JP2004263965A - Absorption type heat source machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption type heat source machine for surely avoiding the occurrence of clogging in a pipe system by preventing deposition of an absorbent from an absorbing liquid in nonoperation of the absorption type heat source machine without requiring an expensive damper device. <P>SOLUTION: This absorption type heat source machine has a cooling operation passage A having an absorber 1, an evaporator 2, a regenerator 3, and a condenser 4, and is provided with a heating means 9 of the regenerator 3 heated by exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator 10, and a damper 11a for switching to a heating state of supplying the exhaust gas to the heating means 9 and an unheated state. A non-cooling operation passage B composed of a liquid circulating passage 20 having a circulating pump 19 for circulating the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 3 and a steam circulating passage 22 for cooling and returning refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3, is arranged separately from the cooling operation passage A. A switching means 23 is arranged for switching to an operation state of supplying the absorbing liquid and refrigerant vapor to the cooling operation passage A and a nonoperational state of supplying the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor to the non-cooling operation passage B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is provided with a cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser, wherein the heating means of the regenerator is configured to be heated by exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator, and the exhaust gas is discharged. The present invention relates to an absorption heat source device provided with a damper for switching between a heating state and a non-heating state supplied to the heating means.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such an absorption heat source unit is for supplying cold heat to, for example, general air conditioning equipment or industrial cold heat utilization equipment, and a gas turbine or a diesel generator in a cogeneration system is used as an exhaust gas generator. Is done.
A cogeneration system supplies electric energy and heat energy. The demand for electric energy is relatively stable and has little fluctuation, whereas the demand for heat energy fluctuates greatly depending on the season and time.
Therefore, conventionally, a damper is provided in the exhaust gas path from the exhaust gas generator, and when the absorption heat source device is not operating, the damper is switched so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the heating means side of the regenerator. (Although it is actually implemented, there is no patent document that mentions the damper in detail.)
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described prior art, since the damper is thermally deformed by being exposed to the high-temperature exhaust gas, even if the exhaust gas is switched so as not to flow into the heating means side, the leakage of the exhaust gas to the heating means side is completely prevented. It is difficult.
When the exhaust gas leaks to the heating means side, the absorbing solution in the regenerator is heated and boiled with the passage of time, and the concentration of the absorbing solution increases, and the high-concentration absorbing solution flows to the absorber side. Finally, there is a possibility that the absorbent (for example, lithium bromide) may precipitate and clog the piping system to the absorber.
Such troubles can be avoided by making the damper high in accuracy, but in order to completely prevent exhaust gas leakage, a fairly accurate and expensive damper device is required.
[0004]
The present invention focuses on such a conventional problem, and its object is to deposit an absorbent from an absorbing liquid without using an expensive damper device when the absorption heat source device is not operating. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption heat source device that can prevent the occurrence of clogging in a piping system or the like and can reliably prevent the occurrence of clogging in a piping system or the like.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The feature configuration of the invention of claim 1 is provided with a cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser, and the heating means of the regenerator is heated by exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator. An absorption type heat source unit provided with a damper for switching between a heated state and a non-heated state for supplying the exhaust gas to the heating means, comprising a circulating pump for circulating the absorbent in the regenerator. A non-cooling operation path comprising a liquid circulation path, and a vapor circulation path for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returning the refrigerant vapor to the regenerator, is provided separately from the cooling operation path, and the absorbing liquid in the regenerator. And a switching means for switching between an operation state in which the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the cooling operation path and a non-operation state in which the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the non-cooling operation path.
[0006]
According to the characteristic configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid circulation path including the circulation pump that circulates the absorbing liquid in the regenerator and the vapor circulation path that cools the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returns the refrigerant vapor to the regenerator. The non-cooling operation path is provided separately from the cooling operation path having the absorber, the evaporator, the regenerator, and the condenser, and the operating state of supplying the absorbent and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator to the cooling operation path. Since the switching means for switching to the non-operating state for supplying to the non-cooling operation path is provided, during operation of the absorption heat source unit, the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator are supplied to the cooling operation path to be as desired. The cooling operation can be performed, and when the absorption heat source device is not operating, the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator can be supplied to the non-cooling operation path.
[0007]
That is, even when the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator leaks to the heating means side of the regenerator and heats the absorbent when the absorption heat source device is not operating, the absorbent flows between the liquid circulation path and the regenerator. Since the refrigerant vapor circulated and generated by the heating is cooled by the vapor circulation path and returned to the regenerator, the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the regenerator is maintained within a substantially constant range, and at least becomes a high concentration. There is no precipitation of the absorbent.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent precipitation of the absorbent from the absorbent and prevent clogging of the piping system when the absorption heat source device is not operated, without particularly requiring a high-precision and expensive damper device. It can be avoided reliably.
[0008]
A feature of the invention according to claim 2 is that the switching means comprises a plurality of valves provided in the cooling operation path and the non-cooling operation path, and controls the opening and closing of the valves and the switching operation of the damper. Is provided.
[0009]
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 2, since the switching means is constituted by a plurality of valves provided in the cooling operation path and the non-cooling operation path, a valve which is relatively simple in structure and easily available. The switching means can be manufactured at low cost, and the opening and closing of the valves and the switching operation of the damper are controlled by the control means, so that the opening and closing of the valve and the switching of the damper are executed as desired, thereby avoiding the risk of malfunction. Is done.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of an absorption heat source device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This absorption-type heat source unit is for supplying cold heat to, for example, general air-conditioning equipment or industrial cold heat utilization equipment. Usually, it selectively supplies cold heat for cooling and warm heat for heating. It is configured as an absorption type chiller / heater that can operate.
As shown in FIG. 1, a single-effect absorption chiller / heater has an absorber 1, an evaporator 2, a regenerator 3 and a condenser 4, and the absorber 1 includes an absorber transmission. A heat pipe 1a is provided, and a condenser heat transfer pipe 4a is provided in the condenser 4. After cooling water from a cooling tower (not shown) flows through the absorber heat transfer pipe 1a, a condenser heat transfer pipe 1a is provided. It is configured to circulate with the cooling tower so as to flow through the heat pipe 4a.
[0011]
The lower part of the absorber 1 is connected to a diluent pipe 5 for a dilute liquid that is a low-concentration absorbent, and the diluent pipe 5 is connected to a lower part of the regenerator 3 through a heat exchanger 6. The diluent pipe 5 is provided with a diluent pump 7 and a check valve 8.
The regenerator 3 is provided with a gas-liquid separation section 3a at its upper part, and has a heating heat transfer tube 9 as a heating means, and the heating heat transfer tube 9 is provided with a gas in a cogeneration system (not shown). Exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator 10 such as a turbine or a diesel generator is supplied through a damper device 11.
The damper device 11 is provided with a rotatable damper 11a. By rotating the damper device 11a upward as shown in the figure, the exhaust gas is supplied to the heat transfer tube 9 to heat the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 3. It is configured to be switchable between a heated state in which the exhaust gas is discharged and a non-heated state in which the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside by being rotated downward.
[0012]
In the regenerator 3, a vapor pipe 12 for transferring refrigerant vapor is connected to an upper part of the gas-liquid separator 3a, which is connected to the condenser 4, and a high-pressure pipe is connected to a lower part of the gas-liquid separator 3a. A concentrated liquid pipe 13 for a concentrated liquid, which is an absorbing liquid having a concentration, is connected, and the concentrated liquid pipe 13 is connected to a spraying tool (not shown) disposed above the absorber 1 through the heat exchanger 6. Have been.
A refrigerant pipe 14 for transferring refrigerant water is connected to the condenser 4, and the refrigerant pipe 14 is connected to a spraying tool (not shown) arranged at an upper part of the evaporator 2, and is connected to a lower part of the evaporator 2. The refrigerant pipe 14 is connected to a refrigerant circulation pipe 16 having a refrigerant pump 15.
The evaporator 2 is provided with a heat transfer tube 2a for the evaporator, and transfers cold water during a cooling operation and hot water during a heating operation to a heat exchanger (not shown) to perform a cooling operation or a heating operation. It is configured.
[0013]
As described above, the cooling operation path A including the absorber 1, the evaporator 2, the regenerator 3, and the condenser 4 is configured, and the lower part of the gas-liquid separation unit 3a of the regenerator 3 and the evaporator 2 A heating pipe 18 having a heating valve 17 is arranged between the heating pipe 18 and the upper part of the heating pipe 18 so that the heating pipe 18 can be used for a heating operation.
The regenerator 3 constituting the cooling operation path A is provided with a non-cooling operation path B separately from the cooling operation path A. The non-cooling operation path B circulates the absorbent in the regenerator 3. A liquid circulation path 20 having a pump 19 and a vapor circulation path 22 having a cooler 21 for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 for cooling the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 and returning the refrigerant vapor to the regenerator 3. Have been.
[0014]
That is, the liquid circulation path 20 is provided so as to connect the middle part and the lower part of the regenerator 3, and the absorption liquid in the regenerator 3 is circulated by the circulation pump 19 arranged near the lower part of the regenerator 3. It is configured to be. The vapor circuit 22 is connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 3 a of the regenerator 3, and is connected to the lower part of the regenerator 3 while also serving as a part of the liquid circuit 20. An air-cooled cooler 21 is provided nearby.
In the liquid circulation path 20, a first electromagnetic valve V1 is provided on the upper side of the connection point with the vapor circulation path 22, and a second electromagnetic valve V2 is provided on the lower side of the circulation pump 19. A third electromagnetic valve V3 is provided on the upstream side of the cooler 21, and a fourth electromagnetic valve V4 is provided on the steam pipe 12 and a fifth electromagnetic valve V5 is provided on the concentrated liquid pipe 13 in the cooling operation path A. I have.
[0015]
These first to fifth solenoid valves V1 to V5 are in an operating state in which the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator 3 are supplied to the cooling operation path A, and are supplied with the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor to the non-cooling operation path B. It functions as switching means 23 for switching operation to the non-operation state, and is configured to be opened and closed by a controller 24 as control means.
The damper 11a of the damper device 11 and the circulation pump 19 are also controlled by the controller 24, and in a heating state in which the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator 10 is supplied to the heating heat transfer tube 9, the damper 11a is controlled to rotate upward. The first to third electromagnetic valves V1 to V3 are controlled to close, the circulation pump 19 is stopped, and the fourth and fifth electromagnetic valves V4 and V5 are controlled to open. In the non-heating state, the damper 11a is controlled to rotate downward, the first to third electromagnetic valves V1 to V3 are controlled to open, the circulation pump 19 is operated, and the fourth and fifth electromagnetic valves V4 are controlled. , V5 are controlled to close.
In the drawing, reference numeral 25 denotes a liquid level detector in the regenerator 3.
[0016]
Therefore, in the heating state in which the damper 11a is rotated upward, the cooling operation is performed as desired by the cooling operation path A, and the heating operation can also be performed. The on-off valve control during the heating operation is in addition to the on-off valve control during the cooling operation. In the heating state, the heating valve 17 is controlled to open, and in the non-heating state, the heating valve 17 is controlled to close.
In the non-heating state in which the damper 11a is turned downward, the fourth and fifth solenoid valves V4 and V5 are closed, the first to third solenoid valves V1 to V3 are opened, and the circulation pump is opened. 19 is activated.
Therefore, even if the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator 10 leaks to the heating heat transfer tube 9 side of the regenerator 3 and the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 3 is heated, the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor are transferred to the cooling operation path A side. The absorbent does not flow out and is circulated between the regenerator 3 by the liquid circulation path 20 and the refrigerant vapor is cooled by the cooler 21 and returned to the regenerator 3 as refrigerant water. The absorption liquid in the inside is not concentrated, and the precipitation of the absorbent is reliably prevented.
[0017]
[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above embodiment, a single-effect absorption chiller / heater was shown as an example of an absorption heat source device, but a double-effect absorption chiller / heater equipped with a high-temperature regenerator and a low-temperature regenerator. Of course, the present invention can be applied to an absorption-type refrigerator exclusively used for cooling without a heating operation function.
In addition, the example in which the air-cooling type cooler 21 is provided in the steam circulation path 22 constituting the non-cooling operation path B has been described. However, the cooler 21 is not limited to the air-cooling type, and various types of water-cooling type Can be used.
[0018]
(2) In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the opening and closing operations of the first to fifth electromagnetic valves V1 to V5 and the switching operation of the damper 11a are controlled by the controller 24 as a control means has been described. A manually operated valve may be used instead of V1 to V5, and the valve and the damper 11a may be manually switched separately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an absorption chiller / heater.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Absorber 2 Evaporator 3 Regenerator 4 Condenser 9 Heating means 10 Exhaust gas generator 11a Damper 19 Circulation pump 20 Liquid circulation path 22 Steam circulation path 23 Switching means 24 Control means A Cooling operation path B Non-cooling operation paths V1 to V5 valve

Claims (2)

Comprising a cooling operation path having an absorber, an evaporator, a regenerator, and a condenser;
The heating means of the regenerator is configured to be heated by exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generator,
An absorption heat source device provided with a damper for switching between a heated state and a non-heated state for supplying the exhaust gas to the heating means,
A non-cooling operation path including a liquid circulation path including a circulation pump that circulates the absorbent in the regenerator and a vapor circulation path that cools the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator and returns the refrigerant to the regenerator includes a cooling operation. It is provided separately from the route,
An absorption heat source unit provided with switching means for switching between an operation state in which the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator are supplied to the cooling operation path and a non-operation state in which the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor are supplied to the non-cooling operation path. 2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit includes a plurality of valves provided in the cooling operation path and the non-cooling operation path, and a control unit that controls opening / closing of the valves and switching operation of the damper is provided. Absorption type heat source machine.

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