JP4180616B2 - Deburring equipment for metal parts - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deburring apparatus metals components, in particular, to a deburring device for a metallic component including a chemical polishing process.

  Conventionally, chemical polishing has been performed to perform surface treatment of metal parts. In this method, a metal part is immersed in a chemical solution, and the metal on the surface is dissolved to make it smooth and glossy. In addition, when a metal part is machined, such as cutting, cutting, or drilling, the so-called “burrs” formed on the corners and edges of the workpiece are removed by chemical polishing. It has also been tried.

  Chemical polishing has the following advantages. For example, parts such as barrel polishing, in which abrasive particles are put in a barrel together with the parts, and barrel blasting to rotate and vibrate the barrel, and shot blasting in which slurry containing abrasive powder is sprayed toward the parts are polished. There is no fear of deformation, and there is no risk of contamination due to abrasive particles entering the details of the parts. Moreover, there is no fear that the parts are damaged or secondary burrs are generated unlike barrel polishing, shot blasting, mechanical polishing using a brush or a file. Furthermore, there is no fear that the running cost is increased due to the consumption of electric energy as in the case of electrolytic polishing in which a metal part is immersed in the electrolyte solution and energized to dissolve the metal surface.

  On the other hand, the chemical polishing has a problem that not only the part to be removed but also the entire part is polished, and the dimensional accuracy is difficult to be constant. In particular, when removing the burrs, if the entire burrs are dissolved, the entire part is considerably dissolved, so the problem concerning the dimensional accuracy is greater. On the other hand, a chemical polishing jig that preferentially dissolves burrs has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In this method, parts to be polished are stacked and supported by a rod-shaped jig on which a spiral step is formed, and the jig is rotated in a chemical polishing liquid. As a result, the burrs are actively exposed to the chemical polishing liquid, and the other parts are prevented from contacting with the chemical polishing liquid by other laminated parts, and the burrs can be efficiently chemically polished. .

JP2002-161380

  However, the above-mentioned chemical polishing jig is very effective when the part to be polished has a shape that can be laminated, such as a flat plate-like part, but a part that is difficult to laminate. It was difficult to apply. For this reason, there has been a demand for a deburring process with improved dimensional accuracy even for parts that are difficult to stack.

  Further, in the conventional chemical polishing, when the burrs are to be removed, it is necessary to increase the concentration of the chemical solution in order to enhance the dissolving action of the metal by the chemical solution. Therefore, in addition to the problem that the labor and cost required for the disposal of the high concentration chemical solution are great, the problem that the environment for handling the high concentration chemical solution is not good for workers and surrounding facilities / equipment was there. For this reason, the high concentration of the chemical solution has been an obstacle to continuously processing a large amount of metal parts and incorporating a chemical polishing process into the metal parts production line.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, include chemical polishing process, and, by improving the dimensional accuracy, irrespective of the shape of the component, the metal component capable of efficiently removing burrs portion Bas The first problem is to provide a reclaiming device. Moreover, the provision of chemical polishing solution of low concentration of efficiently metal parts deburring device capable of removing burrs parts throughout, it is an second object. Furthermore, a third object is to provide a deburring device for metal parts capable of continuously processing a large amount of metal parts.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the deburring device for metal parts according to the present invention includes a “first treatment tank for performing a degreasing process, a second treatment tank for performing a water washing process, and a chemical for storing a chemical polishing solution for dissolving metal. Five treatment tanks arranged at predetermined intervals in the order of the third treatment tank constituting the polishing tank, the fourth treatment tank for performing the rust prevention process, and the fifth treatment tank for performing the drying process, and twice the predetermined interval Are provided at an interval of, a support tool for supporting a metal part and immersing it in the chemical polishing liquid, a rotating device for rotating the support tool, and toward the metal part immersed in the chemical polishing liquid, An ejection device for ejecting the same chemical polishing liquid as the chemical polishing liquid, an elevating device for simultaneously raising and lowering the three support tools, and a moving device for horizontally moving the three support tools simultaneously above the processing tank, respectively The metal provided on the support A holding and opening device capable of holding and releasing a product, a holder provided in the second processing tank and the fourth processing tank and holding the metal part opened by the holding and releasing device, the rotating device, The lifting / lowering device, the moving device, and the grasping / releasing device are controlled, and the metal component is conveyed by the support, and the metal component is immersed in the chemical polishing liquid in the chemical polishing tank. And a conveyance rotation control means for rotating the support tool ”. The deburring method for metal parts in the deburring apparatus for metal parts according to the present invention is as follows: “A metal part is immersed in a chemical polishing liquid that dissolves metal, and the same chemical polishing liquid as the chemical polishing liquid is ejected from a nozzle. And a deburring step of generating microbubbles and applying the microbubbles to the surface of the metal part immersed in the chemical polishing liquid ”.

  The “chemical polishing liquid” is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid having an action of dissolving the metal according to the material of the “metal part” to be processed. As will be described later, the concentration can be lower than in the case of conventional chemical polishing.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the chemical polishing liquid is ejected from the nozzle, whereby the pressure is reduced in the liquid flowing at high speed, the liquid is vaporized, and the bubbles are fine bubbles having a diameter of 10 to several tens of μm. Micro bubbles are generated. Since the microbubbles become high temperature and high pressure in a very short time when they collapse, the impact force at the time of collapse can act on the burrs on the metal surface by applying the microbubbles to the metal surface. As a result, the action of microbubbles is added to the action of dissolving the metal surface by the chemical polishing liquid, and the burr can be efficiently removed by the synergistic effect.

  Furthermore, by using the action of microbubbles in combination, it is possible to reduce the concentration of the chemical polishing liquid or shorten the polishing time with the chemical polishing liquid as compared with the case of removing burrs only by chemical polishing. . Thereby, a burr | flash can be removed in the state which does not advance melt | dissolution of parts other than a burr | flash, and a dimensional accuracy can be improved.

In addition, since the chemical polishing liquid is sprayed from the nozzle onto the metal part immersed in the chemical polishing liquid, the present invention can be used regardless of the shape of the metal part and without requiring a special jig. Ming can be applied. In addition, since the same chemical polishing liquid as the chemical polishing liquid is ejected from the nozzle, microbubbles can be generated without affecting the composition and concentration of the chemical polishing liquid.

  Furthermore, since the chemical polishing liquid can be reduced in concentration, the working environment is improved and the processing for discarding the chemical polishing liquid is facilitated, and the labor and cost for that purpose can be reduced.

The deburring method for metal parts in the deburring apparatus for metal parts according to the present invention is as follows: "Degreasing step, rinsing step following the degreasing step, and subsequent to the rinsing step, without performing the pickling step. step, subsequent to the deburring process, antirust process to be performed without a pickling step, and five steps subsequent drying step rustproof process "is intended.

  In normal chemical polishing, a pickling process as a pretreatment is provided before the chemical polishing process. This process is also referred to as a pickling process, and its main purpose is to remove rust, oxides and scales on the metal surface and to make the surface active against chemical polishing liquid. On the other hand, the present invention, by adding the action of the impact force of microbubble collapse to the dissolution action of the metal by the chemical polishing liquid, it is possible to deburr while performing rust removal and scale removal, Such a pickling step can be omitted.

  Moreover, in normal chemical polishing, the pickling process as post-processing is provided after the chemical polishing process. The main purpose of this step is to remove the thin oxide film formed on the metal surface when the metal eluted in the liquid in the chemical polishing step is oxidized. In contrast, in the present invention, since microbubbles are jetted toward the metal part in the deburring process, the diffusion of the material on the metal surface is promoted to prevent the formation of the oxide film, or the generated oxide film is removed. It becomes easy. This makes it possible to omit the post-treatment pickling step.

  In addition, in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the concentration of the chemical polishing liquid and perform deburring by using the action of microbubbles together, so that the chemical polishing liquid is conventionally prevented from being brought into the next process. Therefore, it is possible to omit the water washing step after the chemical polishing step.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, in the conventional chemical polishing, it is not necessary to use a large amount of acid that has been used in the pickling process, and it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of waste liquid treatment and to reduce the burden on the environment. be able to. Then, by omitting the pickling step and the accompanying water washing step, the number of steps is greatly reduced compared to the conventional chemical polishing step, and therefore the deburring process can be performed in a short time. In addition, processing can be performed in a smaller space.

  The “support” can be configured to support metal parts by, for example, adsorption, clamping, mounting, suspension, screwing, and the like. Further, the “rotating device” can be constituted by a motor and means for transmitting the rotation of the motor to a support. Here, as a configuration for transmitting the rotation of the motor to the support, for example, a belt and a pulley or a chain and a sprocket that interlocks the rotation axis of the support with the movement of the rotation shaft of the motor, a rotation shaft of the motor and the support Examples include an axis that directly connects the rotating shaft.

  The “spouting device” can be configured to pressurize and spray the chemical polishing liquid. For example, the nozzle, the flow path connecting the nozzle and the tank for storing the chemical polishing liquid, and the chemical polishing up to the nozzle via the flow path. It can be constituted by a pump that feeds the liquid under pressure. Moreover, it is good also as what has a pressure control valve which adjusts the pressure of the liquid introduce | transduced into a nozzle. Furthermore, the chemical polishing liquid introduced into the nozzle may be supplied from a chemical polishing tank in which metal parts are immersed, or may be supplied from another chemical polishing liquid having the same composition. However, if the chemical polishing tank is supplied and circulated, the chemical polishing liquid can be used effectively, which is preferable. Moreover, the structure by which a chemical polishing liquid is pressurized by the setting of the diameter of a nozzle and the diameter of a flow path can also be included as a structure of an ejection apparatus.

Therefore, according to the present invention, by which is capable jetting constituting the chemical polishing liquid toward the immersed metal part in a chemical polishing bath, the metal parts deburring method of the metal components can be applied burrs It becomes a take-off device.

  In addition, since the metal component supported by the support is configured to rotate in the chemical polishing liquid, the exchange of the chemical polishing liquid on the metal surface is promoted, and the metal dissolution reaction by the chemical polishing liquid is promoted. be able to. Further, by rotating the metal part, the microbubbles ejected from the nozzle can be applied to the surface of the metal part without deviation.

  The “elevating device” and the “moving device” are not particularly limited as long as the support can be moved linearly. For example, an air cylinder and a piston rod, a cam mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, an electromagnetic solenoid, etc. A configuration using can be illustrated. In addition, in order to move up and down and move a plurality of support tools “simultaneously”, even if the plurality of support tools are driven by a single lifting device or moving device, they are provided separately for each support tool. The structure which synchronizes the raising / lowering apparatus and moving apparatus which were made may be sufficient.

  "Gripping and releasing device" is an air chuck that grips and releases an object by deaeration and supply of air, an electromagnetic chuck that switches between gripping and opening by energization and de-energization, two fingers and three operated by hydraulic pressure and a motor An example is a finger hand tool. In addition, the “holding tool” can have, for example, a configuration having a hole or a frame that can hold a metal part inserted therein, or a trapezoidal configuration that can hold and hold the metal part.

  The “predetermined interval” where the processing tanks are arranged refers to a distance between adjacent processing tanks at a position where the metal parts are processed in the processing tank, that is, a position where the metal parts are rotated and a position where the metal parts are held. It does not require that each processing tank is formed to have the same width along the conveying direction of the metal parts.

  The “conveyance rotation control means” can be configured to include a storage device, a program stored in the storage device, and a microprocessor that performs processing according to the program.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the above-described deburring method for metal parts, which is composed of five steps in the order of a degreasing step, a water washing step, a deburring step, a rust prevention step, and a drying step, is automated and continuously performed. This is a deburring device for metal parts suitable for carrying out.

  According to the present invention, the plurality of support tools can be moved up and down and horizontally moved at the same time, and the plurality of metal parts can be transported simultaneously by setting the intervals between the processing tanks and the support tools corresponding to each other. A series of treatments can be performed by subjecting different treatments to parallel movement between treatment vessels. And the interval of the support tool is set to twice the interval of the processing tank, and every other processing tank is provided with a holding part, and the support tool is configured to be able to grip and release metal parts. The support tool can be moved while the held metal part is released and held by the holding tool, and the metal part is used for processing in the processing tank. In particular, in the present invention, for the five treatment tanks, three supports are provided, and the holders are provided in the second and fourth treatment tanks, so that the processing in the treatment tanks is not interrupted. In addition to being able to be performed continuously, it is possible to perform processing with the same processing conditions and the same processing time for a plurality of metal parts to be processed.

  And by controlling the above processing flow by computer, the deburring that combines the action of microbubbles with the action of dissolving by chemical polishing liquid is automated in a series of processes that perform different processes in multiple processing tanks. Can be done. Thereby, compared with the case where the conventional apparatus which performs batch processing is used, the burden of a labor force can be reduced very efficiently and a metal part can be deburred.

  In addition, the chemical polishing tank is configured to perform chemical polishing in combination with microbubbles, so that the chemical polishing solution can be reduced in concentration, and even if a large amount of metal parts are continuously processed, the effect on the work environment There can be very little. Thereby, it becomes a deburring apparatus for metal parts that can be incorporated into a production line for metal parts.

As described above, as an effect of the present invention includes a chemical polishing process, and, by improving the dimensional accuracy, irrespective of the shape of the component, the metal component capable of efficiently removing burrs portion Bali A take-off device can be provided. Further, the chemical polishing solution be low in concentration, it is possible to provide a deburring device for a metallic component capable of efficiently removing burrs portion. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a deburring device for metal parts that can continuously process a large amount of metal parts.

Hereinafter, a deburring apparatus 1 for metal parts (hereinafter simply referred to as “deburring apparatus 1”) and a deburring method for metal parts using the apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as “deburring apparatus 1”), which is the best embodiment of the present invention. The deburring method ”will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1A is a front view of the deburring device 1, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2 is a control in the deburring device of FIG. FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing the flow of processing in the deburring apparatus of this embodiment in comparison with the flow of processing of conventional chemical polishing.

  First, the structure of the deburring apparatus 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, the deburring device 1 includes a first treatment tank 11 that stores a degreasing liquid and performs a degreasing process, a second treatment tank 12 that stores water and performs a water washing process, and uses chemical bubbles in combination with microbubbles. Chemical polishing tank 13 as a third treatment tank for performing a deburring process, a fourth treatment tank 14 for storing a rust preventive and performing a rust prevention process, and a fifth treatment tank 15 for providing a blower fan to perform a drying process. The same as the chemical polishing liquid toward the five processing tanks, the support 30 for supporting the metal part W, the rotating device 40 for rotating the support 30, and the metal part W immersed in the chemical polishing liquid An ejection device 20 that ejects the chemical polishing liquid is mainly provided and configured.

  In addition, the deburring device 1 is provided in the lifting device 50 that lifts and lowers the support tool 30, the moving device 60 that horizontally moves the support tool 30 above the processing tank, and the support tool 30. A gripping / releasing device that can be opened, a holder 70 that holds the metal part W opened by the gripping / releasing device, a rotating device 40, a lifting / lowering device 50, a moving device 60, and a conveyance rotation control means for controlling the gripping / releasing device. It has.

  More specifically, all of the five processing tanks are formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped opening upward, and the first processing tank 11, the second processing tank 12, the third processing tank (chemical polishing tank 13), and the fourth. The processing tank 14 and the fifth processing tank 15 are arranged in this order, and are installed on the gantry 80. Here, the distances between the two adjacent lines of the vertical center lines of the five treatment tanks are all set to the same distance L.

  In addition, on the outside of the five processing tanks arranged in a row, a pre-treatment mounting table 81 on which the pre-processing metal part W is placed on the first processing tank 11 side is provided on the fifth processing tank 15 side. A post-treatment mounting table 82 on which the metal parts W that have undergone a series of processing in the processing tank are carried out and placed is provided, and the vertical center of the pre-processing mounting table 81 and the first processing tank 11 is provided. The distance between the lines and the distance between the center line in the vertical direction of the post-treatment mounting table 82 and the fifth treatment tank 15 are also set to L.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b), a nozzle 21 is provided on the front surface of the chemical polishing tank 13 such that the jet port 21 a opens inward of the chemical polishing tank 13. Further, a discharge port 28 through which the chemical polishing liquid can be discharged is provided on the bottom surface of the chemical polishing tank 13, the discharge port 28 and the nozzle 21 are connected by an introduction flow path 25, and an intermediate pressure pump 23 is provided in the middle thereof. ing. Further, between the intermediate pressure pump 23 and the nozzle 21, there is provided a pressure adjusting valve 26 that adjusts the pressure of the chemical polishing liquid sent by the intermediate pressure pump 23 and supplies it to the nozzle 21. Here, the nozzle 21, the introduction flow path 25, the intermediate pressure pump 23, and the pressure regulating valve 26 correspond to the ejection device 20 of the present invention. A pressure gauge 27 for measuring the pressure of the chemical polishing liquid is provided between the pressure adjustment valve 26 and the nozzle 21, and precipitates and foreign matters are removed between the discharge port 28 and the intermediate pressure pump 23. A filter 29 is attached.

  The support tool 30 includes a rotary shaft portion 35 and an air chuck 31 that can grip and release the metal part W by deaeration and supply of air. Here, the air chuck 31 corresponds to the grip opening device of the present invention. Here, the deburring device 1 of the present embodiment includes three supports 30. These support tools 30 will be referred to as a first support tool 30a, a second support tool 30b, and a third support tool 30c in this order from the first treatment tank 11 side. At this time, the three support tools 30 are attached to an elevator 55 described later such that the distance between two adjacent lines of the center lines of the respective rotation shaft portions 35 is 2L.

  Here, the three support tools 30 can be moved up and down at the same time and horizontally moved at the same time by the following configuration. First, a frame (not shown) is erected from the gantry 80, and a slide body 65 is slidably supported by an upper frame of the frame via a rail provided on the frame. A second piston rod 62 extending in the horizontal direction driven by the second air cylinder 61 is attached to the slide body 65. Thereby, the slide body 65 slides along the upper frame in the horizontal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1) by driving the second air cylinder 61. A first air cylinder 51 is attached downward to the slide body 65, and an elevating body 55 is attached to the lower end of the first piston rod 52 driven by the first air cylinder 51. Thereby, the elevating body 55 moves up and down in the vertical direction by driving the first air cylinder 51.

  And the three support tools 30 are attached to this raising / lowering body 55 in the state hung with the air chuck 31 facing downward. Accordingly, the three support tools 30a, 30b, and 30c are simultaneously lifted and lowered via the lifting body 55 by the driving by the first air cylinder 51. Further, by driving the second air cylinder 61, the three supports 30a, 30b, 30c simultaneously move in the horizontal direction via the slide body 65 and the lifting body 55. The first air cylinder 51 and the first piston rod 52 correspond to the lifting device 50 of the present invention, and the second air cylinder 61 and the second piston rod 62 correspond to the moving device 60 of the present invention.

  In addition, a motor 41 that rotates the support tool 30 is attached to the lifting body 55, and the rotation shaft portions of the three support tools 30a, 30b, and 30c are rotated by a single motor 41 by the belt 42 and the pulley 43. 35 is configured to rotate in conjunction with each other. Here, the motor 41, the belt 42, and the pulley 43 correspond to the rotating device 40 of the present invention. Note that the motor 41 may be individually provided for each support tool 30a and the like, and a configuration such as a belt or a pulley may be omitted.

  Moreover, when the metal part W supported by the support tool 30 is lowered into the tank by the lowering of the support tool 30, the metal part W is inserted into the second process tank 12 and the fourth process tank 14. A holder 70 is provided that can hold the metal part W when it is released from 30.

  The main part of the functional configuration of the deburring device 1 is a conveyance rotation control means for controlling the conveyance and rotation of the metal part W by the support tool 30, and the storage device, a program stored in the storage device, and processing according to the program And is stored in a control device (not shown) installed below the gantry 80. In addition, the control device is provided with an input operation panel for an operator to perform input such as power ON / OFF of the deburring device 1 and setting of processing time.

  Next, the flow of processing by the conveyance rotation control means of the deburring apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the metal part W before processing is set on the mounting table 81 before processing by an operator or a robot hand. On the other hand, the three support tools 30a, 30b, and 30c are located above the pre-treatment mounting table 81, the second treatment tank 12, and the fourth treatment tank 14, respectively. This position is the initial position.

  When the power of the deburring device 1 is turned on and operation starts, the conveyance rotation control unit first controls the electromagnetic valve of the first air cylinder 51 to drive the first piston rod 52 and lower the support tool 30. (Step Q1). Next, the vacuum pump is controlled so as to be evacuated from the air chuck 31, and the metal part W on the pre-treatment mounting table 81 is sucked and gripped by the first support 30a (step Q2).

  Thereafter, the first air cylinder 51 is controlled to raise the support tool 30 (step Q3), and the electromagnetic valve of the second air cylinder 61 is further controlled to drive the second piston rod. Only after the processing is moved to the mounting table 82 side (step Q4). In this state, when the support tool 30 is lowered again (step Q5), the metal part W supported by the first support tool 30a is immersed in the degreasing liquid in the first treatment tank 11. When the motor 41 is controlled and rotated, the rotating shaft 35 rotates in conjunction with the belt 42 and the pulley 43, and the metal part W rotates in the degreasing liquid (step Q6).

  Thereafter, the rotation of the metal part W is continued until a predetermined time T1 that is set in advance (NO in step Q7), and when the elapse of the time T1 is detected (YES in step Q7), the motor 41 is stopped (step S1). Q8), the support tool 30 is raised (step Q9), and the support tool 30 is further moved by the distance L to the post-treatment mounting table 82 side (step Q10). Thereafter, the support tool 30 is lowered again (step Q11), and control is performed so that air is supplied to the air chuck 31 in a state where the metal part W is inserted into the holding tool 70 in the second processing tank 12. The metal part W is released from the first support tool 30a and held by the holding tool 70 (step Q12). Thereafter, the support tool 30 is raised (step Q13), moved by a distance 2L toward the pre-treatment mounting table 81, and the support tool 30 is returned to the initial position (step Q14).

  Until the predetermined time T2 elapses, the support 30 is in a standby state at the initial position, and the metal part W is continuously immersed in the liquid while being held by the holder 70 in the second treatment tank 12. (NO in step Q15). When the elapse of time T2 is detected (YES in step Q15), the presence / absence of a stop command is confirmed. When a stop command is input, the process ends (YES in step Q16), and when there is no stop command (step In Q16, NO), the process returns to Step Q1, the support tool 30 is lowered again, and the above operation is repeated. Note that the times T1 and T2 may be set in advance in the program in consideration of the material of the metal part W to be processed, the size of burrs, and the like, or may be input by an operator during actual processing. . Also, the times T1 and T2 can be set to the same.

  At this time, in the second and subsequent processing, the metal part W is already held in the holder 70 of the second processing tank 12 at the time of returning to Step Q1, and in the third and subsequent processing, Further, the metal part W is also held by the holder 70 of the fourth treatment tank 14. Therefore, in step Q2, the metal part W on the pre-treatment mounting table 81 is gripped by the first support tool 30a, and the metal held by the holding tool 70 in the second processing tank 12 by the second support tool 30b. The metal part W held by the holder 70 in the fourth processing tank 14 by the third support tool 30c is gripped at the same time. In the subsequent processing, the three metal parts W are simultaneously conveyed by the three support tools 30a and the like. In step Q6, one metal part W is immersed in the first support tank 30a by the first support tool 30a. While being rotated and degreased, in the chemical polishing tank 13, another metal part W is immersed and rotated in the chemical polishing liquid by the second support 30 b, and further another metal part W is stored in the fifth processing tank 15. The three metal parts W are simultaneously subjected to different processes, such as being rotated for drying by the third support 30c.

  At this time, chemical polishing liquid is sprayed from the nozzle 21 in the chemical polishing tank 13, and air is blown from the fan in the fifth processing tank 15 to promote drying. In addition, it can also be set as the structure which controls also the operation | movement of the pump which sends a chemical polishing liquid to a nozzle, or the fan for ventilation by a conveyance rotation control means.

  In Step Q12, the metal part W is opened to the holding tool 70 in the second processing tank 12 by the first support tool 30a, and the holding tool 70 in the fourth processing tank 14 is set by the second support tool 30b. The metal component W is opened on the post-treatment mounting table 82 by the third support 30c. And in the 2nd processing tank 12, the water-washing process by immersion and standing in water is performed, and the rust prevention process by immersion and standing in a rust preventive agent is performed in the 4th processing tank 14 simultaneously. And by repeating the above operations, the processing of the five steps in the five processing tanks can be performed continuously without interruption, and the degreasing step, the deburring step, and the drying step are processed. The time T1, the water washing process, and the rust prevention process can be performed under the same processing conditions and the same processing time for T2 and all of the plurality of metal parts to be processed.

  Here, looking at the flow of processing for one metal part W, as shown in FIG. 3A, after being installed on the pre-treatment mounting table 81 and starting the processing, it is transported by the support tool 30, Degreasing step S1 in one treatment tank 11, washing step S2 in the second treatment tank 12, deburring step S3 by chemical polishing liquid and microbubbles in the chemical polishing tank 13, rust prevention process S3 in the fourth treatment tank 14, and fifth After passing through the drying step S4 in the processing tank 15, it is opened on the post-processing mounting table 82, and the processing ends.

  By the way, general chemical polishing is processed in the flow illustrated in FIG. The difference between the processing steps (steps S1 to S5) of this embodiment compared to the conventional steps (steps P1 to P10) is that the pickling step P3 before the chemical polishing step P5 and the subsequent water washing step P4. And no pickling step P7 after the chemical polishing step P5 and no water washing steps P6 and P8 before and after the chemical polishing step P5. Here, the pre-treatment pickling step P3 (pickling step) is mainly intended to remove the rust and scale on the metal surface and make the surface active against the chemical polishing liquid. However, in this embodiment, since rust and scale can be removed together with deburring, the pretreatment pickling step P3 can be omitted, and as a result, the subsequent water washing step P4 is also unnecessary.

  The main purpose of the post-treatment pickling step P7 is to remove a thin oxide film formed on the metal surface by oxidation of the metal eluted in the chemical polishing liquid in the chemical polishing step P5. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the oxide film is difficult to be generated by the microbubbles injected to the metal part W in the deburring step S3, and even if it is generated, it is easily removed. Thereby, the pickling process P7 can be omitted, and the subsequent water washing process P8 is also unnecessary. In addition, the water washing process P6 after the chemical polishing process P5 is performed in order not to bring the chemical polishing liquid into the subsequent processes. In this embodiment, the concentration of the chemical polishing liquid in the deburring process is kept low. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a water washing step.

  As described above, according to the deburring apparatus 1 and the deburring method using the apparatus of the present embodiment, the processing by the five processes performed in the five processing tanks is automated and continuously performed by computer control. Can be processed. Thereby, compared with the case where the conventional apparatus by batch processing is used, deburring of metal parts can be performed very efficiently, and the burden of labor can be reduced.

In particular, in the present embodiment, five processing tanks are provided, and the second processing tank 12 and the fourth processing tank 17 are provided with the holding tool 70, and then the metal parts are transported by the three support tools 30. the degreasing step, washing step, deburring in combination with chemical polishing and microbubbles, rust process, the five steps of the drying process in order to perform in this order, a suitable device. In addition, in this embodiment, since the interval between each of the pre-treatment placement table 81 and the post-treatment placement table 82 and the treatment tank is set to be equal to the treatment tank interval L, the metal parts W are brought into the treatment tank. Until unloading, it can be automated.

  Moreover, the pickling process as the pre-processing and post-processing required in the conventional chemical polishing and the water-washing process before and after that can be omitted, and the number of processes can be reduced. Thereby, deburring of metal parts can be efficiently performed in a short time, the configuration of the apparatus becomes simple, and the apparatus itself can be downsized. In particular, in the present embodiment, parts are transported over five tanks by three support tools 30 that are fewer than the number of tanks, and the rotation of the three support tools 30 is performed by a single motor 41. The lifting and lowering operation is driven by the single first air cylinder 51 and the horizontal movement is driven by the single second air cylinder 61. Therefore, the structure is simpler and the apparatus is more compact.

  Furthermore, since it is not necessary to use an acid solution that has been used in large quantities in the pickling process as a pre-treatment and a post-treatment in the past, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of waste liquid treatment and reduce the burden on the environment. be able to.

Next, the present invention relates to Example 1 which is a specific example of the deburring process using both chemical polishing and microbubbles, and Example 2 which is a specific deburring process to which the deburring apparatus 1 of the above embodiment is applied. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9 while contrasting with a control example lacking the above requirement. Here, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the nozzle 21 ′ used in Example 1 and Example 2, FIG. 5 is an optical micrograph comparing Example 1 with a control example, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a graph in which the mass reduction due to the deburring process is compared with the control example in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is an example of an optical micrograph of Example 2, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an example of a graph showing the surface roughness of Example 2.

  Below, the case where a brand name Carbochem (Polyglato company make, Germany) is used as a chemical polishing liquid is illustrated. This carbochem is a solution obtained by diluting hydrogen peroxide water (hydrogen peroxide 35 parts by weight), Salt Red C600, and Carbo Plus Active with water. Here, Salt Red C600 has an effect on the dissolution rate of the metal, and Carbo Plus Active is a component that affects the glossiness of the treated surface and the stability of the bath. In the following, the carbochem solution blended in the composition shown in Table 1 is referred to as a “100% solution”, and a solution obtained by diluting this 10-fold with water and a solution diluted 20-fold with water are “10”. % Solution ”and“ 5% solution ”. Carbochem is suitable for the treatment of ferrous metals, and particularly suitable for the treatment of steel with a carbon content of 1.3% or less. The iron-based metal refers to iron or an iron alloy.

  Further, in Example 1 and Example 2 below, the nozzle 21 ′ used for generating the microbubbles is a horn type nozzle as shown in the schematic configuration in FIG. 4, and the nozzle diameter (d) is 1 mm, horn length (H) is 12 mm, and nozzle length (h) is 16 mm. Although the horn angle (θ) is 50 ° to 60 °, the results in the case of 60 ° are illustrated below.

A disk-shaped test piece having a hole penetrating in the center was used as described below. In this test piece, burrs are generated along the periphery of the hole during the drilling process.
Outer diameter (diameter): 45mm
Inner diameter (diameter): 8mm
Thickness: 10mm
Material: General structural rolled steel SS400

While the above test piece was immersed in a 10% solution, the 10% solution was sprayed from the nozzle 21 'under the following conditions to cause microbubbles to act. This test piece is designated as test piece S-0.
Injection pressure from the nozzle: 3 MPa
Injection direction from the nozzle: injection toward the center of the hole perpendicular to the disk surface Nozzle-test piece distance: 30 mm
Spraying and immersion time: 5 minutes Chemical polishing liquid temperature: 25 ° C

  As a control example, a test specimen immersed in a 100% solution (chemical polishing liquid temperature 25 ° C.) for 5 minutes without spraying the chemical polishing liquid from the nozzle is defined as a control test specimen R-0.

  The test piece S-0 and the control test piece R-0 were subjected to optical microscope observation and mass measurement before and after the treatment. According to the optical microscope observation, the degree of burr before the treatment was the same in the test piece S-0 and the control test piece R-0, but after the treatment, as shown in FIG. In S-0, it was observed that burrs were removed over the entire periphery of the edge of the hole. In contrast, in the control specimen R-0, as shown in FIG. 5B, burrs remained on the edge of the hole. Further, when the finger was traced along the edge of the hole, the test piece S-0 had a smooth feel, whereas the control test piece R-0 felt rough and caught. On the other hand, the ratio of the mass reduction to the mass of the test piece before the treatment is 0.058% in the test piece S-0 and 0.089% in the control test piece R-0, and the control test piece R-0 is more The amount of metal dissolved by the treatment was large.

  From the above, it has been found that even if the chemical polishing liquid concentration is lowered to 1/10, burrs can be effectively removed by spraying the chemical polishing liquid from the nozzle 21 ′ and causing microbubbles to act. . In addition, the amount of metal dissolved in the test piece as a whole was smaller in the test piece S-0 from which burrs were removed than in the control test piece R-0 in which burrs were not sufficiently removed. From this, it was considered that burrs can be removed by improving the dimensional accuracy by combining the action of microbubbles as compared with the case of performing only chemical polishing.

  In addition, said result showed the case where it compared in the same processing time, and when a micro bubble is made to act, it does not mean that 5 minutes are required until a burr | flash is removed. Referring to Example 2 to be described later, when microbubbles are applied, it is expected that burrs are removed at an earlier stage than 5 minutes.

Next, a test was performed using a sample having a shape different from that of the above test piece. The sample has a shape in which a quadrangular prism portion is connected to a substantially round rod-shaped portion having a diameter of 17 mm. The substantially round bar-shaped portion is supported by the support tool 30 of the deburring device 1 of this embodiment, and the quadrangular column portion is suspended. Then, it was immersed in a chemical polishing solution and processed. The shape and material of this square column part are shown below.
Section: Square with a side of 10 mm Length: 58 mm
Material: General structural rolled steel SS400

  In such a sample, when the four side surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the quadrangular column portion were cut with a front milling cutter using a milling machine, thick burrs were generated along the corner portions in the longitudinal direction. The opposing two side surfaces were each subjected to 0.1 mm surface grinding with a grindstone in the lateral direction, thereby reducing the thickness of the root of the burrs to an appropriate thickness (about 100 μm or less) to be a burr to be removed.

With respect to this sample, as shown in FIG. 4, with the sample W supported by the support 30 and suspended, the nozzle 21 ′ is arranged in a direction in which the rotation axis R of the sample and the central axis N of the nozzle 21 ′ are perpendicular to each other. Then, a chemical polishing liquid was sprayed. Further, the chemical polishing liquid was sprayed so that the central axis N of the nozzle 21 ′ was located 20 mm from the sample tip, and the nozzle-sample distance D (distance from the nozzle horn tip to the sample rotation axis) was 30 mm. . Further, the sample was rotated around the rotation axis R at a speed of 30 rpm while being immersed in the liquid. Table 2 shows the processing conditions for samples S-1 and S-2 of this example. The table also shows the processing conditions for the control samples R-1, R-2, and R-3.

About each sample, the optical microscope observation of the corner | angular part of a square pillar part was performed before the process and when the processing time passed for 1 minute, 2 minutes, and 3 minutes. Based on the photographed optical micrograph, the degree of burr removal was judged according to the following criteria. The results are summarized in Table 3.
N: Burr removal is not visually recognized A: Burr removal is slightly visible B: State between A and C C: Burr is almost removed Also, an example of an optical micrograph is shown in FIGS. It is shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 7 shows sample S-2, where (a) is before treatment, (b) is after 2 minutes, and (c) is after 3 minutes. FIG. 8 shows the control sample R-2, where (a) is before treatment and (b) is after 3 minutes. Note that, in the photograph before the start of processing, the burr portion is taken in a layer of darker color than the others near the surface of the metal.

  In addition, the mass of each sample was measured before the treatment and at a time of 3 minutes, and the ratio of the decrease in the mass to the sample mass before the treatment (the amount of metal dissolved by the treatment) was determined. The results are graphed in FIG.

  As a result of optical microscope observation, in samples S-1 and S-2, which are examples of this embodiment, burrs begin to be removed from an early stage of a processing time of 1 minute despite the low chemical polishing solution concentration. After 3 minutes, it was confirmed that almost all burrs were removed in the vicinity of the position where the microbubbles were ejected. In particular, sample S-2 had a chemical polishing solution concentration of half that of sample S-1 and a mass reduction of about half that of sample S-1, whereas according to the microscopic observation shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the burr was removed fairly well, although it was slightly insufficient compared to sample S-1. From this, it was considered that even if the chemical polishing liquid concentration is as low as 5%, the burr can be effectively removed while suppressing the entire sample from being polished by the action of microbubbles. .

  On the other hand, in the control sample R-1, which was immersed in water containing no chemical polishing liquid and water was sprayed from the nozzle 21 ', it was visually confirmed by optical microscope observation that burrs were slightly removed after 2 minutes. No difference was observed in the degree of removal of burrs after 3 minutes. Therefore, even when microbubbles are applied, if the chemical polishing liquid is 0% (water), it is difficult to perform effective deburring in a short time. It was considered that burrs can be effectively removed in a short time due to a synergistic effect with the impact force of microbubbles.

  Further, FIG. 6 shows a comparison between the sample S-1 in which the microbubbles are applied but the chemical polishing solution concentration is low and the control sample R-2 in which the chemical polishing solution concentration is 10 times higher but the microbubbles are not applied. Thus, the amount of mass decrease is greater for the control sample R-2 over time. On the other hand, according to the optical microscope observation, as shown in FIG. 8, in the control sample R-2, it is recognized that the burr layer that looks dark is slightly reduced after 3 minutes. Layer remained. From this, the contribution of the burr portion in the metal dissolution amount at the time of 3 minutes of the control sample R-2 is small, under the conventional chemical polishing treatment conditions in which the chemical polishing solution concentration is set high and microbubbles do not act, It was considered that dissolution of the parts other than the burrs would progress until the burrs were completely removed.

  In addition, the control sample R-3, which has a chemical polishing liquid concentration of 10% but does not act on microbubbles like the sample S-1, has little mass loss, and the burr layer is hardly changed even by observation with an optical microscope. The situation was observed. Thus, it was considered that it was difficult to remove burrs when the microbubbles were not applied and the chemical polishing liquid had a low concentration of 10%.

  Moreover, about sample S-1, S-2 and control example R-1 thru | or R-3, the surface roughness was measured along the longitudinal direction in the center of the side surface of the rectangular column part in the longitudinal direction. As a result, in the sample in which the chemical polishing liquid and the microbubbles are used in combination, as shown in FIG. 9, the surface roughness is within the range in which the microbubbles are applied (arrow X in the figure), as exemplified by the filtered waviness curve of the sample S-2. It was confirmed that the smoothness was improved.

  In Example 2 described above, in order to evaluate the deburring effect, intentionally, microbubbles are locally applied to a sample having burrs in the longitudinal direction. When actually deburring a metal part, if the surface to be processed does not fit within the injection range of the microbubbles, the microbubbles are formed throughout the metal part by relatively changing the position of the sample and the nozzle. Can be removed as a whole.

  As described above, according to Example 1 and Example 2 of the present embodiment, by combining the action of microbubbles with chemical polishing, the conventional case of removing burrs only by the dissolving action of the chemical polishing liquid In contrast, even when the concentration of the chemical polishing solution was lowered to 1/10 to 1/20, burrs could be effectively removed. Moreover, compared to the case where burrs are removed only by the dissolving action of the chemical polishing liquid, the burrs can be removed by suppressing the amount of metal dissolved in the entire sample, and the dimensional accuracy is not good. It was thought that it can be improved.

  Further, the chemical polishing liquid carbochem used in this example contains hydrogen peroxide and can remove burrs from the surface of the metal using the strong oxidizing power of hydrogen peroxide. Here, it is said that microbubbles decompose water to generate OH radicals when collapsed, and these OH radicals have extremely strong oxidizing power. Therefore, it is possible to generate OH radicals derived from hydrogen peroxide in addition to OH radicals derived from water by generating microbubbles by jetting a chemical polishing liquid containing hydrogen peroxide water from a nozzle. It is expected that the strong oxidizing power inherent to the chemical polishing liquid can be further enhanced by microbubbles.

  The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as described below. And design changes are possible.

  For example, in the deburring device of the above-described embodiment, the processing tanks are arranged at predetermined intervals by dividing the distance between two adjacent lines of the vertical center lines of the five processing tanks. However, the present invention does not require that the processing tanks be provided with the same width along the conveying direction of the metal parts. That is, if the distance between the position where the metal part is processed in the processing tank, that is, the position where the metal part is rotated and the position where the metal part is held is L, the width of each processing tank is long and the metal is not necessarily in the center of the processing tank. Even if parts are not processed, processing can be performed in the same flow as described above.

  Furthermore, in the deburring apparatus of the present embodiment, the case where only the metal part immersed in the chemical polishing tank is rotated is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when deburring a metal part that is long in the direction of the rotation axis, a low-speed feed mechanism is provided on the support, or the nozzle itself can be moved up and down, so that the position where the microbubbles are ejected is relative to the metal part Thus, it is possible to remove the burrs over the entire part by relatively moving in the longitudinal direction.

  In addition, when the nozzle or the support in the lowered state is configured to be movable or swingable in the horizontal direction, when processing various metal parts with a single deburring device, The apparatus can easily adjust the positional relationship between the sample and the nozzle according to the shape and size of the component.

  In addition, a liquid level sensor and a liquid level meter for detecting the amount of liquid in the tank, or a measuring device for detecting the concentration and pH of the chemical polishing liquid can be provided. Further, it is possible to add a configuration in which a warning is given by a buzzer or a lamp when a value outside a predetermined range is detected and detected.

Fig.1 (a) is a front view of the deburring apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is AA sectional drawing in (a). It is a flowchart which shows the flow of control in the deburring apparatus of FIG. It is process drawing which shows the flow of a process in the deburring apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention in contrast with the flow of the process of the conventional chemical polishing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the nozzle used in Example 1 and Example 2. FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph in which Example 1 is compared with a control example. FIG. 6 is a graph showing a mass reduction due to a deburring process in Example 2 compared with a control example. 2 is an example of an optical micrograph of Example 2. 2 is an example of an optical micrograph of a control example with respect to Example 2. FIG. 3 is an example of a graph showing the surface roughness of Example 2.

Explanation of symbols

1 Deburring device (Deburring device for metal parts)
11 First treatment tank 12 Second treatment tank 13 Chemical polishing tank (third treatment tank)
14 Fourth treatment tank 15 Fifth treatment tank 20 Ejecting device 21, 21 ′ Nozzle (ejecting device)
23 Medium pressure pump (ejection device)
25 Introduction flow path (spouting device)
26 Pressure regulating valve (spouting device)
30 support 31 air chuck (gripping release device)
40 Rotating Device 41 Motor (Rotating Device)
42 Belt (rotating device)
43 Pulley (rotating device)
50 Lifting device 51 First air cylinder (lifting device)
52 First piston rod (lifting device)
60 moving device 61 second air cylinder (moving device)
62 Second piston rod (moving device)
70 Holder

Claims (1)

A first treatment tank that performs a degreasing process, a second treatment tank that performs a water washing process, a third treatment tank that constitutes a chemical polishing tank that stores a chemical polishing solution that dissolves metal, a fourth treatment tank that performs a rust prevention process, and Five treatment tanks arranged at predetermined intervals in the order of the fifth treatment tank for performing the drying process,
Three support tools provided at intervals of twice the predetermined interval, supporting metal parts and dipping in the chemical polishing liquid,
A rotating device for rotating the support ;
An ejection device that ejects the same chemical polishing liquid as the chemical polishing liquid toward the metal part immersed in the chemical polishing liquid;
An elevating device for elevating and lowering the three support members simultaneously;
A moving device for horizontally moving the three support tools simultaneously above the processing tank;
A grip opening device provided on each of the supports and capable of gripping and opening the metal parts;
A holder that is provided in the second treatment tank and the fourth treatment tank and holds the metal part opened by the grip opening device;
The rotating device, the elevating device, the moving device, and the grasping and releasing device are controlled, and the metal component is conveyed by the support, and the metal component is immersed in the chemical polishing liquid in the chemical polishing tank. A conveyance rotation control means for rotating the support tool in a state of being carried out;
To immediately Bei characteristics and to Rukin genus parts deburring device.

Images