framework 201. The upper outer plate 121 is formed with a window opening, and is blown from the waistband member 213 to the upper curtain plate portion. The lower outer plate 122 is affixed to the waist plate portion. Further, outer plate reinforcing bones 217 are attached to the inner side between the bone members of the outer plate 120 and the upper part of the curtain band member 212.
JP 2002-104180 A (page 2-3, FIG. 2, FIG. 4) JP 2002-103074 A (page 3, FIG. 2)

By the way, when the frame 201 is integrally joined to the outer plate 120, conventionally, the bonding has been performed by spot welding, but recently, other methods such as joining of the outer plates of the upper outer plate 121 and the lower outer plate 122 are performed. Laser welding has also been attempted for joining the frame 201.
However, even when a low-power laser beam is used, when welding vertical bones such as the side columns 211 and the outer plate reinforcing bones 217, welding marks of laser welding appearing on the finished surface on the front side of the vehicle body are conspicuous. Generally, the surface of the outer plate 120, which is a stainless steel plate, is subjected to hairline finishing in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, that is, in the lateral direction. Therefore, when laser welding a horizontal bone such as the curtain member 212 to the outer plate 120, the welding mark is inconspicuous because it matches the direction of the finish line such as a hairline, but the vertical bone such as the side column 211 is laser welded. The weld marks that are made appear in a direction that intersects with the finish, so even a subtle bulge is conspicuous. Therefore, when the frame is laser-welded to the outer plate, the welding marks deteriorate the appearance of the vehicle body, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of design.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a railway vehicle in which a frame is laser-welded to the outer plate without deteriorating the appearance of the vehicle body and a frame welding method for laser-welding the frame to the outer plate without deteriorating the vehicle body appearance. The purpose is to do.

The railway vehicle of the present invention is a side structure formed by joining a framework to an outer plate, and a roof structure, a wife structure, and a base frame are joined to the side structure. A frame in which longitudinal bones and transverse bones are assembled on the back surface of the finished surface of the outer plate is joined by laser welding, and the longitudinal bone or transverse bone intersecting with the finished surface of the finished surface has an outer plate and A flat inner plate is sandwiched between the inner plates, and the inner plate is welded to the outer plate by sending a laser beam in the same direction as the finish, and the longitudinal bones or transverse bones are in the longitudinal direction. Along with the inner plate, laser welding is performed.

In the railway vehicle of the present invention, the finished surface of the outer plate is laterally finished, and an inner plate is provided on the back surface of the finished surface of the outer plate corresponding to the vertical bone. In this case, laser welding with a laser beam sent in the transverse direction was performed at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical bone superimposed on the inner plate was subjected to laser welding with a laser beam sent in the longitudinal direction. Preferably there is.
In the railway vehicle of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the inner plate is equal to or less than the thickness of the longitudinal bone or the lateral bone .

In the railway vehicle of the present invention, it is preferable that the longitudinal bone or the lateral bone, which is laser-welded in the same direction as the finish of the outer plate, is directly overlapped with the outer plate and laser welding is performed.
Further, in the railway vehicle of the present invention, the inner plate is provided with a plurality of protrusions on the long side edge in order to position the longitudinal bone or the transverse bone orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Is preferred.
In the railway vehicle of the present invention, it is preferable that the inner plates are integrally connected by a connecting plate.

The frame welding method of the present invention is for laser welding a frame in which a plurality of vertical bones and horizontal bones are arranged on the outer plate of a railway vehicle structure, and has a finish on the finished surface of the outer plate. against the longitudinal bone or transverse bone intersecting the sandwiched inner plates of the plate between the outer plates, first welding send laser beam the inner plate in the finishing eye in the same direction, then, the outer It is characterized in that the longitudinal bone or the transverse bone intersecting with the finish is laser-welded to the inner plate joined to the plate.
In the frame welding method of the present invention, it is preferable that the vertical bone or the horizontal bone to be welded by sending a laser beam in the same direction as the finish of the outer plate is directly overlapped with the outer plate and laser welding is performed. .

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the inner plate is welded to the outer plate by sending a laser beam in the same direction as the finished surface of the finished surface. Even if the welding direction of the bone member is different from the finish, no welding marks appear on the finished surface, so that it is possible to provide a railway vehicle in which the frame is laser-welded to the outer plate without impairing the appearance of the vehicle body. Further, a protrusion can be provided on the inner plate, and a bone member orthogonal to the inner plate can be easily positioned.

  Next, one embodiment of a railway vehicle and a frame welding method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The railway vehicle of the present embodiment is configured by joining a roof structure, a wife structure, and a frame to a side structure as shown in FIG. And the side structure similarly arrange | positions a side entrance block between a vehicle end and an intermediate | middle window block, and each joined and united.

  1 and 2 are perspective views showing a state in which the intermediate window block and the side entrance block constituting such a side structure are separated. In particular, FIG. 1 shows a view from the outside of the vehicle body, and FIG. Shows a view from the inside of the vehicle body. The side entrance block 20 is shown as a whole, but the intermediate window block 10 is shown in half. The intermediate window block 10 and the side entrance block 20 or the vehicle end window block (not shown) are both framed on the inner side of the vehicle body to prevent out-of-plane deformation.

  The railway vehicle of this embodiment is configured such that an intermediate window block 10 or the like constituting a side structure or the like is formed by joining a framework to an outer plate by laser welding. Therefore, the joining of the frame to the outer plate will be described by taking the intermediate window block 10 as an example. FIG. 3 is a view showing the intermediate window block of the present embodiment from the frame joint side.

  In the frame of the intermediate window block 10, a plurality of bone members having a hat-shaped cross section are vertically and horizontally assembled and joined to the inner side of the vehicle body of the outer plate 11. Two side pillars 12 are provided along the two left and right vertical sides of the window opening 19 formed in the outer plate 11, and two side pillars 13 are provided at both left and right ends of the outer plate 11. It has been. On the other hand, a curtain band member 15 and a waistband member 16 are provided along two vertical and horizontal sides of the window opening 19, and a curtain 14 is vertically provided above and below an intermediate position of the window opening 19. Between the side columns 12 and 13 and the curtain 14 provided in the vertical direction, a plurality of reinforcing bones 17 arranged in the horizontal direction are provided. Although not shown in FIG. 3, a thick long base member 18 is provided at the lower end portion of the outer plate 11 along the bottom side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outer plate 11 of the intermediate window block 10 is vertically divided, and the upper outer plate 11 </ b> A and the lower outer plate 11 </ b> B are joined at the height of the window opening 19. On the inner side of the vehicle body of the outer plate 11, a frame composed of the side columns 12 and the reinforcing bones 17 described above is integrally joined by laser welding. At this time, in this embodiment, the frame is not directly laser-welded to the outer plate 11, and an inner plate is interposed between the frame and the outer plate 11. FIG. 4 is a view showing the vehicle body inner surface side of the outer plate 11 joined with such an inner plate. Therefore, the opposite side that does not appear in the drawing is the finished surface. The finished surface of the outer plate 11 has a hairline finish sideways.

  As shown in the figure, a plurality of inner plates are attached to the outer plate 11 in which the upper outer plate 11A and the lower outer plate 11B are joined. Specifically, the inner plate 32 corresponding to the two side columns 12 positioned along the two left and right vertical sides of the window opening 19, and the two side columns 13 positioned at the left and right ends of the outer plate 11. A wide inner plate 33 corresponding to the above is provided. The left and right inner plates 32 and 33 are integrally formed by a connecting plate 31. Further, short inner plates 34 corresponding to the curtains 14 are provided above and below the intermediate position of the window opening 19.

  Here, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an AA cross section of FIG. That is, it is a cross-sectional view showing a joined state of the side pillars 12 of the intermediate window block 10. The side column 12 is a bone member having a hat-shaped cross section, and is overlapped on the inner plate 32 and joined to the outer plate 11 as illustrated. Although not shown, the side column 13 and the scapula 14 are bone members having a hat-shaped cross section, and are similarly overlapped with the inner plate 33 or 34 and joined to the outer plate 11. Further, the curtain belt member 15 and the waist belt member 16 other than the longitudinal bones constituting the framework and the reinforcing bone 17 are also bone members having a hat shape like the side pillars 12 shown in FIG.

In the railway vehicle of the present embodiment, the thickness of the outer plate 11 is about 2 mm, and the bone members such as the side pillars 12 joined thereto have a thickness of about 1.5 mm. And the inner plate 32 interposed between them is formed thinner than the thickness of the side pillars 12 etc. which are bone members, and is 1 mm in this embodiment.
When joining the framework to the outer plate 11, first, the inner plates 32, 33, and 34 are joined to the outer plate 11 by laser welding as shown in FIG. The inner plates 32, 33, and 34 are arranged so as to overlap each other at a predetermined position on the outer plate 11 placed on the bed, and laser irradiation is performed from above.

  The irradiated laser beam is sent in the lateral direction of the outer plate 11 with respect to the inner plates 32, 33, and 34, so that a lateral welding bead 50 is provided on the inner plates 32, 33, and 34 as shown in FIG. 4. A plurality are formed. The reason why welding is performed by sending a laser beam in the lateral direction is that a finish line such as a hairline is placed in the lateral direction on the finished surface on the opposite side. A plurality of weld beads 50 as shown in the figure are formed in the longitudinal direction of the inner plates 32, 33, and 34 in order to obtain a sufficient bonding strength. Accordingly, the interval between the weld beads 50 that are finely placed is determined in consideration of the bonding strength.

  Further, as described above, the inner plates 32, 33, and 34 are thinner than the bone members such as the side columns 12. Therefore, when laser welding the inner plates 32, 33, 34 to the outer plate 11, the laser beam output should be reduced compared to the case where bone members such as the side columns 12 are directly laser welded to the outer plate 11. Can do. At that time, by adjusting the laser irradiation energy, control is performed such that welding is performed by melting and melting the penetration depth of the welded portion up to the middle of the outer plate 11 in the thickness direction. Then, on the inner plates 32, 33, 34 welded to the outer plate 11, next, vertical bones such as the side pillars 12 are overlapped and welded.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the side pillars 12 and 13 and the curtain 14 are overlapped on the inner plates 32, 33, and 34, respectively, and laser welding is performed. At that time, the laser beam is sent in the longitudinal direction along the left and right ends of the side pillars 12 and 13 and the curtain 14, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the outer plate 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, weld beads 60 are formed along the left and right ends of the side pillars 12 and 13 and the curtain 14, respectively. Also in this case, by adjusting the laser irradiation energy, the region up to the middle in the thickness direction of the outer plate 11 is heated and melted so that the penetration depth of the welded portion does not appear on the finished surface of the outer plate 11. Thus, control is performed so that welding is performed.

  On the inner plates 32, 33, 34 thus welded to the outer plate 11, vertical bones such as the side pillars 12 are superimposed and welded. Accordingly, the inner plates 32, 33, and 34 serve as positioning members for determining the joining positions of the longitudinal bones such as the side pillars 12, 13 and the phantom skeleton 14, and therefore need to be joined at accurate positions. The inner plates 32, 33, and 34 of the present embodiment can further position the lateral bones arranged between the longitudinal bones, that is, the curtain band member 15, the waistband member 16, and the plurality of reinforcing bones 17. Is formed.

  By the way, when the frame is joined to the outer plate by the conventional spot welding, the frame composed of the side columns 12 and the reinforcing bones 17 is joined by spot welding in advance before joining to the outer plate 11, and the pre-assembled framework is obtained. It was integrally joined to the outer plate 11. However, if pre-assembly is performed in the case of laser welding, when a framework is joined to the outer plate, a hat-shaped three-dimensional portion overlaps on the traveling of the laser beam, and welding at that location cannot be performed. Therefore, when joining frames by laser welding, it is necessary to locate and join the lateral bones such as the waistband member 16 and the plurality of reinforcing bones 17 at the site.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a plurality of projections 38 are formed at predetermined intervals on the long side edges of the inner plates 32, 33, 34 so that the lateral bones such as the reinforcing bones 17 can be easily positioned and joined. . The protrusions 38 are formed so that the longitudinal ends of the lateral bones such as the curtain belt member 15, the waist belt member 16, and the plurality of reinforcing bones 17 enter between adjacent ones. It is formed so that the bone can be positioned accurately. Accordingly, in the inner plates 32, 33, 34 joined to the outer plate 11, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the reinforcing bone 17 is arranged between the inner plates 32, 34, and the projections 38 whose both ends are arranged vertically. Are fitted together.

  The transverse bones such as the reinforcing bones 17 are directly superimposed on the outer plate 11 and laser welding is performed. At that time, the laser beam is sent in the longitudinal direction of the curtain band member 15, the waist band member 16 and the reinforcing bone 17, that is, in the lateral direction of the outer plate 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, weld beads 70 are formed along the upper and lower ends of the side pillars 12 and 13 and the curtain 14, respectively. And also in this case, by adjusting the laser irradiation energy, control is performed such that welding is performed by melting and melting the region of the welded portion up to the middle of the thickness direction of the outer plate 11.

In the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment, in addition to the intermediate window block 10 of the side structure described above, the side entrance block 20 or the vehicle end window block (not shown) is similarly disposed between the inner plate and the outer plate with respect to the longitudinal bone. It is comprised so that it may be provided. Therefore, the inner plate 32 and the like are welded to the outer plate 11 by sending a laser beam in the same direction as the finish of the finished surface, so that welding marks appearing on the finished surface become inconspicuous and are joined on the inner plate 32 and the like. In the laser welding of the side pillars 12 and the like, the welding trace does not appear on the finished surface in a direction orthogonal to the finished line such as a hairline. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of welding marks appearing on the finished surface of the outer plate and obtain the effect of laser welding.
In addition, there is a problem that the front assembly cannot be performed when the frame is laser-welded to the outer plate. However, the projection 38 is provided on the inner plate 32 or the like so that the horizontal band of the curtain band member 15, the waist band member 16, and the plurality of reinforcing bones 17 is formed. Easy positioning. Therefore, it is not necessary to position the lateral bone such as the reinforcing bone 17 at the site, and the work efficiency can be improved.

  As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the railway vehicle and the frame welding method according to the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is the figure which showed the state which the intermediate | middle window block and side entrance block which comprise a side structure isolate | separated from the vehicle body outer side. It is the figure which showed the state which the intermediate | middle window block and side entrance block which comprise a side structure isolate | separated from the vehicle body inner side. It is the figure which showed the intermediate | middle window block from the frame joining side. It is the figure which showed the vehicle body inner surface side of the outer plate which joined the inner plate. It is the figure which showed the AA cross section of FIG. It is the figure which showed the side structure of the railway vehicle. It is the figure which showed the framework structure of the intermediate | middle window block.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Intermediate window block 20 Side entrance block 11 Outer plate 12 Side pillar 13 Side pillar 14 Curtain bone 15 Curtain belt member 16 Waist belt member 17 Reinforcement bone 18 Long base member 19 Window opening parts 32, 33, 34 Inner plate 38 Protrusion

Claims (8)

In a railway vehicle in which a frame structure is formed by joining a framework to an outer plate, and a roof structure, a wife structure, and a base frame are joined to the side structure,
The side structure is obtained by joining a frame in which vertical and horizontal bones are assembled to the back surface of the finished surface of the outer plate by laser welding,
Wherein the said longitudinal bone or transverse bone intersecting the finishing th finished surface, the inner plate of the flat plate is sandwiched between the outer plate, the inner plate sends a laser beam to the finishing eye the same direction the A railway vehicle, wherein welding is performed on an outer plate, and the longitudinal bone or the lateral bone is laser-welded to the inner plate along a longitudinal direction thereof . The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The finished surface of the outer plate has finishes in the horizontal direction, and an inner plate is provided on the back surface of the finished surface of the outer plate corresponding to the vertical bone, and the inner plate is a laser sent in the horizontal direction. A rail vehicle in which laser welding by a beam is performed in a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal bone superimposed on the inner plate is subjected to laser welding by a laser beam sent in the longitudinal direction. In the railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2,
The inner vehicle has a wall thickness equal to or less than that of the vertical bone or horizontal bone . In the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The railway vehicle in which the longitudinal bone or the lateral bone to which laser welding is performed in the same direction as the finish of the outer plate is directly overlapped with the outer plate and laser welding is performed. The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A railcar characterized in that the inner plate is provided with a plurality of protrusions on a long side edge in order to position the longitudinal bone or transverse bone perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. In the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The railway vehicle is characterized in that the inner plates are integrally connected by a connecting plate. In a frame welding method for laser welding a frame in which a plurality of vertical and horizontal bones are arranged on the outer plate of a railway vehicle structure,
Against the longitudinal bone or transverse bone intersecting the finish eyes in the finished surface of the outer plate, sandwiching the inner plate of the plate between the outer plates, first laser beam and the inner plate in the finishing eye in the same direction And then welding the longitudinal or transverse bone intersecting with the finish to the inner plate joined to the outer plate. In the frame welding method according to claim 7,
A frame welding method, wherein the longitudinal bone or the lateral bone to be welded by sending a laser beam in the same direction as the finish of the outer plate is directly superposed on the outer plate and laser welding is performed.

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