JP4202493B2 - Antibacterial agent - Google Patents

Antibacterial agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4202493B2
JP4202493B2 JP34547498A JP34547498A JP4202493B2 JP 4202493 B2 JP4202493 B2 JP 4202493B2 JP 34547498 A JP34547498 A JP 34547498A JP 34547498 A JP34547498 A JP 34547498A JP 4202493 B2 JP4202493 B2 JP 4202493B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
antibacterial agent
magnesium oxide
antibacterial
present
polyphenol
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JP34547498A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000169307A (en
Inventor
陽子 宮本
博行 野田
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Yamagata Promotional Organization for Ind Tech
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Yamagata Promotional Organization for Ind Tech
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、安価に製造でき、安全でかつ広範囲な用途に応用できる抗菌剤に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から知られている抗菌剤は、おおまかに無機系抗菌剤と有機系抗菌剤に分類することができる。
無機系抗菌剤としては、銀、塩素化合物、ヨウ素、水銀を代表的なものとして例示することができる。これらの無機系抗菌剤は、揮散しにくくて耐熱性が高いなどの長所がある反面、大量に河川に流れ込んだ場合に魚への毒性が高く、生活環境に多い塩素と反応してハロゲン化銀を生成するなどの欠点もある。
有機系抗菌剤としては、一価アルコール、第四級アンモニウム、フェノール誘導体、アニリド誘導体を代表的なものとして例示することができる。これらの有機系抗菌剤は主に液体の状態で消毒用として用いられることが多いが、揮散しやすく、また、臭いや皮膚への刺激が強い物が多くてアレルギーを引き起こすなどの欠点がある。
【0003】
一方、特に安全性が求められる食品、食品添加物、台所用品等には、上記のような薬剤ではなく天然抽出物系の抗菌剤を用いようとする動きが最近活発になっている。代表的なものにはヒノキチオール、孟宗竹抽出物、緑茶抽出物などがある。しかし、これらの原料は高価なものが多く、大量に使用するにはコストがかかりすぎて採算が合わなかったり、また天然物であるためロット差が出るといった問題がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明は、これらの従来技術の問題点を解決することを課題とした。すなわち本発明の課題は、安価に製造でき、安全でかつ広範な用途に応用できる抗菌剤を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記の課題を解決するため種々の検討を重ねた結果、OH基が二つ以上結合している芳香環を有するポリフェノール化合物と酸化マグネシウムを水の存在下で酸素と反応させることにより、それぞれを単独で用いた場合に比べて抗菌効果を増幅できることを見出した。その結果、人体への刺激が少なく河川に排出されても危険が少なく、しかも安価に製造することができる本発明の抗菌剤を提供することに成功した。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、ポリフェノール化合物及び酸化マグネシウムを含む抗菌剤を提供する。本発明の抗菌剤に含まれるポリフェノール化合物は、OH基が2つ以上結合している芳香環を有するポリフェノール化合物(例えばカフェー酸、クロロゲン酸、没食子酸、カテキンガレート、エピガロカテキンガレート)である。ポリフェノール化合物を含有する植物組織を使用するのもまた望ましい
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の抗菌剤は、ポリフェノール化合物及び酸化マグネシウムを含むことを特徴としている。形態は固体であっても液体であってもかまわない。
本発明で使用するポリフェノール化合物は、OH基が二つ以上結合している芳香環を有する化合物の中から選択することができる。芳香環の水素原子はOH基以外の置換基で置換されていてもよく、そのような置換基は本発明が目的とする抗菌作用を過度に阻害しない範囲内で選択することができる。
【0008】
本発明の抗菌剤には、ポリフェノール化合物として、芳香環にOH基が2つ以上結合しているカフェー酸やクロロゲン酸、芳香環にOH基が3つ以上結合している没食子酸、芳香環にOH基が4つ以上結合しているカテキンガレートやエピガロカテキンガレート、及びこれらの化合物の誘導体を好適に用いることができる。本発明の抗菌剤には、1種類のポリフェノール化合物を単独で使用してもよいし、2種類以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。また、本発明の抗菌剤の製造にあたって、これらのポリフェノール化合物は純品として添加してもよいし、ポリフェノール化合物を成分として含有する組成物として添加してもよい。
【0009】
ポリフェノール化合物を含有する組成物としては、ポリフェノール化合物を大量に含む植物組織やその抽出物などを用いることが可能である。植物組織の中では、日本茶、紅茶、烏龍茶などの茶葉を用いることが望ましい。茶葉は、エピガロカテキンガレートのほかポリフェノール類を多量に含んでおり、しかも大量に入手できる点で好ましい。抽出する際に用いる溶媒は特に制限されないが、親水性溶媒を用いるのが好ましく、その中でもエタノールを用いるのが特に好ましい。
【0010】
本発明の抗菌剤には、ポリフェノール化合物の他に酸化マグネシウムも必須成分として含有させる。酸化マグネシウムは、ポリフェノール化合物の抗菌作用を増強するために添加する塩基触媒である
【0011】
本発明の抗菌剤に使用するポリフェノール化合物と酸化マグネシウムの組み合わせは特に制限されない。好ましいのは、ポリフェノール化合物含有植物組織あるいはその抽出物と酸化マグネシウムが共存する抗菌剤である。この抗菌剤では、水分があると、ポリフェノールが溶け出して抗菌作用を示し、さらに抗菌作用は酸化マグネシウムにより顕著に増大する。ポリフェノール化合物と酸化マグネシウムの混合比は特に制限されないが、ポリフェノール化合物100重量部に対して酸化マグネシウム10〜500重量部を混合するのが一般的であり、中でも20〜200重量部を混合するのが好ましい。
【0012】
本発明の抗菌剤の製造方法は特に制限されない。当業者に公知の方法のいずれかを用いてポリフェノール化合物と酸化マグネシウムを混合することによって容易に抗菌剤を製造することができる。ポリフェノール化合物として、ポリフェノール化合物含有植物組織のような植物材料を使用する場合には、酸化マグネシウムと混合する前にあらかじめ植物組織を乾燥、粉砕しておくのが好ましい。
【0013】
当業者は、上記の一般的な説明及び実施例の具体的開示を基にして、または必要に応じてそれらに適宜修飾や改変を加えることにより、本発明の好ましい態様の抗菌剤を容易に製造することができよう。量は特に限定されず、塩基性化合物の種類、抗菌剤の用途などに応じて適宜選択することができる。また、本発明の抗菌剤には、上記の成分以外に、溶解補助剤などの補助剤を適宜用いることが可能である。
【0014】
いかなる理論にも拘泥するものではないが、本発明の抗菌剤の作用機構は以下のように考えることができる。まず、ポリフェノール化合物が酸化マグネシウムの存在下、容易に酸素を還元する。酸素が還元されて生成するスーパーオキサイドイオン(O2 -)は不均化して過酸化水素を生成する。生成した過酸化水素は細菌の細胞膜を通過して細胞質内の微量金属と反応することにより殺菌効果を示すヒロキシルラジカル(・OH)を発生する。また同時に、酸化マグネシウムによる抗菌効果とポリフェノール化合物自身による抗菌効果も付加される。そのため、発生する過酸化水素量は従来の殺菌剤に比べて低濃度であるにもかかわらず本発明の抗菌剤は強い抗菌効果を示す。また、本発明の抗菌剤を用いた場合は、使用後3〜5時間経過するまでは過酸化水素は蓄積して菌を死滅させる作用を示すが、その後は酸化マグネシウムにより徐々に分解されて水と酸素になってしまう。このため、本発明の抗菌剤を使用しても過酸化水素が長時間蓄積することがないため安全性が高い。
【0015】
以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明の範囲は下記の実施例に限定されることはない。なお、以下の実施例では、純度99.9%の和光純薬製の酸化マグネシウム、和光純薬製の没食子酸を使用した。
【実施例】
例1:本発明の抗菌剤1の調製
酸化マグネシウム50重量部と没食子酸100重量部を混合し抗菌剤1を得た。
【0016】
例2:本発明の抗菌剤2の調製
緑茶の水抽出液(吸光法にて定量したポリフェノール含量:4.5mg/ml)1mlあたり0.5mgの酸化マグネシウムを混合し抗菌剤2を得た。
【0017】
例3:本発明の抗菌剤3の調製
自然乾燥させた茶葉を微粉砕機を用いて微粉砕した茶紛90重量部と酸化マグネシウム10重量部を混合して粉砕することによって抗菌剤3を得た。
【0018】
例4:抗菌剤1の性能評価
例1で得られた抗菌剤1の大腸菌に対する抗菌性能を評価した。具体的には、大腸菌を105/ml含む1/10ニュートリエント培地(1リットル中に酵母エキス 0.2g、ペプトン 1g、MgSO4・7H2O 0.1g、NACl 0.5g、グルコース 0.1gを含む)に抗菌剤1を加え、36℃で培養を開始してから3時間後および5時間後に生菌数を計数した。また、抗菌剤1の代わりに対照区(1/10ニュートリエント培地のみ)、濃度1mg/mlの没食子酸水溶液及び1mM過酸化水素水を加えて、同様に生菌数を計数して比較した。結果を図1に示す。
抗菌剤1の抗菌性能は他のものに比べて非常に強力であった。
【0019】
例5:抗菌剤2の性能評価
例2で得られた抗菌剤2の大腸菌に対する抗菌性能を例4と同じ方法で評価した。評価したものは、抗菌剤2、対照区(1/10ニュートリエント培地のみ)、緑茶の水抽出液(吸光法にて定量したポリフェノール含量:4.5mg/ml)である。結果を図2に示す。
抗菌剤2の抗菌性能は他のものに比べて非常に強力であった。
【0020】
例6:抗菌剤3の性能評価
例3で得られた抗菌剤3の大腸菌に対する抗菌性能を評価した。具体的には、大腸菌を105/ml含む1/10ニュートリエント培地(1.1ml)に抗菌剤3を100mg加え、36℃で培養を開始してから1時間後および2時間後に生菌数を計数した。抗菌剤3の代わりに対照区として澱粉100mgを添加して同様に生菌数を計数した。結果を表1に示す。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0004202493
表1の結果は、水抽出物ではなく固体の緑茶でも酸化マグネシウムと少量の水が存在すれば抗菌性能を発現しうることを示している。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
ポリフェノール化合物及び酸化マグネシウムを含有する本発明の抗菌剤は、液体であっても個体であっても強力な抗菌効果を発揮する。特に、従来の抗菌剤に比べてポリフェノール化合物の濃度が低くても、高い抗菌効果を発揮することができる。また、原料として植物性原料を利用することができ、しかも反応で産生した過酸化水素も酸化マグネシウムにより徐々に水と酸素に分解されるため危険性が少ないという特徴も有している。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 抗菌剤1の抗菌性能を示す図である。
【図2】 抗菌剤2の抗菌性能を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an antibacterial agent that can be produced at low cost, is safe and can be applied to a wide range of uses.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally known antibacterial agents can be roughly classified into inorganic antibacterial agents and organic antibacterial agents.
Typical inorganic antibacterial agents include silver, chlorine compounds, iodine, and mercury. These inorganic antibacterial agents have advantages such as low volatility and high heat resistance, but they are highly toxic to fish when flowing into rivers in large quantities and react with chlorine in the living environment to react with silver halide. There are also disadvantages such as generating.
Typical examples of the organic antibacterial agent include monohydric alcohols, quaternary ammoniums, phenol derivatives, and anilide derivatives. These organic antibacterial agents are often used mainly for disinfection in a liquid state, but they tend to volatilize and have disadvantages such as many odors and strong skin irritation causing allergies.
[0003]
On the other hand, in recent years, there has been an active movement to use a natural extract-based antibacterial agent instead of the above-mentioned drugs for foods, food additives, kitchen utensils and the like that require safety. Typical ones are hinokitiol, Miso bamboo extract and green tea extract. However, many of these raw materials are expensive, and there is a problem that it is too expensive to use in large quantities and is not profitable, or because it is a natural product, there are lot differences.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve these problems of the prior art. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial agent that can be produced at low cost, is safe and can be applied to a wide range of uses.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have result of various investigations for solving the above problems, it is reacted with magnesium oxide and poly phenol compound having an aromatic ring OH group is attached two or more with oxygen in the presence of water Thus, it was found that the antibacterial effect can be amplified as compared with the case where each is used alone. As a result, the present inventors have succeeded in providing the antibacterial agent of the present invention that has little irritation to the human body and is less dangerous even when discharged into a river and can be manufactured at low cost.
[0006]
That is, the present invention provides an antimicrobial agent comprising a polyphenol compound and magnesium oxide. Polyphenol compounds contained in the antibacterial agent of the present invention, the polyphenol compound having an aromatic ring to which OH group is bonded two or more (e.g. caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, catechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate) der The To use the plant tissue containing polyphenol compounds is also desirable.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Antibacterial agent of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a polyphenol compound and magnesium oxide. The form may be solid or liquid.
Polyphenol compounds used in the present invention may be selected from compounds having an aromatic ring OH group is attached two or more. The hydrogen atom of the aromatic ring may be substituted with a substituent other than the OH group, and such a substituent can be selected within a range that does not unduly inhibit the antibacterial action intended by the present invention.
[0008]
The antibacterial agent of the present invention, as polyphenolic compounds, Fang caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid incense ring OH group is attached two or more gallic acid bonded OH groups are three or more aromatic rings, aromatic Catechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate having four or more OH groups bonded to the ring, and derivatives of these compounds can be suitably used. The antibacterial agent of the present invention may be used one type of polyphenol compounds alone or may be used in combination of two or more. Further, in the production of the antimicrobial agent of the present invention, may be added in these polyphenol compound as a pure, polyphenol compounds may be added as a composition containing as a component.
[0009]
The compositions containing the polyphenol compound, it is possible to use such plant tissues and their extracts containing polyphenol compounds in large quantities. Among plant tissues, it is desirable to use tea leaves such as Japanese tea, black tea, and oolong tea. Tea leaves are preferable in that they contain a large amount of polyphenols in addition to epigallocatechin gallate and can be obtained in large quantities. The solvent used for the extraction is not particularly limited, but a hydrophilic solvent is preferably used, and ethanol is particularly preferably used among them.
[0010]
The antibacterial agent of the present invention, magnesium oxide in addition to the polyphenol compounds also be contained as an essential component. Magnesium oxide is a base catalyst to be added to enhance the antimicrobial activity of the poly phenol of compound.
[0011]
The combination of magnesium oxide and polyphenol compound used in the antimicrobial agent of the present invention is not particularly limited. Preferred is an antibacterial agent in which a polyphenol compound-containing plant tissue or an extract thereof and magnesium oxide coexist. In this antibacterial agent, when water is present, the polyphenol dissolves and exhibits an antibacterial action, and the antibacterial action is remarkably increased by magnesium oxide . The mixing ratio of the magnesium oxide and polyphenol compound is not particularly limited, for mixing magnesium oxide 10 to 500 parts by weight per polyphenolic compound 100 parts by weight is generally mixed with inter alia 20-200 parts by weight Is preferred.
[0012]
The method for producing the antibacterial agent of the present invention is not particularly limited. It is possible to easily manufacture an antimicrobial agent by mixing magnesium oxide and poly phenol compound using any of the methods known to those skilled in the art. As polyphenol compound, when using plant materials such as polyphenolic compounds containing plant tissue, previously plant tissues prior to mixing with the magnesium oxide drying, preferably keep grinding.
[0013]
Those skilled in the art can easily produce the antibacterial agent of the preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the above general description and the specific disclosure of the examples or by appropriately modifying or modifying them as necessary. I can do it. The amount is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the type of the basic compound, the use of the antibacterial agent and the like. Further, in the antibacterial agent of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately use an auxiliary agent such as a solubilizing agent in addition to the above components.
[0014]
Without being bound by any theory, the mechanism of action of the antibacterial agent of the present invention can be considered as follows. First, polyphenol compound is reduced in the presence of magnesium oxide, readily oxygen. Superoxide ions (O 2 ) generated by reducing oxygen disproportionate to generate hydrogen peroxide. The produced hydrogen peroxide passes through the bacterial cell membrane and reacts with trace metals in the cytoplasm, thereby generating a hydroxyl radical (.OH) that exhibits a bactericidal effect. At the same time, the antimicrobial effect is added by antimicrobial effect and polyphenol compound itself by magnesium oxide. Therefore, the antibacterial agent of the present invention exhibits a strong antibacterial effect even though the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated is lower than that of conventional bactericides. In the case of using the antibacterial agent of the present invention until passage 3-5 hours after use hydrogen peroxide shows an effect of accumulation to kill bacteria, then is gradually decomposed by magnesium oxide water It becomes oxygen. For this reason, even if the antibacterial agent of the present invention is used, hydrogen peroxide does not accumulate for a long time, so that safety is high.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the following examples, magnesium oxide manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical and gallic acid manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical with a purity of 99.9% were used.
【Example】
Example 1: Preparation of antibacterial agent 1 of the present invention 50 parts by weight of magnesium oxide and 100 parts by weight of gallic acid were mixed to obtain antibacterial agent 1.
[0016]
Example 2: Preparation of antibacterial agent 2 of the present invention An antibacterial agent 2 was obtained by mixing 0.5 mg of magnesium oxide per 1 ml of a green tea aqueous extract (polyphenol content determined by absorption method: 4.5 mg / ml).
[0017]
Example 3: Preparation of antibacterial agent 3 of the present invention Antibacterial agent 3 was obtained by mixing and crushing 90 parts by weight of tea powder obtained by pulverizing naturally dried tea leaves using a pulverizer and 10 parts by weight of magnesium oxide. It was.
[0018]
Example 4: Performance evaluation of antibacterial agent 1 The antibacterial performance of the antibacterial agent 1 obtained in Example 1 against E. coli was evaluated. Specifically, 1/10 neutral medium containing 10 5 / ml of E. coli (contains 0.2 g of yeast extract, 1 g of peptone, 0.1 g of MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 0.5 g of NaCl, 0.1 g of glucose in 1 liter) Antibacterial agent 1 was added thereto, and the number of viable bacteria was counted 3 hours and 5 hours after the start of culture at 36 ° C. Further, instead of the antibacterial agent 1, a control group (only 1/10 neutral medium), a 1 mg / ml gallic acid aqueous solution and a 1 mM hydrogen peroxide solution were added, and the number of viable bacteria was similarly counted and compared. The results are shown in FIG.
The antibacterial performance of the antibacterial agent 1 was very strong compared to the others.
[0019]
Example 5: Performance evaluation of antibacterial agent 2 The antibacterial performance of antibacterial agent 2 obtained in Example 2 against E. coli was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. What was evaluated were antibacterial agent 2, control group (only 1/10 neutral medium), and green tea aqueous extract (polyphenol content determined by absorption method: 4.5 mg / ml). The results are shown in FIG.
The antibacterial performance of the antibacterial agent 2 was very strong compared to the others.
[0020]
Example 6: Performance evaluation of antibacterial agent 3 The antibacterial performance of the antibacterial agent 3 obtained in Example 3 against E. coli was evaluated. Specifically, 100 mg of antibacterial agent 3 was added to 1/10 neutral medium (1.1 ml) containing 10 5 / ml of E. coli, and the viable cell count was measured 1 hour and 2 hours after the start of culture at 36 ° C. Counted. Instead of the antibacterial agent 3, 100 mg of starch was added as a control, and the number of viable bacteria was counted in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004202493
The results of Table 1 show that antibacterial performance can be expressed even in solid green tea, not water extract, if magnesium oxide and a small amount of water are present.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Antibacterial agent of the present invention containing a polyphenol compound and magnesium oxide, even individuals be liquid exerts a strong antibacterial effect. In particular, even at low concentrations of polyphenolic compounds in comparison with conventional antimicrobial agents, it can exhibit high antimicrobial effect. In addition, plant raw materials can be used as raw materials, and hydrogen peroxide produced by the reaction is also gradually decomposed into water and oxygen by magnesium oxide, so that there is less danger.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing antibacterial performance of an antibacterial agent 1. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the antibacterial performance of antibacterial agent 2.

Claims (5)

OH基が二つ以上結合している芳香環を有するポリフェノール化合物及び酸化マグネシウムを含む抗菌剤。Antimicrobial agents include polyphenol compounds and magnesium oxide having an aromatic ring OH group is attached two or more. 該ポリフェノール化合物が、没食子酸、カテキンガレート及びエピガロカテキンガレートからなる群から選択される1以上の化合物である請求項1に記載の抗菌剤。The polyphenol compounds, deaths Shokuko acid, antimicrobial agent according to claim 1 which is 1 or more compounds selected from the group consisting of gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. 該ポリフェノール化合物を含有する材料として植物組織を使用した請求項1に記載の抗菌剤。  The antibacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein a plant tissue is used as the material containing the polyphenol compound. 緑茶の水抽出液及び酸化マグネシウムを含む抗菌剤。An antibacterial agent containing an aqueous extract of green tea and magnesium oxide. 茶粉及び酸化マグネシウムを含む抗菌剤。Antibacterial agent containing tea powder and magnesium oxide.
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KR20030090121A (en) * 2002-05-21 2003-11-28 오계헌 Anti-microbial composition comprising tea polyphnol,and its use
WO2007080669A1 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-19 Microbiotech Inc. Antiviral/antiinflammatory drug composition
US8153166B2 (en) * 2006-06-08 2012-04-10 Chih-Hsiung Lin Composition for prophylaxis or treatment of urinary system infection and method thereof
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JP7462868B2 (en) * 2018-10-26 2024-04-08 炭プラスラボ株式会社 Composition containing lactic acid bacteria production substance, method for producing equol, and method for producing composition containing lactic acid bacteria production substance

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