JP4203853B2 - Method for producing nitrite-type nitrification carrier - Google Patents
Method for producing nitrite-type nitrification carrier Download PDFInfo
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- JP4203853B2 JP4203853B2 JP2003383351A JP2003383351A JP4203853B2 JP 4203853 B2 JP4203853 B2 JP 4203853B2 JP 2003383351 A JP2003383351 A JP 2003383351A JP 2003383351 A JP2003383351 A JP 2003383351A JP 4203853 B2 JP4203853 B2 JP 4203853B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001453382 Nitrosomonadales Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012050 conventional carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 carrier handling Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸まで硝化するアンモニア酸化細菌を優先的に集積させることにより形成される亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a nitrite-type nitrification carrier formed by preferentially accumulating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria that nitrify ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrite.
従来、廃水や下水を微生物で処理する生物学的処理は、比較的低コストであることから広く採用される。しかし、微生物の種類によっては増殖速度が遅いものや、被毒し易いもの、又はその環境中において増殖しにくいものもあり、必ずしも効率的な方法とはいえない場合がある。そこで、微生物が繁殖しやすい環境を積極的に形成するために、特定の微生物をあらかじめ内部に包括固定した固定化微生物担体を用いて生物処理する処理方法がすでに実用化されている。 Conventionally, biological treatment in which wastewater or sewage is treated with microorganisms is widely adopted because of its relatively low cost. However, some microorganisms have a slow growth rate, are easily poisoned, or are difficult to grow in the environment, and may not necessarily be an efficient method. Therefore, in order to actively form an environment in which microorganisms are easy to propagate, a treatment method has already been put into practical use by using an immobilized microorganism carrier in which specific microorganisms are comprehensively immobilized in advance.
特許文献1では、水又は大気中に含有されるアンモニア性窒素を好気性条件下で亜硝酸まで硝化する硝化処理として、亜硝酸型硝化担体を使用することが提案されている。この亜硝酸型硝化担体は、採集した活性汚泥をモノマ又はプレポリマを用いて包括固定化した後、加熱処理することにより形成される。これにより、亜硝酸型硝化担体はアンモニア酸化細菌を優先的に集積させることができるので、アンモニア性窒素に対して亜硝酸型の硝化処理を行うことができる。
しかしながら、特許文献1の亜硝酸型硝化担体は包括固定化後に加熱処理されて製造されるため、加熱処理時の熱により担体から水分が放出されて収縮するので、製造後に担体を回収して製品として袋詰め等を行う際にハンドリングが悪くなるという欠点がある。また、収縮した亜硝酸型硝化担体を処理槽に投入して廃水処理を行うと、処理槽に設けられたスクリーンから流出したり、スクリーンを目詰まりさせるという欠点がある。更には、担体は処理槽内で半永久的に使用されるため、担体の強度が強いことが要求されるが、特許文献1の亜硝酸型硝化担体は担体強度の点でも未だ十分とは言えない。 However, since the nitrite-type nitrification carrier of Patent Document 1 is manufactured by heat treatment after entrapping and immobilization, moisture is released from the carrier due to heat during the heat treatment and contracts. There is a drawback that handling becomes worse when bagging and the like. Further, when the contracted nitrite-type nitrification carrier is put into a treatment tank and wastewater treatment is performed, there is a drawback that it flows out of the screen provided in the treatment tank or clogs the screen. Furthermore, since the carrier is used semi-permanently in the treatment tank, it is required that the carrier has high strength. However, the nitrite type nitrification carrier of Patent Document 1 is still not sufficient in terms of carrier strength. .
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、亜硝酸型の硝化を行うことができ、しかも担体のハンドリング、スクリーンの目詰まり、担体強度不足といった従来の亜硝酸型硝化担体の欠点を解消することができる亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is capable of performing nitrite-type nitrification, and also has the disadvantages of conventional nitrite-type nitrification carriers such as carrier handling, screen clogging, and insufficient carrier strength. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a nitrite-type nitrification carrier that can be eliminated.
本発明の請求項1は前記目的を達成するために、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸まで硝化するアンモニア酸化細菌を優先的に集積させた亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法において、少なくともアンモニア酸化細菌及び亜硝酸酸化細菌を含む硝化性能を有する複合微生物系の汚泥を、加熱処理温度が50°C以上60°C未満の範囲では60分以上、加熱処理温度が60°C以上80°C未満の範囲では40分以上、 加熱処理温度が80°C以上100°C以下の範囲では20分以上の加熱処理し、該加熱処理した汚泥をモノマ又はプレポリマの何れかに包括固定化することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 of the present invention is a method for producing a nitrite-type nitrification carrier in which ammonia-oxidizing bacteria that nitrify ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrite are preferentially accumulated. Nitrogen-oxidizing bacteria-containing complex microbial sludge for heat treatment temperatures in the range of 50 ° C to less than 60 ° C for 60 minutes or more, and heat treatment temperatures in the range of 60 ° C to less than 80 ° C. For 40 minutes or more, when the heat treatment temperature is in the range of 80 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, heat treatment is performed for 20 minutes or longer, and the heat-treated sludge is comprehensively fixed in either a monomer or a prepolymer.
ここで、少なくともアンモニア酸化細菌及び亜硝酸酸化細菌を含む硝化性能を有する複合微生物系の汚泥の具体例としては、下水や工場廃水を処理する処理場の活性汚泥、湖沼や河川や海の底泥、地表の土壌等がある。 Specific examples of complex microbial sludge having nitrification performance containing at least ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria include activated sludge from a treatment plant that treats sewage and factory wastewater, lakes, rivers, and sea bottom mud. There is soil on the surface.
請求項1によれば、亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造において、少なくともアンモニア酸化細菌及び亜硝酸酸化細菌を含む硝化性能を有する複合微生物系の汚泥を40〜100°Cの範囲で加熱処理した後、モノマ又はプレポリマの何れかに包括固定化するようにした。これにより、亜硝酸酸化細菌を殺菌してアンモニア酸化細菌を優先的に集積させた亜硝酸型の担体を製造でき、しかも従来のように汚泥を包括固定してから加熱処理していないので、加熱処理の熱によって担体が収縮することを防止できる。したがって、亜硝酸型の硝化性能を維持したまま担体のハンドリングを向上できるとともに、担体を投入して硝化処理を行う処理槽のスクリーンに担体が目詰まりすることがない。更には、加熱処理後に包括固定するので、包括固定化時の活性汚泥の温度が高くなるため、モノマ又はプレポリマのゲルと結合し易く、重合反応を行う際に重合が速く且つ強力に行われる。これにより、担体強度を強くすることができるので、衝撃による破損や再加熱による収縮を抑えることができる。このように、本発明の製造方法で製造された亜硝酸型硝化担体は、亜硝酸型の硝化を行うことができ、しかも担体のハンドリング、スクリーンの目詰まり、担体強度不足といった従来の亜硝酸型硝化担体の欠点を解消することができる。 According to claim 1, in the production of a nitrite type nitrification carrier, after heat treatment of sludge of a complex microbial system having a nitrification performance containing at least ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a range of 40 to 100 ° C, It was made to carry out comprehensive fixation to either a monomer or a prepolymer. This makes it possible to produce a nitrite-type carrier that sterilizes nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and preferentially accumulates ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and heat treatment is not performed after the sludge is comprehensively fixed as in the past. The carrier can be prevented from shrinking due to the heat of treatment. Therefore, the handling of the carrier can be improved while maintaining the nitrite type nitrification performance, and the carrier is not clogged in the screen of the treatment tank in which the carrier is introduced to perform the nitrification treatment. Furthermore, since the entrapment is carried out after the heat treatment, the temperature of the activated sludge during the entrapment immobilization becomes high, so that it is easy to bind to the monomer or prepolymer gel, and the polymerization is carried out quickly and strongly during the polymerization reaction. Thereby, since the carrier strength can be increased, damage due to impact and shrinkage due to reheating can be suppressed. As described above, the nitrite type nitrification carrier produced by the production method of the present invention can perform nitrite type nitrification, and the conventional nitrite type such as carrier handling, screen clogging, and lack of carrier strength. The disadvantages of the nitrification carrier can be eliminated.
そして、本発明において、加熱処理は、加熱処理温度が50°C以上、60°C未満の範囲では60分以上行い、加熱処理温度が60°C以上、80°C未満の範囲では40分以上行い、加熱処理温度が80°C以上、100°C以下の範囲では20分以上行うことを特徴とする。 Then, in the present invention, heat treatment, heat treatment temperature is 50 ° C or more, 60 ° carried out over 60 minutes in a range of less than C, the heat treatment temperature is 60 ° C or more, 40 minutes or more in the range of less than 80 ° C When the heat treatment temperature is in the range of 80 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, it is performed for 20 minutes or longer.
加熱処理を上記条件で行うことにより、亜硝酸酸化細菌を排除してアンモニア酸化細菌を集積できるとともに、過度の加熱によるアンモニア酸化細菌の失活を防止できるので、亜硝酸型の硝化を効率よく行う担体を製造することができる。 By performing the pressurized heat treatment under the above conditions, carried out with possible integration of ammonia oxidizing bacteria to eliminate the nitrite oxidizing bacteria, it is possible to prevent deactivation of the ammonium oxidizing bacteria due to excessive heating, the nitrite type nitrification efficiently A carrier can be produced.
以上説明したように本発明に係る亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法によれば、亜硝酸型の硝化を行うことができ、しかも担体のハンドリング、スクリーンの目詰まり、担体強度不足といった従来の亜硝酸型硝化担体の欠点を解消することができる。 As described above, according to the manufacturing method of the nitrite type nitrification carrier according to the present invention, nitrite type nitrification can be performed, and the conventional nitrite such as carrier handling, screen clogging, and lack of carrier strength. The drawbacks of the mold nitrification carrier can be eliminated.
以下添付図面に従って本発明に係る亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法の好ましい実施の形態について詳説する。 The preferred embodiments of the method for producing a nitrite type nitrification carrier according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本発明の亜硝酸型硝化担体は、湖沼や河川や海の底泥、地表の土壌、又は下水や工場廃水を処理する処理場の活性汚泥のように、多数の微生物が混在する複合微生物系の汚泥、特にアンモニア酸化細菌や亜硝酸酸化細菌等の硝化細菌を多く含む汚泥を微生物供給源とし、この複合微生物系の汚泥をモノマ又はプレポリマに包括固定した後に、40〜100°C、好ましくは50〜90°Cの範囲内で加熱処理するか、あるいは複合微生物系の汚泥の存在下でモノマ又はプレポリマを重合して包括固定する際に40〜100°C、好ましくは50〜90°Cの範囲内で加熱処理することにより製造される。 The nitrite-type nitrification carrier of the present invention is a complex microbial system in which a large number of microorganisms are mixed, such as lakes, rivers, sea bottom mud, surface soil, or activated sludge in treatment plants treating sewage and factory wastewater. Sludge, particularly sludge containing a large amount of nitrifying bacteria such as ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, is used as a microbial source, and this complex microbial sludge is comprehensively fixed to a monomer or prepolymer, and then 40 to 100 ° C, preferably 50 In the range of 40 to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 50 to 90 ° C when heat-treated within the range of ~ 90 ° C, or when the monomer or prepolymer is polymerized and fixed in the presence of sludge of a complex microbial system It is manufactured by heat treatment in the inside.
すなわち、本発明は複合微生物系の汚泥をモノマ又はプレポリマで包括した状態や、モノマ又はプレポリマで包括するゲル化反応での重合時に加熱処理するのではなく、複合微生物系の汚泥を加熱処理してからモノマ又はプレポリマで重合して包括固定することが重要である。 That is, the present invention is not a heat treatment during polymerization in a state in which complex microbial sludge is encapsulated with a monomer or prepolymer, or a gelation reaction that is encapsulated with a monomer or prepolymer. It is important to polymerize with a monomer or a prepolymer and fix them inclusive.
これにより、複合微生物系の汚泥中に混在する複数種の微生物のうち、アンモニア性窒素を亜硝酸まで硝化するアンモニア酸化細菌を優先的に集積し、亜硝酸を硝酸に酸化する亜硝酸酸化細菌の集積を抑制することができる。このとき、加熱処理の熱により複合微生物系の汚泥中の微生物が可溶化され易くなるが、直ぐに包括固定化を行うため、包括固定化後の微生物の棲息空間を形成できる。また、加熱処理後に包括固定化することにより、活性汚泥は加熱処理によって加熱されているため、重合による結合力を強くすることができる。これにより、製造された担体の強度を強くすることができるので、衝撃による破損や再加熱による熱収縮の少ないハンドリングのよい担体を提供することができる。 As a result, among the multiple types of microorganisms mixed in the sludge of the complex microbial system, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria that nitrify ammonia nitrogen to nitrite preferentially accumulate, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria that oxidize nitrite to nitric acid. Accumulation can be suppressed. At this time, the microorganisms in the sludge of the complex microorganism system are easily solubilized by the heat of the heat treatment, but since the entrapping is immediately performed, a habitat space for the microorganisms after entrapping can be formed. Moreover, since the activated sludge is heated by heat processing by carrying out comprehensive fixation after heat processing, the bond strength by superposition | polymerization can be strengthened. As a result, the strength of the manufactured carrier can be increased, so that a carrier with good handling that is less damaged by impact and less heat-shrinkable by reheating can be provided.
本発明の亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造に用いられるモノマ又はプレポリマとしては、モノメタクリレート類、モノアクリレート類、ジメタクリレート類、ジアクリレート類、トリメタクリレート類、トリアクリレート類、テトラアクリレート類、ウレタンアクリレート類、エポキシアクリレート類、その他、ポリビニルアルコール、アクリルアミド、光硬化性ポリビニルアルコール、光硬化性ポリエチレングリコール、光硬化性ポリエチレングリコールポリプロピレングリコールプレポリマ等を使用することができる。 Monomers or prepolymers used in the production of the nitrite type nitrification carrier of the present invention include monomethacrylates, monoacrylates, dimethacrylates, diacrylates, trimethacrylates, triacrylates, tetraacrylates, urethane acrylates. In addition, epoxy acrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, photocurable polyvinyl alcohol, photocurable polyethylene glycol, photocurable polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol prepolymer, and the like can be used.
本発明の亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法において、加熱処理による亜硝酸型の硝化性能を調べるため、下記における第1の廃水処理試験を行った。 In the method for producing a nitrite type nitrification carrier of the present invention, the following first wastewater treatment test was conducted in order to investigate the nitrite type nitrification performance by heat treatment.
供試される担体は、下水処理場の余剰汚泥をビーカーに採取して、ビーカーを湯浴に浸して60°C、60分加熱処理した。加熱処理後の汚泥をポリエチレングリコール系のプレポリマと混合し、重合開始剤として過硫化カリウムを添加して重合させた。重合後のゲルを3mm角の立方体に整形して、亜硝酸型硝化担体を製造した(以後、本発明担体と記す)。なお、本発明担体の汚泥の含有量は2%とし、プレポリマ含有量は10%になるように包括固定化したものを使用した。 For the carrier to be tested, excess sludge from the sewage treatment plant was collected in a beaker, and the beaker was immersed in a hot water bath and heated at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes. The sludge after the heat treatment was mixed with a polyethylene glycol prepolymer, and potassium persulfide was added as a polymerization initiator for polymerization. The gel after polymerization was shaped into a 3 mm square cube to produce a nitrite type nitrification carrier (hereinafter referred to as the carrier of the present invention). In addition, what was comprehensively fixed so that the sludge content of the carrier of the present invention was 2% and the prepolymer content was 10% was used.
なお、比較例として、上述した活性汚泥を加熱処理せずにポリエチレングリコール系のプレポリマーと混合し、過硫化カリウムを添加して重合させた担体(以後、比較担体と記す)を使用した。 As a comparative example, a carrier (hereinafter referred to as a comparative carrier) in which the activated sludge described above was mixed with a polyethylene glycol-based prepolymer without heat treatment and polymerized by adding potassium persulfide was used.
廃水処理の条件は、水温を20°C、水理学的滞留時間(HRT)を6時間、DOを7以上とした。供試廃水としては、アンモニア性窒素を100mg/Lを含有する合成廃水を用いた。合成廃水の組成を表1に示す。 The wastewater treatment conditions were a water temperature of 20 ° C., a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 hours, and a DO of 7 or more. As the test wastewater, synthetic wastewater containing 100 mg / L of ammoniacal nitrogen was used. The composition of synthetic wastewater is shown in Table 1.
図1(A)に示すように、本発明担体を用いた廃水処理では開始から2〜3週間目にかけてアンモニア酸化活性が確認され、亜硝酸の生成が確認された。その後、2ヶ月以上排水処理を行ったが、硝酸の生成は見られなかった。一方、図1(B)に示すように、比較担体で廃水処理を行うと、3週間目以降から硝酸の生成が確認され、亜硝酸酸化細菌が存在することが判明した。このように、活性汚泥を加熱処理した後に包括固定化して製造した本発明担体は、亜硝酸型の硝化を行うことが確認された。 As shown in FIG. 1 (A), in the wastewater treatment using the carrier of the present invention, ammonia oxidation activity was confirmed from the start to the second to third weeks, and the production of nitrous acid was confirmed. Thereafter, wastewater treatment was carried out for 2 months or more, but no nitric acid was produced. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), when wastewater treatment was performed with a comparative carrier, production of nitric acid was confirmed from the third week onward, and it was found that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were present. As described above, it was confirmed that the carrier of the present invention produced by entrapping and immobilizing activated sludge after heat treatment performs nitrite type nitrification.
次に、本発明の亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法における加熱処理温度と加熱処理時間との関係を調べるために第2の廃水処理試験を行った。 Next, in order to investigate the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the heat treatment time in the method for producing a nitrite type nitrification carrier of the present invention, a second wastewater treatment test was conducted.
供試される担体は、第1の廃水処理試験で使用された活性汚泥を40°C、50°C、60°C、70°C、80°C、90°C、100°Cで加熱処理を行い、加熱処理時間を各温度条件で20分、40分、60分、120分とした。加熱処理後の各活性汚泥をポリエチレングリコール系のプレポリマと混合し、過硫化カリウムを添加して重合させた担体を使用した。また、供試される廃水は、亜硝酸窒素を40mg/Lを含有した合成廃水を使用した。廃水処理試験は、合成廃水450ml中に担体50mgを投入して連続曝気にて廃水処理を行い、1日ごとに交換して、交換した処理水中の硝酸濃度を測定した。 The carrier to be tested is the heat treatment of the activated sludge used in the first wastewater treatment test at 40 ° C, 50 ° C, 60 ° C, 70 ° C, 80 ° C, 90 ° C, 100 ° C. The heat treatment time was 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes under each temperature condition. Each activated sludge after heat treatment was mixed with a polyethylene glycol-based prepolymer, and a carrier obtained by polymerizing by adding potassium persulfide was used. Moreover, the wastewater to be used was a synthetic wastewater containing 40 mg / L of nitrogen nitrite. In the wastewater treatment test, 50 mg of carrier was introduced into 450 ml of synthetic wastewater, wastewater was treated by continuous aeration, and the nitric acid concentration in the exchanged treated water was measured by exchanging every day.
その結果を図2に示す。図2は、各加熱処理温度及び各加熱処理時間における処理水中の硝酸濃度を示したグラフである。 The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the nitric acid concentration in the treated water at each heat treatment temperature and each heat treatment time.
図2から分かるように、40°Cと50°Cで60分以上、60°Cと70°Cで40分以上、80°Cと90°Cと100°Cで20分以上加熱処理した活性汚泥では硝酸がほとんど検出されず、廃水に対して亜硝酸型の硝化を行うことができた。 As can be seen from FIG. 2, the activity was heat-treated at 40 ° C. and 50 ° C. for 60 minutes or longer, at 60 ° C. and 70 ° C. for 40 minutes or longer, and at 80 ° C., 90 ° C. and 100 ° C. for 20 minutes or longer. In the sludge, nitric acid was hardly detected, and nitrite type nitrification could be performed on wastewater.
このことから、複数微生物汚泥の加熱処理を40°C以上、60°C未満では60分以上、60°C以上、80°C未満では40分以上、80°C以上、100°C以下では20分以上で行うことにより、亜硝酸型の硝化を行う亜硝酸型硝化担体を製造できることが確認された。 From this, the heat treatment of a plurality of microbial sludges is performed at 40 ° C or more and less than 60 ° C for 60 minutes or more, at 60 ° C or more and less than 80 ° C for 40 minutes or more, at 80 ° C or more, and at 100 ° C or less, 20 It was confirmed that a nitrite-type nitrification carrier that performs nitrite-type nitrification can be produced by carrying out the treatment for more than 5 minutes.
また、下水や工場廃水を処理する処理場の活性汚泥、湖沼や河川や海の底泥、地表の土壌等の採集地の異なる汚泥を使用し、汚泥を加熱処理後に包括固定を行う本発明担体と、特許文献1のように汚泥を包括固定した後に加熱処理を行う従来担体とにおける、担体のハンドリング性、処理槽のスクリーンの目詰まり回避性、担体強度を比較したところ、本発明担体は、担体のハンドリング性、処理槽のスクリーンの目詰まり回避性、担体強度の全ての点で従来担体よりも優れていた。 The carrier of the present invention that uses activated sludge from a treatment plant that treats sewage and factory wastewater, sludge from different collection sites such as lakes, rivers, sea bottom mud, surface soil, etc. And, compared with the conventional carrier that performs heat treatment after comprehensively fixing sludge as in Patent Document 1, the carrier handling property, the clogging avoidance property of the screen of the treatment tank, and the carrier strength are compared. It was superior to conventional carriers in all of the handling properties of the carrier, the ability to avoid clogging of the processing tank screen, and the strength of the carrier.
Claims (1)
少なくともアンモニア酸化細菌及び亜硝酸酸化細菌を含む硝化性能を有する複合微生物系の汚泥を、加熱処理温度が50°C以上60°C未満の範囲では60分以上、加熱処理温度が60°C以上80°C未満の範囲では40分以上、 加熱処理温度が80°C以上100°C以下の範囲では20分以上の加熱処理し、
該加熱処理した汚泥をモノマ又はプレポリマの何れかに包括固定化することを特徴とする亜硝酸型硝化担体の製造方法。 In a method for producing a nitrite-type nitrification carrier that preferentially accumulates ammonia-oxidizing bacteria that nitrify ammonia nitrogen to nitrite,
A complex microbial sludge having nitrification performance containing at least ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria has a heat treatment temperature of 50 ° C. or more and less than 60 ° C. for 60 minutes or more, and the heat treatment temperature is 60 ° C. or more and 80 When the temperature is less than ° C, the heat treatment is performed for 40 minutes or longer .
A method for producing a nitrite-type nitrification carrier, wherein the heat-treated sludge is entrapped and immobilized in either a monomer or a prepolymer.
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