JP4270812B2 - Elevator ventilation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator capable of holding airtightness and controlling an atmospheric pressure inside a car (1) by using pressurizing and depressurizing means (2, 3), comprising the car (1) having ventilating means (10) for natural or forcible ventilation, the ventilating means (10) further comprising ventilating windows (11) formed in the ceiling of the car, ventilating window plates (12c) for closing the ventilating windows, lock means (13) normally locked to the ventilating window plates so as to close airtight the ventilating windows and, when receiving a normal power failure signal, releasing the lock, and window open/close means (12) for opening the ventilating window plates, when the lock is released, by the weights of weights (12f) suspended from the other end parts of wire ropes (12e) fixed to the ventilating window plates, whereby the safety of passengers can be assured by allowing the inside of the car to be ventilated when a power fails due to a trouble with the elevator.

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elevator ventilator for ventilating a passenger car at the time of a power failure of a regular power source accompanying an elevator failure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, along with the increase in the number of buildings, the speed of elevators and the comfort of riding are required. When the height of the building exceeds 300 m, the passengers of the elevator may feel uncomfortable due to changes in the atmospheric pressure during ascent and descent. In addition, if the ascending / descending speed becomes very high, there is a possibility that the auditory function of the passenger may be physiologically affected.
[0003]
Therefore, from the viewpoint of reducing the influence as described above as much as possible, a barometric pressure control device that changes the barometric pressure inside the car according to the barometric pressure outside the car has been proposed.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8, this elevator is provided with an air supply blower 2 that pressurizes the interior of the car 1 and an exhaust blower 3 that decompresses the interior of the car 1 at the top of the car 1, for example, from the top floor of a high-rise building. When descending to the lowest floor at a stretch, the air blower 2 is driven to control the pressurization in the car 1 in the first half of the descent, and the exhaust blower 3 is driven to reduce the pressure in the car 1 in the second half of the descent. It has a configuration.
[0005]
That is, when the car 1 suddenly descends, the air pressure outside the car 1 changes as shown by the broken line in FIG. 9 and the amount of change in air pressure per unit time becomes the largest during the descent, whereas the car 1 As shown by the solid line in the figure, the air blower 2 and the exhaust blower 3 are driven and controlled so that the amount of change in air pressure per unit time is constant, and the physiological effect on the auditory function of passengers inside the car Has eased.
[0006]
By the way, in order to change the air pressure in the car 1 to an optimum state, it is necessary to improve the airtightness inside the car 1.
[0007]
Conventionally, as a technique for improving the airtightness of the car 1, the following two airtightness maintaining techniques have been considered. One of them is a technology that covers the gap between the car room and the door panel so as to cover the intersection between the car room and the door panel of the car 1 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-2155). One is a technique in which a close contact material is provided so as to be in close contact with the door panel side from the car compartment of the car 1 (JP-A-6-247675).
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, all of the technologies described above are intended to completely shield the air inside and outside the car, and it was thought that the power supply was cut off while the passengers were trapped because the elevator stopped. Not. When electric power is supplied to the car from a normal power source that is normally used, the air pressure can be supplied and exhausted by driving the blowers 2 and 3 for pressure control. Absent.
[0009]
However, there may be a case where the regular power supply fails due to the breakdown of the elevator. Under such circumstances, the drive control of the blowers 2 and 3 for pressure control is impossible, and the elevator car itself has a highly airtight structure, so that ventilation in the car becomes impossible. The oxygen concentration in the car is lowered, which not only makes passengers uncomfortable, but also may impair safety.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an elevator ventilation device that realizes ventilation in a car at the time of a power failure of a regular power supply caused by an elevator failure and ensures passenger safety. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, an elevator ventilation apparatus according to the present invention is provided on the output side of a battery power supply device that can supply required power and the battery power supply, and is normally supplied with power from a control panel or a regular power supply. A switch that maintains an open state based on the power supply, and closes the switch when the power supply of the regular power supply fails, and alternately switches the pressurizing unit and the depressurizing unit with power from the battery power supply device when the switch is closed. It is the structure provided with the ventilation means for forced ventilation which has a ventilation drive means which drives and forcibly ventilates the inside of the said car.
[0012]
The present invention is configured as described above, so that when the regular power source that is always used fails, the pressurizing means and the pressurizing means are powered by the power from the battery power supply device on condition that the regular power source has received a power failure signal. Since the pressure reducing means is operated alternately, it becomes possible to forcibly ventilate the inside of the car even in the event of a power failure, and to ensure passenger safety.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a passenger car explaining an embodiment of an elevator ventilation apparatus according to the present invention.
[0021]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a car 1 that lifts and lowers passengers. The car 1 extends over a car floor 4, a side panel 5 standing on the car floor 4, and an upper part of the side panel 5. Covered ceiling 6, entrance pillars 7 standing on both sides of the door opening in the front of the car, car door panel 8 slidably provided on the door opening and the gap between the upper part of the car door panel 8 and the ceiling 6 In order to realize airtight control of the interior of the car, it is assembled so as to maintain very high airtightness.
[0022]
Further, as described above, an air supply blower 2 for pressurizing the inside of the car 1 and an exhaust blower 3 for reducing the pressure of the car 1 are installed at the upper part of the car 1, and the power of a normal power source that is normally used is installed. Is used to control the air pressure in the car interior by controlling the blowers 2 and 3 and changing the amount of air inside the car.
[0023]
Further, at least one ventilation means 10 is provided on the ceiling 6 of the car 1.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2 which is represented by the AA arrow cross section of FIG. 1, the ventilation means 10 is provided with one or more ventilation windows 11 formed in, for example, a rectangular shape at a required portion of the ceiling 6. A window opening / closing device 12 is installed on the one ceiling 6 side of the window 11, and a lock device 13 is installed on the other ceiling 6 side of the ventilation window 11.
[0025]
The window opening / closing device 12 is provided with a support block 12a having a required height, and a ventilation window which is rotatably mounted with the support block 12a as a fixed end, and an engagement member 12b is provided on the opposite side of the support block 12a. A plate 12c, a pulley 12d installed at an upper position of the ventilation window plate 12c, and a weight 12f fixedly supported by the ventilation window plate 12c and suspended from an end of the wire 12e spanned over the pulley 12d. It is configured.
[0026]
On the other hand, the locking device 13 includes an electromagnet 13a, an arm 13b penetrating through the electromagnet 13a, and an arm 13b that is moved forward by electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 13a when the normal power is supplied. There is provided an elastic member 13c that is engaged with and locked to the member 12b and releases the lock by retracting the arm 13b by its own elastic force when a power failure occurs at the regular power source.
[0027]
In order to maintain the airtightness between the ceiling 6 and the ventilation window plate 12 b, for example, an airtight holding packing 14 is attached to the edge portion of the opening portion that becomes the ventilation window 11.
[0028]
In such a ventilation means 10, when the regular power is supplied, the arm 13b moves forward by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 13a as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and the engagement member 12b attached to the ventilation window 12c is attached to the engagement member 12b. Since it engages, the ventilation window plate 12c is locked with the ventilation window 11 closed. At this time, since the ventilation window plate 12c is closed in a state in which the airtight holding packing 14 is pressed, the inside of the car is sealed.
[0029]
However, when the car 1 stops in the hoistway due to a failure of the elevator and the normal power supply fails, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 13a does not work. Conversely, the arm 13b moves backward by the elastic force of the elastic member 13c, and the arm 13b Is released from the engagement member 12b of the ventilation window plate 12c and the lock is released, so that the ventilation window plate 12c is lifted by the weight of the weight 12f suspended on the wire 12e hung around the pulley 12d, and the ventilation window plate 12c is ventilated. The window 11 is in an open state, and the inside of the car 1 can be ventilated.
[0030]
Therefore, according to the embodiment as described above, when a passenger is trapped in the car due to a power failure as well as being stopped due to a failure of the elevator, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 13a does not work upon receiving a power failure signal of the regular power source, The elastic member 13c is released by the elastic force of the arm 13b from the engaging member 12b, and the lock is released. Therefore, the ventilation window 11 is opened, and the air in the car circulates with the outside air, so that the natural ventilation state is set. Can do.
[0031]
Therefore, the passenger confined in the car 1 does not become deficient in oxygen, and as a result, the passenger's sense of security or safety can be ensured.
[0032]
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a car for explaining another embodiment of the elevator ventilation apparatus according to the present invention.
[0033]
The car 1 is composed of a car floor 4, a side panel 5, a ceiling 6, an entrance post 7, a car door panel 8, a curtain plate 9 and the like as in FIG. 1, and is assembled so as to maintain a very high airtightness. ing. In addition, an air supply blower 2 and an exhaust blower 3 are provided at the upper part of the car 1, and the air pressure in the car 1 is changed to control the atmospheric pressure in the car room.
[0034]
In this embodiment of the ventilation means 10, the car door panels 8 are attached to the butt upper portions of the car door panels 8 so as to be overlapped with each other when the car door panel 8 is closed, and long holes 21la and 21ha are formed in the surface portions to be superposed on each other. Door opening range restriction members 21l and 21h, an emergency battery power supply device 22 capable of supplying the required power, and provided on the output side of the battery power supply device 22, which are normally a control panel (not shown) and others A switch (not shown) that maintains an open state based on power from a regular power source or the like and that is closed when a power failure occurs in the regular power source, and when the switch is closed and receives power from the battery power supply 22 The long holes 21la and 21 are formed in the overlapped portions of the front end portions of the door opening range restricting members 21l and 21h extending from the car door panel 8 side. It is constituted by a stopper device 23 for inserting the stop pin 23a to a. The long holes 21la and 21ha of the door opening range restricting members 21l and 21h are lengths for restricting the door opening range of the car door panel 8 that is opened by a passenger opening operation. That is, the length of the long hole is a length that means a door opening range that allows ventilation to the outside when the car door panel 8 is opened, but does not cause a dangerous state for passengers in the car. is there.
[0035]
Further, when a power failure occurs in the regular power supply, a part of the output of the battery power supply device 22 is used, and the car door panel 8 is returned to a regular power supply that opens and closes in a normal state, and the car door panel 8 is automatically within the restricted door opening range. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that opens automatically.
[0036]
Therefore, in the ventilation means 10 as described above, during operation of the elevator, it is operated in a state that is not different from the conventional one, but when the elevator stops due to a failure and power supply from a regular power source such as a control panel is not performed, Passengers are trapped in the car.
[0037]
At this time, when power is not supplied from the regular power supply, the switch connected to the output line of the battery power supply device 22 is closed, so that power from the battery power supply device 22 is supplied to the stopper device 23. As a result, the stopper device 23 operates to advance the stop pin 23a, so that the stop pin 23a is inserted into the long holes 21la and 21ha formed in the two door opening range restricting members 21l and 21h. Therefore, when the passenger opens the car door panel 8 when the passenger is in an uncomfortable state due to lack of oxygen or the like after this stop stage, the length of the long holes 21la and 21ha of the door opening range restricting members 21l and 21h is increased. The car door panel 8 is opened by an amount corresponding to this. The opening amount of the car door panel 8 is, for example, 10 to 15 cm so that there is no possibility that the passenger falls to the hoistway and the ventilation of the car room is sufficiently maintained.
[0038]
FIG. 4 shows a state in which the stopper device 23 is operated and the car door panel 8 is opened by a length regulated by the lengths of the long holes 21la and 21ha.
[0039]
As described above, when power is not supplied, if a part of the output of the battery power supply device 22 is returned to the regular power supply when the car door panel 8 is opened and closed for a predetermined time, the car door panel 8 is within the door open range. Can be opened automatically.
[0040]
Therefore, according to the embodiment as described above, even if the passenger is confined in the car 1, the car door panel 8 can be opened artificially or automatically, and as a result, the inside of the car can be surely secured. Ventilation is possible and passenger safety can be secured.
[0041]
(Third embodiment : corresponding to claim 1 )
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a car for explaining still another embodiment of the elevator ventilation apparatus according to the present invention.
[0042]
The car 1 is composed of a car floor 4, a side panel 5, a ceiling 6, an entrance post 7, a car door panel 8, a curtain plate 9 and the like as in FIG. 1, and is assembled so as to maintain a very high airtightness. ing. In addition, an air supply blower 2 and an exhaust blower 3 are provided at the upper part of the car 1, and the air pressure in the car is changed to change the air pressure in the car.
[0043]
The embodiment of the ventilation means 10 is configured to ventilate the passenger car 1 by effectively using the air supply blower 2 and the exhaust blower 3 that are already used for atmospheric pressure control.
[0044]
Specifically, an emergency battery power supply 31 that can supply the required power, and an electric power from a control panel (not shown) or other regular power supply provided at the output side of the battery power supply 31 at all times. And a switch (not shown) that is kept open when the normal power supply is interrupted, and the battery blower 2 and the exhaust are alternately supplied from the battery power supply device 22 every predetermined time when the switch is closed. By driving the blower 3, the air in the car is supplied and exhausted to ventilate the car interior.
[0045]
Therefore, according to this elevator conversion device, when the regular power supply is no longer supplied, the output of the battery power supply device 31 is used to supply the air supply blower 2 and the exhaust blower already used for atmospheric pressure control. 3 is used effectively, and the air in the car is supplied and exhausted. Therefore, even if the passenger is confined in the car, the car can be reliably ventilated and the safety of the passenger can be ensured.
[0046]
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a car for explaining still another embodiment of the elevator controller according to the present invention.
[0047]
The car 1 is composed of a car floor 4, a side panel 5, a ceiling 6, an entrance post 7, a car door panel 8, a curtain plate 9 and the like as in FIG. 1, and is assembled so as to maintain a very high airtightness. ing. In addition, an air supply blower 2 and an exhaust blower 3 are provided at the upper part of the car 1, and the air pressure in the car 1 is changed to control the atmospheric pressure in the car room.
[0048]
In the embodiment of the ventilation means 10, specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a ventilation window 41 formed in a square shape, for example, is opened at a required portion of the ceiling 6, and the ventilation window 41 is opened from the inside of the car. A ventilation window plate 42 that can be opened and closed by a predetermined procedure is closed so as to maintain high airtightness.
[0049]
In addition, an emergency battery power supply device 43 and an output side of the battery power supply device 43 are provided at a required portion of the ceiling 6 of the car 1, and are normally supplied from a control panel (not shown) or other regular power supply. A message indicating the procedure for opening the ventilation window plate 42 and the switch 44 that is kept open based on the power and that is closed when the power supply of the regular power supply is shut off, and the power of the battery power supply device 43 is supplied through the switch 44. In this case, a message playback device 45 that plays back and outputs message information and a sound generator 46 that outputs the message information output from the message playback device 45 are provided.
[0050]
The car 1 is equipped with a power lamp such as a miniature light bulb, and uses a small amount of power from the battery power supply for the power lamp to turn on the power lamp in an emergency.
[0051]
Therefore, in the elevator conversion apparatus as described above, when the elevator is in operation, the operation is performed in a state that is not different from the conventional one, but the elevator stops due to a failure and power is supplied from a regular power source such as a control panel. When it is not blocked, passengers are trapped in the car.
[0052]
At this time, when the power supply from the regular power supply is not performed, the switch 44 connected to the output line of the battery power supply device 43 is closed, and the power from the battery power supply device 43 is supplied to the message reproduction device 45. Since the message playback device 45 has already recorded a message for opening the ventilation window plate 42 from the inside of the car according to a predetermined procedure, when power is supplied from the battery power supply device 43, the message playback device 45 executes the playback operation and generates sound. How to open the ventilation window plate 42 from the vessel 46 is repeatedly generated as a message.
[0053]
The passenger can easily open the ventilation window plate 42 by performing an opening operation in accordance with the message content from the car 1 according to a predetermined procedure.
[0054]
Therefore, when power is not supplied from the regular power source, a message is output automatically from the sound generator 46 on how to open the ventilation window plate 42, so that passengers confined in the car can perform an opening operation according to the message content. If this is done, the inside of the car can be ventilated, and as a result, the safety of passengers can be ensured.
[0055]
(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a car for explaining still another embodiment of the elevator controller according to the present invention.
[0056]
The car 1 is composed of a car floor 4, a side panel 5, a ceiling 6, an entrance post 7, a car door panel 8, a curtain plate 9 and the like as in FIG. 1, and is assembled so as to maintain a very high airtightness. ing. An air supply blower 2 and an exhaust blower 3 are provided at the upper part of the car 1, and the air pressure in the car is controlled by changing the amount of air in the car.
[0057]
The embodiment of this ventilation means is the same as the fourth embodiment in that a battery power supply device 43, a switch 44, a message reproduction device 45, and a sound generator 46 are provided.
[0058]
In particular, the message playback device 45 is provided with general precautions by providing a breaker film 51 such as an aluminum thin film that can be broken when it is pushed hard by a human hand on the ceiling 6 of the car 1. A message explaining the destruction procedure that can be easily destroyed by human power without being overwhelmed is recorded, and when power is not supplied, when power is automatically supplied from the battery power supply device 43, a reproduction operation is executed. Then, the destruction procedure is repeatedly generated from the voice generator 46 as a message. The passenger can easily break the rupture film 51 by pressing the car from the inside of the car room according to the content of the message.
[0059]
Therefore, when the power supply is stopped, a message for the destruction procedure is automatically output from the sound generator 46, so that the passenger trapped in the car room can reliably confirm the destruction by destroying the destruction film 51 according to the content of the message. It becomes possible to ventilate the inside of the car room, thereby ensuring the safety of passengers.
[0060]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0061]
For example, when an oxygen cylinder is stored in a predetermined place of a cab and power supply is not performed, the message reproduction device 45 is automatically operated by supplying power from the battery power supply device 43, and the oxygen generator By outputting a message indicating the storage location and handling method, oxygen may be supplied into the car room by the passenger's own operation.
[0062]
In addition, when power is not supplied from the regular power supply due to a failure, it is also possible to automatically notify the passenger of a response method at the time of failure from the sound generator 46 by a voice message.
[0063]
In addition, the embodiments can be implemented in combination as much as possible, and in that case, the effect of the combination can be obtained. Further, each of the above embodiments includes various higher-level and lower-level inventions, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, when an invention is extracted because some constituent elements can be omitted from all the constituent elements described in the means for solving the problem, the omitted part is used when the extracted invention is implemented. Is appropriately supplemented by well-known conventional techniques.
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator ventilator that can automatically or artificially ventilate a car and ensure the safety of passengers even when the elevator is out of order.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a passenger car equipped with an elevator ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator ventilation device provided in the car shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a passenger car equipped with an elevator ventilation device as another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of an elevator ventilation apparatus provided in the car shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a passenger car equipped with an elevator ventilation device as still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a passenger car equipped with an elevator ventilation device as still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a passenger car provided with an elevator ventilation device as still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional car equipped with a barometric pressure control system.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change state of the atmospheric pressure inside the car when the car descends and when the air pressure is controlled by the atmospheric pressure control system shown in FIG. 8;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Car 2 ... Air supply blower 3 ... Exhaust blower 4 ... Car floor 5 ... Side panel 6 ... Ceiling 8 ... Car door panel 10 ... Ventilation means 11, 41 ... Ventilation window 12 ... Window opening and closing device 12c, 42 ... Ventilation window board 13 ... Lock devices 21l, 21h ... Door opening range restricting members 22, 31 ... Battery power supply device 23 ... Stopper device 43 ... Battery power supply device 44 ... Switch 45 ... Message playback device 46 ... Sound generator 51 ... Breaking membrane

Claims (1)

In an elevator that controls the pressure inside a car configured to maintain airtightness using pressurizing / depressurizing means,
A battery power supply device that can supply the required power, a switch that is provided on the output side of the battery power supply device and that is normally kept open based on power from the control panel or the regular power supply, and a power failure of the regular power supply A ventilation driving means for forcibly ventilating the inside of the car by setting the switch to a closed state, and alternately driving the pressurizing means and the pressure-reducing means by electric power from the battery power supply device when the switch is closed; An elevator ventilator comprising a ventilation means for forced ventilation.

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