KR100765843B1 - A joining method for a aluminum panel - Google Patents

A joining method for a aluminum panel Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100765843B1
KR100765843B1 KR20060038751A KR20060038751A KR100765843B1 KR 100765843 B1 KR100765843 B1 KR 100765843B1 KR 20060038751 A KR20060038751 A KR 20060038751A KR 20060038751 A KR20060038751 A KR 20060038751A KR 100765843 B1 KR100765843 B1 KR 100765843B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
joining
aluminum
rotary pin
aluminum panel
aluminum panels
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KR20060038751A
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Korean (ko)
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정병훈
이문용
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주식회사 성우하이텍
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/027—Setting rivets by friction heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

An aluminum panel joining method is provided to increases strength of weld joints of weldments made of aluminum, and to complement a joint groove formed by friction spot joining through mechanical joining. A joining method of aluminum panels(10) comprises: a first step(S1) of initiating the rotation of a rotor(7) together with a rotary pin(9) by driving a stirring motor of a friction stir spot-welding apparatus; a second step(S2) of driving a pressing motor to allow the rotary pin to rotate and contact-press the aluminum panels at the same time correspondingly to a joining position(P) of the aluminum panels that are weldments; a third step(S3) of performing rotating and contact-pressing operations of the rotary pin to form a welding portion(13) on the joining position of the aluminum panels by friction heat of the rotary pin, and allowing the aluminum panels to be joined by softening and stirring; a fourth step(S4) of continuously proceeding the third step to formed a through hole in the welding portion at the joining position of the aluminum panels; a fifth step(S5) of stopping the operation of the pressing motor and the stirring motor, and restoring the rotary pin and the rotor to their initial positions; and a sixth step(S6) of performing a riveting operation through the through hole to form a rivet joint(21) at the joining position of the aluminum panels.

Description

알루미늄 패널의 접합방법{A JOINING METHOD FOR A ALUMINUM PANEL} Joining method of aluminum panel {A JOINING METHOD FOR A ALUMINUM PANEL}

도 1은 로봇을 이용한 마찰교반 점용접 시스템의 전체 구성도이다. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a friction stir spot welding system using a robot.

도 2는 종래 기술에 따른 마찰교반 점용접을 이용한 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법을 도시한 단계별 접합 상태도이다.2 is a step-by-step bonding state diagram showing a method of bonding an aluminum panel using friction stir spot welding according to the prior art.

도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 의한 단계별 접합 상태도이다. 3 is a step-by-step bonding state diagram by the aluminum panel bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법의 단계별 블록도이다. 4 is a step-by-step block diagram of a method of joining an aluminum panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명은 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 마찰교반 점용접과 기계적 접합을 동시에 이용하여 알루미늄 합금의 접합강도를 높이고, 마찰교반 점용접에 의해 생성되는 접합홈을 기계적 접합을 통하여 보완할 수 있도록 하는 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method of joining an aluminum panel, and more particularly, by using a friction stir spot welding and a mechanical joint at the same time to increase the bonding strength of the aluminum alloy, and through the mechanical joining the joining groove generated by the friction stir spot welding The present invention relates to a method for joining aluminum panels that can be supplemented.

일반적으로 알루미늄 소재 혹은 알루미늄 합금소재는 차체의 경량화를 위하여 최근에 차체부품의 소재로 많이 사용되는데, 이러한 알루미늄 소재를 이용한 패 널의 접합방법은 점용접이 일반적인 스틸재 차체부품과는 다르게 열 전도도와 전기 전도도의 차이로 높은 전류를 이용하여 빠른 시간에 용접해야함으로 점용접이 쉽지 않은 특성을 갖는다. In general, aluminum materials or aluminum alloy materials are recently used as materials for body parts in order to reduce the weight of the car body. The panel joining method using these aluminum materials has a thermal conductivity and is different from that of steel body parts in which spot welding is common. Due to the difference in electrical conductivity, spot welding is not easy because it requires fast welding with high current.

이에, 상기 알루미늄 소재의 경우는 소재 특성상 이와 같이 경량소재의 접합기술로 각광을 받고 있는 마찰교반 점용접 기술을 이용하고 있는 추세이며, 현재 국내 자동차 업계에서도 기술개발 중에 있다. Accordingly, in the case of the aluminum material, the friction stir spot welding technology, which is in the spotlight as the bonding technology for lightweight materials, is being used in the characteristics of the material, and is currently being developed in the domestic automotive industry.

즉, 이러한 마찰교반 점용접을 이용한 알루미늄 패널의 접합기술은 핀의 회전에 의한 마찰열로 피접합물을 연화, 교반하여 상호 접합되도록 하는 것으로, 이를 보다 구체적으로 살펴보면, 도 1에서 도시한 바와 같이, 마찰교반 점용접장치(1)는 로봇(3)의 아암(5) 선단에 누름용 모터(미도시)와 교반용 모터(미도시) 및 상기 교반용 모터(미도시)의 회전축에 장착되는 로터(7)와, 이 로터(7)의 선단에 구성되는 회전핀(9, 도 2참조), 그리고 이 회전핀(9)과 동일축 선상의 하부에서 피접합물을 지지하도록 구성되는 백 빔(11) 등으로 구성된다. That is, the joining technology of the aluminum panel using the friction stir spot welding is to soften and stir the joined objects by frictional heat by the rotation of the pins, so that the bonded parts are joined to each other. As shown in FIG. The friction stir spot welding device 1 is a rotor mounted on a rotational shaft of a pushing motor (not shown), a stirring motor (not shown), and the stirring motor (not shown) at the tip of the arm 5 of the robot 3. (7), a rotating pin (9, see Fig. 2) formed at the tip of the rotor (7), and a back beam configured to support the object to be joined under the coaxial line with the rotating pin (9) 11) and the like.

이러한 마찰교반 점용접장치(1)는, 도 2에서 도시한 바와 같이, 먼저, 교반용 모터의 구동으로 로터(7)가 회전핀(9)과 함께 회전을 개시하게 되며(S10), 그 다음 누름용 모터(미도시)가 구동하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 대응하여 상기 회전핀(9)이 회전작동과 동시에 접촉 가압하도록 압입단계를 개시하게 된다.(S20)In this friction stir spot welding device 1, as shown in FIG. 2, first, the rotor 7 starts to rotate together with the rotary pin 9 by driving of a stirring motor (S10). The pressing motor (not shown) is driven to start the press-fitting step so that the rotary pin 9 contacts and presses simultaneously with the rotational operation in response to the bonding position P of the aluminum panel 10 to be welded. )

이러한 압입단계에 이어, 상기 회전핀(9)의 회전 및 접촉 가압작동으로 상기 알루미늄 패널(10)에는 회전핀(9)의 마찰열에 의하여 용접부(13)를 형성하며, 연화 및 교반에 의한 접합이 이루어지게 된다.Following the press-in step, the welding part 13 is formed on the aluminum panel 10 by the frictional heat of the rotary pin 9 by the rotation and contact pressurization of the rotary pin 9, and joining by softening and stirring is performed. Will be done.

이 후, 상기 누름용 모터와 교반용 모터는 작동을 정지하고, 상기 회전핀(9)은 로터(7)와 함께 최초 위치로 복원된다. Thereafter, the pressing motor and the stirring motor stop operation, and the rotary pin 9 is restored to the initial position together with the rotor 7.

그러나 상기한 바와 같은 종래의 마찰교반 점용접을 이용한 알루미늄 패널의 접합기술은 상기 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 용접부(13) 주변으로 열영향부(15)를 형성하며, 상기 회전핀(9)에 의해 접합홈(17)이 발생하여 그대로 남아 있는 등, 외관이 미려하지 못하며, 무엇보다 접합부의 강도가 약해지는 문제점을 내포하고 있다.However, in the conventional art of bonding aluminum panels using friction stir spot welding as described above, the heat affected part 15 is formed around the weld 13 at the joining position P of the aluminum panel 10 to be welded. The external appearance of the joint groove 17 is generated by the rotary pin 9 and remains as it is, and the strength of the joint is weakened.

따라서 본 발명은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명된 것으로써, 본 발명의 목적은 마찰교반에 의한 점용접과 기계적 접합을 동시에 이용하여 알루미늄 소재의 피용접물의 접합부 강도를 높이고, 마찰교반 점용접에 의해 생성되는 접합홈을 기계적 접합을 통하여 보완할 수 있도록 하는 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법을 제공하는 것이다.Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to increase the strength of the joint portion of the welded object of aluminum material by friction welding and mechanical welding at the same time, friction stir spot welding It is to provide a method of joining an aluminum panel that can complement the bonding grooves generated by the mechanical bonding.

이를 실현하기 위하여 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법은 상기 패널 상호간의 접합위치에 대하여 회전핀의 마찰열에 의한 연화 및 교반으로 접합되는 용접부를 형성하되, 상기 패널 상호간의 접합위치에는 상기 회전핀에 의해 관통되는 관통홀을 형성하는 마찰교반 점용접 단계; 상기 마찰교반 점용접 단계에 이어, 상기 관통홀을 통하여 리벳작업을 통하여 리벳이음을 형성하는 리벳이음 단계 로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve this, the method of joining the aluminum panel according to the present invention forms a welded portion that is joined by softening and stirring by frictional heat of the rotating pins with respect to the joining positions of the panels, but the joining positions between the panels are connected to the rotating pins. A friction stir spot welding step of forming a through hole penetrated therethrough; Following the friction stir spot welding step, it is characterized in that the rivet joint step of forming a rivet joint through the riveting operation through the through hole.

상기 마찰교반 점용접 단계는 마찰교반 점용접장치의 교반용 모터의 구동으로 로터가 회전핀과 함께 회전을 개시하는 제1단계; 상기 제1단계에 이어, 누름용 모터가 구동하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 대응하여 상기 회전핀이 회전작동과 동시에 접촉 가압하는 제2단계; 상기 제2단계에 이어, 상기 회전핀의 회전 및 접촉 가압작동으로 상기 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 회전핀의 마찰열에 의하여 용접부를 형성하며, 연화 및 교반에 의한 접합이 이루어지도록 하는 제3단계; 상기 제3단계를 계속 진행하여 상기 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 용접부 내측으로 관통홀을 형성하는 제4단계; 상기 누름용 모터와 교반용 모터의 작동을 정지하고, 상기 회전핀을 로터와 함께 최초 위치로 복원시키는 제5단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The friction stir spot welding step may include a first step in which the rotor starts to rotate together with the rotation pin by driving a stirring motor of the friction stir spot welding device; A second step in which, after the first step, the pressing motor is driven to contact and press the rotary pin simultaneously with the rotation operation in response to the bonding position of the aluminum panel to be welded; A third step of forming a welding part by frictional heat of the rotary pin at the joint position of the aluminum panel by the rotation and contact pressure operation of the rotary pin, and joining by softening and stirring; A fourth step of continuing the third step to form a through hole in the welded portion at a bonding position of the aluminum panel; Stopping the operation of the pressing motor and the stirring motor, characterized in that the fifth step of restoring the rotary pin to the initial position with the rotor.

이하, 상기의 목적을 구체적으로 실현할 수 있는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention that can specifically realize the above object will be described in detail.

도 3과 도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 의한 단계별 접합 상태도 및 단계별 블록도이다. 3 and 4 is a step-by-step joining state diagram and step-by-step block diagram by the aluminum panel bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

단, 본 발명의 방법의 설명에 있어, 종래 기술의 구성요소와 동일한 구성요소에 대해서는 동일한 도면부호를 적용하여 설명한다.In the description of the method of the present invention, however, the same components as those in the prior art will be described with the same reference numerals.

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법은, 도 3과 도 4에서 도시한 바와 같이, 먼저, 5단계로 이루어지는 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)에 이어, 리벳이음 단계(S6)를 진행하게 된다. In the method of joining an aluminum panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, first, a friction stir spot welding step (S) consisting of five steps is performed, and then a rivet joint step (S6) is performed. Done.

즉, 상기 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)는 상기 알루미늄 패널(10) 상호간의 접합위치(P)에 대하여 회전핀(9)의 마찰열에 의한 연화 및 교반으로 접합되는 용접부(13)를 형성하되, 상기 알루미늄 패널(10) 상호간의 접합위치(P)에는 상기 회전핀(9)에 의해 관통되는 관통홀(19)을 형성하는 것이 주요하다.That is, the friction stir spot welding step (S) forms a weld 13 joined by softening and stirring by the frictional heat of the rotary pin 9 with respect to the bonding position (P) between the aluminum panel 10, It is important to form a through hole 19 penetrated by the rotating pin 9 at the bonding position P between the aluminum panels 10.

그리고 상기 리벳이음 단계(S6)에서는 상기 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)에서 형성된 상기 관통홀(19)을 통하여 리벳작업을 통하여 리벳이음부(21)를 형성하게 된다. In the rivet joint step S6, the rivet joint 21 is formed through a riveting operation through the through hole 19 formed in the friction stir spot welding step S.

여기서, 상기 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)를 보다 구체적으로 살펴보면 먼저, 마찰교반 점용접장치의 교반용 모터(미도시)의 구동으로 로터(7)가 회전핀(9)과 함께 회전을 개시하게 된다.(S1)Here, the friction stir spot welding step S will be described in more detail. First, the rotor 7 is started to rotate together with the rotary pin 9 by driving of a stirring motor (not shown) of the friction stir spot welding apparatus. (S1)

상기 단계(S1)에 이어서 누름용 모터(미도시)가 구동하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 대응하여 상기 회전핀(9)이 회전작동과 함께 접촉 가압 작동을 이루게 된다.(S2)Following the step S1, the pressing motor (not shown) is driven to correspond to the bonding position P of the aluminum panel 10 to be welded so that the rotary pin 9 is in contact with the rotating operation to perform the contact press operation. (S2)

상기 단계(S2)에 이어, 상기 회전핀(9)의 회전 및 접촉 가압작동으로 상기 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 회전핀(9)의 마찰열에 의하여 용접부(13)를 형성하며, 이어서 그 부분에 연화 및 교반에 의한 접합이 이루어지게 된다.(S3)Following the step (S2), the welding portion 13 by the frictional heat of the rotary pin 9 at the bonding position (P) of the aluminum panel 10 to be welded by the rotation and contact pressure operation of the rotary pin (9). Forming, and then joining by softening and stirring to the portion. (S3)

상기 단계(S3)를 계속 진행하여 상기 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 용접부(13) 내측으로 관통홀(19)을 형성한다.(S4) The step S3 is continued to form the through hole 19 in the welded portion 13 at the bonding position P of the aluminum panel 10. (S4)

그 다음에는 상기 누름용 모터(미도시)와 교반용 모터(미도시)의 작동을 정 지하고, 상기 회전핀(9)을 로터(7)와 함께 최초 위치로 복원시키게 된다.(S5)Next, the operation of the pressing motor (not shown) and the stirring motor (not shown) are stopped, and the rotating pin 9 is restored to the initial position together with the rotor 7 (S5).

이와 같은, 5단계의 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)를 이룬 후에는, 상기한 바와 같이, 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10)의 접합위치(P)에 용접부(13) 내측으로 형성되는 관통홀(19)을 통하여 리벳을 끼운 후, 압착하여 두 패널에 대하여 리벳이음부(21)를 형성하는 상기 리벳이음 단계(S6)를 진행하게 된다.After the friction stir spot welding step (S) of five steps as described above, as described above, the through-hole formed in the welding portion 13 in the bonding position (P) of the aluminum panel 10 to be welded ( After the rivet is inserted through 19, the rivet joint step S6 of pressing the rivet joints 21 to the two panels is performed.

따라서, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 마찰교반 점용접 단계(S)와 리벳이음 단계(S6)로 이루어지는 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 의하면, 마찰교반에 의한 점용접과 기계적 접합을 동시에 이용하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널(10) 소재의 접합부 강도를 높이고, 마찰교반 점용접에 의해 생성되는 접합홈을 애초에 관통하여 관통홀(19)로 형성한 후, 이에 대하여 기계적 접합인 리벳이음을 실시함으로써 외관이 미려하고 무엇보다 접합부의 강도를 더욱 높여주게 된다. Therefore, according to the joining method of the aluminum panel consisting of the friction stir spot welding step (S) and the rivet joint step (S6) according to an embodiment of the present invention, by using the spot welding and mechanical bonding by friction stir at the same time Increase the strength of the joint part of the aluminum panel 10, and form the through-holes 19 through the joint grooves created by the friction stir spot welding in the first place. Above all, the strength of the joint is further increased.

또한, 알루미늄 합금패널(10)의 접합방법으로 스폿용접 대비 용접가스의 발생이 없고, 용접에 필요한 전기의 사용이 절감되며, 상기 강도 개선을 이루기 위한 리벳작업용 구멍작업을 별도의 공정을 통하여 행할 필요가 없게 된다.In addition, the welding method of the aluminum alloy panel 10, there is no generation of welding gas compared to the spot welding, the use of electricity required for welding is reduced, and the hole work for riveting to achieve the above-mentioned strength improvement need to be carried out through a separate process. There will be no.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 의하면, 마찰교반에 의한 점용접과 리벳이음을 이용한 기계적 접합을 동시에 이용하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널 소재의 접합부 강도를 향상시키는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the joining method of the aluminum panel according to the present invention, there is an effect of improving the strength of the joint portion of the aluminum panel material to be welded by simultaneously using a spot welding by friction stir and mechanical bonding using rivet joints.

그리고 마찰교반 점용접에 의해 생성되는 접합홈 대신 관통홀을 형성하고, 이 관통홀을 통하여 리벳작업을 행함으로써 접합부 외관을 미려하게 개선하며, 종 래 스폿용접과 비교하여 용접가스의 발생이 없고, 용접에 필요한 전기의 사용이 절감되며, 용접 후 형성되는 관통홀을 이용하여 리벳이음 작업을 간단하게 수행할 수 있는 효과도 있다.In addition, through holes are formed instead of the joint grooves generated by the friction stir spot welding, and the riveting operation is performed through the through holes, the appearance of the joints is beautifully improved, and there is no generation of welding gas as compared with conventional spot welding. The use of electricity required for welding is reduced, and there is an effect that the riveting operation can be easily performed by using the through hole formed after welding.

Claims (3)

삭제delete 삭제delete 알루미늄 또는 알루미늄 합금을 소재로 한 패널 상호간을 서로 접합하는 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법에 있어서,In a method of joining an aluminum panel, in which panels of aluminum or aluminum alloy are bonded to each other, 마찰교반 점용접장치의 교반용 모터의 구동으로 로터가 회전핀과 함께 회전을 개시하는 제1단계; A first step in which the rotor starts to rotate together with the rotation pin by driving the stirring motor of the friction stir spot welding device; 상기 제1단계에 이어, 누름용 모터가 구동하여 피용접물인 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 대응하여 상기 회전핀이 회전작동과 동시에 접촉 가압하는 제2단계;A second step in which, after the first step, the pressing motor is driven to contact and press the rotary pin simultaneously with the rotation operation in response to the bonding position of the aluminum panel to be welded; 상기 제2단계에 이어, 상기 회전핀의 회전 및 접촉 가압작동으로 상기 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 회전핀의 마찰열에 의하여 용접부를 형성하며, 연화 및 교반에 의한 접합이 이루어지도록 하는 제3단계;A third step of forming a welding part by frictional heat of the rotary pin at the joint position of the aluminum panel by the rotation and contact pressure operation of the rotary pin, and joining by softening and stirring; 상기 제3단계를 계속 진행하여 상기 알루미늄 패널의 접합위치에 용접부 내측으로 관통홀을 형성하는 제4단계;A fourth step of continuing the third step to form a through hole in the welded portion at a bonding position of the aluminum panel; 상기 누름용 모터와 교반용 모터의 작동을 정지하고, 상기 회전핀을 로터와 함께 최초 위치로 복원시키는 제5단계; 및 A fifth step of stopping the operation of the pressing motor and the stirring motor and restoring the rotary pin to the initial position together with the rotor; And 상기 제5단계에 이어, 상기 관통홀을 통하여 리벳작업을 통하여 알루미늄 패 널의 접합위치에 리벳이음을 형성하는 제6단계;A sixth step of forming a rivet joint at a joining position of the aluminum panel through a riveting operation through the through hole; 로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 알루미늄 패널의 접합방법.Joining method of the aluminum panel, characterized in that consisting of.
KR20060038751A 2006-04-28 2006-04-28 A joining method for a aluminum panel KR100765843B1 (en)

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