JP4236850B2 - Method for producing fish-derived collagen peptide, and food and drink and cosmetics containing fish-derived collagen peptide obtained by the method - Google Patents

Method for producing fish-derived collagen peptide, and food and drink and cosmetics containing fish-derived collagen peptide obtained by the method Download PDF

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JP4236850B2
JP4236850B2 JP2002037933A JP2002037933A JP4236850B2 JP 4236850 B2 JP4236850 B2 JP 4236850B2 JP 2002037933 A JP2002037933 A JP 2002037933A JP 2002037933 A JP2002037933 A JP 2002037933A JP 4236850 B2 JP4236850 B2 JP 4236850B2
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fish
collagen
collagen peptide
mass
extract
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JP2003238597A (en
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宣行 杉田
美智子 齊藤
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Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、魚特有の味や臭いがなく、ヒ素含量の少ない魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチド及びその製造方法、該コラーゲンペプチドを含有する飲食品及び化粧品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
動物の主要構成タンパク質であるコラーゲンは、生体内において細胞と細胞の隙間を埋めている「細胞外マトリックス」成分として、水に不溶の繊維状や膜状の構造体を形成している。
【0003】
コラーゲンやコラーゲンを熱変性して水溶性にしたゼラチンは、古くから接着剤(いわゆる膠)として利用されているほか、写真乳剤、製紙、染色、食品、化粧品、医薬品等の幅広い分野で利用されている。
【0004】
また、コラーゲンの加水分解物であるコラーゲンペプチドは、高分子のコラーゲンに比べて水への溶解度が高く低粘度であり、生体内への吸収性が高く、様々な生理効果が期待できることから、機能性素材として飲食品や化粧品分野で盛んに利用されるようになっている。
【0005】
コラーゲンは、工業的には牛や豚等の家畜や魚を解体、加工する際に副生する骨、腱、皮等から抽出して製造されているが、近年の狂牛病や豚口蹄疫等の家畜疫病の発生によって、安全性の面から畜肉由来のコラーゲンは敬遠される傾向にあり、より安全な魚類由来のコラーゲンが注目されるようになった。
【0006】
従来、魚類由来のコラーゲンやコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法としては、例えば、脱灰した魚燐から酸性水溶液でコラーゲンを抽出し、塩析やpH調整によりコラーゲンを回収する方法(特開平5−93000号公報)、脱灰した魚燐をペプシン処理してペプシン可溶性コラーゲンを抽出し、塩析やpH調整によりコラーゲンを回収する方法(特開平5−125100号公報)、海洋生物の皮膚を脱脂した後、有機酸によりコラーゲンを抽出してペプシン等でアテロ化した後、精製膜を通過させて不純物を除去し、濃縮用膜に通過させて濃縮した後、滅菌ろ過工程を経て酵素可溶化コラーゲンを得る方法(特開2001−200000号公報)等が開示されている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記公報に開示された製造方法は、いずれも工業的なコラーゲン(あるいはコラーゲンペプチド)の製造方法としてはあまり適していなかった。
【0008】
すなわち、特開平5−93000号公報や特開平5−125100号公報に開示された製造方法では、▲1▼原料の魚燐を大量に集めることが困難である、▲2▼塩析や透析などの煩雑な操作が必要である、▲3▼魚類原料には畜肉原料に比べて多くのヒ素が含まれており、抽出、精製過程でヒ素が濃縮されて商品の価値を著しく低下させてしまう可能性がある、などの問題があった。
【0009】
また、特開2001−200000号公報に開示された製造方法では、▲1▼コラーゲンペプチドの精製及び濃縮に2回の膜処理が必要である上に、更に透析操作が必要であるため手間がかかる、▲2▼2種類の分離膜を用いる必要があるため設備投資費が高くなってしまう、▲3▼濃縮に分子量分画1000K未満〜10Kの限外濾過膜を用いるため平均分子量の小さなコラーゲンペプチド、すなわち低粘度の製品を得ることができない、▲4▼分子量の小さなコラーゲンペプチドを回収できないので収率が低い、などの問題があった。
【0010】
そして、従来の魚類由来のコラーゲンやコラーゲンペプチドは、魚特有の味や臭いを有すること、特にコラーゲンペプチドは加熱した際に着色しやすいことなどから、その利用範囲が非常に限られてしまうという問題があった。
【0011】
したがって、本発明の目的は、飲食品や化粧品等にも好適に使用でき、魚特有の味や臭いが少なく、安全性に優れた魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法を提供することにある。また、本発明のもう一つの目的は、上記コラーゲンペプチドを含有する飲食品及び化粧品を提供することにある。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法は、魚皮及び/又は魚骨に水を加えて加熱抽出又は加圧加熱抽出し、コラーゲンを含む抽出物を調製する工程と、前記抽出物をタンパク加水分解酵素で酵素分解する工程と、前記抽出物の酵素分解物を食塩阻止率10〜50%の逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製し、固形分中の遊離アミノ酸含量が1.0質量%以下、ヒ素含量が2ppm以下とする工程とを含むことを特徴とする。
【0016】
本発明の製造方法によれば、コラーゲンを含む抽出物を酵素分解した後、逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製することにより、魚特有の味や臭いの元となる成分及びヒ素を1ステップで除去することができる。すなわち、食塩阻止率が10〜50%の逆浸透膜を用いるので、魚特有の味や臭いの元となる成分及びヒ素を効率よく除去することができ、固形分中の遊離アミノ酸含量が1.0質量%以下、ヒ素含量が2ppm以下とすることができる。このため、従来の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドに比べて魚特有の味や臭いがほとんどなく、安全性も非常に高く、畜肉由来品の代替として幅広い分野に利用することができる。また、分子量の小さなコラーゲンペプチドを損失することなく回収できるので収率を向上することができる。
【0017】
本発明の製造方法においては、前記酵素分解物の固形分濃度を15質量%以下になるように調整し、pH4〜7、液温60℃以下で循環しながら、前記逆浸透膜で、固形分濃度25質量%以上になるまで濃縮を行うことが好ましい。
また、前記逆浸透膜を用いた濃縮、精製工程よりも前のいずれかの工程において、前記抽出物又は前記酵素分解物を、活性炭、アルミナ、シリカゲル、及び活性白土から選ばれた少なくとも1種からなる固体吸着剤を用いて、脱色、脱臭する工程を含むことが好ましい。この態様によれば、抽出や酵素分解する際に生じた抽出液の着色を除去しやすく、また、逆浸透膜の目詰まりを防止できるので膜処理の効率を向上することができる。
更に、前記コラーゲンを含む抽出物の該コラーゲンを平均分子量が1,000〜10,000になるまで酵素分解することが好ましい。この態様によれば、低粘度で飲食品や化粧品等に好適に使用できる魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを提供できる。
【0019】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明において用いられる魚皮及び/又は魚骨(以下、魚類原料という。)の起源は特に制限はなく、例えば、カツオ、マグロ、カジキ、タラ、アジ、サバ、サケ、マス、サンマ、ウナギ、ティラピア、カワハギ、ハタ、オヒョウ、カレイ、ヒラメ、ニシン、イワシ、ティラピア、サメ、エイ、フグ、ブリ、カサゴ、メバル等から得られる魚類原料を用いることができる。中でも、大量かつ安定的に入手できるカツオ、マグロ、タラ、ティラピア、オヒョウ、サケ等から得られる魚類原料が好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法は、下記の工程からなる。
(1)魚類原料からコラーゲンを含む抽出物を調製する工程
上記魚類原料からコラーゲンを抽出する方法は公知の方法を採用できるが、本発明においては、水を加えて加熱抽出又は加圧加熱抽出する方法が好ましく採用される。この抽出方法によれば、水難溶性であるエラスチンなどの不溶性タンパク質が溶出せず、効率よくコラーゲンを抽出できる。なお、魚類原料は抽出効率を上げるために、適当な手段により切断、細断、粉砕、あるいはミンチしてから用いることが好ましく、魚骨は予め塩酸などにより脱灰してから用いることが好ましい。
【0021】
例えば、魚類原料100質量部に対して100〜500質量部の水を加えて、60〜100℃で0.5〜3時間加熱抽出すればよい。また、加圧加熱抽出する場合は、110〜120℃で0.5〜3時間抽出すればよい。
【0022】
(2)コラーゲンを含む抽出物を酵素分解する工程
上記の工程で得られたコラーゲンを含む抽出物を、タンパク加水分解酵素で処理してコラーゲンをペプチド化する。
【0023】
上記タンパク加水分解酵素は特に制限されず、中性プロテアーゼ、アルカリ性プロテアーゼ、酸性プロテアーゼ、あるいはそれらを含有する酵素製剤などを用いることができる。市販のタンパク加水分解酵素製剤としては、一般に食品製造に用いられるタンパク加水分解酵素を用いることができ、例えば、商品名「プロテアーゼN」(天野エンザイム製、中性プロテアーゼ)、商品名「プロテアーゼP−3」(天野エンザイム製、アルカリ性プロテアーゼ)、商品名「スミチームAP」(新日本化学工業製、酸性プロテアーゼ)などを用いることができる。
【0024】
酵素の添加量、反応時間及び処理温度は適宜設定できるが、通常、酵素の添加量は処理液の固形分に対して0.2〜5質量%が好ましく、1〜2質量%がより好ましい。反応時間は0.5〜5時間が好ましく、1〜3時間がより好ましい。また、反応温度は30〜70℃が好ましく、45〜65℃がより好ましい。なお、酵素反応終了後は、加熱するなどして酵素を失活させることが好ましい。
【0025】
(3)前記抽出物の酵素分解物を逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製する工程
上記の工程で得られた酵素分解物を逆浸透膜処理して濃縮液を回収する。逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製することにより、魚特有の味や臭い成分(例えば、アミノ酸、オリゴペプチド、核酸、有機酸、ミネラル、揮発性の含硫化合物、脂肪酸、窒素化合物、カルボニル化合物等)やヒ素を1ステップで簡単に除去することができる。また、分子量の小さなコラーゲンペプチドを損失することなく回収することができる。
【0026】
本発明で用いられる逆浸透膜としては、食塩阻止率が10〜50%のものが好ましく用いられる。このような逆浸透膜としては、例えば、商品名「NTR−7410」、商品名「NTR−7430」、商品名「NTR−7450」(いずれも日東電工製)などが挙げられる。
【0027】
逆浸透膜の食塩阻止率が上記範囲外であると、呈味成分や臭い成分、ヒ素などの不純物の除去が不十分となったり、コラーゲンペプチドの損失が大きくなるため好ましくない。
【0028】
なお、逆浸透膜処理の条件は適宜設定できるが、通常、処理液を固形分濃度15質量%以下になるように調整し、pH4〜7、液温60℃以下で循環しながら、固形分濃度25質量%以上になるまで濃縮を行うことが好ましい。また、この際、適宜加水しながら、元液量の1〜10倍量、好ましくは3〜5倍量の水を加えて液を透過させることが好ましい。加水操作を繰り返すことにより、不純物をより効率よく除去できる。
【0029】
上記のようにして得られた濃縮液は、そのまま製品としてもよく、適宜乾燥して粉末化してもよい。
【0030】
本発明においては、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかの工程中において、脱色、脱臭処理を行なうことが好ましく、特に、上記(3)よりも前の工程において、前記コラーゲンを含む抽出物又はその酵素分解物を脱色、脱臭処理することが好ましい。上記(3)よりも前の工程で脱色、脱臭処理することにより、抽出や酵素分解によって生じた着色や臭いを除去しやすく、また、逆浸透膜の目詰まりを防止できるので膜処理の効率を向上することができる。
【0031】
脱色、脱臭の方法は、作業性の点から固体吸着剤を用いることが好ましい。固体吸着剤としては、活性炭、アルミナ、シリカゲル、活性白土などを適宜組み合わせて用いることができる。本発明においては活性炭が特に好ましい。
【0032】
例えば、コラーゲンを含む抽出液又はその酵素分解液に、0.5〜30質量%の活性炭を加えて、50〜90℃で15分〜3時間撹拌した後、濾過して液部を回収すればよい。また、活性炭等を充填したカラムに通液することによって行なうこともできる。
【0033】
上記のようにして得られる魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドは、固形分中の遊離アミノ酸含量が1.0質量%以下、ヒ素含量が2ppm以下であることが好ましい。このようなコラーゲンペプチドは、魚特有の味や臭いがなく、ヒ素含量2ppm以下と非常に低いので、畜産品由来のコラーゲンペプチドの代替品として幅広い分野に使用することができる。また、飲料等に添加して加熱した際に着色が起こることもない。
【0034】
本発明の製造方法により得られた魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドは、平均分子量(数平均分子量)が1,000〜10,000であることが好ましく、1,500〜5,000であることがより好ましく、2,000〜4,000であることが特に好ましい。上記範囲内の平均分子量のコラーゲンペプチドは低粘度であり、飲食品や化粧品等に添加するのに適している。
【0035】
魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを配合する飲食品は特に制限はなく、例えば、飲料、焼き菓子、冷菓、錠菓、キャンディー、グミ、ゼリー、キャラメル、ジャム、チョコレート、ガム、和菓子(羊羹、モナカなど)、スープ類、パン、各種レトルト食品、魚肉練製品、ハム、ソーセジ類、調味料(出汁つゆ、醤油、味噌など)、サプリメント(カプセル剤、錠剤、顆粒、シロップなど)等が挙げられる。
【0036】
上記飲食品におけるコラーゲンペプチドの配合量は、その生理活性効果が期待できる量であればよい。通常、1日当たり100〜10,000mg、より好ましくは1,000〜5,000mg摂取できるように商品形態に合わせて適宜配合量を決定することが好ましい。例えば、固形状食品の場合には10〜50質量%、冷菓、飲料等の液状食品の場合には1〜10質量%が好ましい。
【0037】
コラーゲンペプチドを配合した飲食品を摂取することにより、慢性関節リュウマチに対する免疫寛容性の発現による治療効果、骨組織の強化、胃粘膜保護による抗潰瘍効果、血圧上昇抑制、皮膚コラーゲンの代謝促進による美肌効果等の生理活性効果が期待される。
【0038】
また、魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを配合する化粧品は特に制限はなく、例えば、化粧水、肌水、乳液、フェイスパック剤、石鹸、口紅、リップクリーム、ハンドクリーム、クレンジングクリーム、シャンプー、リンス、コンディショナー、整髪料、ヘアカラー、パーマ液、育毛剤、入浴剤、マニキュア、香水等が挙げられる。
【0039】
上記化粧品におけるコラーゲンペプチドの配合量は、その生理活性効果が期待できる量であればよい。通常、0.1〜10質量%が好ましく、0.5〜5質量%がより好ましい。
【0040】
例えば、化粧水等にコラーゲンペプチドを配合することにより、皮膚の保湿性を高め、肌荒れなどを改善、防止する効果が期待できる。また、シャンプー等に配合することにより、キューティクル保護作用、毛髪の傷みの改善、防止効果等が期待される。
【0041】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例1
予め脱灰したタラの骨12kgに、水24Lを加えて加熱抽出(95℃、3時間)した。冷却してから16メッシュの金網で固液分離した後、濾紙で濾過してコラーゲンを含む抽出液30L(Brix 6.0%)を得た。
【0042】
この抽出液をpH7.0に調整して60℃に加熱し、タンパク質分解酵素製剤(商品名「プロテアーゼN」、天野エンザイム製、以下同じ。)3.6gを加えて60分間酵素反応を行なった。この酵素反応液に、活性炭(商品名「太閤S-W 50」、二村化学製、以下同じ。)360gを加えて80℃で15分間加熱した後、冷却してから濾紙で濾過して濾液25L(Brix 6.0%)を得た。
【0043】
この濾液を、食塩阻止率10%の逆浸透膜(商品名「NTR−7410」、日東電工製)を用いて膜処理を行ない、濃縮液11L(Brix 12.0%)を得た。この濃縮液をスプレードライして、白色のコラーゲンペプチド粉末900gを得た。この粉末の分析値は、水分:6.1質量%、塩分:0.1質量%以下、灰分:2.5質量%、脂肪:0.1質量%以下、全窒素:15.3質量%、コンドロイチン硫酸:5.2質量%であった。
【0044】
実施例2
予め脱灰したカツオの骨9kgに、水27Lを加えて加圧加熱抽出(120℃、60分間)した。冷却してから16メッシュの金網で固液分離した後、濾紙で濾過してコラーゲンを含む抽出液30L(Brix 4.2%)を得た。
【0045】
この抽出液をpH7.0に調整して60℃に加熱し、タンパク質分解酵素製剤(商品名「プロテアーゼN」)を2.5g加えて60分間酵素反応を行なった。この酵素反応液に活性炭(商品名「太閤S-W 50」)250gを加えて80℃で15分間加熱した後、冷却してから濾紙で濾過して濾液27L(Brix 4.2%)を得た。
【0046】
この濾液を、食塩阻止率10%の逆浸透膜(商品名「NTR−7410」)を用いて膜処理を行ない、濃縮液6L(Brix 16.4%)を得た。この濃縮液をスプレードライして、白色のコラーゲンペプチド粉末730gを得た。この粉末の分析値は、水分:3.0質量%、塩分:0.2質量%、灰分:2.4質量%、脂肪:0.1質量%、全窒素:16.5質量%、コンドロイチン硫酸:3.4質量%であった。
【0047】
実施例3
予め脱灰したカツオの骨10kgに、水20Lを加えて加圧加熱抽出(100℃、3時間)した。冷却してから16メッシュの金網で固液分離した後、濾紙で濾過してコラーゲンを含む抽出液24L(Brix 6.9%)を得た。
【0048】
この抽出液をpH7.0に調整して60℃に加熱し、タンパク質分解酵素製剤(商品名「プロテアーゼN」)を3.2g加えて60分間酵素反応を行なった。この酵素反応液に活性炭(商品名「太閤S-W 50」)320gを加えて80℃で15分間加熱した後、冷却してから濾紙で濾過して濾液(22L、Brix 6.9%)を得た。
【0049】
この濾液を、食塩阻止率10%の逆浸透膜(商品名「NTR−7410」)を用いて膜処理を行ない、濃縮液9L(Brix 16.0%)を得た。この濃縮液をスプレードライして、白色のコラーゲンペプチド粉末1.1kgを得た。この粉末の分析値は、水分:3.0質量%、塩分:0.3質量%、灰分:1.5質量%、脂肪:0.1質量%以下、全窒素:16.3質量%、コンドロイチン硫酸:3.8質量%であった。
【0050】
実施例4
ミンチしたオヒョウの皮10kgに、水20Lを加えて加圧加熱抽出(100℃、3時間)した。冷却してから16メッシュの金網で固液分離した後、濾紙で濾過してコラーゲンを含む抽出液26L(Brix 7.5%)を得た。
【0051】
この抽出液をpH7.0に調整して50℃に加熱し、タンパク質分解酵素製剤(商品名「プロテアーゼM」、天野エンザイム製)を4.0g加えて60分間酵素反応を行なった。この酵素反応液に活性炭(商品名「太閤S-W 50」)390gを加えて80℃で15分間加熱した後、冷却してから濾紙で濾過して濾液22L(Brix 6.9%)を得た。
【0052】
この濾液を、食塩阻止率30%の逆浸透膜(商品名「NTR−7430」、日東電工製)を用いて膜処理を行ない、濃縮液9L(Brix 16.0%)を得た。この濃縮液をスプレードライして、白色のコラーゲンペプチド粉末1.5kgを得た。この粉末の分析値は、水分:3.2質量%、塩分:0.1質量%、灰分:1.8質量%、脂肪:0.1質量%以下、全窒素:17.6質量%、コンドロイチン硫酸:0.1質量%以下であった。
【0053】
比較例1
逆浸透膜処理を行なわないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コラーゲンペプチド粉末930gを得た。
【0054】
比較例2
酵素分解を行なわないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コラーゲン粉末940gを得た。
【0055】
上記各例で得られたコラーゲンペプチド粉末、コラーゲン粉末及び市販の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチド(商品名「低分子コラーゲンパウダーFGH」、雪印食品(株)社製)について、遊離アミノ酸含量などを以下の方法により分析し、官能評価を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
【0056】
遊離アミノ酸:HPLC法
ヒ素:原子吸光光度法
平均分子量:HPLC法
粘度:サンプルの10質量%水溶液を調製して、20℃での粘度をB型回転粘度計により測定した。
着色性:サンプルの10質量%水溶液をpH8.0に調整し、ブドウ糖を10%添加して120℃、15分加熱処理した後、440nmの吸光度を測定した。
官能評価:7名のパネラーにより味及び臭いについて官能評価を行なった。表1中、○:ほとんど味(臭い)がしない、△:やや味(臭い)がある、×:強い味(臭い)がある、を表す。
【0057】
【表1】

Figure 0004236850
【0058】
表1から、逆浸透膜処理した実施例1〜4のコラーゲンペプチドは、逆浸透膜処理を行なわなかった比較例1のものに比べて、遊離アミノ酸含量及びヒ素含量が非常に低く、味や臭いがほとんどなく、着色性も低いことが分かる。
また、酵素処理していない比較例2のものは、粘度が非常に高く、臭いも若干あることが分かる。
【0059】
実施例5
以下、本発明の製造方法により得られたコラーゲンペプチドを用いた飲食品の配合例を挙げるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。なお、以下の例において、コラーゲンペプチドとしては、実施例2で得られたものを使用した。
【0060】
(a)錠剤
表2に示す配合により各原料を調合して、打錠機により250mg/錠の丸型錠剤(コラーゲンペプチド含量125mg/錠)を作った。この錠剤は魚特有の味や臭いもなく、打錠製も良好であった。
【0061】
【表2】
Figure 0004236850
【0062】
(b)飲料
表3に示す配合により各原料を調合して、常法に従って飲料を作った。この飲料は魚特有の味や臭いがなく、粘度も低く、非常に飲みやすい飲料であった。また、コラーゲンペプチドの溶解性も良好であり、加熱による着色も認められなかった。
【0063】
【表3】
Figure 0004236850
【0064】
(c)クッキー
表4に示す配合により各原料を調合して、常法に従ってクッキー生地を作り、180℃で15分間焼成してクッキーを作った。このクッキーは魚特有の味や臭いがなく非常に美味しいものであった。
【0065】
【表4】
Figure 0004236850
【0066】
実施例6
以下、本発明の製造方法により得られたコラーゲンペプチドを用いた化粧品の配合例を挙げるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。なお、以下の例において、コラーゲンペプチドとしては、実施例4で得られたものを使用した。
【0067】
(d)化粧水
表5に示す配合により各原料を調合して、常法に従って化粧水を調製した。この化粧水は肌につけても魚特有の臭いがなく、肌がしっとりとした。
【0068】
【表5】
Figure 0004236850
【0069】
(e)クリーム
表6に示す配合により各原料を調合して、常法に従ってクリームを調製した。このクリームは肌につけても魚特有の臭いがなく、皮膚に弾力を感じるようになった。
【0070】
【表6】
Figure 0004236850
【0071】
(f)シャンプー
表7に示す配合により各原料を調合して、常法に従ってシャンプーを調製した。このシャンプーを用いて洗髪しても魚特有の臭いは感じられず、艶のある洗い上がりとなった。
【0072】
【表7】
Figure 0004236850
【0073】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、魚皮及び/又は魚骨からコラーゲンを含む抽出物を調製し、この抽出物を酵素分解した後、逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製することにより、魚特有の味や臭いの成分、ヒ素を効率よく除去することができる。その結果、魚特有の味や臭いがなく、ヒ素含量が低く、着色性の低い魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを安価に提供することができる。
この魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドは、飲食品や化粧品等に好適に配合することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a collagen peptide derived from fish that has no fish-specific taste and odor and has a low arsenic content, a method for producing the same, foods and beverages and cosmetics containing the collagen peptide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Collagen, which is the main constituent protein of animals, forms a fibrous or membrane-like structure insoluble in water as an “extracellular matrix” component that fills the gap between cells in vivo.
[0003]
Collagen and gelatin that has been heat-denatured to become water-soluble has long been used as an adhesive (so-called glue), and has been used in a wide range of fields such as photographic emulsion, papermaking, dyeing, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Yes.
[0004]
Collagen peptide, which is a hydrolyzate of collagen, has high solubility in water and low viscosity compared to high molecular weight collagen, is highly absorbable into the living body, and can be expected to have various physiological effects. As a sex material, it has been actively used in the field of food and drink and cosmetics.
[0005]
Collagen is industrially extracted from bones, tendons, skins, etc. produced as a by-product when cattle and pigs are dismantled and processed, such as mad cow disease and swine-and-mouth disease. With the outbreak of livestock plague, the collagen derived from livestock meat tends to be avoided from the viewpoint of safety, and the safer collagen derived from fish has come to be noticed.
[0006]
Conventionally, methods for producing fish-derived collagen and collagen peptides include, for example, a method of extracting collagen from decalcified fish phosphorus with an acidic aqueous solution and recovering the collagen by salting out or adjusting pH (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-93000). ), Pepsin treatment of decalcified fish phosphorus to extract pepsin soluble collagen, and recovery of collagen by salting out and pH adjustment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-125100), after degreasing the skin of marine organisms, organic A method for obtaining enzyme-solubilized collagen through a sterilization filtration step after extracting the collagen with acid and atelolating with pepsin or the like, then removing impurities by passing through a purification membrane, passing through a concentration membrane, and concentrating. JP-A-2001-200000) and the like are disclosed.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, none of the production methods disclosed in the above publications are very suitable as an industrial collagen (or collagen peptide) production method.
[0008]
That is, according to the production methods disclosed in JP-A-5-93000 and JP-A-5-125100, (1) it is difficult to collect a large amount of raw material fish phosphorus, (2) salting out, dialysis, etc. (3) Fish raw materials contain more arsenic than livestock meat raw materials, and arsenic is concentrated during the extraction and refining process, which can significantly reduce the value of the product. There was a problem such as.
[0009]
In addition, in the production method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-200000, (1) two membrane treatments are required for purification and concentration of collagen peptides, and further dialysis is required, which is troublesome. (2) Capital investment costs increase because it is necessary to use two kinds of separation membranes. (3) Collagen peptides with a small average molecular weight because ultrafiltration membranes with a molecular weight fraction of less than 1000K to 10K are used for concentration. That is, there is a problem that a product with a low viscosity cannot be obtained, and (4) a collagen peptide having a low molecular weight cannot be recovered, so that the yield is low.
[0010]
The conventional fish-derived collagen and collagen peptides have a fish-specific taste and odor, and particularly the collagen peptides are likely to be colored when heated, so the range of their use is very limited. was there.
[0011]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention, in food products and cosmetics can be preferably used, less fish peculiar taste and smell, it is to provide a method for producing a collagen peptidase de excellent fish-derived safety. Another object of the present invention is to provide foods and drinks and cosmetics containing the collagen peptide.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a fish-derived collagen peptide of the present invention comprises a step of adding water to fish skin and / or fish bone, followed by heating extraction or pressure heating extraction to prepare an extract containing collagen. And a step of enzymatically degrading the extract with a proteolytic enzyme, and concentrating and purifying the enzymatic degradation product of the extract using a reverse osmosis membrane having a salt blocking rate of 10 to 50%, thereby free amino acids in solids And a step of adjusting the arsenic content to 2 ppm or less .
[0016]
According to the production method of the present invention, an extract containing collagen is enzymatically decomposed, and then concentrated and purified using a reverse osmosis membrane, so that components and arsenic that cause fish-specific taste and odor can be obtained in one step. Can be removed. That is, since a reverse osmosis membrane having a salt rejection of 10 to 50% is used, components and arsenic that cause fish-specific taste and odor can be efficiently removed , and the free amino acid content in the solid content is 1. 0 wt% or less, Ru can arsenic content to 2ppm or less. For this reason, compared with the conventional collagen peptide derived from fish, there is almost no taste and smell peculiar to fish, and safety is also very high, and it can be used for a wide field as a substitute for livestock meat-derived products. Further, since the collagen peptide having a small molecular weight can be recovered without loss, the yield can be improved.
[0017]
In the production method of the present invention, the solid content concentration of the enzyme degradation product is adjusted to 15% by mass or less, and is circulated at a pH of 4 to 7 and a liquid temperature of 60 ° C. or less. Concentration is preferably performed until the concentration becomes 25% by mass or more.
In any step prior to the concentration and purification step using the reverse osmosis membrane, the extract or the enzyme degradation product is selected from at least one selected from activated carbon, alumina, silica gel, and activated clay. It is preferable to include a step of decolorizing and deodorizing using the solid adsorbent. According to this aspect, it is easy to remove the coloring of the extract produced during extraction or enzymatic decomposition, and the reverse osmosis membrane can be prevented from being clogged, so that the efficiency of membrane treatment can be improved.
Furthermore, it is preferable to enzymatically degrade the collagen of the extract containing the collagen until the average molecular weight becomes 1,000 to 10,000. According to this aspect, it is possible to provide a fish-derived collagen peptide that has a low viscosity and can be suitably used for foods and drinks, cosmetics, and the like.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The origin of the fish skin and / or fish bone used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, skipjack, tuna, marlin, cod, horse mackerel, mackerel, salmon, trout, saury, eel, Fish raw materials obtained from tilapia, kingfish, grouper, halibut, flounder, flounder, herring, sardine, tilapia, shark, ray, pufferfish, yellowtail, scorpion, kingfisher and the like can be used. Among them, fish raw materials obtained from skipjack, tuna, cod, tilapia, halibut, salmon and the like that can be obtained in large quantities and stably are preferable.
[0020]
The method for producing a fish-derived collagen peptide of the present invention comprises the following steps.
(1) Step of preparing an extract containing collagen from fish raw material As a method for extracting collagen from the fish raw material, a known method can be adopted. However, in the present invention, heating extraction or pressure heating extraction is performed by adding water. A method is preferably employed. According to this extraction method, insoluble proteins such as elastin which is hardly soluble in water are not eluted, and collagen can be extracted efficiently. In order to increase the extraction efficiency, the fish raw material is preferably used after being cut, shredded, pulverized, or minced by an appropriate means, and the fish bone is preferably used after being deashed with hydrochloric acid or the like in advance.
[0021]
For example, 100 to 500 parts by mass of water may be added to 100 parts by mass of the fish raw material and heated and extracted at 60 to 100 ° C. for 0.5 to 3 hours. Moreover, what is necessary is just to extract for 0.5 to 3 hours at 110-120 degreeC, when extracting by pressure heating.
[0022]
(2) Process of enzymatically degrading an extract containing collagen The collagen-containing extract obtained in the above process is treated with a protein hydrolase to peptideize collagen.
[0023]
The protein hydrolase is not particularly limited, and neutral protease, alkaline protease, acidic protease, or enzyme preparation containing them can be used. As a commercially available protein hydrolase preparation, a protein hydrolase generally used for food production can be used. For example, a trade name “Protease N” (manufactured by Amano Enzyme, neutral protease), a trade name “Protease P- 3 ”(manufactured by Amano Enzyme, alkaline protease), trade name“ Sumiteam AP ”(manufactured by Shin Nippon Chemical Industry, acidic protease) and the like can be used.
[0024]
The amount of the enzyme added, the reaction time, and the treatment temperature can be appropriately set. Usually, the amount of the enzyme added is preferably 0.2 to 5% by mass and more preferably 1 to 2% by mass with respect to the solid content of the treatment liquid. The reaction time is preferably 0.5 to 5 hours, more preferably 1 to 3 hours. The reaction temperature is preferably 30 to 70 ° C, more preferably 45 to 65 ° C. In addition, after completion | finish of an enzyme reaction, it is preferable to inactivate an enzyme by heating.
[0025]
(3) Step of concentrating and purifying the enzyme degradation product of the extract using a reverse osmosis membrane The enzyme degradation product obtained in the above step is subjected to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment to recover a concentrate. Concentrate and purify using reverse osmosis membranes to provide fish-specific taste and odor components (for example, amino acids, oligopeptides, nucleic acids, organic acids, minerals, volatile sulfur compounds, fatty acids, nitrogen compounds, carbonyl compounds, etc. ) And arsenic can be easily removed in one step. Further, collagen peptides having a small molecular weight can be recovered without loss.
[0026]
As the reverse osmosis membrane used in the present invention, one having a salt rejection of 10 to 50% is preferably used. Examples of such a reverse osmosis membrane include trade name “NTR-7410”, trade name “NTR-7430”, trade name “NTR-7450” (all manufactured by Nitto Denko).
[0027]
If the salt rejection of the reverse osmosis membrane is outside the above range, it is not preferable because impurities such as taste, odor, and arsenic are not sufficiently removed, and the loss of collagen peptides increases.
[0028]
The conditions for the reverse osmosis membrane treatment can be set as appropriate. Usually, the treatment liquid is adjusted to a solid content concentration of 15% by mass or less, and the solid content concentration is circulated at a pH of 4-7 and a liquid temperature of 60 ° C. or less. It is preferable to concentrate until it becomes 25 mass% or more. At this time, it is preferable to add 1 to 10 times the amount of the original solution, preferably 3 to 5 times the amount of water while appropriately adding water, and allow the solution to permeate. By repeating the hydration operation, impurities can be removed more efficiently.
[0029]
The concentrated solution obtained as described above may be used as a product as it is, or may be appropriately dried and powdered.
[0030]
In the present invention, it is preferable to perform decolorization and deodorization treatment in any of the above steps (1) to (3). In particular, in the step before (3), the extract containing the collagen. Or it is preferable to decolorize and deodorize the enzyme decomposition product. By performing decolorization and deodorization treatment in the step before (3) above, it is easy to remove coloring and odor caused by extraction and enzymatic decomposition, and it is possible to prevent clogging of the reverse osmosis membrane, so the efficiency of membrane treatment Can be improved.
[0031]
As the decolorization and deodorization methods, it is preferable to use a solid adsorbent from the viewpoint of workability. As the solid adsorbent, activated carbon, alumina, silica gel, activated clay and the like can be used in appropriate combination. In the present invention, activated carbon is particularly preferable.
[0032]
For example, if 0.5-30 mass% activated carbon is added to the extract containing collagen or its enzymatic decomposition solution, and stirred at 50-90 ° C. for 15 minutes-3 hours, then filtered to recover the liquid part Good. It can also be carried out by passing through a column filled with activated carbon or the like.
[0033]
The fish-derived collagen peptide obtained as described above preferably has a free amino acid content in a solid content of 1.0% by mass or less and an arsenic content of 2 ppm or less. Such a collagen peptide does not have a fish-specific taste or odor and has a very low arsenic content of 2 ppm or less. Therefore, it can be used in a wide range of fields as a substitute for a collagen peptide derived from livestock products. In addition, coloring does not occur when added to a beverage or the like and heated.
[0034]
The fish-derived collagen peptide obtained by the production method of the present invention preferably has an average molecular weight (number average molecular weight) of 1,000 to 10,000, more preferably 1,500 to 5,000. 2,000 to 4,000 is particularly preferable. Collagen peptides having an average molecular weight within the above range have a low viscosity and are suitable for addition to foods and drinks and cosmetics.
[0035]
There are no particular restrictions on foods and drinks that contain collagen peptides derived from fish, such as beverages, baked goods, frozen confectionery, tablet confectionery, candy, gummi, jelly, caramel, jam, chocolate, gum, Japanese confectionery (sheep, monaca, etc.) Examples include soups, breads, various retort foods, fish paste products, ham, sausages, seasonings (such as soup soup, soy sauce, miso), supplements (such as capsules, tablets, granules, syrups).
[0036]
The blending amount of the collagen peptide in the food or drink may be an amount that can be expected to have a physiologically active effect. Usually, it is preferable to appropriately determine the blending amount according to the product form so that 100 to 10,000 mg per day, more preferably 1,000 to 5,000 mg can be taken. For example, in the case of solid food, 10 to 50% by mass is preferable, and in the case of liquid food such as frozen desserts and beverages, 1 to 10% by mass is preferable.
[0037]
By ingesting foods and drinks containing collagen peptides, therapeutic effects due to the development of immune tolerance against rheumatoid arthritis, strengthening of bone tissue, anti-ulcer effects due to gastric mucosal protection, suppression of blood pressure increase, skin beautification by promoting skin collagen metabolism Bioactive effects such as effects are expected.
[0038]
In addition, there is no particular limitation on cosmetics containing fish-derived collagen peptides, such as lotion, skin water, milky lotion, face pack agent, soap, lipstick, lip balm, hand cream, cleansing cream, shampoo, rinse, conditioner, Hair styling, hair color, perm solution, hair growth agent, bath agent, nail polish, perfume and the like.
[0039]
The blending amount of the collagen peptide in the cosmetic may be an amount that can be expected to have a physiologically active effect. Usually, 0.1-10 mass% is preferable, and 0.5-5 mass% is more preferable.
[0040]
For example, by blending a collagen peptide with a lotion or the like, the effect of improving the moisture retention and improving / preventing rough skin can be expected. In addition, by blending with shampoo or the like, cuticle protecting action, improvement of hair damage, prevention effect and the like are expected.
[0041]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Example 1
24 L of water was added to 12 kg of cod bone that had been decalcified in advance, followed by heat extraction (95 ° C., 3 hours). After cooling, it was subjected to solid-liquid separation with a 16-mesh wire mesh, and then filtered with filter paper to obtain 30 L (Brix 6.0%) of an extract containing collagen.
[0042]
This extract was adjusted to pH 7.0 and heated to 60 ° C., and 3.6 g of a proteolytic enzyme preparation (trade name “Protease N”, manufactured by Amano Enzyme, the same applies hereinafter) was added, and the enzyme reaction was performed for 60 minutes. . To this enzyme reaction solution, 360 g of activated carbon (trade name “Taiko SW 50”, manufactured by Nimura Chemical Co., Ltd., the same shall apply hereinafter) was added and heated at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes. 6.0%).
[0043]
This filtrate was subjected to membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (trade name “NTR-7410”, manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a salt rejection rate of 10% to obtain a concentrated liquid 11L (Brix 12.0%). This concentrated solution was spray-dried to obtain 900 g of white collagen peptide powder. The analytical values of this powder were: moisture: 6.1% by mass, salt: 0.1% by mass or less, ash: 2.5% by mass, fat: 0.1% by mass or less, total nitrogen: 15.3% by mass, Chondroitin sulfate: 5.2% by mass.
[0044]
Example 2
27 L of water was added to 9 kg of bonito bone that had been decalcified in advance, followed by extraction under pressure and heating (120 ° C., 60 minutes). After cooling, it was subjected to solid-liquid separation with a 16-mesh wire mesh, and then filtered through filter paper to obtain 30 L (Brix 4.2%) of an extract containing collagen.
[0045]
The extract was adjusted to pH 7.0 and heated to 60 ° C., 2.5 g of a proteolytic enzyme preparation (trade name “Protease N”) was added, and an enzyme reaction was performed for 60 minutes. To this enzyme reaction solution, 250 g of activated carbon (trade name “Taiko SW 50”) was added, heated at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes, cooled, and filtered through filter paper to obtain 27 L of filtrate (Brix 4.2%).
[0046]
This filtrate was subjected to membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (trade name “NTR-7410”) having a salt rejection rate of 10% to obtain 6 L of concentrated liquid (Brix 16.4%). This concentrated solution was spray-dried to obtain 730 g of white collagen peptide powder. The analysis values of this powder were as follows: moisture: 3.0% by mass, salt: 0.2% by mass, ash: 2.4% by mass, fat: 0.1% by mass, total nitrogen: 16.5% by mass, chondroitin sulfate : 3.4% by mass.
[0047]
Example 3
20 L of water was added to 10 kg of bonito bone that had been decalcified in advance, followed by extraction under pressure (100 ° C., 3 hours). After cooling, solid-liquid separation was performed with a 16-mesh wire mesh, followed by filtration with filter paper to obtain an extract 24L (Brix 6.9%) containing collagen.
[0048]
The extract was adjusted to pH 7.0, heated to 60 ° C., 3.2 g of a proteolytic enzyme preparation (trade name “Protease N”) was added, and an enzyme reaction was performed for 60 minutes. To this enzyme reaction solution, 320 g of activated carbon (trade name “Taiko SW 50”) was added, heated at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes, cooled, and filtered through filter paper to obtain a filtrate (22 L, Brix 6.9%).
[0049]
This filtrate was subjected to membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (trade name “NTR-7410”) having a salt rejection rate of 10% to obtain 9 L (Brix 16.0%) of a concentrated solution. This concentrated solution was spray-dried to obtain 1.1 kg of white collagen peptide powder. The analytical values of this powder were as follows: moisture: 3.0% by mass, salt: 0.3% by mass, ash: 1.5% by mass, fat: 0.1% by mass or less, total nitrogen: 16.3% by mass, chondroitin Sulfuric acid: 3.8% by mass.
[0050]
Example 4
To 10 kg of minced halibut skin, 20 L of water was added and subjected to pressure heating extraction (100 ° C., 3 hours). After cooling, solid-liquid separation was performed with a 16-mesh wire mesh, followed by filtration with filter paper to obtain an extract 26L (Brix 7.5%) containing collagen.
[0051]
The extract was adjusted to pH 7.0 and heated to 50 ° C., 4.0 g of a proteolytic enzyme preparation (trade name “Protease M”, manufactured by Amano Enzyme) was added, and the enzyme reaction was performed for 60 minutes. To this enzyme reaction solution, 390 g of activated carbon (trade name “Taiko SW 50”) was added, heated at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes, cooled, and filtered through filter paper to obtain 22 L of filtrate (Brix 6.9%).
[0052]
This filtrate was subjected to membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (trade name “NTR-7430”, manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a salt rejection rate of 30% to obtain a concentrated solution 9L (Brix 16.0%). This concentrated solution was spray-dried to obtain 1.5 kg of white collagen peptide powder. The analytical values of this powder were: moisture: 3.2% by mass, salt: 0.1% by mass, ash: 1.8% by mass, fat: 0.1% by mass or less, total nitrogen: 17.6% by mass, chondroitin Sulfuric acid: 0.1% by mass or less.
[0053]
Comparative Example 1
930 g of collagen peptide powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reverse osmosis membrane treatment was not performed.
[0054]
Comparative Example 2
A collagen powder (940 g) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the enzymatic decomposition was not performed.
[0055]
About the collagen peptide powder obtained in each of the above examples, collagen powder and commercially available collagen peptide derived from fish (trade name “low molecular collagen powder FGH”, manufactured by Snow Brand Foods Co., Ltd.) And sensory evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0056]
Free amino acid: HPLC method Arsenic: Atomic absorption spectrophotometry Average molecular weight: HPLC method Viscosity: A 10% by mass aqueous solution of the sample was prepared, and the viscosity at 20 ° C. was measured with a B-type rotational viscometer.
Colorability: A 10% by mass aqueous solution of the sample was adjusted to pH 8.0, 10% glucose was added, and the mixture was heated at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then the absorbance at 440 nm was measured.
Sensory evaluation: Sensory evaluation was performed on taste and odor by seven panelists. In Table 1, ◯: almost no taste (odor), Δ: somewhat taste (odor), x: strong taste (odor).
[0057]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004236850
[0058]
From Table 1, the collagen peptides of Examples 1 to 4 treated with a reverse osmosis membrane had a very low free amino acid content and arsenic content, taste and smell compared to those of Comparative Example 1 that was not treated with a reverse osmosis membrane. It can be seen that there is almost no color and colorability is low.
Moreover, it turns out that the thing of the comparative example 2 which is not enzyme-processed has a very high viscosity, and there is also some smell.
[0059]
Example 5
Hereinafter, although the compounding example of the food / beverage products using the collagen peptide obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention is given, this invention is not limited to this. In the following examples, the collagen peptide obtained in Example 2 was used as the collagen peptide.
[0060]
(A) Tablet Each raw material was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 2, and a round tablet (collagen peptide content 125 mg / tablet) of 250 mg / tablet was prepared by a tableting machine. This tablet had no fish-specific taste or odor and was excellent in tableting.
[0061]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004236850
[0062]
(B) Beverage Each raw material was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 3, and a beverage was prepared according to a conventional method. This beverage had no fish-specific taste and odor, had a low viscosity, and was very easy to drink. Further, the solubility of the collagen peptide was good, and coloring due to heating was not observed.
[0063]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004236850
[0064]
(C) Cookies Each raw material was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 4 to prepare a cookie dough according to a conventional method, and baked at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes to prepare cookies. This cookie had no fish-specific taste or smell and was very delicious.
[0065]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004236850
[0066]
Example 6
Hereinafter, although the formulation example of the cosmetics using the collagen peptide obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention is given, this invention is not limited to this. In the following examples, the collagen peptide obtained in Example 4 was used as the collagen peptide.
[0067]
(D) Lotion lotion Each raw material was blended according to the formulation shown in Table 5, and lotion was prepared according to a conventional method. Even if this lotion is applied to the skin, there is no fish-specific odor and the skin is moist.
[0068]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004236850
[0069]
(E) Cream Each raw material was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 6, and a cream was prepared according to a conventional method. The cream has no fish-like odor even when applied to the skin, and the skin feels elastic.
[0070]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004236850
[0071]
(F) Shampoo Each raw material was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 7, and a shampoo was prepared according to a conventional method. Even if the hair was washed with this shampoo, no fish-like odor was felt, and the shampoo was lustrous.
[0072]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004236850
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an extract containing collagen is prepared from fish skin and / or fish bone, and the extract is enzymatically decomposed, and then concentrated and purified using a reverse osmosis membrane. Taste and odor components peculiar to fish and arsenic can be removed efficiently. As a result, fish-derived collagen peptides that have no fish-specific taste or odor, have a low arsenic content, and low colorability can be provided at low cost.
This fish-derived collagen peptide can be suitably blended in foods and drinks, cosmetics and the like.

Claims (6)

魚皮及び/又は魚骨に水を加えて加熱抽出又は加圧加熱抽出し、コラーゲンを含む抽出物を調製する工程と、前記抽出物をタンパク加水分解酵素で酵素分解する工程と、前記抽出物の酵素分解物を食塩阻止率10〜50%の逆浸透膜を用いて濃縮、精製し、固形分中の遊離アミノ酸含量が1.0質量%以下、ヒ素含量が2ppm以下とする工程とを含むことを特徴とする魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法。A step of adding water to the fish skin and / or fish bone and performing heat extraction or pressure heat extraction to prepare an extract containing collagen, a step of enzymatically degrading the extract with a proteolytic enzyme, and the extract And a step of concentrating and purifying the enzyme degradation product using a reverse osmosis membrane having a salt rejection of 10 to 50% so that the free amino acid content in the solid content is 1.0 mass% or less and the arsenic content is 2 ppm or less A method for producing a collagen peptide derived from fish. 前記酵素分解物の固形分濃度を15質量%以下になるように調整し、pH4〜7、液温60℃以下で循環しながら、前記逆浸透膜で、固形分濃度25質量%以上になるまで濃縮を行う請求項に記載の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法。Adjust the solid content concentration of the enzyme degradation product to 15% by mass or less and circulate at a pH of 4 to 7 and a liquid temperature of 60 ° C. or less until the solids concentration reaches 25% by mass or more with the reverse osmosis membrane. method for producing a fish-derived collagen peptide according to claim 1 for concentrating. 前記逆浸透膜を用いた濃縮、精製工程よりも前のいずれかの工程において、前記抽出物又は前記酵素分解物を、活性炭、アルミナ、シリカゲル、及び活性白土から選ばれた少なくとも1種からなる固体吸着剤を用いて、脱色、脱臭する工程を含む、請求項又はに記載の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法。In any step prior to the concentration and purification step using the reverse osmosis membrane, the extract or the enzyme degradation product is a solid comprising at least one selected from activated carbon, alumina, silica gel, and activated clay. The manufacturing method of the collagen peptide derived from fish of Claim 1 or 2 including the process of decoloring and deodorizing using an adsorbent. 前記コラーゲンを含む抽出物の該コラーゲンを平均分子量が1,000〜10,000になるまで酵素分解する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドの製造方法。The method for producing a collagen peptide derived from fish according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the collagen of the extract containing collagen is enzymatically degraded until the average molecular weight becomes 1,000 to 10,000. 請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の製造方法により得られた魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを含有することを特徴とする飲食品。A food or drink comprising a fish-derived collagen peptide obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の製造方法により得られた魚類由来のコラーゲンペプチドを含有することを特徴とする化粧品。Cosmetics containing the collagen peptide derived from the fish obtained by the manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-4.
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