JP4152221B2 - Absorption heat source machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser, and the heating means of the regenerator is configured to be heated by the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator, The present invention relates to an absorption heat source apparatus provided with a damper for switching between a heating state supplied to the heating means and a non-heating state.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such absorption heat source equipment is for supplying cold heat to, for example, general air-conditioning equipment and industrial cold-use equipment, and is used by gas turbines and diesel generators in cogeneration systems as exhaust gas generators. Is done.
The cogeneration system supplies electric energy and heat energy. The demand amount of electric energy is relatively stable and hardly fluctuated, whereas the demand amount of heat energy varies greatly depending on the season and time.
Therefore, conventionally, a damper is provided in the exhaust gas path from the exhaust gas generator, and when the absorption heat source unit is not in operation, the damper is switched so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the heating means side of the regenerator. (Although it is actually implemented, there is no patent document that specifically mentions the damper).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technology, the damper is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas and thermally deforms. Therefore, even if the exhaust gas is switched so as not to flow into the heating means side, exhaust gas leakage to the heating means side is completely prevented. It is difficult.
If the exhaust gas leaks to the heating means side, the absorption liquid in the regenerator is heated and boiled as time passes, and the concentration of the absorption liquid increases and the high concentration absorption liquid flows out to the absorber side. Eventually, an absorbent (for example, lithium bromide) may be deposited and clog the piping system to the absorber.
Such troubles can be avoided by making the damper highly accurate, but in order to completely prevent the leakage of exhaust gas, a highly accurate and expensive damper device is required.
[0004]
The present invention pays attention to such a conventional problem, and the purpose thereof is not to require an expensive damper device, and the precipitation of the absorbent from the absorbing liquid when the absorption heat source machine is not operated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption heat source device that can prevent the occurrence of clogging in a piping system and the like.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 1 includes a cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser, and the heating means of the regenerator is heated by the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator. An absorption heat source machine provided with a damper that switches between a heated state and a non-heated state in which the exhaust gas is supplied to the heating means, and includes a circulation pump that circulates the absorbing liquid in the regenerator A non-cooling operation path comprising a liquid circulation path and a steam circulation path for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returning it to the regenerator is provided separately from the cooling operation path, and the absorbing liquid in the regenerator And a switching means for switching between an operation state in which the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the cooling operation path and a non-operation state in which the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the non-cooling operation path.
[0006]
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of the first aspect, the liquid circulation path including the circulation pump for circulating the absorption liquid in the regenerator, and the steam circulation path for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returning it to the regenerator The non-cooling operation path is provided separately from the cooling operation path having the absorber, the evaporator, the regenerator, and the condenser, and the operation state for supplying the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator to the cooling operation path; Since switching means for switching to the non-operating state to be supplied to the non-cooling operation path is provided, during operation of the absorption heat source machine, the absorption liquid and refrigerant vapor in the regenerator are supplied to the cooling operation path to perform as desired. The cooling operation can be executed, and the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator can be supplied to the non-cooling operation path when the absorption heat source device is not operating.
[0007]
That is, even when the absorption heat source machine is not in operation, even if the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator leaks to the heating device side of the regenerator and the absorbing liquid is heated, the absorbing liquid is between the liquid circulation path and the regenerator. Since the refrigerant vapor circulated and generated by heating is cooled by the vapor circulation path and returned to the regenerator, the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the regenerator is maintained within a substantially constant range, and at least becomes a high concentration. The absorbent does not precipitate.
Therefore, there is no need for a highly accurate and expensive damper device, and when the absorption heat source machine is not in operation, it prevents the absorbent from precipitating from the absorbent and prevents clogging in the piping system. It can be avoided reliably.
[0008]
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 2 is that the switching means comprises a plurality of valves provided in the cooling operation path and the non-cooling operation path, and controls the opening and closing of the valves and the switching operation of the damper. Is in place.
[0009]
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 2, since the switching means is composed of a plurality of valves provided in the cooling operation path and the non-cooling operation path, the valve can be easily obtained with a relatively simple structure. The switching means can be manufactured inexpensively, and the opening and closing of the valves and the switching operation of the damper are controlled by the control means, so that the opening and closing of the valve and the switching of the damper are performed as desired, thereby avoiding the risk of malfunction. Is done.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of an absorption heat source machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This absorption heat source machine is for supplying cold heat to, for example, general air-conditioning equipment and industrial cold-use equipment, and usually supplies cooling heat and heating heat alternatively. It is configured as an absorption chiller / heater that can
As shown in FIG. 1, the single-effect absorption chiller / heater has an absorber 1, an evaporator 2, a regenerator 3, and a condenser 4. A heat pipe 1a is provided, and the condenser 4 is provided with a condenser heat transfer pipe 4a. After cooling water from a cooling tower (not shown) flows through the absorber heat transfer pipe 1a, the condenser heat transfer pipe 1a is provided. It is comprised so that it may circulate between cooling towers so that heat pipe 4a may flow.
[0011]
A dilute solution pipe 5 for dilute liquid, which is a low concentration absorbent, is connected to the lower part of the absorber 1, and the dilute liquid pipe 5 is connected to the lower part of the regenerator 3 through the heat exchanger 6. The dilute liquid pipe 5 is provided with a dilute liquid pump 7 and a check valve 8.
The regenerator 3 includes a gas-liquid separator 3a in the upper part thereof, and has a heating heat transfer tube 9 as a heating means, and the heating heat transfer tube 9 has a gas in a cogeneration system (not shown). Exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator 10 such as a turbine or a diesel generator is supplied via a damper device 11.
The damper device 11 includes a rotatable damper 11a. By rotating the damper 11a upward as shown in the figure, the exhaust gas is supplied to the heating heat transfer tube 9 to heat the absorption liquid in the regenerator 3. It is configured to be switchable between a heating state in which the exhaust gas is discharged and a non-heating state in which the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside by rotating it downward.
[0012]
In the regenerator 3, a vapor pipe 12 for transferring refrigerant vapor is connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 3a, which is connected to the condenser 4, and at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 3a, A concentrated liquid pipe 13 for concentrated liquid, which is a concentration absorbing liquid, is connected, and the concentrated liquid pipe 13 passes through a heat exchanger 6 and is connected to a spreader (not shown) disposed on the top of the absorber 1. Has been.
A refrigerant pipe 14 for transferring refrigerant water is connected to the condenser 4, and the refrigerant pipe 14 is connected to a spraying tool (not shown) arranged at the upper part of the evaporator 2, and the lower part of the evaporator 2 is connected to the condenser 4. The refrigerant pipe 14 is connected by a refrigerant circulation pipe 16 having a refrigerant pump 15.
Further, the evaporator 2 is provided with an evaporator heat transfer tube 2a so that the cooling water is transferred to a heat exchanger (not shown) during the cooling operation and the hot water is transferred during the heating operation to execute the cooling operation or the heating operation. It is configured.
[0013]
As described above, the cooling operation path A including the absorber 1, the evaporator 2, the regenerator 3, and the condenser 4 is configured, and further, the lower part of the gas-liquid separation unit 3 a of the regenerator 3 and the evaporator 2. A heating pipe 18 having a heating valve 17 is disposed between the upper part of the heater and a heating operation.
The regenerator 3 constituting the cooling operation path A is provided with a non-cooling operation path B separately from the cooling operation path A, and the non-cooling operation path B is a circulation for circulating the absorption liquid in the regenerator 3. A liquid circulation path 20 provided with a pump 19 and a steam circulation path 22 provided with a cooler 21 for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 to cool the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 and return it to the regenerator 3. Has been.
[0014]
That is, the liquid circulation path 20 is disposed so as to connect the intermediate portion and the lower portion of the regenerator 3, and the absorption liquid in the regenerator 3 is circulated by the circulation pump 19 disposed near the lower portion of the regenerator 3. It is configured to let you. Moreover, the steam circulation path 22 is connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separation part 3a of the regenerator 3, and is connected to the lower part of the regenerator 3 in a state where a part of the liquid circulation path 20 is shared. An air-cooled cooler 21 is provided nearby.
In the liquid circulation path 20, a first electromagnetic valve V 1 is provided on the upper side of the connection point with the steam circulation path 22, and a second electromagnetic valve V 2 is provided on the lower side of the circulation pump 19. The third electromagnetic valve V3 is provided on the upper side of the cooler 21. Further, in the cooling operation path A, the fourth electromagnetic valve V4 is provided in the steam pipe 12, and the fifth electromagnetic valve V5 is provided in the concentrated liquid pipe 13. Yes.
[0015]
These first to fifth electromagnetic valves V1 to V5 supply an operation state in which the absorption liquid and refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 are supplied to the cooling operation path A, and supply the absorption liquid and refrigerant vapor to the non-cooling operation path B. It functions as switching means 23 for switching to a non-operating state, and is configured to be opened and closed by a controller 24 as control means.
The damper 11a and the circulation pump 19 of the damper device 11 are also controlled by the controller 24, and the damper 11a is controlled to rotate upward in a heating state in which the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator 10 is supplied to the heating heat transfer tube 9. The first to third electromagnetic valves V1 to V3 are controlled to close, the circulation pump 19 is stopped, and the fourth and fifth electromagnetic valves V4 and V5 are controlled to open. In the non-heated state, the damper 11a is controlled to rotate downward, the first to third electromagnetic valves V1 to V3 are controlled to open, the circulation pump 19 is activated, and the fourth and fifth electromagnetic valves V4. , V5 are controlled to be closed.
In the figure, reference numeral 25 denotes a liquid level detector in the regenerator 3.
[0016]
Therefore, in the heating state in which the damper 11a is rotated upward, the cooling operation as desired is performed by the cooling operation path A, and the heating operation can also be performed. In addition to the on / off valve control at the time of the cooling operation, the on / off valve control at the time of the heating operation is controlled so that the heating valve 17 is opened in the heating state, and the heating valve 17 is controlled to be closed at the non-heating state.
In the non-heated state in which the damper 11a is rotated downward, the fourth and fifth electromagnetic valves V4 and V5 are closed, the first to third electromagnetic valves V1 to V3 are opened, and the circulation pump 19 is activated.
Therefore, even if the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator 10 leaks to the heating heat transfer tube 9 side of the regenerator 3 and the absorption liquid in the regenerator 3 is heated, the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor are moved to the cooling operation path A side. Since the absorbing liquid is not circulated and circulated between the regenerator 3 by the liquid circulation path 20 and the refrigerant vapor is cooled by the cooler 21 and returned to the regenerator 3 as refrigerant water, the regenerator 3 The inner absorbent is not concentrated, and precipitation of the absorbent is reliably prevented.
[0017]
[Another embodiment]
(1) In the previous embodiment, a single effect absorption chiller / heater was shown as an example of an absorption heat source machine, but a double effect absorption chiller / heater equipped with a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator Of course, the present invention can also be applied to an absorption refrigerating machine dedicated to cooling that does not have a heating operation function.
Moreover, although the example which provided the air cooling type cooler 21 in the steam circulation path 22 which comprises the non-cooling operation path | route B was shown, the cooler 21 is not restricted to an air cooling type, Various coolers, such as a water cooling type, are shown. Can be used.
[0018]
(2) In the previous embodiment, the controller 24 as the control means has been configured to control the opening / closing operation of the first to fifth electromagnetic valves V1 to V5 and the switching operation of the damper 11a. Instead of V1 to V5, a manually operated valve can be used, and the valve and the damper 11a can be manually switched separately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Outline block diagram of absorption chiller
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Absorber 2 Evaporator 3 Regenerator 4 Condenser 9 Heating means 10 Exhaust gas generator 11a Damper 19 Circulation pump 20 Liquid circulation path 22 Steam circulation path 23 Switching means 24 Control means A Cooling operation path B Non-cooling operation paths V1 to V5 valve

Claims (2)

A cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser;
The regenerator heating means is configured to be heated by the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator,
An absorption heat source machine provided with a damper that switches between a heated state and a non-heated state for supplying the exhaust gas to the heating means,
A non-cooling operation path comprising a liquid circulation path provided with a circulation pump for circulating the absorption liquid in the regenerator and a steam circulation path for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returning it to the regenerator is the cooling operation. Separate from the route,
An absorption heat source apparatus provided with switching means for switching between an operation state in which the absorption liquid and refrigerant vapor in the regenerator are supplied to the cooling operation path and a non-operation state in which the refrigerant is supplied to the non-cooling operation path. The said switching means is comprised by the some valve | bulb provided in the said cooling operation path | route and the non-cooling operation path | route, The control means which controls opening / closing of these valves and the switching operation of the said damper is provided. Absorption heat source machine.

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