JP4274562B2 - Maintenance structure in construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of maintenance structures in construction machines such as wheel loaders.

In general, a construction machine such as a wheel loader is provided with an engine room that houses an engine and a mechanical device such as a hydraulic pump that is driven by the power of the engine. It is necessary to open and close the cover so that maintenance such as inspection and repair of the mechanical device can be performed.
By the way, in a small construction machine such as a mini wheel loader, there is not enough space, and conventionally, the construction machine is operated on the upper surface of the engine hood that covers the upper part of the engine room so that it can be opened and closed. A seat on which an operator who sits is attached is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this case, when the engine hood is opened and closed for maintenance, the seat moves together with the engine hood.
JP-A-6-128982

However, when the seat is attached to the upper surface portion of the engine hood, the weight of the entire engine hood becomes heavy, and there is a problem that the opening and closing of the engine hood is troublesome and the maintainability is inferior.
Further, even a small construction machine such as the mini wheel loader may be required to cover the periphery of the seat with a cab in order to improve the operator's working environment. However, when the seat is attached to the upper surface of the engine hood and the periphery of the seat is covered with a cab, the cab interferes with the opening and closing of the engine hood. In the case of a forgiveness that is troublesome or in a cold region, there is a problem that warm air in the cab escapes to the outside.
Therefore, instead of covering the entire upper part of the engine room with an openable / closable engine hood, cover only the rear part of the seat mounting part with an openable / closable engine hood so that the weight of the engine hood does not increase. In addition, it is proposed that the engine hood can be opened and closed without removing the cab. However, in this case, even if the engine hood is opened to perform maintenance, the seat does not move.Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform maintenance work of the mechanical device stored under the seat, and the workability is inferior. There is a problem to be solved by the invention.

The present invention was created in view of the above-described circumstances in order to solve these problems, and the invention of claim 1 hangs down the floor surface of the driver's seat from the frame of the formation. A pair of left and right side frames that surround the left and right sides of the lower half of the engine room, a counterweight that surrounds the rear half of the lower half of the engine room, an engine hood that covers the upper half of the upper half of the engine room in an openable and closable manner, and the engine A seat mounting pedestal for mounting a seat on which an operator sits, a maintenance opening provided in the seat mounting pedestal, a seat being mounted, and the maintenance opening. A plate that detachably covers the cover, and a seat that is mounted and supported on the seat mounting base so as to cover the seat mounting base and the upper half of the upper half of the engine room. -A body, a sheet arrangement portion formed in the cover body, which is an opening hole having a size capable of fitting a plate, and left and right consoles that continuously surround the left and right sides and the rear side of the cover body sheet arrangement portion And a rear surface portion, and a front end upper portion of the engine hood is supported on the rear end upper portion of the cover body so as to be openable and closable, and the rear portion of the engine room can be maintained by opening the engine hood. With the cover attached to the seat mounting pedestal, detachably fastened to the seat mounting pedestal, and with the plate removed from the seat mounting pedestal, the front half of the engine room through the seat placement section and maintenance opening It is the maintenance structure in the construction machine characterized by having comprised so that maintenance of this can be performed .
And by doing in this way, the maintenance opening will be opened by removing the plate from the seat mounting base together with the seat, from which maintenance in the engine room below the seat can be performed and the seat is attached The plate can be attached and detached as it is, so that the plate can be easily attached and detached, and the maintenance is excellent.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, 1 is a wheel loader, and the wheel loader 1 can swing left and right between a rear vehicle 1A provided with a rear wheel 2 and a front vehicle 1B provided with a front wheel 3 via a connecting portion 1C. It is connected and configured. The rear vehicle 1A includes an engine room 5 in which mechanical devices such as the engine 4 are accommodated, a driver seat 8 in which a seat 6 on which an operator sits, a steering wheel 7 and the like are arranged, a fuel tank and a hydraulic oil tank (not shown). The front vehicle 1B is basically equipped with a working device 11 including a bucket 9, an arm 10 and the like. The driver seat 8 of the loader 1 is covered with a cab 12.

  A rear frame 13 serves as a base for the rear vehicle 1A. The rear frame 13 is suspended from the gantry frame 14 that forms the floor surface of the driver's seat 8, and the gantry frame 14, and faces in the front-rear direction. It comprises a pair of left and right side frames 15L, 15R having a surface. The connecting portion 1C is attached and supported between the front end portions of the left and right side frames 15L and 15R, and the engine room is located between the left and right side frames 15L and 15R on the rear side of the connecting portion 1C. The lower half of 5 is formed.

  On the other hand, the gantry frame 14 is integrally formed on the left and right sides of the gantry frame central portion 14S and the gantry frame central portion 14S, which are supported between the upper ends of the front half portions of the left and right side frames 15L and 15R, and the side frames 15L and 15R. The left and right gantry frame side portions 14L and 14R project outward from the left and right sides, but the rear half of the gantry frame side portions 14L and 14R extends rearward from the rear end of the gantry frame center portion 14S. It has been installed. Thus, the rear half portions of the gantry frame side portions 14L and 14R are in an open state, whereby the left and right side frames 15L and 15R are disposed above the rear half portions of the gantry frame side portions 14L and 14R. The upper half of the engine room 5 is formed in a state of being continuous with the lower half of the engine room 5 formed therebetween.

  The engine room 5 houses various mechanical devices such as the engine 4, a cooling device 16 such as a radiator and an oil cooler, a hydraulic device 17 such as a hydraulic pump driven by the power of the engine 4, an HST device, and a battery (not shown). However, the lower half of the engine room 5 is surrounded by the left and right side frames 15L and 15R and the counterweight 18, while the upper half of the engine room 5 is covered by a cover body 19 described later. The rear half is covered with an openable / closable engine hood 20.

  Here, the rear lower end portion of the cab 12 that covers the driver's seat 8 is supported on the rear end upper portion of the cover body 19, and the front end upper portion of the engine hood 20 is interposed via a hinge device (not shown). In this case, the part where the engine hood 20 is supported is designed to be located on the rear side of the part where the cab 12 is supported. The engine hood 20 can be opened and closed without being obstructed. By opening the engine hood 20, maintenance of mechanical devices housed in the rear half of the engine room 5, such as the engine 4, the cooling device 16, and the battery, can be performed on a daily basis. The front and rear columns 12 a of the cab 12 are attached to and supported by the gantry frame 14.

  On the other hand, 21 is a seat support for supporting the seat 6 on which the operator sits, and the seat support 21 has four leg portions whose lower ends are bolted to the left and right frame frame side portions 14L and 14R. 21a and a horizontal seat mounting base 21b fixed between the upper portions of the four leg portions 21a.

  The seat mounting base 21b of the seat support 21 is positioned above the front half side of the engine room 5, and a maintenance opening 21c is formed in the seat mounting base 21b, from which the front half of the engine room 5 is opened. Maintenance of hydraulic equipment 17 such as a hydraulic device such as a hydraulic pump can be performed.

  Reference numeral 22 denotes a plate for covering the maintenance opening 21c, and the plate 22 is set to a size larger than that of the maintenance opening 21c. The plate 22 is detachably fastened to the upper surface of the seat mounting base 21b via bolts 23 so that the maintenance opening 21c can be opened and closed. The attachment / detachment to / from the mounting base 21b will be described later.

  A sheet guide 24 that guides the sheet 6 so as to be movable back and forth is fastened to the upper surface of the plate 22 by bolts 25. The seat 6 is attached to the upper surface side of the plate 22 via the seat guide 24 so that the position of the seat 6 can be adjusted. The plate 22 is attached to and detached from the seat mounting base 21b while the seat 6 is attached to the plate 22. The bolt 23 for fixing the plate 22 to the seat mounting base 21 b is set so as to be positioned outside the lower surface of the seat 6 so that the plate 22 can be attached. Reference numeral 26 denotes a lever for moving the seat 6 back and forth.

  Further, a heat insulating material 27 having a size that can be fitted into the maintenance opening 21c is fixed to the lower surface portion of the plate 22, and the heat of the engine 4 is transmitted to the operator sitting on the seat 6 by the heat insulating material 27. Can be prevented.

  On the other hand, the cover body 19 that covers the front half of the upper half of the engine room 5 is attached to and supported by the gantry frame 14 via the seat support 21 described above. That is, the cover body 19 has a square hole-shaped sheet arrangement portion 19a in the center, and the left and right sides and the rear side of the sheet arrangement portion 19a are integrally formed with the left and right consoles 19b and 19c and the rear surface portion. It is surrounded continuously by 19d. The left and right consoles 19b and 19c are provided with operation tools such as an operation lever 28 and an operation switch (not shown). Further, a skirt portion 19e extending downward is extended from the left and right consoles 19b and 19c. ing. The cover body 19 is attached to and supported by the seat support 21 by fixing the outer peripheral side portion of the seat disposing portion 19a to the four corners on the upper surface of the seat mounting base 21b of the seat support 21. In this state, the skirt portion 19e covers the outer peripheral side of the four leg portions 21a of the seat support 21, and the lower end edge portion of the skirt portion 19e comes into contact with the upper surface of the gantry frame 14. The cover body 19 is configured to cover the front half of the upper half of the engine room 5.

  Here, the sheet disposing portion 19a of the cover body 19 has substantially the same shape as the plate 22 that closes the maintenance opening 21c described above, and is sized so that the plate 22 can be fitted inside. Then, with the cover body 19 attached to the seat mounting base 21b, the maintenance opening 21c is located on the inner peripheral side of the sheet arranging portion 19a, and the plate 22 that closes the maintenance opening 21c is the sheet arranging portion. It fits within 19a. Thus, with the cover body 19 still attached to the seat mounting base 21b, the plate 22 to which the seat 6 is attached is fitted into the sheet disposing portion 19a of the cover body 19, and the plate 22 is seated in this state. By fixing the bolt 23 to the mounting base 21b, the sheet 6 is disposed in the sheet disposing portion 19a, and the maintenance opening 21c is covered by the plate 22 (see FIG. 4). 4, the sheet 6 is omitted.) On the other hand, when opening the maintenance opening 21c, the bolts 23 may be loosened to remove the plate 22 from the seat mounting base 21b.

  The gantry frame 14 forming the floor of the driver's seat 8 is provided with a maintenance hole 30 in a front portion of the cover body 19, and the maintenance hole 30 is a detachable lid. It is blocked by the body 31. Then, by removing the lid 31, maintenance of the mechanical device housed in the front portion of the engine room 5, such as the hydraulic equipment 17 for the HST device, can be performed.

  In the present embodiment configured as described, the engine room 5 is covered with an engine hood 20 that can be freely opened and closed on the rear side, while the front side is covered with a cover body 19 that is fixed to the gantry frame 14 via a seat support 21. Covered. The seat 6 on which the operator sits is disposed on the sheet disposing portion 19a of the cover body 19 in a state of being mounted and supported on the sheet mounting base 21b of the sheet support 21, and the rear surface of the cab 12 covering the sheet 6 The lower end is supported on the upper rear end of the cover body 19.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, even if the seat 6 is disposed above the engine room 5, the seat 6 is not provided in the engine hood 20 that can be freely opened and closed. Since it is arranged on the cover body 19 fixed to the 14 side, the engine hood 20 does not increase in weight as in the case where a seat is attached to the engine hood, and the cab 12 does not obstruct the engine. Since the hood 20 can be opened and closed, the engine hood 20 can be easily opened and closed. In this case, when maintenance of the mechanical device housed in the engine room 5 below the seat 6 is performed, This is done by opening the maintenance opening 21c opened in the seat mounting base 21b.

  That is, a maintenance opening 21c is formed in the seat mounting base 21b, and the maintenance opening 21c is covered with a plate 22 that is detachably bolted to the seat mounting base 21b. Yes. The seat 6 is attached to the upper surface portion of the plate 22. Thus, by removing the plate 22 together with the seat 6 from the seat mounting base 21b, a maintenance opening 21c is opened. Maintenance can be performed.

  In addition, the plate 22 can be attached to and detached from the seat mounting base 21b with the plate 22 attached to the seat 6 and further with the cover body 19 attached to the seat mounting base 21b. Therefore, the maintenance opening 21c can be opened and closed simply by attaching and detaching the plate 22.

  As a result, even if the seat 6 disposed above the engine room 5 is mounted and supported on the seat mounting base 21b fixed to the gantry frame 14 side, the seat 6 is stored in the engine room 5 below the seat 6. As a result, the maintenance of the machine apparatus to be performed can be easily performed, and the maintainability is excellent.

  In this embodiment, a wheel loader provided with a cab has been described as an example. However, even in a construction machine not provided with a cab, a seat mounting base is disposed above the engine room. Of course, the present invention can be implemented.

It is a side view of a wheel loader. It is a perspective view of a seat support. It is a top view of a cover body and an engine hood part in the state where a plate was removed. It is a perspective view which shows attachment of a plate. It is a side view of the seat attachment part which abbreviate | omitted the cover body. It is XX arrow line view of FIG. It is a YY arrow line view of FIG. (A) is a top view of a plate, (B) is XX sectional drawing of (A).

Explanation of symbols

5 Engine room 6 Seat 19 Cover body 21b Mounting base 21c Maintenance opening 22 Plate

Claims (1)

A pair of left and right side frames that hang down from the frame that forms the floor of the driver's seat and surround the lower left and right sides of the engine room, a counterweight that surrounds the lower rear part of the engine room, and the upper part of the engine room An engine hood that covers the rear half of the half so that it can be opened and closed, a seat mounting base that is disposed above the front half of the upper half of the engine room, and for seating an operator seat, and is opened on the seat mounting base. A maintenance opening, a plate to which a seat is attached, and a cover that detachably covers the maintenance opening; a cover body that is attached to and supported by the seat mounting base to cover the seat mounting base and the upper half of the upper half of the engine room A sheet disposition portion formed in the cover body and having an opening hole with a size that allows the plate to be fitted therein, and a cover body sheet disposition portion. Left and right consoles and rear surface portions that continuously surround both right and rear sides, and an upper front end of the engine hood is supported to be openable and closable at an upper rear end of the cover body. With the plate mounted on the seat mounting base while the cover is mounted on the seat mounting base, the plate is detached from the seat mounting base and the plate is removed from the seat mounting base. A maintenance structure in a construction machine, characterized in that maintenance of the first half of the engine room can be performed through the seat arrangement portion and the maintenance opening .

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