JP4183964B2 - Friction stir welding equipment - Google Patents

Description

【００２９】
摩擦撹拌接合治具２３の治具本体２４は、治具本体用加圧手段４１によって、図４（Ａ）に示されるように下降および上昇移動され、治具本体用回転駆動手段４２によって図４（Ｃ）に示されるように回転駆動される。治具本体を加圧手段４１によって治具本体２４に作用する加圧力は、図４（Ｅ）に示される。
【００３０】
軸部２５は、軸部用加圧手段４３によって図４（Ｂ）に示されるように下降および上昇移動され、軸部用回転駆動手段４４によって図４（Ｄ）に示されるように回転駆動される。この軸部２５に作用する加圧力は、図４（Ｆ）に示される。
【００３１】
処理回路４７は、図５のステップａ１では、摩擦撹拌治具２３は、第1動作モードに移行した状態であり、図１（１）に示されるように、前述の各手段４１〜４４が停止している。処理回路４７は、外部から摩擦撹拌接合命令が与えられると、摩擦撹拌治具２３を接合位置上方に配置し、ステップａ２に進む。
【００３２】
ステップａ２では、時刻ｔ１以降、処理回路部４７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第２動作モードに移行させ、治具本体用加圧手段４１によって、治具本体２４を下降させる。次に、時刻ｔ１から時刻ｔ２に達すると、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第３動作モードに移行させ、軸部用加圧手段４３によって、軸部２５を下降させる。
【００３３】
処理回路部４７は、時刻ｔ２から時刻ｔ３に達すると、摩擦撹拌治具を第４動作モードに移行させ、軸部用回転駆動手段４４によって、軸部２５を回転駆動させる。治具本体２４および軸部２５が下降し、治具本体２４の端面３２が被接合物２１に接触したことが検出されると、ステップａ３に進む。
【００３４】
ステップａ３では、図１（２）に示されるように、治具本体２４の端面３２が被接合物２１に接触する。時刻ｔ３から時刻ｔ４に達すると、処理回路部４７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第５動作モードに移行させ、治具本体用加圧手段４１によって、治具本体２４を被接合物２１に予備加圧力Ｐ１で予備加圧する。予備加圧を行うことによって、被接合物２１，２２間の隙間が解消され、被接合物２１，２２が密着する。被接合物２１，２２が密着すると、ステップａ４に進む。
【００３５】
ステップａ４では、時刻ｔ４から時刻ｔ５に達すると、軸部２５が被接合物２１に接触し、処理回路部２７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第６動作モードに移行させる。第６動作モードでは、軸部用加圧手段４３によって、軸部２５を被接合物２１に加圧力Ｐ２で回転加圧する。これによって図１（３）に示されるように、軸部２５と被接合物２１とによって摩擦熱が生じ、軸部２５付近の被接合物２１が軟化し、軸部２５が被接合物２１に食い込む。
【００３６】
時刻ｔ５から時刻ｔ６に達すると、処理回路部２７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第７動作モードに移行させる。第７動作モードでは、治具本体用加圧手段４１によって、治具本体２４を予備加圧力Ｐ１より大きい加圧力３で加圧する。これによって図１（４）に示されるように、治具本体２４と被接合物２１とによって摩擦熱が生じ、治具本体２４付近の被接合物２１が軟化し、治具本体２４が被接合物に食い込み、被接合物２１，２２が部分的に摩擦撹拌状態となる。
【００３７】
このとき、治具本体２４と軸部２５とは、各回転駆動手段４２，４３によって回転駆動され、各加圧手段４１，４３によって、被接合物２１，２２を加圧する。治具本体２４および軸部２５は、それぞれ摩擦撹拌接合が最適に行われる回転速度および加圧力に設定される。
【００３８】
軸部２５は、被接合物２１，２２の軟化部分を撹拌するのに十分な加圧力および回転速度に設定され、治具本体２４は、被接合物を軟化するとともに、軟化部分の撹拌が小さい加圧力および回転速度に設定される。
【００３９】
たとえば治具本体２４の治具本体用回転駆動手段４２による回転速度Ｖ１に比べて、軸部２５の軸部用回転駆動手段４４による回転速度Ｖ２は、高い値に設定される。すなわちＶ１＜Ｖ２に設定される。また治具本体２４と軸部２５とが各加圧手段４１，４３によって加圧され、治具本体２４の治具本体用加圧手段４１による加圧力Ｐ３に比べて、軸部２５の軸部用加圧手段４３による加圧力Ｐ２は大きい値に設定される。すなわちＰ３＜Ｐ２に設定される。
【００４０】
摩擦撹拌状態で予め定められた摩擦撹拌時間Ｗが経過するとステップａ５に進む。
【００４１】
ステップａ５では、摩擦撹拌時間Ｗが経過し時刻ｔ６から時刻ｔ７に達すると、２つの被接合物２１，２２が軟化撹拌されて接合部分が形成され、処理回路部２７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第８動作モードに移行させる。第８動作モードでは、各加圧手段４１，４３によって治具本体２４および軸部２５が回転状態を保ったまま上昇される。
【００４２】
時刻ｔ７から時刻ｔ８に達すると、処理回路部２７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第９動作モードに移行させる。第９動作モードでは、治具本体用回転駆動手段４２によって治具本体２４の回転を停止する。
【００４３】
時刻ｔ８から時刻ｔ９に達すると、処理回路部２７は、摩擦撹拌治具２３を第１０動作モードに移行させる。第１０動作モードでは、各転駆動手段４２，４４によって治具本体２５および軸部２５の回転を停止し、ステップａ６に進む。ステップａ６では、図１（５）に示されるように、摩擦撹拌治具２３が被接合物の接合位置より上方の位置に配置され一連の動作を終了する。
【００４４】
摩擦撹拌治具は、ステップａ３で治具本体２４によって被接合物を予備加圧することによって、被接合物２１，２２間の隙間を解消した状態で摩擦撹拌動作を行う。これによって接合不良を生じることなく良好な摩擦撹拌接合を行うことができる。また治具本体２４と、軸部２５との回転速度および加圧力を個別に制御することができるので、治具本体２４には、被接合物２１，２２を軟化させるのに適した回転速度および加圧力に設定し、軸部２５には、被接合物２１，２２の軟化部分を撹拌させるのに適した回転速度および加圧力に設定することができる。これによって接合部分の領域を広範囲に形成することができ、接合強度を向上させることができる。また治具本体２４と軸部２５との回転方向は互いに同一方向であっても、逆方向であってもよく、さらに接合中に回転方向が反転してもよい。治具本体２４および軸部２５の回転方向は、摩擦撹拌接合が良好に行われる回転方向にそれぞれ個々に設定することができる。
【００４５】
またたとえば治具本体２４の前記端部が被接合物２１，２２を押圧して入り込む変位量ΔＬ１を、軸部用加圧手段４３によって軸部２５の前記端部５５が被接合物を押圧して入り込む変位量ΔＬ２未満となる値すなわちΔＬ１＜ΔＬ２となるように、治具本体２４と軸部２５との回転速度および加圧力を調整することによって、治具本体２４が被接合物２１に入り込む量を小さくして、剪断強度などの接合強度を向上することができるとともに、前述の先行技術に関連して述べた隆起部の発生を、抑制することができ、接合品質を向上することができる。たとえば治具本体２４の変位量ΔＬ１は、最初に治具本体２４が接触する被接合物２１の厚みの被接合物２１の厚みの１０％以下に設定される。被接合物の疲労強度は、前記変位量ΔＬ１が大きくなるにつれて低下するため、変位量ΔＬ１は、必要とされる被接合物の強度に応じて、必要最小限の変位量が適宜設定される。
【００４６】
図６は、被接合物２１，２２の隙間を解消した状態で摩擦撹拌接合された被接合物２１，２２の拡大断面図である。被接合物２１，２２は、比較的広い接合領域４８，４９にわたって接合されており、それらの接合部分５１，５２の厚みΔｄ２は、充分に厚く、しかも隆起部５３は、ごくわずかとなる。本発明にしたがう摩擦撹拌接合でも被接合物２１，２２の隙間を解消した状態で接合することができる。したがって図６と同様な接合状態を得ることができ、被接合物２１，２２を広い接合領域４８，４９にわたって接合して、摩擦撹拌接合強度を充分に大きくすることができる。
【００４７】
上述の形態では、第４〜第６動作モードにおいて、治具本体２４は回転せずに停止した状態であるが、本発明の実施の他の形態として第４〜第６動作モードにおいて、治具本体２４は治具本体用回転駆動手段４２によって低速度Ｖ３で回転駆動されたままであってもよい。この低い回転速度Ｖ３は、軸部２５の加圧回転の時刻ｔ２以降における前述の速度Ｖ１未満である（Ｖ３＜Ｖ１）。このような実施の形態においてもまた、治具本体２４は、前述の低い回転速度Ｖ３で被接合物２１，２２に接触し、加圧するので、高い精度で、正確な位置に接合を行うことができる。
【００４８】
図７は、本発明の実施の他の形態の一部の断面図である。この実施の形態は、前述の実施の形態に類似し、対応する部分には同一の参照符を付す。注目すべきはこの実施の形態では、摩擦撹拌接合治具２３の治具本体２４の下部３１に、加熱手段５５が内蔵される。加熱手段５５は、たとえば電気ヒータであってもよく、あるいはまた交流電源から電力が供給される誘導加熱コイルであってもよい。図７に示される実施の形態では、治具本体２４を昇降移動して加圧する治具本体用加圧手段４１が設けられるが、治具本体用回転駆動手段４０には設けられず、この治具本体２４は回転しない。軸部２５は、軸部用加圧手段４３によって昇降移動、加圧し、また軸部用回転駆動手段４４によって回転駆動される。加熱手段５５は、被接合物２１，２２を、軟化することができる温度に加熱し、この軟化部分を、軸部２５の加圧、回転駆動によって、撹拌する。
【００４９】
図７に示される実施の形態では、前述のように治具本体２４が回転されず、停止されたままであるので、その端部３１の端面３２が被接合物２１に食い込むことはなく、被接合物２１，２２に入り込まない。したがって前述の先行技術に関連して述べたように、被接合物２１の接合領域における厚みが減少することはなく、剪断強度などの接合強度が高く達成される。
【００５０】
図８は、本発明の摩擦撹拌接合装置３５が、ロボット５７の手首５８に装着された状態を示す簡略化した側面図である。ロボット５７は、複数軸を有し、予め教示した教示内容を、メモリから読出し、再生動作を行い、スポット接合を自動的に行うことができ、さらにまた摩擦撹拌接合装置３５を予め定める接合線に沿って移動して接合動作を行うこともできる。また上述した記載において、治具本体２４および軸部２５が上昇および下降するとしたが、押圧方向に変位すればよく、水平方向に並ぶ２つの被接合物を接合してもよく、それ以外の方向でも接合可能である。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、治具本体と軸部とを加圧と回転駆動とを個別に動作することによって、母材である被接合物への食い込み量を、治具本体と軸部とに関して個別的に設定することができ、したがって剪断強度などの接合強度の向上を図ることができるとともに、各種の厚みを有する被接合物に共通な摩擦撹拌接合治具を用いることができ、作業性が良好であり、さらに前述の図１０に関連して述べた隆起部１３の発生を抑制し、その隆起部の材料分、接合強度の向上を図ることができる。
【００５２】
また本発明によれば、摩擦撹拌接合治具の治具本体は、回転が停止している状態で、治具本体によって被接合物を押圧するので、スポット接合の接合位置を高精度で設定することができる。また被接合物間のギャップを解消することができ、確実な接合を行うことができる。
【００５３】
また本発明によれば、治具本体の回転による摩擦熱によって被接合物を軟化させる場合、治具本体の端部が被接合物に入り込む変位量ΔＬ１を、小さくすることによって、接合される被接合物の剪断強度などの接合強度を向上することができるとともに、前記隆起部の発生を抑制することができ、接合品質を向上することができる。
【００５５】
また本発明によれば、スポット接合を行うことによって、接合部分の接合強度を向上することができ、良好な接合品質を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の一形態の接合動作を示す断面図である。
【図２】図１に示される摩擦撹拌接合治具２３を用いる摩擦撹拌接合装置３５の簡略化した断面図である。
【図３】図２に示される摩擦撹拌接合装置３５の電気的構成を示すブロック図である。
【図４】図１（１）〜図１（５）に示される摩擦撹拌接合装置３５の動作を説明するためのタイミングチャートである。
【図５】図３に示される処理回路４７の動作を説明するためのフローチャートである。
【図６】被接合物２１，２２の隙間を解消した状態で摩擦撹拌接合された被接合物２１，２２の拡大断面図である。
【図７】本発明の実施の他の形態の一部の断面図である。
【図８】本発明の摩擦撹拌接合装置３５が、ロボット５７の手首５８に装着された状態を示す簡略化した側面図である。
【図９】先行技術の摩擦撹拌接合装置１の一部の断面図である。
【図１０】図９に示される先行技術の回転子２を用いて摩擦撹拌接合された被接合物３，４の拡大断面図である。
【符号の説明】
２１，２２ 被接合物
２３ 摩擦撹拌接合治具
２４ 治具本体
２５ 軸部
２６ 軸線
２７ 挿通孔
３１，３３ 端部
３２，３４ 端面
３５ 摩擦撹拌接合装置
４１ 治具本体用加圧手段
４２ 治具本体用回転駆動手段
４３ 軸部用加圧手段
４４ 軸部用回転駆動手段
５５ 加熱手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a friction stir welding apparatus that performs an object to be joined, such as spot welding, by friction stir welding.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prior art friction stir welding apparatus 1. The rotor 2 has a right columnar pin 5 protruding toward the workpieces 3 and 4 and a distal end portion 6 on which a base end portion of the pin 5 is integrally provided. The lower end face of FIG. 9 facing 5 forms a shoulder portion 7. 9, while the rotor 2 is driven to rotate about its axis, the rotor 2 moves linearly to the workpieces 3 and 4, the lower end surface of the pin 5 comes into contact with the surface of the workpiece 3, and the rotor 2 is Further, the pressure is applied so as to press the objects 3 and 4 to be displaced downward in FIG. 9, and the shoulder portion 7 of the distal end portion 6 comes into contact with the object 3 and pressurizes together with the pins 5. The shoulder portion 7 enters the workpieces 3 and 4. The objects to be bonded 3 and 4 are partially softened by frictional heat between the rotor 2 and the objects to be bonded 3 and 4, and the softened portions are stirred to bond the objects to be bonded 3 and 4.
[0003]
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the workpieces 3 and 4 that are friction stir welded using the prior art rotor 2 shown in FIG. The objects 3 and 4 are aluminum plates, for example. In this prior art, the pin 5 and the tip portion 6 having the shoulder portion 7 press the workpieces 3 and 4 while rotating integrally, so that the shoulder portion 7 to the workpiece 3 shown in FIG. The bite is large, and as a result, the thickness Δd1 of the joined portions 11 and 12 of the article 3 to be joined in the joining regions 8 and 9 of the articles 3 and 4 is small. Therefore, there is a problem that the shear strength in the left-right direction in FIG. If an attempt is made to increase the thickness Δd1 of the joined portions 11 and 12, the amount of biting of the shoulder portion 7 into the article 3 to be joined becomes small, thereby causing the thickness of the article 3 to be joined (the vertical direction in FIG. 10). Insufficient material agitation results in reduced bond strength. Further, in order to set the thickness Δd1 of the joint portions 11 and 12 to an appropriate thickness, the rotor 2 having various dimensional shapes must be prepared in accordance with the difference in the thickness of the workpieces 3 and 4. If it does so, the exchange work of the rotor 2 is required, workability | operativity is bad, and productivity is inferior.
[0004]
As the shoulder portion 7 penetrates deeply into the joined portion 3, a raised portion 13 that can be called a burr is formed on the outer periphery of the tip portion 6, and the material of the raised portion 13 is used for joining. This also causes a decrease in strength and inferior bonding quality.
[0005]
Since the rotor 2 is rotationally driven, the rotor 2 contacts and presses the workpieces 3 and 4, so that the rotor sways and the pins 5 and the shoulder portion 7 are joined to the workpieces 3 and 4. There is a problem that the accuracy of the position is low.
[0006]
Moreover, since the pin 5 rotated at high speed first contacts the workpiece, there is a risk that the friction stir operation may be performed in a state where the superposed workpieces 3 and 4 are not sufficiently adhered, that is, there is a gap. is there. When the friction stir operation is performed on the two objects to be bonded 3 and 4 in a state where there is a gap, the bonding portion of the objects to be bonded 3 decreases, and the shear strength of the objects to be bonded 3 and 4 to be bonded decreases. .
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to improve joint strength such as shear strength, and can use a common friction stir welding jig regardless of the objects to be joined having various thicknesses. to provide a friction stir welding equipment that allow.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a friction stir welding jig,
A jig main body having an end for pressing the object to be joined, and having an insertion hole coaxial with the axis;
A friction stir welding jig including a shaft portion that is inserted into the insertion hole and is provided so as to be displaceable in the axial direction and has an end portion that can project from the end portion of the jig body;
Pressurizing means for a jig body that pressurizes the end of the jig body against an object to be joined;
Rotation driving means for jig body for rotating the jig body;
A pressurizing unit for the shaft that pressurizes the end of the shaft to the workpiece;
A rotation driving means for a shaft for rotating the shaft;
A jig main body pressing means, a jig main body rotation driving means, a shaft portion pressing means, and a shaft portion rotation driving means for individually controlling,
The control means starts rotating the jig body by the jig body rotation driving means in a state where the end of the jig body is pressurized to the object to be joined by the jig body pressing means,
In the pressurizing state of the jig main body, the shaft portion is rotationally driven by the shaft portion rotation driving means while the end portion of the shaft portion is pressed against the workpiece by the shaft portion pressing means. It is a friction stir welding apparatus .
[0010]
According to the present invention, the friction stir welding jig includes a jig main body and a shaft portion coaxially inserted through the insertion hole of the jig main body, and the jig main body and the shaft portion are for the jig main body. It operates by each means of pressurization and rotation drive, and the shaft part operates by each means of pressurization and rotation drive for the shaft part. Therefore, pressurization and rotational driving of the jig main body and the shaft portion can be individually controlled. Therefore, the amount of biting into the workpiece, which is the base material, can be individually set for the jig body and the shaft portion, so that it is possible to improve the bonding strength such as shear strength and various thicknesses. Friction stir welding jigs common to objects to be joined can be used, workability is good, and the occurrence of the raised portion 13 described in relation to FIG. The material and the bonding strength can be improved. The rotation direction of the jig body and the shaft portion may be the same direction or the reverse direction.
[0013]
According to the present invention, the jig body of the friction stir joining jig in a state where rotation is stopped, stop the pressurized by pressing the object to be bonded, thus jig body is the rotation by the jig body retaining In a state where the pressure is applied , the shaft portion is rotationally driven while being pressurized. Therefore, the object to be joined is pressurized by the jig body, and the joining position, particularly the joining position during spot joining can be set with high accuracy. Further, when joining two overlapping objects to be bonded, the gap between the objects to be bonded can be eliminated over a wide range by pressing the objects to be bonded with a jig body having an area larger than the shaft portion. Reliable joining can be performed.
[0014]
The present invention, the control means, the displacement amount ΔL1 that said end of the jig body enters pressurizes the objects to be bonded by the pressurizing means for the jig body,
The shaft portion pressurizing means controls the end portion of the shaft portion so as to have a value smaller than a displacement amount ΔL2 that presses and enters the workpiece.
[0015]
According to the present invention, the displacement amount ΔL1 at which the end portion of the jig body enters the workpiece is independent of the displacement amount ΔL2 at which the end portion of the shaft portion enters the workpiece. Therefore, by reducing the displacement amount ΔL1 of the jig main body, it is possible to improve the joining strength such as the shear strength and to describe it in relation to the above-mentioned prior art. Occurrence of the raised portions can be suppressed, and the bonding quality can be improved.
[0022]
Moreover, the present invention is an apparatus for performing spot bonding .
[0023]
According to the present invention, by performing spot bonding with the above-described apparatus or jig, the bonding strength of the bonded portion can be improved, and good bonding quality can be obtained.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a bonding operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of, for example, two workpieces 21 and 22 stacked one above the other are joined by a friction stirrer provided with a friction stir welding jig 23 according to the present invention. The jig 23 includes a jig body 24 and a shaft portion 25 through which the jig body 24 is inserted. The jig body 24 has a right cylindrical shape, and an insertion hole 27 is formed coaxially with the axis 26 thereof. In the shaft portion 25, the insertion hole 27 is arranged coaxially with the axis line 26. The shaft portion 25 has a right cylindrical shape. An end face 32 of the end portion 31 of the jig main body 24 is perpendicular to the axis line 26. The end surface 34 of the end portion 33 of the shaft portion 25 is also perpendicular to the axis line 26. The shaft portion 25 is formed so as to be able to be immersed in and protrude from the jig body 24. The shaft portion 25 only needs to have a shape that can apply pressure and rotational frictional heat to the workpieces 21 and 22, and has a shape other than a right circular column shape, for example, a conical shape that contracts as it goes to the tip. Also good.
[0025]
FIG. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a friction stir welding apparatus 35 using the friction stir welding jig 23 shown in FIG. The objects 21 and 22 are mounted on the surface plate 36 and fixed. In the apparatus main body 37 fixedly provided in this state, the jig main body pressing means 41 for pressing the end portion 31 of the jig main body 24 to the workpieces 21 and 22 and the jig main body 24 are arranged on the axis thereof. 26, a jig body rotation driving means 42 that rotates around the shaft 26, a shaft portion pressing means 43 that presses the end 33 of the shaft portion 25 against the workpieces 21 and 22, and the shaft portion 25 around its axis 26. And a shaft rotation driving means 44 for rotationally driving. Each of these means 41 to 44 includes, for example, a servo motor. The detection means 46 detects the joining state of the objects 21 and 22 to be joined by the jig 23. The detection means 26 may be realized by an optical sensor or a television camera, for example. The friction stir welding apparatus 35 shown in FIG. 2 is merely an example of the present invention, and the friction stir welding apparatus may be attached to the wrist of an articulated robot, for example, a six-axis articulated robot.
[0026]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus 35 shown in FIG. The processing circuit 47 realized by a microcomputer or the like responds to the output of the detection means 46 and controls the operation of each of the means 41 to 44 described above. The detection means 46 may have a configuration for detecting a motor load current included in each of the means 41 to 44 to detect a joining state.
[0027]
FIG. 4 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the friction stir welding apparatus 35 shown in FIGS. 1 (1) to 1 (5). FIG. 5 explains the operation of the processing circuit 47 shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for. The processing circuit 47 sequentially achieves the operation modes shown in Table 1 of the friction stir welding apparatus 35.
[0028]
[Table 1]

[0029]
The jig main body 24 of the friction stir welding jig 23 is moved downward and upward by the jig main body pressing means 41 as shown in FIG. It is rotationally driven as shown in (C). The pressure applied to the jig body 24 by the pressurizing means 41 is shown in FIG.
[0030]
The shaft portion 25 is moved downward and upward as shown in FIG. 4 (B) by the shaft portion pressurizing means 43 and is rotationally driven by the shaft portion rotation driving means 44 as shown in FIG. 4 (D). The The applied pressure acting on the shaft portion 25 is shown in FIG.
[0031]
In step a1 of FIG. 5, the processing circuit 47 is in a state in which the friction stir jig 23 has shifted to the first operation mode, and as shown in FIG. is doing. When a friction stir welding command is given from the outside, the processing circuit 47 places the friction stir jig 23 above the joining position and proceeds to step a2.
[0032]
In step a2, after time t1, the processing circuit unit 47 shifts the friction stirring jig 23 to the second operation mode and lowers the jig body 24 by the jig body pressing means 41. Next, when the time t1 is reached from the time t1, the friction stir jig 23 is shifted to the third operation mode, and the shaft portion 25 is lowered by the shaft pressing means 43.
[0033]
When the processing circuit unit 47 reaches the time t3 from the time t2, the processing unit 47 shifts the friction stir jig to the fourth operation mode and causes the shaft unit 25 to rotate by the shaft unit rotation driving means 44. When it is detected that the jig main body 24 and the shaft portion 25 are lowered and the end surface 32 of the jig main body 24 is in contact with the workpiece 21, the process proceeds to step a3.
[0034]
In step a3, as shown in FIG. 1 (2), the end face 32 of the jig body 24 contacts the workpiece 21. When reaching the time t4 from the time t3, the processing circuit unit 47 shifts the friction stirring jig 23 to the fifth operation mode, and the jig main body 24 is preliminarily attached to the workpiece 21 by the jig main body pressing means 41. Pre-pressurize with pressure P1. By performing the pre-pressurization, the gap between the workpieces 21 and 22 is eliminated, and the workpieces 21 and 22 are brought into close contact with each other. When the workpieces 21 and 22 come into close contact with each other, the process proceeds to step a4.
[0035]
In step a4, when the time t4 is reached from the time t4, the shaft portion 25 comes into contact with the workpiece 21 and the processing circuit portion 27 shifts the friction stirring jig 23 to the sixth operation mode. In the sixth operation mode, the shaft portion pressurizing means 43 rotates and presses the shaft portion 25 onto the workpiece 21 with the applied pressure P2. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (3), frictional heat is generated by the shaft portion 25 and the workpiece 21, the workpiece 21 near the shaft portion 25 is softened, and the shaft portion 25 becomes the workpiece 21. Bite.
[0036]
When reaching the time t6 from the time t5, the processing circuit unit 27 shifts the friction stirring jig 23 to the seventh operation mode. In the seventh operation mode, the jig body 24 is pressurized by the jig body pressurizing means 41 with a pressure 3 greater than the preliminary pressure P1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (4), frictional heat is generated by the jig body 24 and the article 21 to be joined, the article 21 near the jig body 24 is softened, and the jig body 24 is joined. The objects 21 and 22 partially bite into the friction stir state.
[0037]
At this time, the jig main body 24 and the shaft portion 25 are rotationally driven by the rotational drive means 42 and 43, and pressurize the workpieces 21 and 22 by the pressurizing means 41 and 43. The jig main body 24 and the shaft portion 25 are set to a rotational speed and a pressurizing force at which friction stir welding is optimally performed, respectively.
[0038]
The shaft portion 25 is set to a pressure and a rotation speed sufficient to stir the softened portions of the workpieces 21 and 22, and the jig body 24 softens the workpiece, and the stirring of the softened portions is small. The pressure and rotation speed are set.
[0039]
For example, the rotation speed V2 of the shaft portion 25 by the shaft portion rotation driving means 44 is set to a higher value than the rotation speed V1 of the jig body 24 by the jig body rotation driving means 42. That is, V1 <V2. Further, the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 are pressurized by the pressurizing means 41 and 43, and the shaft portion of the shaft portion 25 is compared with the pressing force P <b> 3 by the jig body pressurizing means 41 of the jig body 24. The pressure P2 applied by the pressurizing means 43 is set to a large value. That is, P3 <P2.
[0040]
When a predetermined friction stirring time W elapses in the friction stirring state, the process proceeds to step a5.
[0041]
In step a5, when the friction agitation time W elapses and time t6 reaches time t7, the two workpieces 21 and 22 are softened and agitated to form a joined portion. Is shifted to the eighth operation mode. In the eighth operation mode, the pressurizing means 41 and 43 raise the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 while maintaining the rotation state.
[0042]
When reaching time t8 from time t7, the processing circuit unit 27 shifts the friction stir jig 23 to the ninth operation mode. In the ninth operation mode, the rotation of the jig body 24 is stopped by the jig body rotation driving means 42.
[0043]
When reaching time t9 from time t8, the processing circuit unit 27 shifts the friction stirring jig 23 to the tenth operation mode. In the tenth operation mode, the rotation of the jig body 25 and the shaft portion 25 is stopped by the rolling drive means 42 and 44, and the process proceeds to step a6. In step a6, as shown in FIG. 1 (5), the friction stir jig 23 is arranged at a position above the joining position of the workpieces, and the series of operations is completed.
[0044]
The friction stirrer performs a friction stir operation in a state in which the gap between the objects 21 and 22 is eliminated by pre-pressurizing the object to be bonded by the jig body 24 in step a3. As a result, good friction stir welding can be performed without causing poor bonding. Moreover, since the rotation speed and the applied pressure of the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 can be individually controlled, the jig body 24 has a rotation speed suitable for softening the workpieces 21 and 22 and The pressure can be set, and the shaft portion 25 can be set to a rotation speed and pressure suitable for stirring the softened portions of the workpieces 21 and 22. Thereby, the region of the joint portion can be formed in a wide range, and the joint strength can be improved. Moreover, the rotation direction of the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 may be the same direction or opposite directions, and the rotation direction may be reversed during the joining. The rotation directions of the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 can be individually set to the rotation directions in which the friction stir welding is favorably performed.
[0045]
Further, for example, the displacement amount ΔL1 in which the end portion of the jig body 24 presses and enters the workpieces 21 and 22 is pressed, and the end portion 55 of the shaft portion 25 presses the workpiece to be bonded by the pressing portion 43 for the shaft portion. Then, the jig body 24 enters the workpiece 21 by adjusting the rotational speed and the applied pressure between the jig body 24 and the shaft portion 25 so that the displacement amount is less than the displacement amount ΔL2, that is, ΔL1 <ΔL2. The amount can be reduced to improve the joint strength such as shear strength, and the occurrence of the raised portion described in relation to the above-mentioned prior art can be suppressed, and the joint quality can be improved. . For example, the displacement amount ΔL1 of the jig body 24 is set to 10% or less of the thickness of the workpiece 21 with which the jig body 24 first comes into contact. Since the fatigue strength of the workpiece decreases as the displacement amount ΔL1 increases, the minimum displacement amount is appropriately set as the displacement amount ΔL1 according to the required strength of the workpiece.
[0046]
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the workpieces 21 and 22 that are friction stir welded in a state where the gap between the workpieces 21 and 22 is eliminated. The workpieces 21 and 22 are joined over a relatively wide joining region 48 and 49, and the thickness Δd2 of the joining portions 51 and 52 is sufficiently thick, and the bulge 53 is negligible. The friction stir welding according to the present invention can be joined in a state in which the gap between the workpieces 21 and 22 is eliminated. Therefore, a joining state similar to that of FIG. 6 can be obtained, and the objects 21 and 22 to be joined can be joined over the wide joining regions 48 and 49, and the friction stir welding strength can be sufficiently increased.
[0047]
In the above-described embodiment, the jig body 24 is in a stopped state without rotating in the fourth to sixth operation modes. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, in the fourth to sixth operation modes, the jig body 24 is stopped. The main body 24 may remain rotationally driven at the low speed V3 by the jig main body rotational driving means 42. This low rotation speed V3 is less than the above-described speed V1 after time t2 of the pressurization rotation of the shaft portion 25 (V3 <V1). Also in such an embodiment, since the jig main body 24 contacts and pressurizes the workpieces 21 and 22 at the low rotational speed V3 described above, the jig main body 24 can be joined to a precise position with high accuracy. it can.
[0048]
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the above-described embodiment, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the heating means 55 is built in the lower portion 31 of the jig main body 24 of the friction stir welding jig 23. The heating means 55 may be, for example, an electric heater, or may be an induction heating coil to which power is supplied from an AC power source. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the jig body pressing means 41 for moving the jig body 24 up and down to pressurize is provided, but not provided in the jig body rotation driving means 40. The tool body 24 does not rotate. The shaft portion 25 is moved up and down and pressurized by the shaft portion pressurizing means 43, and is rotationally driven by the shaft portion rotation driving means 44. The heating means 55 heats the workpieces 21 and 22 to a temperature at which they can be softened, and stirs the softened parts by pressurizing and rotating the shaft part 25.
[0049]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the jig body 24 is not rotated and stopped as described above, so that the end surface 32 of the end portion 31 does not bite into the workpiece 21 and is joined. It does not enter the objects 21 and 22. Therefore, as described in relation to the above-described prior art, the thickness of the bonded region of the article to be bonded 21 does not decrease, and a high bonding strength such as a shear strength can be achieved.
[0050]
FIG. 8 is a simplified side view showing a state in which the friction stir welding apparatus 35 of the present invention is attached to the wrist 58 of the robot 57. The robot 57 has a plurality of axes, reads the teaching content taught in advance from the memory, performs a reproduction operation, and can automatically perform spot welding, and the friction stir welding device 35 is set to a predetermined joining line. It is also possible to move along the bonding operation. In the above description, the jig main body 24 and the shaft portion 25 are raised and lowered. However, the jig main body 24 and the shaft portion 25 may be displaced in the pressing direction, and two objects to be joined in the horizontal direction may be joined. But it can be joined.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by pressing and rotating the jig main body and the shaft part separately, the amount of biting into the workpiece to be joined can be reduced. It can be set individually with respect to the part, so that it is possible to improve the joint strength such as shear strength, and a friction stir welding jig common to the workpieces having various thicknesses can be used, The workability is good, and further, the occurrence of the raised portion 13 described in relation to FIG. 10 described above can be suppressed, and the material content and the bonding strength of the raised portion can be improved.
[0052]
Further, according to the present invention, the jig main body of the friction stir welding jig presses the object to be joined by the jig main body in a state where the rotation is stopped. be able to. Further, the gap between the objects to be bonded can be eliminated, and reliable bonding can be performed.
[0053]
According to the present invention, when the workpiece is softened by frictional heat generated by the rotation of the jig main body, the displacement ΔL1 at which the end of the jig main body enters the workpiece is reduced, thereby reducing the workpiece to be joined. While joining strength, such as the shear strength of a joined material, can be improved, generation | occurrence | production of the said protruding part can be suppressed and joining quality can be improved.
[0055]
Further, according to the present invention, by performing spot bonding, it is possible to improve the bonding strength of the bonded portion and to obtain good bonding quality.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a bonding operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a friction stir welding apparatus 35 using the friction stir welding jig 23 shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus 35 shown in FIG. 2;
4 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the friction stir welding apparatus 35 shown in FIGS. 1 (1) to 1 (5). FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the processing circuit 47 shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the workpieces 21 and 22 that are friction stir welded in a state in which the gap between the workpieces 21 and 22 is eliminated.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a simplified side view showing a state in which the friction stir welding apparatus 35 of the present invention is attached to a wrist 58 of a robot 57. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prior art friction stir welding apparatus 1;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of workpieces 3 and 4 that are friction stir welded using the prior art rotor 2 shown in FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
21, 22 Workpiece 23 Friction stir welding jig 24 Jig main body 25 Shaft part 26 Axis line 27 Insertion holes 31, 33 Ends 32, 34 End face 35 Friction stir welding device 41 Jig main body pressing means 42 Jig main body Rotation driving means 43 Shaft pressing means 44 Shaft rotation driving means 55 Heating means

Claims (3)

A friction stir welding jig,
A jig main body having an end for pressing the object to be joined, and having an insertion hole coaxial with the axis;
A friction stir welding jig including a shaft portion that is inserted into the insertion hole and is provided so as to be displaceable in the axial direction and has an end portion that can project from the end portion of the jig body;
Pressurizing means for a jig body that pressurizes the end of the jig body against an object to be joined;
Rotation driving means for jig body for rotating the jig body;
A pressurizing unit for the shaft that pressurizes the end of the shaft to the workpiece;
A rotation driving means for a shaft for rotating the shaft;
A jig main body pressing means, a jig main body rotation driving means, a shaft portion pressing means, and a shaft portion rotation driving means for individually controlling,
The control means starts rotating the jig body by the jig body rotation driving means in a state where the end of the jig body is pressurized to the object to be joined by the jig body pressing means,
In the pressurizing state of the jig main body, the shaft portion is rotationally driven by the shaft portion rotation driving means while the end portion of the shaft portion is pressed against the workpiece by the shaft portion pressing means. Friction stir welding device. The control means has a displacement amount ΔL1 in which the end of the jig body pressurizes the object to be joined by the jig body pressurizing means,
Friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said end portion of the shaft portion by pressing means for the shaft portion is characterized that you controlled so that a value smaller than the displacement amount ΔL2 enter by pressing the object to be bonded . Friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the device der Rukoto for performing spot joining.

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