JP4213046B2 - タンパク質及び脂肪酸を含む組成物及びそれらの調製方法 - Google Patents
タンパク質及び脂肪酸を含む組成物及びそれらの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/154—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives containing thickening substances, eggs or cereal preparations; Milk gels
- A23C9/1544—Non-acidified gels, e.g. custards, creams, desserts, puddings, shakes or foams, containing eggs or thickening or gelling agents other than sugar; Milk products containing natural or microbial polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Milk products containing nutrient fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/66—Proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/68—Acidifying substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
- A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Description
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;及び
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分を含み、ここで、この脂質構成成分は1ミクロン未満の中央粒径値を有する。
本発明は更に、タンパク質構成成分及び脂質構成成分を含む組成物を調製するための方法に関する。本方法は、
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;及び
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分を含む組成物を調製するために有用であり、
ここで、本方法は、
(a)該タンパク質構成成分を該脂質構成成分と組み合わせて、タンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;
(b)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を、
(i)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を高剪断条件に付し、ここで、該高剪断条件が約4ワット/kg〜約70ワット/kgのNP/Mであること;
(ii)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を約6.895MPa(1,000psi)〜約103.4MPa(15,000psi)の圧力にて均質化し、均質化されたタンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;及び
(iii)これらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される条件に付すことを含む。
本明細書で使用する時、用語「NP/M」は、単位質量当たりの正味出力を意味する。
本明細書で使用する時、用語「ワット/Kg」は、キログラム当たりのワットを意味する。
本発明の組成物は様々な目的に有用であり、特に食品又は飲料として有用であり、最も好ましくは飲料として有用である。特に、本組成物は、脂肪酸物質の存在にもかかわらず、驚くべきことに安定性があり、感覚刺激的に魅力がある。本組成物は、
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;及び
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、これらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分を含み、ここで、この脂質構成成分が約1ミクロン未満の中央粒径値を有するものを含む。
本明細書で用いられるタンパク質構成成分は、乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から選択されるタンパク質を含む。タンパク質構成成分は、例えばカゼインナトリウム若しくはカゼインカルシウムとしてタンパク質自体であってもよいし、又はタンパク質及び一以上のその他の物質を含む構成成分であってもよい。例えば様々な乳タンパク質は当業者に既知であり、本明細書のタンパク質構成成分として利用されてもよい。
脂質構成成分は脂肪酸物質を含み、存在する場合には、組成物中に存在する任意の脂肪又は他のグリセリドを含む。本発明において使用される脂肪酸物質は、脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル、及びこれらの混合物から選択される。本明細書で使用する時、脂肪酸物質は脂肪酸の鎖を含有し、又は脂肪酸物質が脂肪酸エステルである場合は、脂肪酸の鎖及びエステルの鎖を含有する。したがって、脂肪酸物質が脂肪酸である場合は、物質は次のように表される:
R−COOH
式中、「R」は脂肪酸の鎖であり、これは少なくとも約9の炭素原子、典型的には約9〜約25の炭素原子を有する飽和又は不飽和の鎖であり、ここで、「COOH」はカルボン酸部分である。より好ましくは、「R」は約11〜約23、好ましくは約15〜約21の炭素原子、及び、本明細書の実施形態に依存して、頻繁に好ましくは約15〜約17の炭素原子を有する飽和又は不飽和の鎖である。また好ましくは、脂肪酸の鎖は0〜約3の二重結合を含有する。最も好ましくは、脂肪酸の鎖は不飽和であり、特に1又は2の二重結合を有する。
R−COOR’
式中、Rは上に定義されるような脂肪酸の鎖であり、R’はエステルの鎖であり、カルボキシレート部分「COO」は二つを結合している。エステル鎖は、哺乳類の消化酵素、好ましくはヒトの消化酵素の存在下で加水分解可能である、炭素原子の直鎖又は分枝鎖であり、典型的には約8以下の炭素原子を含有する。エステル鎖は、より好ましくは1〜約5の炭素原子を含有し、これもまた直鎖(例えばn−プロピル)又は分枝鎖(例えばイソプロピル)であってもよい。極めて好ましいエステル鎖には、メチルエステル(即ちR’が−CH 3)、エチルエステル、n−プロピルエステル、イソプロピルエステル、n−ブチルエステル、イソブチルエステル、及びこれらの混合物を形成するものが挙げられる。エチルエステルを形成するそれらのエステル鎖が、特に好ましい。
本明細書中の特定の実施形態では、脂質構成成分は約1ミクロン未満の中央粒径値を有する。特に好ましい実施形態では、この脂質構成成分は、約0.3ミクロン〜約0.9ミクロン、最も好ましくは約0.4ミクロン〜約0.8ミクロンの中央粒径値を有する。実際に、本願発明者らは、これらの粒径が、乳タンパク質中の脂質構成成分を首尾よく乳化するために重要であり得ることを発見した。発見されたように、この脂質構成成分粒径を有する組成物は、タンパク質構成成分と組み合わせて脂質構成成分が存在しているにもかかわらず、物理的に安定性があり、感覚刺激的に受容可能である。
本願発明者らは、タンパク質及び脂質構成成分、並びにミネラルを含む組成物を更に発見した。それ故に、本発明の更なる実施形態では、本組成物は、鉄、カルシウム、亜鉛、銅、マグネシウム、マンガン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される一つ以上のミネラルを含む。好ましくは、このミネラルは以下の式を有する二価塩である:
MA
式中、Mは、鉄、カルシウム、亜鉛、銅、マグネシウム、マンガン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される二価金属であり、Aはジカルボキシレートアニオンである。典型的なジカルボキシレートアニオンとしては、例えば、コハク酸塩、マロン酸塩、グルタル酸塩、アジピン酸塩、フマル酸塩、及びマレイン酸塩が挙げられる。代表的な二価ミネラル塩としては、例えば、コハク酸第一鉄、フマル酸第一鉄、コハク酸カルシウム、フマル酸カルシウム、コハク酸亜鉛、フマル酸亜鉛、コハク酸第一銅、フマル酸第一銅、コハク酸マグネシウム、フマル酸マグネシウム、コハク酸マンガン、フマル酸マンガン、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられる。特に好ましい塩としては、フマル酸第一鉄、コハク酸第一鉄、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
本明細書に記載されている組成物は、食品又は飲料組成物を含む多種多様な最終組成物、特に飲料組成物に有用である。こうした食品及び飲料組成物には、「伝統的な」食品及び飲料だけでなく、規制ガイドラインのもとでの栄養補助食品及び病人向けの特別食などのようなものも含まれる。
特に組成物が飲料組成物である場合、本発明の組成物には水が通常含まれる。本明細書で使用する時、用語「水」は、例えば液体乳若しくはその他の乳タンパク質供給源、果汁、又は野菜ジュース、並びにあらゆる添加された水を含む、組成物中に存在する水の合計量を含む。水は好ましくは、組成物の約10重量%〜約99.999重量%、より好ましくは約5重量%〜約99重量%、なおより好ましくは少なくとも約50重量%、更により好ましくは少なくとも約70重量%、及び最も好ましくは約70重量%〜約99重量%の濃度で含まれる。すぐ飲める飲料組成物は、通常、組成物の少なくとも約70重量%の水、好ましくは約75重量%〜約99重量%の水を含む。すぐ飲める飲料組成物が、特に好ましい。
本明細書における組成物は任意であるが、好ましくは一以上のフレーバ剤を含んでもよい。好ましくは、このようなフレーバ剤は飲料組成物に含まれ、典型的には、果汁、果実フレーバ、植物性フレーバ、及びこれらの混合物から選択される。果汁が含まれる場合、本発明の飲料は、約0.1%〜約99%、好ましくは約1%〜約50%、より好ましくは約2%〜約30%、及び最も好ましくは約2%〜約20%の果汁を含むことができる。本明細書の測定では、果汁の重量パーセントは、シングルストレングスの糖度2ブリックス〜16ブリックスの果汁を基にしている。果汁は、ピューレ、粉末、又はシングルストレングス又は濃縮ジュースとして飲料中に混和させることができる。特に好ましいのは、糖度約20ブリックス〜約80ブリックスの固形分含有量(主に糖固形分として)を有する濃縮物として果汁を混和させることである。
本発明の組成物は、炭水化物甘味料及び天然又は人工のノンカロリー/低カロリー甘味料を含む、有効量の一以上の甘味料を含有することができる。本発明の組成物に用いられる甘味料の量は、典型的には用いられる特定の甘味料及び所望の甘味強度に依存する。ノンカロリー/低カロリー甘味料については、この量は、特定の甘味料の甘味強度に依存して変化する。
着色剤が本発明の組成物に使用されてもよい。例えば、天然又は人工の色が用いられてもよい。
本明細書中に記載されるミネラル塩に加えて、又はそれらの代わりに、本組成物は、一つ以上のビタミン及び/又はミネラルとして本明細書で定義される一つ以上の他の栄養素を任意に含んでもよい。
Fe(L)2
式中、Lは、α−アミノ酸、ジペプチド、トリペプチド、又はテトラペプチド(quadrapeptide)の配位子である。例えば、米国特許第4,863,898号;第4,830,716号;及び第4,599,152号を参照のこと。特に好ましいアミノ酸キレート第一鉄は、反応配位子がグリシン、リシン、及びロイシンであるものである。最も好ましいのは、商品名フェローシェル(FERROCHEL)(アルビオン研究所(Albion Laboratories)、ユタ州ソルトレークシティ)で販売されている、配位子がグリシンであるアミノ酸キレート第一鉄である。
繊維は当該技術分野で周知であり、植物細胞壁及び海藻で見出される炭水化物、並びに微生物発酵により生じるもののような、哺乳類の酵素による消化に抵抗性のある複合炭水化物を含む。このような複合炭水化物の例は、糠、セルロース、ヘミセルロース、ペクチン、ゴム及び粘液、海藻抽出物、及び生合成ゴムである。セルロース繊維の供給源には、野菜、果実、種子、穀物、及び人工繊維(例えば、細菌による合成による)が挙げられる。精製された植物セルロース、又はセルロース粉末のような市販の繊維もまた用いられることができる。天然に生じる繊維には、柑橘類の全皮、柑橘類のアルベド、テンサイ、柑橘類の果肉及び小胞固形物、リンゴ、アンズ、及びスイカの外皮からの繊維が挙げられる。
二酸化炭素は、飲料シロップ剤と混ぜ合わせる水に、又は希釈後の希釈飲料に注入して、炭酸化することができる。炭酸飲料は、瓶又は缶のような容器へ収容することができ、その後密封される。従来の炭酸化の方法はどれも、本発明の炭酸飲料組成物を製造するために使用されることができる。飲料に入れる二酸化炭素の量は、利用される特定のフレーバ系、及び所望の炭酸化の量に依存する。
本発明の組成物は、種々のpHレベルを有してもよい。例えば、本組成物は、生来、酸性(例えば、約3〜約5のpH)であってもよいし、より塩基性であってもよい。本発明の好ましい組成物は、約6〜約8、より好ましくは約6.3〜約7.4のpHを有する。
本発明は、特定の組成物を調製するための方法に更に関する。発見されたように、これらの方法は、脂質構成成分をタンパク質中で乳化するために重要である。特に、本願発明者らは、本明細書中で可能な場合、特定の高剪断条件及び均質化手順が、望ましい感覚刺激特性を示す物理的に安定した最終組成物を調製するために重要であることを発見した。
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;及び
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分を含む組成物を調製することを含み、
ここで、本方法は、
(a)該タンパク質構成成分を該脂質構成成分と組み合わせて、タンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;
(b)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を、
(i)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を高剪断条件に付し、ここで、該高剪断条件が4ワット/kg〜70ワット/kgのNP/Mであること;
(ii)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を6.895MPa(1,000psi)〜103.4MPa(15,000psi)の圧力にてで均質化し、均質化されたタンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;及び
(iii)これらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される条件に付すことを含む。
本タンパク質構成成分及び脂質構成成分は、上に詳細に記載されている。好ましくは、本方法は、上述の中央粒径値を有する脂質構成成分を生じさせる。本方法は、次のように詳細に記載される。
モカフレーバの飲料組成物は、ほぼ表示される量で以下の成分を有して調製される:
Claims (10)
- (a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分;及び
(c)乳化剤およびミネラルを含んでいる小胞構成成分
を特徴とし、ここで、該脂質構成成分が1ミクロン未満の中央値粒径を有する組成物。 - 前記中央値粒径が0.4ミクロン〜0.8ミクロンである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記脂肪酸物質が、ラウリン酸、ラウロレイン酸、ミリスチン酸、ミリストレイン酸、ペンタデカン酸、パルミチン酸、パルミトレイン酸、マルガリン酸、ステアリン酸、ジヒドロキシステアリン酸、オレイン酸、リシノール酸、エライジン酸、リノール酸、α−リノレン酸、ジホモガンマ−リノレン酸、エレオステアリン酸、リカン酸、アラキドン酸、アラキジン酸、エイコセン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ベヘン酸、エルカ酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸、リグノセリン酸、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記ミネラルが、鉄、カルシウム、亜鉛、銅、マグネシウム、マンガン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記乳化剤が、リン脂質、糖脂質、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記乳化剤が、レシチン、ケファリン、プラスマローゲン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記タンパク質構成成分が乾燥乳であり、前記組成物が該組成物の0.5重量%〜5重量%の該乾燥乳を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記脂肪酸物質が、オレイン酸、リノール酸、これらの非グリセリルエステル、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を調製するための方法であって:
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分;及び
(c)乳化剤およびミネラルを含んでいる小胞構成成分
を特徴とし、該方法が、
(a)該タンパク質構成成分を該脂質構成成分と組み合わせて、タンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;
(b)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を、
(i)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を高剪断条件に付し、ここで、該高剪断条件が4ワット/kg〜70ワット/kgの単位質量当たりの正味出力(NP/M)であること、
(ii)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を6.895MPa(1,000psi)〜103.4MPa(15,000psi)の圧力にて均質化し、均質化されたタンパク質/脂質混合物を形成すること;及び
(iii)これらの組み合わせ
から成る群から選択される条件に付すこと;及び
(c)該タンパク質/脂質混合物を該乳化剤および該ミネラルを含んでいる該小胞構成成分と組み合わせて、タンパク質/脂質/小胞混合物を形成すること
を含む方法。 - 前記タンパク質/脂質/小胞混合物を:
(a)乳清、カゼイン、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されるタンパク質を含むタンパク質構成成分;及び
(b)脂肪酸類、これらの非グリセリルエステル類、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される脂肪酸物質を含む脂質構成成分
を含む第2の混合物に組み合わせて、第2のタンパク質/脂質/小胞混合物を形成することを更に含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
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US37606002P | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | |
PCT/US2003/012049 WO2003090560A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2003-04-18 | Compositions comprising protein and fatty acid and processes of their preparation |
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JP4213046B2 true JP4213046B2 (ja) | 2009-01-21 |
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US (1) | US7393552B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1496759B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4213046B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100542429C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE406810T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003225059B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2481215A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60323356D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2312770T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1081078A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA04010465A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003090560A1 (ja) |
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MXPA04010465A (es) | 2004-12-13 |
ATE406810T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
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US7393552B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
US20030203005A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
WO2003090560A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
CN100542429C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
AU2003225059A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
JP2005523037A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
CN1649514A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
EP1496759A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 |
HK1081078A1 (en) | 2006-05-12 |
CA2481215A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
DE60323356D1 (de) | 2008-10-16 |
ES2312770T3 (es) | 2009-03-01 |
AU2003225059B2 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
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