JP4186690B2

JP4186690B2 - Heating element cooling system and mobile phone base station

Info

Publication number: JP4186690B2
Application number: JP2003120467A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 攻明田中
Original assignee: Denso Corp
Current assignee: Denso Corp
Priority date: 2003-04-24
Filing date: 2003-04-24
Publication date: 2008-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-24
Also published as: JP2004324988A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は発熱体を冷却する冷却システムに関するもので、例えば携帯電話基地局内の電子機器、電気機器、電気変換器、バッテリ等の冷却に用いて有効である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の吸着式冷凍機を用いた携帯電話基地局用冷却システムでは、吸着式冷凍機の吸着コアで吸着剤を冷却した吸着剤用冷却水と、凝縮コアで冷媒を凝縮させた凝縮用冷却水とを混合して室外熱交換器に供給し、携帯電話基地局内で発生した熱を室外熱交換器から大気中に放熱している（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
また、特許文献１の記載の他の実施形態では、吸着剤用冷却水を冷却する第１室外熱交換器、及び凝縮用冷却水を冷却する第２室外熱交換器を設けて携帯電話基地局内で発生した熱を室外熱交換器から大気中に放熱している。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−１００８９１号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
吸着式冷凍機では、周知のごとく、気相冷媒を吸着剤に吸着させることにより液相冷媒を蒸発させて冷凍能力を得るものであるが、吸着剤の吸着能力は、吸着剤の雰囲気湿度（関係湿度）が大きくなるほど大きくなるものの、吸着剤が気相冷媒を吸着する際には、凝縮熱相当の熱（吸着熱）が発生するので、吸着剤にて気相冷媒を吸着させる吸着工程時には、吸着剤を冷却して関係湿度が低下することを抑制する必要がある。
【０００６】
また、吸着剤の吸着能力が飽和状態になると、吸着剤を冷却しても気相冷媒を吸着することができず、液相冷媒の蒸発が停止することから、通常、吸着剤が飽和した場合には、その飽和した吸着剤を加熱することにより吸着剤から気相冷媒を脱離放出させるとともに、その脱離した気相冷媒を冷却凝縮させて液相冷媒を再生する脱離（再生）工程を行う。つまり、吸着式冷凍機では、吸着工程と脱離工程とを交互に繰り返すことにより連続的又は間欠的に冷凍能力を発生させる。
【０００７】
ところで、吸着剤は、前述のごとく、吸着工程時には冷却され、脱離工程時には加熱されるので、吸着剤を冷却又は加熱する熱交換器、つまり吸着コアは、吸着工程時には冷却され、脱離工程時には加熱される。
【０００８】
このため、脱離工程から吸着工程に移行した直後においては、気相冷媒を吸着することにより発生吸着熱は勿論のこと、温度が上昇した吸着コア及び吸着剤に蓄えられた熱も含めて冷却する必要があり、吸着剤用冷却水を冷却する第１室外熱交換器は、これら全ての熱を放熱し得る仕様とする必要がある。
【０００９】
これに対して、凝縮コアの周囲は基本的に冷媒が飽和した状態であり、吸着工程から脱離工程に移行した直後であってもその温度変化は、脱離工程から吸着工程に移行した直後の吸着コアに比べると十分に小さいので、凝縮用冷却水を冷却する第２室外熱交換器は、脱離した気相冷媒を凝縮させるに必要な熱、つまり凝縮熱を放熱し得る程度の仕様で十分である。
【００１０】
したがって、第１室外熱交換器は、通常、第２室外熱交換器より大型になってしまうので、第１室外熱交換器と第２室外熱交換器とを同一仕様の熱交換器として、冷却システムの製造原価低減を図ることが難しい。
【００１１】
また仮に、第１室外熱交換器と第２室外熱交換器とを同一仕様の熱交換器とすると、第２室外熱交換器の仕様を第１室外熱交換器に合わせざるを得ないので、第２室外熱交換器が不必要に大型化してしまう。
【００１２】
本発明は、上記点に鑑み、第１には、従来と異なる新規な発熱体の冷却システムを提供し、第２には、室外熱交換器の大型化を抑制しつつ、冷却システムの製造原価低減を図ることを目的とする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明では、発熱体で発生した熱を吸熱して蒸発した気相冷媒を吸着するとともに、加熱されることによりその吸着していた冷媒を脱離する吸着剤、吸着剤と熱媒体とを熱交換する第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）、および、吸着剤から脱離した気相冷媒と熱媒体とを熱交換する第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）を有して構成される第１、第２吸着器（５ａ、５ｂ）、並びに、第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）及び第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）のうち少なくとも一方の熱交換器にて加熱された熱媒体と大気とを熱交換する第１、２放熱器（８、９）を有する吸着式冷凍機（４）と、熱媒体の流れを制御する制御手段（１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ）とを備え、
制御手段（１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ）は、第１吸着器（５ａ）の第２熱交換器（７ａ）と第２放熱器（９）との間で熱媒体を循環させるとともに、第２吸着器（５ｂ）の第１熱交換器（６ｂ）と第１放熱器（８）との間で熱媒体を循環させる第１基本作動モード、および、第１吸着器（５ａ）の第１熱交換器（６ａ）と第１放熱器（８）との間で熱媒体を循環させるとともに、第２吸着器（５ｂ）の第２熱交換器（７ｂ）と第２放熱器（９）との間で熱媒体を循環させる第２基本作動モードを所定時間毎に切替運転する通常運転モード、並びに、一方の第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体と他方の第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体とを混合した後、第１、２放熱器（８、９）へ分配供給するように第１、２熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ、７ａ、７ｂ）と第１、２放熱器（８、９）との間で熱媒体を循環させる高外気温度時運転モード、のいずれかの運転モードを、外気温度に基づいて切り換えることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
これにより、吸着剤から吸熱した熱を第１放熱器（８）のみで大気中に放熱する場合と第１放熱器（８）及び第２放熱器（９）の両放熱器で大気中に放出する場合とを切り換えることができ得るので、脱離工程から吸着工程に移行した直後等の放熱負荷が大きくなるときであっても、第１放熱器（８）単体の放熱能力を大きくすることなく、十分な放熱能力を得ることができる。
【００１５】
したがって、第１放熱器（８）と第２放熱器（９）とを第２放熱器（９）の仕様（放熱能力）に合わせて同一の仕様とすることができるので、冷却システムの大型化を抑制しつつ、冷却システムの製造原価低減を図ることができる。
【００１６】
請求項２に記載の発明では、発熱体で発生した熱を吸熱して蒸発した気相冷媒を吸着するとともに、加熱されることによりその吸着していた冷媒を脱離する吸着剤、吸着剤と熱媒体とを熱交換する第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）、および、吸着剤から脱離した気相冷媒と熱媒体とを熱交換する第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）を有して構成される第１、第２吸着器（５ａ、５ｂ）、並びに、第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）及び第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）のうち少なくとも一方の熱交換器にて加熱された熱媒体と大気とを熱交換する第１、２放熱器（８、９）を有する吸着式冷凍機（４）と、熱媒体の流れを制御する制御手段（１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ）とを備え、
第１、２放熱器（８、９）は、冷却風流れに対して並列に配置されており、制御手段（１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ）は、第１吸着器（５ａ）の第２熱交換器（７ａ）と第２放熱器（９）との間で熱媒体を循環させるとともに、第２吸着器（５ｂ）の第１熱交換器（６ｂ）と第１放熱器（８）との間で熱媒体を循環させる第１基本作動モード、および、第１吸着器（５ａ）の第１熱交換器（６ａ）と第１放熱器（８）との間で熱媒体を循環させるとともに、第２吸着器（５ｂ）の第２熱交換器（７ｂ）と第２放熱器（９）との間で熱媒体を循環させる第２基本作動モードを所定時間毎に切替運転する通常運転モード、並びに、一方の第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）、他方の第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）および第１、２放熱器（８、９）を熱媒体流れに対して直列接続した状態で、一方の第１熱交換器（６ａ、６ｂ）、他方の第２熱交換器（７ａ、７ｂ）および第１、２放熱器（８、９）の間で熱媒体を循環させる高外気温度時運転モード、のいずれかの運転モードを、外気温度に基づいて切り換えることを特徴とする。
【００１９】
請求項３に記載の発明では、制御手段（１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ）は、発熱体（２）で発生した熱を吸熱して温度を上昇した熱媒体を、第１放熱器（８）及び第２放熱器（９）のうち少なくとも一方に循環させる循環モードに切り替え可能であることを特徴とするものである。
請求項４に記載の発明では、循環モードでは、第１放熱器（８）および第２放熱器（９）のうち、いずれか一方のみにて熱媒体と大気とを熱交換することを特徴とするものである。
これにより、吸着式冷凍機（４）に支障が発生したときであっても、発熱体を冷却することができる。
【００２０】
請求項５に記載の発明では、発熱体には、耐熱温度が相違する少なくとも２種類の発熱体があり、さらに、２種類の発熱体のうち耐熱温度が低い発熱体は、２種類の発熱体のうち耐熱温度が高い発熱体で発生した熱にて稼動する吸着式冷凍機（４）にて冷却されることを特徴とするものである。
【００２１】
なお、請求項３と５と組み合わせた発明では、耐熱温度の異なる２種類の発熱体をそれぞれに適した温度とすることができ得る。
【００２４】
請求項６に記載の発明では、第１放熱器（８）と第２放熱器（９）とは、同一仕様の熱交換器であることを特徴とするものである。
【００２５】
請求項７に記載の発明では、第１放熱器（８）に冷却風を送風する第１送風機（８ａ）、及び第２放熱器（９）に冷却風を送風する第２送風機（９ａ）を有し、第１、２送風機（８ａ、９ａ）は、同一仕様の送風機であることを特徴とするものである。
【００２６】
請求項８に記載の発明では、第１放熱器（８）に熱媒体を循環させる第１ポンプ（１１ｄ）、及び第２放熱器（９）に熱媒体を循環させる第２ポンプ（１１ｃ）を有し、第１、２ポンプ（１１ｃ、１１ｄ）は、同一仕様のポンプであることを特徴とするものである。
【００２７】
請求項９に記載の発明では、請求項１ないし１０のいずれか１つに記載の発熱体の冷却システムにて、電気機器及び電子機器を冷却する携帯電話基地局を特徴とするものである。
【００２８】
因みに、上記各手段の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示す一例である。
【００２９】
【発明の実施の形態】
（第１実施形態）
本実施形態は、本発明に係る発熱体の冷却システムを携帯電話の基地局１内の電子機器や電気機器等の冷却に適用したものであり、図１は本実施形態に係る冷却システムの模式図である。
【００３０】
基地局１内には、比較的発熱量が多く、かつ、高温となる電波送信用アンプ、電波出力制御盤、整流器、電子機器、電気機器及び電気変換器等からなる第１発熱体２と、第１発熱体２より低温で冷却する必要がある回路制御盤、バッテリ、電子機器、電気機器、電気変換器及びモデム等からなる第２発熱体３と、両発熱体２、３を冷却する冷凍機４とが設けられている。
【００３１】
なお、両発熱体２、３は単独で稼動するものではなく、両者２、３が連動して稼動するもので、第１発熱体２は、第２発熱体３に比べて高い耐熱温度を有するものであり、第１発熱体２は、後述するように冷却水等の熱媒体が循環させられて水冷にて冷却される。
【００３２】
一方、第２発熱体３は、電子機器又は電気機器の実装密度が高く、冷却水を循環させることが難しいため、冷却器３ａにて冷却された基地局１内の空気、つまり内気が吹き付けられることにより強制空冷される。
【００３３】
また、冷凍機４は、第１発熱体２から吸熱し、その吸熱した熱により吸着剤を加熱することにより稼働する吸着式冷凍機であり、以下、吸着式冷凍機（冷凍機４）について述べる。
【００３４】
なお、吸着剤は、冷媒（本実施形態では、水）を吸着するとともに、加熱されることにより吸着していた冷媒を脱離するもので、本実施形態では、シリカゲルやゼオライト等の固体吸着剤を採用している。
【００３５】
また、吸着器５は内部が略真空に保たれた状態で冷媒が封入された容器であり、この吸着器５内には、吸着剤と熱媒体とを熱交換する第１熱交換器６と、熱媒体と吸着器５内に封入された冷媒とを熱交換する第２熱交換器７とが収納されている。
【００３６】
第１熱交換器６は、熱媒体が流れる複数本のチューブ、及びチューブの外表面に設けられて伝熱面積を増大させるフィン等からなるコア部の外表面に吸着剤がエポキシ樹脂等で接着された吸着コアをなすものであり、第２熱交換器７は、第１熱交換器６と同様に熱媒体が流れる複数本のチューブ、及びチューブの外表面に設けられて伝熱面積を増大させるフィン等からなる蒸発／凝縮コアをなすものであり、本実施形態では、第１熱交換器６を第２熱交換器７より上方側に位置させている。
【００３７】
因みに、本実施形態では、熱媒体として、エチレングリコール系の不凍液が混入された水、アルコールが混入された水又は水等の流体であって、機器類の腐食を抑制する防錆材が混入されたものを使用しているが、本実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００３８】
なお、本実施形態に係る冷凍機４は、複数個の吸着器５ａ、５ｂから構成されており、紙面上側の吸着器５ａ（以下、第１吸着器５ａと呼ぶ。）と紙面下側の吸着器５ｂ（以下、第２吸着器５ｂと呼ぶ。）とは、同じ構成であるので、両者を総称して呼ぶときは、吸着器５と表記する。また、熱交換器６、７の添え字ａは第１吸着器５ａ内の熱交換器であることを示し、ｂは第２吸着器５ｂ内の熱交換器であることを示す。
【００３９】
第１、２室外熱交換器８、９は基地局１の建物外に配設されて熱媒体と室外空気（大気）とを熱交換する放熱器であり、第１ファン８ａは第１室外熱交換器８に冷却用空気を送風する送風機であり、第２ファン９ａは第２室外熱交換器９に冷却用空気を送風する送風機である。
【００４０】
また、第１集熱器２ａは第１発熱体２で発生する熱を集めてその集めた熱と熱媒体と熱交換させるものであり、第２集熱器、つまり冷却器３ａは冷凍機４にて冷却された熱媒体とファン３ｂにより第２発熱体３に吹き付けられる冷却風とを熱交換してこの冷却風を冷却する熱交換器である。
【００４１】
バルブ１０ａ〜１０ｈは熱媒体流れを切り替えるロータリ式バルブであり、バルブ１０ｊは熱媒体通路を開閉する開閉バルブであり、ポンプ１１ａ〜１１ｄは熱媒体を循環させる電動式ポンプであり、これら１０ａ〜１０ｈ、１０ｊ、１１ａ〜１１ｄは、図示しない電子制御装置にて制御されている。
【００４２】
次に、本実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動を述べる。
【００４３】
１．通常運転モード
このモードは、第１発熱体２から吸熱し、その吸熱した廃熱により冷凍機４を稼動させて第２発熱体３を冷却するもので、外気温度が２０℃〜３０℃程度の低・中外気温度時に実行されるものである。
【００４４】
具体的には、以下に述べる第１、２基本作動モードを所定時間毎に切換運転するものである。因みに、所定時間は、吸着剤に吸着されていた冷媒を脱離させるに必要な時間に基づいて適宜選定されるものである。
【００４５】
なお、本実施形態では、第１発熱体２は１５０℃以下となるように冷却（吸熱）されており、第２発熱体３は外気温度（３５℃〜４５℃）以下程度となるように冷却され、冷凍機４は５０℃以上、１００℃以下で所定の冷凍能力が発揮するように各種諸元が決定されている。
【００４６】
１．１第１基本作動モード
このモードでは、図１に示すように、冷却器３ａと第２吸着器５ｂの第２熱交換器７ｂとの間で熱媒体を循環させることにより、第２吸着器５ｂ内の冷媒を蒸発させて冷却器３ａに冷却された熱媒体を供給することによって第２発熱体３を冷却するとともに、第２吸着器５ｂ内で蒸発した気相冷媒、すなわち水蒸気を第２吸着器５ｂ内の吸着剤にて吸着する。
【００４７】
このとき、吸着剤は凝縮熱に相当する熱量を発熱し、かつ、吸着剤の温度が上昇すると吸着能力が低下するので、第１室外熱交換器８にて冷却された熱媒体を第２吸着器５ｂの第１熱交換器６ｂに供給することにより吸着剤を冷却する。
【００４８】
一方、第１吸着器５ａの第１熱交換器６ａには、第１集熱器２ａにて熱媒体に吸熱された熱を、熱媒体を介して第１吸着器５ａの吸着剤に供給することより吸着剤を加熱し、吸着剤に吸着していた冷媒を脱離させるとともに、第１吸着器５ａの第２熱交換器７ａに第２室外熱交換器９にて冷却された熱媒体を供給し、その脱離した気相冷媒（水蒸気）を第２熱交換器７ａにて冷却して凝縮させる。
【００４９】
以下、冷媒を蒸発させて冷凍能力を発揮しつつ、その蒸発した気相冷媒を吸着剤にて吸着させている状態にある吸着器５のことを、「吸着工程にある吸着器５」と呼び、吸着剤を加熱して吸着していた冷媒を脱離させつつ、その脱離した冷媒を冷却凝縮させている状態にある吸着器５のことを、「脱離工程にある吸着器５」と呼ぶ。
【００５０】
１．２第２基本作動モード
このモードは、第１基本作動モードとは逆に、第１吸着器５ａを吸着工程とし、第２吸着器５ｂを脱離工程とするものである。
【００５１】
具体的には、冷却器３ａと第１吸着器５ａの第２熱交換器７ａとの間で熱媒体を循環させることにより、第１吸着器５ａ内の冷媒を蒸発させて冷却器３ａに冷却された熱媒体を供給することによって第２発熱体３を冷却するとともに、第１吸着器５ａ内で蒸発した気相冷媒（水蒸気）を第１吸着器５ａ内の吸着剤にて吸着する。
【００５２】
このとき、第１室外熱交換器８にて冷却された熱媒体を第１吸着器５ａの第１熱交換器６ａに供給することにより吸着剤を冷却する。
【００５３】
一方、第２吸着器５ｂの第１熱交換器６ｂには、第１集熱器２ａにて熱媒体に吸熱された熱を熱媒体を介して第２吸着器５ｂの吸着剤に供給することより吸着剤を加熱し、吸着剤に吸着していた冷媒を脱離させるとともに、第２吸着器５ｂの第２熱交換器７ｂに第２室外熱交換器９にて冷却された熱媒体を供給し、その脱離した気相冷媒を第２熱交換器７ｂにて冷却して凝縮させる。
【００５４】
２．高外気温度時モード
このモードは、外気温度が３０℃程度の以上の高外気温度時に実行されるものであって、通常運転モード時では、第１室外熱交換器８にて第１熱交換器６で吸熱した熱を大気（外気）中に放熱し、第２室外熱交換器９にて第２熱交換器７で吸熱した熱を大気中に放熱していたが、本モードでは、第１、２熱交換器６、７及び第１、２室外熱交換器８、９間で熱媒体を循環させるにより、第１熱交換器６で吸熱した熱と第２熱交換器７で吸熱した熱とを冷却風流れに対して並列に配置され２台の室外熱交換器８、９にて大気中に放熱するものである。
【００５５】
具体的には、バルブ１０ｈを図２に示すように切り換えるとともに、バルブ１０ｊを開いて、第１熱交換器６で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体と第２熱交換器７で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体とを混合した後、第１、２室外熱交換器８、９に分配供給するものである。
【００５６】
なお、吸着器５は、通常運転モード時と同様に吸着工程と脱離工程とを所定時間毎に切り換え運転される。つまり以下の述べる２つのモードを所定時間毎に切り換え運転する。
【００５７】
２．１モード１
冷却器３ａと第２吸着器５ｂの第２熱交換器７ｂとの間で熱媒体を循環させることにより、第２吸着器５ｂ内の冷媒を蒸発させて冷却器３ａに冷却された熱媒体を供給することによって第２発熱体３を冷却するとともに、第２吸着器５ｂ内で蒸発した気相冷媒を第２吸着器５ｂ内の吸着剤にて吸着する。
【００５８】
このとき、第１室外熱交換器８にて冷却された熱媒体を第２吸着器５ｂの第１熱交換器６ｂに供給することにより吸着剤を冷却する。
【００５９】
一方、第１吸着器５ａの第１熱交換器６ａには、第１集熱器２ａにて熱媒体に吸熱された熱を熱媒体を介して第１吸着器５ａの吸着剤に供給して吸着剤に吸着していた冷媒を脱離させるとともに、第１吸着器５ａの第２熱交換器７ａに第２室外熱交換器９にて冷却された熱媒体を供給して、その脱離した気相冷媒を第２熱交換器７ｂにて冷却して凝縮させる。
【００６０】
２．２モード２
冷却器３ａと第１吸着器５ａの第２熱交換器７ａとの間で熱媒体を循環させることにより、第１吸着器５ａ内の冷媒を蒸発させて冷却器３ａに冷却された熱媒体を供給することによって第２発熱体３を冷却するとともに、第１吸着器５ａ内で蒸発した気相冷媒を第１吸着器５ａ内の吸着剤にて吸着する。
【００６１】
このとき、第１室外熱交換器８にて冷却された熱媒体を第１吸着器５ａの第１熱交換器６ａに供給することにより吸着剤を冷却する。
【００６２】
一方、第２吸着器５ｂの第１熱交換器６ｂには、第１集熱器２ａにて熱媒体に吸熱された熱を熱媒体を介して第２吸着器５ｂの吸着剤に供給することより吸着剤を加熱し、吸着剤に吸着していた冷媒を脱離させるとともに、第２吸着器５ｂの第２熱交換器７ｂに第２室外熱交換器９にて冷却された熱媒体を供給し、その脱離した気相冷媒を第２熱交換器７ｂにて冷却して凝縮させる。
【００６３】
３．吸着式冷凍機非作動モード
本モードは、冬等の外気温度が十分に低く、吸着式冷凍機４を作動させる必要がない場合に実行する運転モードである。
【００６４】
具体的には、バルブ１０ｃ〜１０ｆを図３に示すように作動させて、冷却器３ａと第２室外熱交換器９とを繋いで冷却器３ａと第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させて冷却器３ａで回収した熱、つまり第２発熱体３の熱を直接的に大気中に放熱する。
【００６５】
なお、本実施形態では、第２熱交換器７を熱媒体通路の一部として利用しているが、本実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００６６】
また、第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱する。
【００６７】
４．通常運転回路故障時モード
本モードは、吸着式冷凍機４を稼動させるための熱媒体回路に異常が発生したときに行われるモードである。
【００６８】
具体的には、バルブ１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｇ、１０ｈを図４に示すように作動させて、第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱するものである。
【００６９】
なお、熱媒体が吸着器５側へ流れると、放熱ロスが発生するので、本実施形態ではバルブ１０ｃ〜１０ｆを全閉としている。
【００７０】
因みに、図４では、第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させているが、本実施形態は、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば第１集熱器２ａと第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させる、又は第１集熱器２ａと第１、２室外熱交換器８、９との間で熱媒体を循環させる等してもよい。
【００７１】
５．室外熱交換器故障時モード
本モードは、通常運転回路故障時モードに、第１室外熱交換器８、第１ファン８ａ及びポンプ１１ｄ等の室外熱交換器に関する機器が故障したときに実行されるモードである。
【００７２】
具体的には、バルブ１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｇ、１０ｈを図５に示すように作動させて、第１集熱器２ａと第２室外熱交換器９とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱するものである。
【００７３】
次に、本実施形態の作用効果を述べる。
【００７４】
本実施形態では、吸着剤から吸熱した熱を第１室外熱交換器８のみで大気中に放熱する場合と第１室外熱交換器８及び第２室外熱交換器９の両室外熱交換器で大気中に放出する場合とを切り換えるので、脱離工程から吸着工程に移行した直後等の放熱負荷が大きくなるときであっても、第１室外熱交換器８単体の放熱能力を大きくすることなく、十分な放熱能力を得ることができる。
【００７５】
したがって、第１室外熱交換器８と第２室外熱交換器９とを第２室外熱交換器９の仕様（放熱能力）に合わせて同一の仕様とすることができるとともに、第１ファン８ａと第２ファン９ａと第２ファン９ａの仕様（送風能力）を同一の仕様とすることができ得る。
【００７６】
延いては、室外熱交換器の大型化を抑制しつつ、冷却システムの製造原価低減を図ることができる。
【００７７】
また、第１室外熱交換器８に熱媒体を循環させるポンプ１１ｄ、及び第２室外熱交換器９に熱媒体を循環させるポンプ１１ｃを同一仕様のポンプとすることができる。
【００７８】
また、吸着式冷凍機非作動モードには、ポンプ１１ａ、１１ｂを停止させることができるので、吸着式冷凍機４の消費動力を低減することができる。
【００７９】
また、通常運転回路故障時モードには、バルブ１０ｃ〜１０ｆを全閉としているので、故障した吸着器５を容易に修理又は交換することができる。同様に、ポンプ１１ａ、１１ｂ、第２室外熱交換器９及び第２ファン９ａを容易に修理又は交換することができる。
【００８０】
また、室外熱交換器故障時モードにおいても、通常運転回路故障時モードとと同様にバルブ１０ｃ〜１０ｆを全閉としているので、故障した吸着器５を容易に修理又は交換することができるとともに、ポンプ１１ａ、１１ｂ、第１室外熱交換器８及び第１ファン８ａを容易に修理又は交換することができる。
【００８１】
ところで、第１発熱体２は、第２発熱体３に比べて高い耐熱温度を有するので、第１発熱体２の適正温度と第２発熱体３の適正温度とは相違する。
【００８２】
そして、吸着式冷凍機非作動モード時には、第１発熱体２は第１室外熱交換器８にて冷却され、第２発熱体３は第２室外熱交換器９にて冷却されるので、両発熱体２、３を容易にそれぞれに適した温度とすることができる。
【００８３】
（第２実施形態）
第１実施形態では、高外気温度時モード時に、第１熱交換器６で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体と第２熱交換器７で吸熱して温度が上昇した熱媒体とを混合した後、第１、２室外熱交換器８、９に分配供給したが、本実施形態では、第１、２熱交換器６、７及び第１、２室外熱交換器８、９を冷却用の熱媒体流れに対して直列接続するものである。
【００８４】
具体的には、図６に示すように、第１熱交換器６→第１室外熱交換器８→第２熱交換器７→第２室外熱交換器９→第１熱交換器６の順で冷却用の熱媒体を循環させるものである。
【００８５】
これにより、第１熱交換器６で吸熱した熱量と第２熱交換器７で吸熱した熱量とを２台の室外熱交換器８、９にて略均等に放熱することがで得るので、２台の室外熱交換器８、９を効率よく稼動させることができる。
【００８６】
因みに、本実施形態は、第２熱交換器７→第１室外熱交換器８→第１熱交換器６→第２室外熱交換器９→第２熱交換器７の順で冷却用の熱媒体を循環させてもよいことは言うまでもない。
【００８７】
なお、図７は本実施形態における通常運転モードを示す図であり、以下に本実施形態の作動を述べる。
【００８８】
１．通常運転モード
吸着工程にある吸着器５の第１熱交換器６と第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させて吸着剤を冷却することにより冷凍能力を発生させながら、脱離工程にある吸着器５の第２熱交換器７と第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させて冷媒を再生する。
【００８９】
なお、吸着工程にある吸着器５と脱離工程にある吸着器５とを所定時間毎に切り換えることは言うまでもない。
【００９０】
２．高外気温度時モード時
吸着工程にある吸着器５の第１熱交換器６→第１室外熱交換器８→脱離工程にある吸着器５の第２熱交換器７→第２室外熱交換器９→吸着工程にある吸着器５の第１熱交換器６の順で冷却用の熱媒体を循環させることにより冷凍能力を発生させながら、冷媒を再生する。
【００９１】
３．吸着式冷凍機非作動モード
第１実施形態と同様に、冷却器３ａと第２室外熱交換器９とを繋いで冷却器３ａと第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させて冷却器３ａで回収した熱、つまり第２発熱体３の熱を直接的に大気中に放熱するとともに、第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱する。
【００９２】
４．通常運転回路故障時モード
第１実施形態と同様に、第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第１室外熱交換器８との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱するものである。
【００９３】
５．室外熱交換器故障時モード
第１実施形態と同様に、第１集熱器２ａと第２室外熱交換器９とを繋いで第１集熱器２ａと第２室外熱交換器９との間で熱媒体を循環させて第１発熱体２で発生する熱を直接的に大気中に放熱するものである。
【００９４】
（その他の実施形態）
熱媒体は上述の実施形態に示されたもののみ限定されるものではなく、例えば水やアンモニア等の自然冷媒や、フロリナート等のフッ化炭素系冷媒、ＨＣＦＣ１２３、ＨＦＣ１３４ａ等のフロン系冷媒、メタノール、エタノール等のアルコール系冷媒、アセトン等のケトン系冷媒等が考えられる。
【００９５】
また、上述の実施形態では、携帯電話基地局を例に本発明を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、ビル、地下室、工場、倉庫、住宅、車庫及び車両等の空間内に配設された複数種類の発熱体（例えば、ガスタービンエンジン、ガスエンジン、ディーゼルエンジン、ガソリンエンジン、燃料電池、電子機器、電気機器、電気変換器、蓄電池等）の冷却に適用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態に係る冷却システムの模式図である。
【図２】本発明の第１実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動説明図である。
【図３】本発明の第１実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動説明図である。
【図４】本発明の第１実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動説明図である。
【図５】本発明の第１実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動説明図である。
【図６】本発明の第２実施形態に係る冷却システムの模式図である。
【図７】本発明の第２実施形態に係る冷却システムの作動説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１…携帯電話基地局、２…第１発熱体、３…第２発熱体、４…吸着式冷凍機、
５…吸着器、６…第１熱交換器（吸着コア）、
７…第２熱交換器（蒸発／凝縮コア）、８…第１室外熱交換器、
９…第２室外熱交換器。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling system for cooling a heating element, and is effective, for example, for cooling electronic devices, electric devices, electric converters, batteries and the like in mobile phone base stations.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional mobile phone base station cooling system using an adsorption refrigeration machine, the adsorbent cooling water in which the adsorbent is cooled by the adsorption core of the adsorption refrigeration machine and the cooling water for condensation in which the refrigerant is condensed by the condensation core Are mixed and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger, and heat generated in the mobile phone base station is radiated from the outdoor heat exchanger to the atmosphere (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In another embodiment described in Patent Document 1, a first outdoor heat exchanger that cools the adsorbent cooling water and a second outdoor heat exchanger that cools the condensing cooling water are provided. The heat generated in the room is radiated from the outdoor heat exchanger to the atmosphere.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-100891 A
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As is well known, in an adsorption refrigerator, a liquid-phase refrigerant is evaporated by adsorbing a gas-phase refrigerant to an adsorbent to obtain a refrigerating capacity. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is the atmospheric humidity of the adsorbent ( However, when the adsorbent adsorbs the gas-phase refrigerant, heat equivalent to the heat of condensation (adsorption heat) is generated. Therefore, during the adsorption process for adsorbing the gas-phase refrigerant with the adsorbent, It is necessary to cool the adsorbent and prevent the relative humidity from decreasing.
[0006]
Also, when the adsorbent adsorption capacity is saturated, the gas-phase refrigerant cannot be adsorbed even if the adsorbent is cooled, and the evaporation of the liquid-phase refrigerant stops. Is a desorption (regeneration) step in which the saturated adsorbent is heated to desorb and release the gas-phase refrigerant from the adsorbent, and the desorbed gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and condensed to regenerate the liquid-phase refrigerant. I do. That is, in the adsorption type refrigerator, the refrigerating capacity is generated continuously or intermittently by alternately repeating the adsorption process and the desorption process.
[0007]
By the way, as described above, the adsorbent is cooled during the adsorption process and heated during the desorption process. Therefore, the heat exchanger that cools or heats the adsorbent, that is, the adsorption core is cooled during the adsorption process. Sometimes heated.
[0008]
For this reason, immediately after the transition from the desorption process to the adsorption process, not only the generated heat of adsorption but also the heat accumulated in the adsorbent core and the adsorbent whose temperature has risen are cooled by adsorbing the gas-phase refrigerant. The first outdoor heat exchanger that cools the adsorbent cooling water needs to have specifications that can dissipate all of this heat.
[0009]
On the other hand, the refrigerant core is basically in a saturated state around the condensation core, and even immediately after the transition from the adsorption process to the desorption process, the temperature change immediately after the transition from the desorption process to the adsorption process. The second outdoor heat exchanger that cools the cooling water for condensation has a specification that can dissipate the heat necessary for condensing the desorbed gas-phase refrigerant, that is, the condensation heat. Is enough.
[0010]
Accordingly, since the first outdoor heat exchanger is usually larger than the second outdoor heat exchanger, the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are used as heat exchangers of the same specification for cooling. It is difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost of the system.
[0011]
Also, if the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are heat exchangers of the same specification, the specifications of the second outdoor heat exchanger must be matched to the first outdoor heat exchanger. The second outdoor heat exchanger is unnecessarily enlarged.
[0012]
In view of the above points, the present invention firstly provides a cooling system for a new heating element different from the conventional one, and secondly, the manufacturing cost of the cooling system while suppressing the increase in the size of the outdoor heat exchanger. The purpose is to reduce.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the invention according to claim 1 adsorbs the vapor phase refrigerant evaporated by absorbing heat generated by the heating element, and adsorbs the vapor phase refrigerant by being heated. Adsorbent that desorbs the collected refrigerant, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the adsorbent and the heat medium (6a, 6b),and,A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the gas-phase refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent and the heat medium (7a, 7b)First and second adsorbers (5a, 5b) configured to include:1st heat exchanger (6a, 6b) And second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) An adsorption refrigerator (4) having first and second radiators (8, 9) for exchanging heat between the heat medium heated by at least one heat exchanger and the atmosphere, and the flow of the heat medium Control means (10a to 10h, 10j) for controlling,
  The control means (10a-10h, 10j)A heat medium is circulated between the second heat exchanger (7a) and the second radiator (9) of the first adsorber (5a), and the second adsorber (5b)1st heat exchanger (6b) And the first radiator (8) to circulate the heat mediumBasic operationMode, andA heat medium is circulated between the first heat exchanger (6a) and the first radiator (8) of the first adsorber (5a), and the second adsorber (5b)Second heat exchanger (7b) And the second radiator (9) to circulate the heat medium secondBasic operationmodeNormal operation mode for switching operation at regular intervals, AndThe heat medium that has absorbed heat by one of the first heat exchangers (6a, 6b) and the heat medium that has been heated by the other second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) have been mixed. After that, to distribute the supply to the first and second radiators (8, 9)1st and 2nd heat exchanger (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b)WhenFirst and second radiators (8, 9)WithCirculate the heat medium betweenHigh outside temperature operation mode,One ofDriving modeIs switched based on the outside air temperature.
[0014]
As a result, the heat absorbed from the adsorbent is released to the atmosphere with only the first radiator (8) and released into the atmosphere with both the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9). Therefore, even when the heat radiation load increases immediately after the transition from the desorption process to the adsorption process, the heat radiation capacity of the first heat radiator (8) alone is not increased. Sufficient heat dissipation capability can be obtained.
[0015]
Therefore, since the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9) can be made to have the same specifications in accordance with the specifications (heat radiation capacity) of the second radiator (9), the size of the cooling system can be increased. The manufacturing cost of the cooling system can be reduced while suppressing the above.
[0016]
  In the invention according to claim 2,The first is to adsorb the vapor-phase refrigerant evaporated by absorbing the heat generated in the heating element, and to exchange heat between the adsorbent and the adsorbent that desorb the adsorbed refrigerant when heated. First and second heat exchangers (6a, 6b) and first and second heat exchangers (7a, 7b) configured to exchange heat between the vapor phase refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent and the heat medium. The adsorber (5a, 5b), the heat medium heated in at least one of the first heat exchanger (6a, 6b) and the second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) and the atmosphere. Adsorption type refrigerator (4) having first and second radiators (8, 9) for heat exchange, and control means (10a to 10h, 10j) for controlling the flow of the heat medium,
  The first and second radiators (8, 9) are arranged in parallel with the cooling air flow, and the control means (10a to 10h, 10j) is the second heat exchanger of the first adsorber (5a). Between the first heat exchanger (6b) and the first radiator (8) of the second adsorber (5b) while circulating the heat medium between the (7a) and the second radiator (9). A first basic operation mode in which the heat medium is circulated, and a heat medium is circulated between the first heat exchanger (6a) and the first radiator (8) of the first adsorber (5a), and the second A normal operation mode in which the second basic operation mode for circulating the heat medium between the second heat exchanger (7b) and the second radiator (9) of the adsorber (5b) is switched every predetermined time; and Heat medium flow through one first heat exchanger (6a, 6b), the other second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) and the first and second radiators (8, 9) Heat transfer medium between one first heat exchanger (6a, 6b), the other second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) and the first and second radiators (8, 9) in a state of being connected in series to each other Switch between the operation modes at high outside air temperature that circulates the air based on the outside air temperature.It is characterized by.
[0019]
  Claim3In the invention described inThe control means (10a-10h, 10j)Heating element(2)The heat medium that has absorbed the heat generated in step 1 and increased in temperature is circulated through at least one of the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9).Can be switched to circular modeIt is characterized by this.
  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the circulation mode, heat exchange between the heat medium and the atmosphere is performed by only one of the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9). To do.
  Thereby, even if it is a time when trouble occurs in the adsorption refrigerator (4), the heating element can be cooled.
[0020]
  Claim5In the invention described in, the heating element includes at least two types of heating elements having different heat resistance temperatures, and among the two types of heating elements, the heating element having a lower heat resistance temperature is the heat resistance of the two types of heating elements. Cooled by an adsorption refrigerator (4) that operates with heat generated by a high-temperature heating element.BeIt is characterized by this.
[0021]
  Claims3When5In the invention combined with the above, two types of heating elements having different heat-resistant temperatures can be set to suitable temperatures.
[0024]
  Claim6In the invention described in (1), the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9) are heat exchangers of the same specification.
[0025]
  Claim7In the invention described in (1), the first radiator (8a) for blowing cooling air to the first radiator (8), and the second fan (9a) for blowing cooling air to the second radiator (9), The first and second fans (8a, 9a) are the fans having the same specifications.
[0026]
  Claim8In the invention described in (1), it has a first pump (11d) that circulates the heat medium in the first radiator (8) and a second pump (11c) that circulates the heat medium in the second radiator (9), The first and second pumps (11c, 11d) are pumps having the same specifications.
[0027]
  Claim9In the invention according to claim 1, the electric device and the electronic device are cooled by the heating element cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.Mobile phone base stationIt is characterized by.
[0028]
Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses of each means described above are an example showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
In this embodiment, the cooling system for a heating element according to the present invention is applied to cooling an electronic device or an electric device in a base station 1 of a mobile phone, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooling system according to this embodiment. FIG.
[0030]
In the base station 1, a first heating element 2 including a radio wave transmission amplifier, a radio wave output control panel, a rectifier, an electronic device, an electric device, an electric converter, and the like that generate a relatively large amount of heat and become high temperature; A second heating element 3 composed of a circuit control panel, a battery, an electronic device, an electric device, an electric converter, a modem, and the like that needs to be cooled at a lower temperature than the first heating element 2, and a refrigeration for cooling both the heating elements 2, 3. 4 is provided.
[0031]
In addition, both the heat generating elements 2 and 3 are not operated independently, but both the elements 2 and 3 operate in conjunction with each other, and the first heat generating element 2 has a higher heat resistance temperature than the second heat generating element 3. The first heating element 2 is cooled by water cooling with a heat medium such as cooling water circulated as will be described later.
[0032]
On the other hand, since the second heating element 3 has a high mounting density of electronic devices or electrical devices and it is difficult to circulate cooling water, the air in the base station 1 cooled by the cooler 3a, that is, the inside air is blown. Forced air cooling.
[0033]
The refrigerator 4 is an adsorption refrigerator that operates by absorbing heat from the first heating element 2 and heating the adsorbent with the absorbed heat. Hereinafter, the adsorption refrigerator (refrigerator 4) will be described. .
[0034]
The adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant (in this embodiment, water) and desorbs the adsorbed refrigerant by being heated. In this embodiment, the adsorbent is a solid adsorbent such as silica gel or zeolite. Is adopted.
[0035]
Further, the adsorber 5 is a container in which a refrigerant is sealed in a state where the inside is maintained in a substantially vacuum, and the adsorber 5 includes a first heat exchanger 6 for exchanging heat between the adsorbent and the heat medium. The second heat exchanger 7 that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the refrigerant sealed in the adsorber 5 is housed.
[0036]
The first heat exchanger 6 has an adsorbent adhering to the outer surface of a core portion composed of a plurality of tubes through which a heat medium flows and fins etc. provided on the outer surface of the tubes to increase the heat transfer area with epoxy resin or the like The second heat exchanger 7 is provided on the plurality of tubes through which the heat medium flows and the outer surface of the tubes to increase the heat transfer area, like the first heat exchanger 6. In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 6 is positioned above the second heat exchanger 7.
[0037]
Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the heat medium is a fluid such as water mixed with ethylene glycol antifreeze, water mixed with alcohol, or water, and a rust preventive that suppresses corrosion of equipment is mixed. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this.
[0038]
The refrigerator 4 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of adsorbers 5a and 5b. The adsorber 5a on the upper side of the paper (hereinafter referred to as the first adsorber 5a) and the lower side of the paper are adsorbed. Since the device 5b (hereinafter referred to as the second adsorber 5b) has the same configuration, the generic term “both” is referred to as the adsorber 5. Further, the subscript a of the heat exchangers 6 and 7 indicates that the heat exchanger is in the first adsorber 5a, and b indicates that the heat exchanger is in the second adsorber 5b.
[0039]
The first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 are heat radiators that are disposed outside the building of the base station 1 and exchange heat between the heat medium and outdoor air (atmosphere). The first fan 8a has the first outdoor heat. The second fan 9 a is a blower that blows cooling air to the second outdoor heat exchanger 9.
[0040]
The first heat collector 2a collects the heat generated by the first heating element 2 and exchanges heat between the collected heat and the heat medium. The second heat collector, that is, the cooler 3a is the refrigerator 4. This heat exchanger cools the cooling air by exchanging heat between the heat medium cooled in step 1 and the cooling air blown to the second heating element 3 by the fan 3b.
[0041]
The valves 10a to 10h are rotary valves that switch the heat medium flow, the valve 10j is an open / close valve that opens and closes the heat medium passage, and the pumps 11a to 11d are electric pumps that circulate the heat medium. 10j and 11a to 11d are controlled by an electronic control device (not shown).
[0042]
Next, the operation of the cooling system according to this embodiment will be described.
[0043]
1. Normal operation mode
In this mode, heat is absorbed from the first heating element 2, and the refrigerator 4 is operated by the absorbed waste heat to cool the second heating element 3. The outside air temperature is low, medium, or outside at about 20 ° C to 30 ° C. It is executed at the atmospheric temperature.
[0044]
Specifically, the first and second basic operation modes described below are switched for every predetermined time. Incidentally, the predetermined time is appropriately selected based on the time necessary for desorbing the refrigerant adsorbed by the adsorbent.
[0045]
In the present embodiment, the first heating element 2 is cooled (endothermic) so as to be 150 ° C. or less, and the second heating element 3 is cooled so as to be about the outside air temperature (35 ° C. to 45 ° C.) or less. In the refrigerator 4, various specifications are determined so that a predetermined refrigeration capacity is exhibited at 50 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower.
[0046]
1.1 First basic operation mode
In this mode, as shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant in the second adsorber 5b is evaporated by circulating a heat medium between the cooler 3a and the second heat exchanger 7b of the second adsorber 5b. The second heating element 3 is cooled by supplying the cooled heat medium to the cooler 3a, and the vapor-phase refrigerant evaporated in the second adsorber 5b, that is, water vapor is adsorbed in the second adsorber 5b. Adsorbed at
[0047]
At this time, the adsorbent generates a heat quantity corresponding to the heat of condensation, and the adsorption capacity decreases as the temperature of the adsorbent rises. Therefore, the heat medium cooled by the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 is second adsorbed. The adsorbent is cooled by supplying the first heat exchanger 6b of the vessel 5b.
[0048]
On the other hand, to the first heat exchanger 6a of the first adsorber 5a, the heat absorbed by the heat medium in the first heat collector 2a is supplied to the adsorbent of the first adsorber 5a via the heat medium. Thus, the adsorbent is heated to desorb the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, and the heat medium cooled by the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 is transferred to the second heat exchanger 7a of the first adsorber 5a. The supplied gas phase refrigerant (water vapor) is cooled and condensed by the second heat exchanger 7a.
[0049]
Hereinafter, the adsorber 5 that is in a state where the refrigerant is evaporated to exhibit the refrigerating capacity and the evaporated gas-phase refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent is referred to as the “adsorber 5 in the adsorption process”. The adsorber 5 that is in a state where the adsorbent is heated to desorb the adsorbed refrigerant while the desorbed refrigerant is cooled and condensed is referred to as an “adsorber 5 in the desorption process”. Call.
[0050]
1.2 Second basic operation mode
In this mode, contrary to the first basic operation mode, the first adsorber 5a is used as an adsorption process, and the second adsorber 5b is used as a desorption process.
[0051]
Specifically, by circulating a heat medium between the cooler 3a and the second heat exchanger 7a of the first adsorber 5a, the refrigerant in the first adsorber 5a is evaporated and cooled to the cooler 3a. The second heat generating element 3 is cooled by supplying the heat medium thus formed, and the vapor-phase refrigerant (water vapor) evaporated in the first adsorber 5a is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the first adsorber 5a.
[0052]
At this time, the adsorbent is cooled by supplying the heat medium cooled by the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 to the first heat exchanger 6a of the first adsorber 5a.
[0053]
On the other hand, to the first heat exchanger 6b of the second adsorber 5b, the heat absorbed by the heat medium in the first heat collector 2a is supplied to the adsorbent of the second adsorber 5b via the heat medium. The adsorbent is further heated, the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent is desorbed, and the heat medium cooled by the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 is supplied to the second heat exchanger 7b of the second adsorber 5b. The desorbed gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and condensed by the second heat exchanger 7b.
[0054]
2. High outside temperature mode
This mode is executed when the outside air temperature is a high outside air temperature of about 30 ° C. or higher. In the normal operation mode, the heat absorbed by the first heat exchanger 6 in the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 is used. Was radiated to the atmosphere (outside air), and the heat absorbed by the second heat exchanger 7 in the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 was radiated to the atmosphere. In this mode, the first and second heat exchangers 6, 7 and the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8, 9 circulate the heat medium between the heat absorbed by the first heat exchanger 6 and the heat absorbed by the second heat exchanger 7. The two outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 are arranged in parallel to radiate heat to the atmosphere.
[0055]
Specifically, the valve 10h is switched as shown in FIG. 2 and the valve 10j is opened to absorb the heat from the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 to absorb the heat. After mixing the heat medium whose temperature has risen, it is distributed and supplied to the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9.
[0056]
The adsorber 5 is operated by switching between the adsorption process and the desorption process at predetermined time intervals in the same manner as in the normal operation mode. That is, the following two modes described below are switched and operated every predetermined time.
[0057]
2.1 Mode 1
By circulating the heat medium between the cooler 3a and the second heat exchanger 7b of the second adsorber 5b, the refrigerant in the second adsorber 5b is evaporated and the heat medium cooled by the cooler 3a is By supplying, the second heating element 3 is cooled, and the vapor-phase refrigerant evaporated in the second adsorber 5b is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second adsorber 5b.
[0058]
  At this time1 roomExternal heat exchanger8The adsorbent is cooled by supplying the cooled heat medium to the first heat exchanger 6b of the second adsorber 5b.
[0059]
  On the other hand, the first heat exchanger 6a of the first adsorber 5a supplies the heat absorbed by the heat medium in the first heat collector 2a to the adsorbent of the first adsorber 5a via the heat medium. The refrigerant adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed, and the second heat exchanger 7a of the first adsorber 5aSecondOutdoor heat exchangeVessel 9The heat medium cooled in step (b) is supplied, and the desorbed gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and condensed in the second heat exchanger 7b.
[0060]
2.2 Mode 2
By circulating the heat medium between the cooler 3a and the second heat exchanger 7a of the first adsorber 5a, the refrigerant in the first adsorber 5a is evaporated and the heat medium cooled by the cooler 3a is By supplying, the second heating element 3 is cooled, and the vapor-phase refrigerant evaporated in the first adsorber 5a is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the first adsorber 5a.
[0061]
  At this time1 roomExternal heat exchanger8The adsorbent is cooled by supplying the cooled heat medium to the first heat exchanger 6a of the first adsorber 5a.
[0062]
  On the other hand, to the first heat exchanger 6b of the second adsorber 5b, the heat absorbed by the heat medium in the first heat collector 2a is supplied to the adsorbent of the second adsorber 5b via the heat medium. The adsorbent is further heated, the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent is desorbed, and the second heat exchanger 7b of the second adsorber 5bSecondOutdoor heat exchangeVessel 9The heat medium cooled in step 1 is supplied, and the desorbed gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and condensed in the second heat exchanger 7b.
[0063]
3. Absorption refrigerator non-operation mode
This mode is an operation mode executed when the outside air temperature is sufficiently low, such as in winter, and it is not necessary to operate the adsorption refrigerator 4.
[0064]
Specifically, the valves 10c to 10f are operated as shown in FIG. 3 to connect the cooler 3a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 between the cooler 3a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9. The heat recovered by the cooler 3a by circulating the heat medium, that is, the heat of the second heating element 3 is directly radiated to the atmosphere.
[0065]
In the present embodiment, the second heat exchanger 7 is used as a part of the heat medium passage, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
[0066]
The first heat collector 2 a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 are connected to circulate a heat medium between the first heat collector 2 a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8, thereby Dissipates the generated heat directly into the atmosphere.
[0067]
4). Normal operation circuit failure mode
This mode is a mode that is performed when an abnormality occurs in the heat medium circuit for operating the adsorption refrigerator 4.
[0068]
Specifically, the valves 10a, 10b, 10g, and 10h are operated as shown in FIG. 4 to connect the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 to the first heat collector 2a and the first heat collector 2a. The heat medium is circulated between the outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the heat generated by the first heating element 2 is directly radiated to the atmosphere.
[0069]
Note that when the heat medium flows to the adsorber 5 side, a heat dissipation loss occurs, and in this embodiment, the valves 10c to 10f are fully closed.
[0070]
Incidentally, in FIG. 4, although the heat medium is circulated between the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8, the present embodiment is not limited to this. A heat medium is circulated between the heat collector 2a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9, or a heat medium is circulated between the first heat collector 2a and the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9. May be equal.
[0071]
5. Outdoor heat exchanger failure mode
This mode is a mode that is executed when a device related to the outdoor heat exchanger such as the first outdoor heat exchanger 8, the first fan 8a, and the pump 11d fails in the normal operation circuit failure mode.
[0072]
Specifically, the valves 10a, 10b, 10g, and 10h are operated as shown in FIG. 5 to connect the first heat collector 2a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 to the first heat collector 2a and the first heat collector 2a. A heat medium is circulated between the two outdoor heat exchangers 9, and the heat generated by the first heating element 2 is directly radiated to the atmosphere.
[0073]
Next, the function and effect of this embodiment will be described.
[0074]
In the present embodiment, the heat absorbed from the adsorbent is radiated to the atmosphere only by the first outdoor heat exchanger 8, and the both outdoor heat exchangers of the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 are used. Since the case of releasing into the atmosphere is switched, even when the heat radiation load increases immediately after the transition from the desorption process to the adsorption process, the heat radiation capacity of the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 alone is not increased. Sufficient heat dissipation capability can be obtained.
[0075]
Accordingly, the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 can be made to have the same specification in accordance with the specification (heat radiation capacity) of the second outdoor heat exchanger 9, and the first fan 8a The specifications (the blowing capacity) of the second fan 9a and the second fan 9a can be made the same specification.
[0076]
As a result, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the cooling system while suppressing an increase in the size of the outdoor heat exchanger.
[0077]
The pump 11d for circulating the heat medium in the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the pump 11c for circulating the heat medium in the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 can be pumps of the same specification.
[0078]
Moreover, since the pumps 11a and 11b can be stopped in the adsorption-type refrigerator non-operation mode, the power consumption of the adsorption-type refrigerator 4 can be reduced.
[0079]
Moreover, since the valves 10c to 10f are fully closed in the normal operation circuit failure mode, the failed adsorber 5 can be easily repaired or replaced. Similarly, the pumps 11a and 11b, the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the second fan 9a can be easily repaired or replaced.
[0080]
Also, in the outdoor heat exchanger failure mode, the valves 10c to 10f are fully closed as in the normal operation circuit failure mode, so that the failed adsorber 5 can be easily repaired or replaced, The pumps 11a and 11b, the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the first fan 8a can be easily repaired or replaced.
[0081]
By the way, since the 1st heat generating body 2 has high heat-resistant temperature compared with the 2nd heat generating body 3, the appropriate temperature of the 1st heat generating body 2 and the appropriate temperature of the 2nd heat generating body 3 differ.
[0082]
In the non-operating mode of the adsorption refrigerator, the first heating element 2 is cooled by the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 and the second heating element 3 is cooled by the second outdoor heat exchanger 9. The heating elements 2 and 3 can be easily set to temperatures suitable for each.
[0083]
(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, in the high outside air temperature mode, the heat medium that has absorbed heat by the first heat exchanger 6 and the heat medium that has increased temperature by absorbing heat by the second heat exchanger 7 are mixed. After that, the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 are distributed and supplied. In this embodiment, the first and second heat exchangers 6 and 7 and the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 are used for cooling. It is connected in series with the heat medium flow.
[0084]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the order of the first heat exchanger 6 → the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 → the second heat exchanger 7 → the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 → the first heat exchanger 6. The heat medium for cooling is circulated.
[0085]
Thus, the heat quantity absorbed by the first heat exchanger 6 and the heat quantity absorbed by the second heat exchanger 7 can be dissipated almost evenly by the two outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9, so that 2 The outdoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 of the table can be operated efficiently.
[0086]
Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the heat for cooling in the order of the second heat exchanger 7 → the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 → the first heat exchanger 6 → the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 → the second heat exchanger 7. Needless to say, the medium may be circulated.
[0087]
  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the normal operation mode in the present embodiment.This embodimentThe operation of is described.
[0088]
1. Normal operation mode
In the desorption process, the heat medium is circulated between the first heat exchanger 6 and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 of the adsorber 5 in the adsorption process to cool the adsorbent, thereby generating a refrigerating capacity. A heat medium is circulated between the second heat exchanger 7 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 of an adsorber 5 to regenerate the refrigerant.
[0089]
Needless to say, the adsorber 5 in the adsorption process and the adsorber 5 in the desorption process are switched every predetermined time.
[0090]
2. High ambient temperature mode
The first heat exchanger 6 of the adsorber 5 in the adsorption process → the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 → the second heat exchanger 7 of the adsorber 5 in the desorption process → the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 → the adsorption process The refrigerant is regenerated while generating the refrigeration capacity by circulating the cooling heat medium in the order of the first heat exchanger 6 of the adsorber 5.
[0091]
3. Absorption refrigerator non-operation mode
Similarly to the first embodiment, the cooler 3a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 are connected, and the heat medium is circulated between the cooler 3a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 to be recovered by the cooler 3a. The heat, that is, the heat of the second heating element 3 is directly radiated to the atmosphere, and the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat are connected by connecting the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8. A heat medium is circulated with the exchanger 8 to radiate heat generated in the first heating element 2 directly into the atmosphere.
[0092]
4). Normal operation circuit failure mode
As in the first embodiment, the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8 are connected to circulate the heat medium between the first heat collector 2a and the first outdoor heat exchanger 8. The heat generated by the first heating element 2 is radiated directly into the atmosphere.
[0093]
5. Outdoor heat exchanger failure mode
As in the first embodiment, the first heat collector 2a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9 are connected to circulate the heat medium between the first heat collector 2a and the second outdoor heat exchanger 9. The heat generated by the first heating element 2 is radiated directly into the atmosphere.
[0094]
(Other embodiments)
The heat medium is not limited to those shown in the above-described embodiment. For example, natural refrigerants such as water and ammonia, fluorocarbon refrigerants such as fluorinate, chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as HCFC123 and HFC134a, methanol, An alcohol refrigerant such as ethanol, a ketone refrigerant such as acetone, and the like are conceivable.
[0095]
In the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking a mobile phone base station as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and spaces such as buildings, basements, factories, warehouses, houses, garages, vehicles, etc. Application to cooling of a plurality of types of heating elements (for example, gas turbine engine, gas engine, diesel engine, gasoline engine, fuel cell, electronic device, electric device, electric converter, storage battery, etc.) it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory diagram of the cooling system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the cooling system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the cooling system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of the cooling system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of a cooling system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cell-phone base station, 2 ... 1st heating element, 3 ... 2nd heating element, 4 ... Adsorption type refrigerator,
5 ... Adsorber, 6 ... First heat exchanger (adsorption core),
7 ... 2nd heat exchanger (evaporation / condensation core), 8 ... 1st outdoor heat exchanger,
9: Second outdoor heat exchanger.

Claims

An adsorbent that absorbs the vapor phase refrigerant that has absorbed and evaporated the heat generated in the heating element and desorbs the adsorbed refrigerant by being heated, and heat exchange between the adsorbent and the heat medium. A first heat exchanger ( 6a, 6b ) and a second heat exchanger ( 7a, 7b ) configured to exchange heat between the gas phase refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent and the heat medium , The second adsorber (5a, 5b), and the heat medium heated by at least one of the first heat exchanger ( 6a, 6b ) and the second heat exchanger ( 7a, 7b ) An adsorption refrigerator (4) having first and second radiators (8, 9) for exchanging heat with the atmosphere;
Control means (10a to 10h, 10j) for controlling the flow of the heat medium,
The control means (10a to 10h, 10j)
A heat medium is circulated between the second heat exchanger (7a) of the first adsorber (5a) and the second radiator (9), and the first of the second adsorber (5b) . A first basic operation mode in which a heat medium is circulated between the heat exchanger ( 6b ) and the first radiator (8); and the first heat exchanger (6 a) of the first adsorber (5 a). Between the second heat exchanger ( 7b ) and the second radiator (9) of the second adsorber (5 b), while circulating a heat medium between the first radiator (8) and the first radiator (8). A normal operation mode in which the second basic operation mode in which the heat medium is circulated is switched at predetermined intervals ;
In addition, a heat medium whose temperature is increased by absorbing heat in one of the first heat exchangers (6a, 6b), and a heat medium whose temperature is increased by absorbing heat in the other second heat exchanger (7a, 7b), After mixing, the first and second heat exchangers ( 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b ) and the first and second radiators (8, 8) are distributed and supplied to the first and second radiators (8, 9). 9) , a high outside air temperature operation mode for circulating the heat medium between
Any one of the operation modes is switched based on the outside air temperature.

An adsorbent that absorbs the vapor phase refrigerant that has absorbed and evaporated the heat generated in the heating element and desorbs the adsorbed refrigerant by being heated, and heat exchange between the adsorbent and the heat medium. A first heat exchanger (6a, 6b) and a second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) configured to exchange heat between the gas phase refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent and the heat medium, The second adsorber (5a, 5b), and the heat medium heated by at least one of the first heat exchanger (6a, 6b) and the second heat exchanger (7a, 7b) An adsorption refrigerator (4) having first and second radiators (8, 9) for exchanging heat with the atmosphere;
Control means (10a to 10h, 10j) for controlling the flow of the heat medium,
The first and second radiators (8, 9) are arranged in parallel to the cooling air flow,
The control means (10a to 10h, 10j)
A heat medium is circulated between the second heat exchanger (7a) of the first adsorber (5a) and the second radiator (9), and the first of the second adsorber (5b). A first basic operation mode for circulating a heat medium between the heat exchanger (6b) and the first radiator (8); and the first heat exchanger (6a) of the first adsorber (5a). Between the second heat exchanger (7b) of the second adsorber (5b) and the second heat radiator (9). A normal operation mode in which the second basic operation mode in which the heat medium is circulated is switched at predetermined intervals;
In addition, one of the first heat exchangers (6a, 6b), the other second heat exchanger (7a, 7b), and the first and second radiators (8, 9) are connected in series to the heat medium flow. In a connected state, a heat medium is provided between one of the first heat exchangers (6a, 6b), the other of the second heat exchangers (7a, 7b), and the first and second radiators (8, 9). Circulation mode at high outside air temperature,
Any one of the operation modes is switched based on the outside air temperature.

Further, the control means (10a to 10h, 10j) removes the heat medium that has absorbed the heat generated by the heating element (2) and raised the temperature thereof into the first radiator (8) and the second radiator ( 9. The heating element cooling system according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling mode can be switched to a circulation mode for circulation to at least one of 9).

And in the circulation mode, one of the first radiator (8) and said second radiator (9), wherein a heat medium and the atmosphere at either only in claim 3, characterized in that the heat exchange Heating element cooling system.

The heating element includes at least two types of heating elements having different heat resistant temperatures,
Further, of the two types of heat generating elements, the heat generating element having a low heat resistance temperature is the adsorption type refrigerator (4) operated by the heat generated by the heat generating element having a high heat resistance temperature among the two types of heat generating elements. cooling system of a heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is cooled.

The cooling of the heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the first radiator (8) and the second radiator (9) are heat exchangers of the same specification. system.

A first fan (8a) for blowing cooling air to the first radiator (8), and a second fan (9a) for blowing cooling air to the second radiator (9);
The cooling system for a heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the first and second fans (8a, 9a) are fans of the same specification.

A first pump (11d) for circulating a heat medium in the first radiator (8), and a second pump (11c) for circulating a heat medium in the second radiator (9);
The heating system cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first and second pumps (11c, 11d) are pumps of the same specification.

9. A mobile phone base station, wherein an electric device and an electronic device are cooled in the cooling system for a heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .