JP4761926B2 - Railcar structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle structure.

  Conventionally, stainless steel structures made of stainless steel having many advantages such as no need for painting, easy maintenance, and no corrosion have been used as structures for railway vehicles. Examples of such a stainless steel structure include a lightweight stainless steel structure 201 (outer plate + framework + outer plate horizontal bone member) shown in FIG. 18 (a) and a double sheet stainless steel structure 202 (outer plate) shown in FIG. 18 (b). In addition to (integrated press-molded inner plate), a so-called double skin type stainless steel structure is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In a railway vehicle structure, resistance spot welding is frequently used for joining the outer plate and the outer plate horizontal bone member from the viewpoint of reducing thermal distortion.

  General railcar structures, particularly side structures, have some points to consider in terms of strength design. Here, the side structure means a structure constituted by one or a plurality of side skin panels, and the side skin panel means a structure obtained by joining and integrating a skin lateral bone member to the skin. Say.

As shown in FIG. 19 (a), the side skin panel 100 is mainly subjected to in-plane shearing action by the vertical weight F1 applied by the vehicle body weight / passenger. Further, as shown in FIG. 19 (b), the in-plane shaft compression / in-plane bending action is also applied by the vehicle end compression load F2 through the coupler. The first failure mode to be noted in terms of strength is the overall buckling of the side skin panels.

  In general, in a portion where the outer plate is subjected to a compression action in a wide range, for example, at the lower portion of the vehicle body center waist plate at the time of a vehicle end compression load, as shown in FIG. A stiffener is joined to the inside of the outer plate 102.

  In general, since the side structure of a railway vehicle is greatly subjected to the compressive action in the rail direction, it is common to provide an outer plate lateral bone member inside the outer plate along the rail direction. In the part where the outer plate is subjected to shear in a wide range, for example, in the door pocket part directly above the carriage at the time of vertical load, it is ideal to join the outer plate transverse bone member to the outer plate at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the rail direction. Since joining with such an angle is complicated in manufacturing, the outer plate lateral bone member is actually arranged in the horizontal direction (rail direction) or the vertical direction. Both are equivalent in buckling strength.

  However, the stainless steel structure as described above has several problems.

  (i) The first problem is buckling strength.

  As described above, resistance spot welding is frequently used for joining the outer plate and the outer plate horizontal bone member from the viewpoint of reducing thermal distortion. However, in order to avoid diversion to the hit points, the hit point pitch is usually 50. About 80 mm. In this case, the stress is not dispersed well in the outer plate horizontal bone member, and the buckling strength as theoretically obtained may not be obtained. That is, the out-of-plane bending rigidity as the stiffening panel is lower than the theoretical value, and there is a possibility that the overall buckling is caused by a load lower than expected. The outer plate may buckle between spot welding points against a compressive load in a direction parallel to the outer plate transverse member, and the local buckling is inferior to the theoretical buckling strength.

  For example, when the pitch L101 of the outer plate lateral bone member 101 is 80 mm (see FIG. 19C), and the compressive stress acts on the outer plate in a direction parallel to this, the outer plate horizontal bone member continues to the outer plate. If the outer plate transverse bone member is spot welded to the outer plate at a pitch of 80 mm, it can withstand only about 60 MPa. In addition, initial distortion occurs in the outer plate due to distortion around the spot due to pressure contact, and this also greatly reduces the local buckling strength.

  (ii) The second problem is permanent deformation (tensile side) or local buckling (compression side) in the stress concentration portion.

  In the side outer plate, stress concentration occurs at the corners in the opening of the side outer plate. In particular, side structures for commuter cars have many openings such as window openings and door openings (entrances / exits), and stress concentration at the corners of these openings becomes a problem. In these stress-concentrated portions, permanent deformation occurs on the tension side and buckling deformation occurs on the compression side, leading to ultimate destruction. As a countermeasure against this, it is conceivable to reduce the stress by providing a plate-like outer plate transverse bone member on the inner side to increase the thickness. The compression side can theoretically handle the same, but there are some problems with the stainless steel structure.

  (iii) The third problem is water tightness.

  Since resistance spot welding, which is frequently used in the assembly of stainless steel structures, can constitute only lap joints, joints between outer plates or between outer plates and edge members (window frames, door masks, etc.) are also lap joints. Therefore, in order to prevent external flooding in these joints, it is necessary to devise a technique for maintaining watertightness that prevents flooding from the outside.

By the way, in addition to creating gaps in the overlapped part, spot welding is an intermittent joining method. For structures made of ordinary steel or aluminum alloy, watertightness is ensured by sandwiching a sealant in advance in the overlapped part. Or by providing a fillet-like sealing material at the end of the stack to ensure watertightness. However, there is a possibility that seal breakage may occur due to aging and deterioration of the sealing material due to wind and rain, and water may enter the vehicle.
(iv) The fourth problem is the aesthetics of the outer plate (side outer plate, wife outer plate).

Resistance spot welding, which is frequently used in assembling stainless steel structures, is pressed in a spot shape during construction, and therefore, distortion is generated around it by pressing force and heat input. In addition, a concave impression is generated at the hit point. These detract from the beauty of the skin. That is, even if held against a reinforcing plate, which spot welding is increased for joining, initial strain occurs in the outer plate by the distortion of the surrounding spots by pressure-heat input, there is a possibility to rather lower the local buckling strength . Thus, buckling is likely to occur in the lower part of the waist plate at the center of the vehicle body, the door pockets and curtains directly above the carriage, and around the corners of the side openings, and some vehicles are actually buckling. I am letting. In particular, deteriorating the aesthetics of the side skin and wife skin reduces the product value.

The “burn” of the outer plate due to spot welding can be eliminated by electrolytic treatment, but the indentation is deep and it is difficult to make it invisible by polishing after joining. Moreover, although it can also cover with a color band (film), even if it covers, an impression may become more conspicuous depending on the viewing angle.
(v) The fifth problem is the complexity of the internal framework.

  Conventionally, as a structure for attaching interior products and equipment to a structure, a structure in which a screw seat is welded to a main structure or an internal frame (secondary structure material) or a mounting metal is separately provided has been adopted.

  Most of these mounting brackets and screw seats are individually designed for each vehicle, and the mounting location to the structure is not constant depending on the vehicle type and location. The number of parts, such as screw seats, internal frames, and mounting brackets, has increased, and much man-hours are required for manufacturing parts and welding. In addition, since the mounting position is not standardized, the size management of the mounting is complicated.

The inventor has conceived that the above problem can be solved by using laser welding instead of resistance spot welding for joining the outer plate and the outer plate transverse bone member, and a railway vehicle structure using laser welding is proposed. The application has been made earlier (see Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-206390).
Japanese Patent No. 27693983 (paragraphs 0014, 0020 and FIG. 4)

However, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, when considering laser welding a door-end pillar member 303 having a cross-sectional hat shape along the vertical direction inside the outer plate 301 and on the side edge of the door opening 302, Since a distortion L22 due to a weld line L12 extending in a direction orthogonal to the finishing direction A of the outer plate 301 appears on the outer surface portion of the outer plate 301 where the attachment base portion 304a of the door frame 304 (door mask) does not exist, it looks good. Deteriorate. This is because the thickness of the door frame 304 is about 4 mm, which is considerably thicker than the thickness (1.5 to 2.5 mm) of the outer plate 301, so the portion covered by the mounting base 304 a is distorted by the weld line L 11. L21 is not visible. Further, the distortion L23 corresponding to the weld line L13 with respect to the outer plate horizontal bone member 305 coincides with the finishing direction A of the outer plate 301 and is not so noticeable, but the outer plate corresponds to the toe P13 of the weld line L13. Since 301 is concentrically distorted and the distortion P23 due to this toe is conspicuous, the appearance is poor. This is because if the outer surface of the outer plate is polished (for example, a belt grind finish generally used in a stainless steel structure of a railway vehicle) in parallel with the laser beam welding line direction, light scattering is performed. This makes use of the fact that the distortion corresponding to the weld line is almost invisible. Thus, the tendency for distortion corresponding to the weld line to appear on the surface of the outer plate is the same in the case of other welding such as spot welding, plug welding, fillet welding as well as laser welding. Further, when the rivets are used for linear connection, the same distortion corresponding to the joining line appears.

  Further, it is considered that if the attachment base 304a of the door frame 304 is extended to a portion where the distortions L21 and P23 corresponding to the weld line L11 and the toe P13 appear on the outer surface of the outer plate 301, they can be easily hidden. The width of the mounting base 304a (the portion overlapping the outer plate 301) of the door frame 304 has a limitation in terms of appearance and cannot be made too long.

Therefore, the inventors devise the cross-sectional shape of the door-end pillar member 2 and devise the positional relationship among the door frame, the door-end pillar member, and the outer plate horizontal bone member, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). Thus, the inventors have conceived that the distortions L21 and P23 corresponding to the toes of the vertical weld line L11 and the horizontal weld line L13, which are conspicuous when viewed from the outer surface side of the outer plate, can be concealed by the door frame, and the present invention is made. It is a thing.

  Here, as a constraint condition, as shown in FIG. 2, (i) the door-end pillar member 2 requires a web 2b for connecting the body portion 2a of the door-end pillar member 2 to the outer plate 3 in terms of strength. (This web 2b is also necessary for adjusting the dimensions of the cross section of the structure by striking the pointed pillar member 2 and by spot heat quenching.) (Ii) To maintain the rigidity of the cross section of the structure as much as possible, It is desirable that the height H1 (in the vehicle body inward direction) of the front pillar member 2 is high, (iii) the width W of the mounting base 1A of the door frame 1 is limited in terms of finding, and (iv) outside It is necessary to make it the structure connected with the door-end pillar member 2 and the door frame 1 so that the out-of-plane bending deformation of the plate transverse bone member 4 can be suppressed.

  In particular, when laser welding means is used as welding, in addition to (i) to (iv), (v) the problem of interference when laser welding the door column member 2 and door frame 1 to the outer plate 3 It is necessary to secure a space for the laser beam B to enter and a press margin for the press roller R so as not to occur.

  In the present invention, in the vicinity of the door opening peripheral edge of the outer surface of the outer plate, the distortion of the outer plate corresponding to the joint line (welding line) for the door column member and the toe of the bonding line for the outer plate horizontal bone member is conspicuous. It aims at providing the side structure for rail vehicles which aimed at the improvement of the appearance of an outer plate | board by making it disappear.

The invention of claim 1 includes a door leading pillar member an inner skins extending along the side edge of the door opening with a door opening, a plurality of outer plates transverse extending in a direction perpendicular to the door leading Columns a railway vehicle side structure in which the rib member is arranged, said Tosakihashira member and outer plate transverse bone member is bonded to the outer plate, the side edges of the door opening an outer of the outer plate A door frame mounting base is provided on the inner side of the outer plate corresponding to the portion where the mounting base is provided. It is set as the structure which a side toe is located. Here, the joining includes welding such as spot welding, plug welding, fillet welding, and rivet bonding in addition to laser welding.

  In this way, the door frame mounting base is provided on the outer surface side of the outer plate, and the distortion corresponds to the joint line for the door-end column member and the toe of the joint line for the outer plate horizontal bone member. Since the outer surface portion of the outer plate that appears is covered, the distortion (of the outer plate) corresponding to the joint line of the door column member and the toe of the joint line of the outer plate horizontal member is the door frame. It is concealed at the mounting base, and the appearance of the outer plate is improved.

  The outer plate horizontal bone member according to claim 2, wherein the outer plate horizontal bone member is provided so as to extend in opposite directions continuously to a main body portion having a substantially U-shaped cross section and an edge of the main body portion. A cross-sectional hat shape having two mounting flange portions joined to each other, and the door on the outer plate between the side edge of the door opening of the outer plate and the end edge of each outer plate horizontal bone member. It is desirable that a space portion having a size that allows the work of joining the leading column members is provided.

  If it does in this way, the size which permits the operation | work which joins the said door-end pillar member to the said outer plate between the side edge of the door opening of the said outer plate, and the edge of each said outer plate horizontal-bone member. Since the space portion is provided, the end portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member does not interfere with the operation of joining the door column member to the outer plate, and the operation of joining them is performed without difficulty. be able to.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member is configured such that the edge on the door opening side is inclined so as to be farther from the door opening toward the inner side of the vehicle body. Can do.

  In this way, the edge on the door opening side is inclined so as to be farther from the door opening as it is farther from the outer plate, thereby permitting the operation of joining the door column member to the outer plate. A space portion having a size to be formed is simply formed between the side edge of the door opening of the outer plate and the end edge of each outer plate transverse member.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the outer plate horizontal bone member is configured such that, at the end portion on the door opening side, the mounting flange portion extends toward the door opening side rather than the main body portion. Can do.

  In this way, the outer plate lateral bone member has the mounting flange portion extending toward the door opening side rather than the main body portion at the end portion on the door opening side. A space having a size that allows the operation of joining the door-end pillar members is easily formed between the side edge of the door opening of the outer plate and the end of the main body portion of each outer plate horizontal bone member.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the door column member includes a strip-shaped substrate portion extending in parallel with the outer plate, and a first side plate portion extending from one side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate side. A second side plate portion extending from the other side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate side and shorter than the first side plate portion, and being connected to the first side plate portion and sandwiching the outer plate. A first attachment flange portion joined to the attachment base portion of the door frame, and a second attachment flange portion connected to the second side plate portion and joined to the main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member; can do.

  In this way, the distortion of the outer plate corresponding to the vertical joint line for the door-end pillar member and the toe of the horizontal joint line for the outer plate horizontal bone member is concealed by the mounting base of the door frame. Further, the first side plate portion functions as a web for connecting the substrate portion connected to the outer plate horizontal bone member to the outer plate, the height of the outer plate horizontal bone member is ensured, and the necessary strength is ensured. At the same time, the rigidity of the cross section of the structure is maintained. In addition, it is advantageous in adjusting the size of the cross section of the structure by striking the door-end pillar member or by rapid thermal cooling. In this board | substrate part, an outer-plate horizontal-bone member, a door-end pillar member, and a door frame are couple | bonded together, and the bending rigidity of an outer-plate horizontal-bone member and the torsional rigidity of a door-end pillar member and a door frame are ensured.

  In addition, as described in claim 6, the door-end pillar member includes a substrate portion extending in parallel with the outer plate, a first side plate portion extending from the one side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate, A second side plate portion extending from the other side edge of the substrate portion to the outer plate side and shorter than the first side plate portion, and an attachment base portion of the door frame connected to the first side plate portion and sandwiching the outer plate Or a fitting flange portion joined to the outer plate and a fitting portion formed on the second side plate portion and fitted into the main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member. The auxiliary frame having an L-shaped cross section is joined to the inside of the door frame, and the door-end pillar member extends in parallel with the outer plate and is one side edge portion. And a side plate portion that extends to the outer plate side from the other side edge of the substrate portion. It is also possible to employ a structure having a mounting flange portion joined to the body portion of the outer plate transverse bone member extending parallel to the outer plate side from the tip end of the side plate portion.

  Furthermore, as described in claim 8, the joining of the door column member and the outer plate horizontal bone member to the outer plate moves along the welding line while pressing the vicinity of the welding position by the pressing roller, When welding is performed using laser welding means that performs laser welding by irradiating the laser beam to the welding position, the toe of the weld line for the door column member or the weld line for the outer plate horizontal member It is particularly effective in concealing the distortion (outer plate) corresponding to the above in the mounting base of the door frame and improving the appearance of the outer plate.

  The present invention provides a door frame mounting base on the outer surface side of the outer plate so as to cover the distortion of the outer plate corresponding to the toe of the bonding line for the outer plate horizontal bone member and the bonding line for the door column member. Since the door frame can cover the distortion of the outer plate corresponding to the vertical joint line of the door column member and the toe of the joint line of the outer plate horizontal member, the appearance of the outer plate can be covered. Can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a railcar structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the outer plate and the outer plate horizontal bone member.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the railway vehicle structure 11 includes left and right side structures 12, a roof structure 13, front and rear wife structures 14, and a frame 15. The side structure 12 includes an outer plate 3 and outer plate horizontal bone members 4A and 4B arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction (vehicle body longitudinal direction) inside the outer plate 3, and these serve as laser welding means. It is joined by laser welding to form a side skin panel. In addition, the outer panel of the roof structure 13 and the end structure 14 has substantially the same configuration.

  The outer plate horizontal bone member 4A (4B) includes a U-shaped portion 4Aa having a U-shaped cross section, and mounting flange portions 4Ab, 4Ac extending in opposite directions from each other at both ends of the U-shaped portion 4Aa. And has a cross-sectional hat shape. Laser welding is performed on the outer plate 3 at the mounting flange portions 4Ab and 4Ac of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A to form a side outer plate panel. The laser welding used for joining the outer plate horizontal bone members 4A and 4B to the inner surface side of the outer plate 3 is partial penetration laser welding in which the bottom of the molten pool does not reach the outer surface of the outer plate 3.

  As the outer plate 3, the outer surface is polished substantially in parallel with the laser beam welding line direction, and the laser beam welding line direction and the outer surface polishing direction (surface grinding finishing direction) are substantially the same direction. A surface polishing material is used. “Polishing” is said to be belt grind (BG) finish by a belt grinder, and the belt to which the abrasive grains specified in “JIS R 6001” are adhered is rotated to intermittently discontinue the surface of the steel sheet in one direction. It is finished by polishing (corresponding to the surface finish indicated by the symbols “No. 3” and “No. 4” in “JIS G 4305”).

  Although not specifically shown, the laser irradiation apparatus used for laser welding is attached to the wrist of an articulated robot as an end effector. This articulated robot has a plurality of axes (for example, six axes), and laser irradiation is performed along a predetermined welding line U (see FIG. 2) in a state where a thin plate (for example, outer plate 3) to be welded is fixed. The device can be moved. The laser irradiation apparatus performs overlap laser welding, and a laser concentrator and a pressing roller R as a pressing unit are integrally attached, and the pressing roller R moves along a welding line U and is near the welding position of the workpiece. By irradiating the welding position with the laser beam B from the laser concentrator while pressing the pressure, the focal length of the laser beam B is accurately maintained while ensuring the adhesion of the overlapped portion (see FIG. 1A). It can be configured.

  The door frame 1 and the outer plate 3 provided at the periphery of the door opening of the outer plate 3 are also joined by continuous laser welding as will be described later. The joint may be a lap joint or a butt joint. Although not specifically shown, the outer plates are joined to each other by continuous laser welding.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A has an interval L1 of laser welding (welding line U) of 80 mm (hat width L2 = 50 mm), so that the pitch of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A is 80 mm. Is realized. Similarly, the hat width (70 mm) and laser welding interval (100 mm) of the outer plate transverse bone member 4B were determined for the other portions. The laser welding interval L3 between the adjacent outer plate transverse bone members 4A and 4B is 50 to 100 mm. However, when the cross-sectional shape of the transverse bone member is determined for each part of the outer plate 3, many kinds of transverse bone members are generated. Limited to two types. The height H1 of the outer plate transverse bone members 4A and 4B is 25 mm, which is determined from the overall buckling strength of the outer plate 3 of the side structure 12 . The laser welding interval L1 is basically determined from the outer plate thickness and the buckling strength. The smaller the interval, the stronger the buckling. However, if the interval is too small, the number of laser welding weld lines increases. On the other hand, if it is too wide, it will buckle even with a slight load, so it is actually in the range of 60 to 120 mm, but a desirable value that balances well in terms of part production and appearance is L1 = 90 to 100 mm. .

  Thus, the hat width L2 (width of the U-shaped portion) of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A provided in the vicinity of the corner of the window opening 24 and the upper corner of the door opening 25 is 50 mm, and the outer plate horizontal provided in other parts. A side structure is formed by setting the hat width of the bone member 4B to 70 mm. Therefore, the hat width of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A provided in the vicinity of the upper corner of the door opening 25 and the corner of the window opening 24 where the applied stress is high and the load is large is set to the outer plate horizontal bone provided in the other part. It is smaller than the hat width of the member 4B. The out-of-plane bending in the direction orthogonal to the rail direction is reinforced by a separately provided longitudinal bone member.

  By the way, the side structure 12 is divided and manufactured into a plurality of units, and these units are manufactured separately, and then these units are joined by laser welding. Specifically, the side units 21A and 21B including the curtain plates 21Aa and 21Ba and the door frame 23 are separately manufactured, and then are joined by laser welding to form the side groove body 12. The side units 21A and 21B are assembled using laser welding. The joining method of the door frame 23 is also laser welding. The joining method between the curtain plates 21Aa and 21Ba of the side units 21A and 21B is laser welding or arc welding.

  Further, for example, in the method of assembling the side unit 21A described above, as shown in FIG. 6, the side outer plate 3 is divided into a curtain plate 31A, a blowing plate 31B, and a waist plate 31C, and the outer plates are divided into the respective plates 31A to 31C. Horizontal bone members 32A to 32C (the number of the outer plate horizontal bone members 32B is one in the drawing, but it corresponds to the plurality of outer plate horizontal bone members 4A, and the number of the outer plate horizontal bone members 32A and 32C is also one in the drawing. Are joined by laser welding to produce the curtain panel panel 33A, the blowing panel 33B, and the waist panel 33C.

  At this time, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, a lap joint is constituted by the curtain plate 31A and the flange portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member 32A, and the outer plate horizontal bone is formed with respect to the curtain plate 31A. Both are joined by partial penetration laser welding from the member 32A side. This also applies to the joining of the plates 31B and 31C and the flange portions of the outer plate transverse bone members 32B and 32C. A window frame (not shown) is similarly joined to the blowing plate 31B in advance by laser welding.

  The lower end edge of the blowing plate 31B and the lower end edge of the curtain plate 31A are provided with a margin, the lower edge of the blowing plate 31B and the upper end of the waist plate 31C, and the lower end of the curtain plate 31A and the blowing plate. A lap joint is formed with the upper end of the side plate 31B, and this portion is laser welded to form the side unit 21A (see FIG. 8). In addition, 24 is a window opening and 25 is a door opening.

  Further, the waist belt 35 and the curtain belts 34A and 34B located at the lap joint are joined to the outer plate by laser welding (see FIG. 9). At this time, due to the presence of the waist belt 35 and the curtain belts 34A and 34B, the waist belt 35 and the curtain belt 34A so as not to hinder the construction by the laser welding of the curtain panel 33A and the blowing panel 33B or the blowing panel 33B and the waist panel 33C. , 34B can be arranged, the waist belt 35 and the curtain belts 34A, 34B can be joined to the blowing plate 31B in advance.

  Next, the pillar members 36A, 36B, and 36C are joined to the head of the outer plate horizontal member 32A by laser welding (FIGS. 6, 7D, and 9). reference). At this time, a short welding line may be used, or if it is a ring-shaped welding line, the joint strength is further stabilized.

  Finally, as required for strength, gussets 38A to 38D are joined by laser welding to the joining portion of the waist belt 35, the curtain belts 34A and 34B and the door bottom pillar member 36B and the vicinity thereof to complete the side unit 21A. (See FIG. 10).

  And the manufacturing method of the side structure 12 as mentioned above is applicable also to manufacture of the roof structure 13, the end structure 14, and the frame 15. For example, in the case of the roof structure 13, a roof unit having an appropriate size is used in which the roof outer plates are joined by continuous laser welding, and then the rafter and the roof outer plate are joined by laser welding from the outer plate side. At this time, since a high aesthetic appearance is not required in the roof structure, laser welding may be through welding or partial penetration welding. In the case of the frame 15, the side beam and the horizontal beam are joined by laser welding or resistance spot welding through a gusset, and then the keystone plate floor plate and the horizontal beam are joined by laser welding from the floor plate side. Use an appropriately sized underframe unit. At this time, the lower part of the underframe and the floor board surface become a blind spot or a concealed part after the vehicle body is completed and there is no aesthetic requirement, so laser welding may be through welding or partial penetration welding.

  Then, the left and right side structures 12, the roof structure 13, the end structure 14, and the underframe 15 are joined to assemble the structure 11 for a railway vehicle.

  Next, the structure around the door opening, which is a feature of the present invention, will be further described.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the outer plate horizontal bone member 4 </ b> A, the end portion of the outer plate 3 that faces the door opening 25 is cut off at portions corresponding to the laser beam B and the pressing roller R of the laser welding means. In other words, the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A is inclined such that the edge on the door opening 25 side is further away from the edge of the door opening 25 as it is farther from the outer plate 3, and the end on the door opening side is the inclined portion 4Ad. It has become.

  And the attachment base 1A of the door frame 1 is joined to the outer side of the outer plate 3 constituting the door opening 25, and the door opening side edge of the attachment base 1A extends in the vehicle body width direction via the intermediate inclined portion 1B. The collar part 1C is connected.

A door pillar member 2 is provided on the door opening side of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A. The door-end pillar member 2 includes a substrate portion 2A extending in parallel with the outer plate 3, a first side plate portion 2B extending from the one side edge (door opening side edge) of the substrate portion 2A to the outer plate 3 side, The second side plate portion 2C extending from the other side edge of the substrate portion 2A toward the outer plate 3 and shorter than the first side plate portion 2B, and connected to the first side plate portion 2B and sandwiching the outer plate 3, the door frame 1 A first mounting flange portion 2D laser welded to the mounting base portion 1A, and a second mounting flange portion 2E connected to the second side plate portion 2C and laser welded to the main body portion 4Aa of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A. Have.

In the case of laser welding, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, since the end portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A is an inclined portion 4Ad, the laser beam B and the pressing roller are used during laser welding. A space having a size that allows the passage of R is secured. Also, when the door-end column member 2 is laser-welded to the outer plate 3, as shown in FIG. 12C, the mounting flange of the door-end column member 2 is attached to the outer plate 3 using the laser beam B and the pressing roller R. A space portion that allows the operation of joining the portions is secured.

If it does in this way, distortion L21, P23 of the outer plate | board corresponding to the toe of the welding line about the outer-plate horizontal frame member 4A and the welding line about the door-end pillar member 2 (refer FIG.1 (b)). Since the attachment base 1A of the door frame 1 is provided on the outer surface side of the outer plate 3 so as to cover the vertical plate, the vertical welding line by laser welding of the door column member 2 and the welding line for the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A The distortion of the outer plate 3 corresponding to the toe is hidden by the thick door frame 1. Therefore, in the vicinity of the periphery of the door opening, the distortion of the outer plate corresponding to the weld line and the toe of the weld line becomes inconspicuous, and the appearance of the outer plate is improved.

  In addition, a size allowing the laser beam B and the pressing roller R of the laser welding means to pass between the side edge of the door opening of the outer plate 3 and the end edge of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A during laser welding. Therefore, laser welding can be performed without the end of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A interfering with the laser beam B or the pressing roller R of the laser welding means.

The embodiment described above can be modified as follows.
(i) The main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member is an inclined portion in which the end portion on the door opening side is inclined so as to move away from the door opening as the distance from the outer plate increases. As shown in FIG. 13, 4A ′ has an end on the door opening side, and at the end on the door opening side, the mounting flange portions 4Ab and 4Ac extend toward the door opening side rather than the main body portion 4Aa ′. It is also possible to have a shape. In other words, it can be said that the end portion on the door opening side is a shape in which a part of the main body portion 4Aa ′ is cut away while leaving the mounting flange portions 4Ab and 4Ac.

In this case, when laser welding is performed, as shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), at the end on the door opening side, the mounting flange portions 4Ab and 4Ac are more open than the main body portion 4Aa ′. Space that is large enough to allow the laser beam B and the pressure roller R of the laser welding means to pass through during laser welding. (Space part) is secured. Moreover, also when the door-end pillar member 2 is laser-welded, as shown in FIG.14 (c), the said space is ensured similarly.
(ii) In the above embodiment, the side part (part) of the door column member is overlapped and welded on the main body part of the outer plate horizontal bone member. As a structure in which the portion fits into the main body portion of each outer plate horizontal bone member, it is also possible to join by fillet welding.

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the mounting base 1 </ b> A of the door frame 1 is disposed outside the outer plate 3 constituting the doorway, and the door-end pillar member 2 ′ extends in parallel with the outer plate. A base plate portion 2A, a first side plate portion 2B extending from the one side edge of the base plate portion 2A toward the outer plate, and an attachment base portion 1A of the door frame 1 connected to the first side plate portion 2B with the outer plate 3 interposed therebetween. is a mounting flange portion 2D are laser welded, configured to have a fitting portion 2F which fit into the main body 4Aa outside extends from the other side edge to the outer panel 3 side plates transverse bone member 4A of the substrate portion 2A in .
(iii) It is also possible to adopt a structure using an auxiliary frame. In this case, as shown in FIG. 17, an auxiliary frame 41 having an L-shaped cross section is joined to the inside of the door frame 1 by fillet welding, and the door-end column member 2 ″ includes the substrate portion 2A ″, A side plate portion 2C extending toward the outer plate 3 from one side edge of the substrate portion 2A ″, and a body plate 4Aa of the outer plate horizontal bone member 4A extending from the front edge of the side plate portion 2C in parallel with the outer plate 3 are welded. It is also possible to have a configuration in which only the mounting flange portion 2E is provided and the other edge portion of the substrate portion 2A ″ is flare welded to the auxiliary frame 41.
(iv) In the above embodiment, as the welding means, partial penetration laser welding, that is, superimposing a plurality of plate-like members, continuously irradiating while moving the laser beam from the out-of-plane direction, the laser beam is applied. Heat and melt the region up to the inside of the plate-like member located on the opposite side of the irradiated plate-like member, so that the bottom of the molten pool generated thereby does not reach the outer surface of the opposite plate-like member, Using laser welding that joins the plurality of plate members while controlling the output of the laser beam or the beam moving speed, the outer surface of the outer plate corresponding to the outer surface of the opposite plate member is previously Although what used what was ground and processed in parallel with the welding line direction by the laser beam is described, the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the welding means, and the outer plate is also as described above. Naken It is not limited to those that have been polished.

(A) is sectional drawing which shows the door opening periphery of the side structure for rail vehicles which is one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, (b) is a perspective view which shows the same surface side. It is explanatory drawing of the constraints in the case of manufacturing the side structure for rail vehicles which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the side structure for rail vehicles which is one embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between an outer plate and an outer plate horizontal bone member. (A) (b) is explanatory drawing of the assembly method of a side structure, respectively. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the procedure which assembles the side structure of the railway vehicle which concerns on this invention. (A) is explanatory drawing of the principle of a laser welding joint, (b)-(d) is explanatory drawing of an outer panel, respectively. It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the side structure of the railway vehicle which concerns on this invention from the vehicle outer side. It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the side structure of the railway vehicle from the vehicle inner side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which looked at the side structure of the railway vehicle from the vehicle inner side. In the side structure of the rail vehicle which concerns on this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a door opening periphery. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing of the laser welding method, respectively. It is explanatory drawing about other embodiment. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing of the laser welding method about other embodiment, respectively. It is explanatory drawing about other embodiment. It is a perspective view about embodiment shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing about another embodiment. (A) (b) is explanatory drawing of the conventional stainless steel structure, respectively. (A) (b) is explanatory drawing about the state of a deformation | transformation of the conventional railway vehicle structure, respectively, (c) is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the conventional outer plate and an outer plate horizontal bone member. It is a perspective view which shows the state which looked at the structure of the door opening vicinity considered when using laser welding from the vehicle body inner side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which looked at the structure of the door opening vicinity from the vehicle body outer side.

Explanation of symbols

B Laser beam R Holding roller 1 Door frame 1A Mounting base 2, 2 'Door-end pillar member 2A, 2A "Substrate 2B First side plate 2C Second side plate 2D First mounting flange 2E Second mounting Flange 3 Outer plate 4A, 4A ', 4B Outer plate transverse bone member 4Aa Main body 4Ab, 4Ac Mounting flange 24 Window opening 25 Door opening 41 Auxiliary frame

Claims (8)

A door end post member an inner skins extending along the side edge of the door opening, and a plurality of outer plates transverse bone members extending in a direction perpendicular to the door leading end Columns are arranged with a door opening A side structure for a railway vehicle,
The door column member and the outer plate horizontal bone member are joined to the outer plate,
A door frame mounting base is provided on the side edge of the door opening on the outer side of the outer plate, and a joining line for the door column member on the inner portion of the outer plate corresponding to the portion where the mounting base is provided. A structure for a railway vehicle, characterized in that a joint line of the outer plate horizontal bone member and a stop end on the door opening side are located. The outer plate transverse bone member has a substantially U-shaped cross section and two mounting flange portions that are provided so as to extend in opposite directions from each other in succession to the edge of the main body and are joined to the outer plate. A cross-sectional hat shape having
A space portion is provided between the side edge of the door opening of the outer plate and the end edge of each outer plate horizontal bone member to allow the operation of joining the door column member to the outer plate. The structure for a railway vehicle according to claim 1.   3. The railcar according to claim 2, wherein the main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member is inclined so that an end edge on the door opening side becomes farther away from the door opening toward the inner side of the vehicle body. 4. Structure.   3. The railcar according to claim 2, wherein the outer plate horizontal bone member has an attachment flange portion extending toward the door opening side rather than the main body portion at an end portion on the door opening side. Structure.   The door-end pillar member includes a strip-shaped substrate portion extending in parallel with the outer plate, a first side plate portion extending from one side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate side, and the other side edge of the substrate portion. A second side plate portion that extends toward the outer plate side and is shorter than the first side plate portion, and is connected to the first side plate portion and is joined to the mounting base portion of the door frame with the outer plate interposed therebetween. It has a 1st attachment flange part and a 2nd attachment flange part connected with the main-body part of the said outer-plate horizontal-bone member connected with the said 2nd side plate part of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. A structure for a railway vehicle according to any one of the above.   The door-end pillar member includes a substrate portion extending in parallel with the outer plate, a first side plate portion extending from the one side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate side, and the outer plate from the other side edge of the substrate portion. A second side plate portion that extends to the side and is shorter than the first side plate portion, and is connected to the first side plate portion and joined to the mounting base of the door frame across the outer plate, or to the outer plate. It has a fitting flange part and a fitting part which are formed in the 2nd side plate part, and fit in the main-body part of the outer-plate horizontal bone member. Railway vehicle structure. An auxiliary frame having an L-shaped cross section is joined to the inside of the door frame,
The door-end pillar member extends in parallel with the outer plate, a substrate portion whose one side edge portion is joined to the auxiliary frame, a side plate portion that extends from the other side edge of the substrate portion toward the outer plate side, and the side plate. 5. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting flange portion that extends in parallel to the outer plate side from a front end edge of the portion and is joined to a main body portion of the outer plate horizontal bone member. Structure for use.   Joining of the door column member and the outer plate lateral bone member to the outer plate is performed by irradiating the welding position with a laser beam by moving the pressing roller while moving near the welding position along the welding line. The railway vehicle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the structure is performed by welding using laser welding means for performing welding.

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