JP4142115B2 - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4142115B2
JP4142115B2 JP27518594A JP27518594A JP4142115B2 JP 4142115 B2 JP4142115 B2 JP 4142115B2 JP 27518594 A JP27518594 A JP 27518594A JP 27518594 A JP27518594 A JP 27518594A JP 4142115 B2 JP4142115 B2 JP 4142115B2
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acid
alkyl
carbon atoms
linear
group
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JP27518594A
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JPH08134488A (en
Inventor
善治 馬場
信浩 青木
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シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー
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Priority to JP27518594A priority Critical patent/JP4142115B2/en
Priority to TW084111301A priority patent/TW294717B/zh
Priority to AT95202994T priority patent/ATE339489T1/en
Priority to EP95202994A priority patent/EP0711822B1/en
Priority to DE69535220T priority patent/DE69535220T2/en
Priority to KR1019950040232A priority patent/KR960017826A/en
Publication of JPH08134488A publication Critical patent/JPH08134488A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
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    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/08—Ammonium or amine salts
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    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
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    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/02—Macromolecular compounds from phosphorus-containg monomers, obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

Lubricating oil compositions for use in lubricating the slideway of a machine tool or injection moulding machine. The lubricating oil composition comprises (a) a base oil, (b) one or more friction reducing agents preferably selected from phosphoric acid esters or their alkyl ammonium salts, phosphorous acid esters and fatty acids, and (c) one or more linear alkyl amines. Preferably, the amount of the friction reducing agent(s) (b) is 0.05 to 10.0% by weight based on the amount of the base oil (a) and the amount of the linear alkyl amine(s) (c) is 0.1 to 20.0% by weight based on the amount of the friction reducing agent(s) (b).

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、工作機械等の滑り案内面の潤滑に好適に用いられる潤滑油組成物に関する。本発明の潤滑油組成物は、送り速度が低速で高精度な加工が要求される工作機械に、特に好ましく用いられる。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
工作機械によって高精度な加工を行うためには、工作機械の送り軸の位置決め精度が優れていることが要求される。
【０００３】
しかし、滑り案内面を有する工作機械では案内面に発生する摩擦抵抗のため、送り系に弾性歪みが発生し、位置決め精度を低下させる。
【０００４】
そのため、一般に、案内面に使用される潤滑油には、摩擦抵抗を低減するため、種々の摩擦低減剤が配合されている。このようなものとしては、例えば、油脂エステル類、硫化油脂類、脂肪酸類、燐酸エステル類等が、潤滑油基油に０．１〜１０重量％の量添加されている。
【０００５】
【発明の解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の潤滑油組成物は、高精度な加工が要求される工作機械に対しては充分な潤滑性を得るに至っていない。所要の潤滑性を得ようとすれば、反応性の高い活性な摩擦低減剤を配合したり、或いはこれらの摩擦低減剤の添加濃度を大きくしたりする必要があった。摩擦低減剤を多量に使用すると潤滑剤組成物のコストが上昇するという問題があった。又、脂肪酸や燐酸エステル等の活性の強い摩擦低減剤を高濃度で使用すると、工作機械の案内面や給油システム等の機械材料に腐食を発生させることもあった。
【０００６】
本発明は、高精度な加工が要求される工作機械に好適に使用でき、工作機械の案内面の位置決め特性を改善し得る腐食性の少ない潤滑油組成物を安価に提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題解決のための手段】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、潤滑油基油に対して、従来から使用されてきた比較的極性の高い摩擦低減剤（酸性燐酸エステル若しくはそのアミン塩、亜燐酸エステル、又は高級脂肪酸）の他、特定のアルキルアミンを極微量更に添加したものである。
【０００８】
即ち、本発明の潤滑油組成物は、
(a) 鉱物系潤滑油、植物油系潤滑油及び合成潤滑油から選ばれた少なくとも１種類の潤滑油からなる基油、
(b) 上記基油(a) に対し、０．０５〜１０．０重量％の下記式（１）〜（７）で示される化合物から選ばれた少なくとも１種類の摩擦低減剤、及び
【０００９】
【化１０】

Figure 0004142115
【００１０】
【化３】
Figure 0004142115
【００１１】
【化４】
Figure 0004142115
【００１２】
【化１３】
Figure 0004142115
【００１３】
【化１４】
Figure 0004142115
【００１４】
Ｒ６Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｎ（ＣＨ３）ＣＨ２Ｃ（＝Ｏ）ＯＨ （６）
【００１５】
【化１０】
Figure 0004142115
【００１６】
(c) 上記摩擦低減剤(b) に対し、０．１〜２０．０重量％の下記式（８）及び（９）で示されるアミンから選ばれた少なくとも１種類の直鎖アルキルアミン
【００１７】
【化１７】
Figure 0004142115
【００１８】
【化１８】
Figure 0004142115
【００１９】
（但し、式中、ｎは１又は２の整数、ｍは１〜３の整数、ｐは１〜１０の整数、Ｒ1 は炭素数４〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基、ポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキル基、又はポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキルアリール基、Ｒ2 は炭素数４〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又は炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基、Ｒ3 はメチル又はエチル基、Ｒ4 は炭素数８〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又はアルキルアリール基、Ｒ5 は炭素数７〜２３の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又は炭素数７〜２３の硫化アルキル基、Ｒ6 は炭素数１２〜１８の飽和又は不飽和アルキル基、Ｒ7 は炭素数８〜１８の飽和又は不飽和アルキル基、Ｒ8 は炭素数８〜２２の飽和又は不飽和の直鎖アルキル基。但し、Ｒ2 が直鎖のアルキル基の場合はＲ8 はＲ2 よりも大きな炭素数の直鎖アルキル基）からなることを特徴とするものである。
【００２０】
以下、本発明の潤滑油組成物の各構成成分について詳しく述べる。
【００２１】
本発明において、基油(a) としては、鉱物系潤滑油、植物油系潤滑油又は合成潤滑油が用いられ、ＩＳＯ ＶＧ１０〜２２０（４０℃）の動粘度を有するものが好ましい。
【００２２】
基油(a) として用いられる鉱物系潤滑油としては、パラフィン系鉱油、又はナフテン系鉱油を溶剤精製若しくは水素化精製したものが挙げられる。
【００２３】
植物油系潤滑油としては、菜種油、米糠油、大豆油等の植物油脂類が挙げられる。
【００２４】
合成潤滑油としては、オレフィンオリゴマー、ポリブテン、又はアジピン酸、アゼライン酸、フタル酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸のエステル類等の脂肪酸エステル、又はトリメチルプロパノールのオレイン酸エステル、ペンタエリスリトールのオレイン酸エステル、ネオペンチルグリコールのオレイン酸エステル、トリメチルプロパノールのイソステアリン酸エステル等のポリオールエステル等が挙げられる。
【００２５】
これらの基油は、各々単独で使用することもでき、混合物として使用することもできる。
【００２６】
次に、本発明において用いられる摩擦低減剤(b) について説明する。
【００２７】
摩擦低減剤(b) としては、酸性燐酸エステル、酸性燐酸エステルのアルキルアンモニウム塩、亜燐酸エステル、又は脂肪酸を用いることができる。以下、これらの化合物について説明する。
【００２８】
１）酸性燐酸エステル及びそのアルキルアンモニウム塩：
酸性燐酸エステルは下記式（１）で示され、そのアルキルアンモニウム塩は下記式（２）或いは（３）で示されるものである。
【００２９】
【化１９】
Figure 0004142115
【００３０】
【化５】
Figure 0004142115
【００３１】
【化６】
Figure 0004142115
【００３２】
但し、これらの式中において、ｎは１又は２の整数、ｍは１〜３の整数を示し、Ｒ1 は炭素数４〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基、ポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキル基、又はポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキルアリール基を示す。Ｒ2 は炭素数４〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又は炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基を、Ｒ3 はメチル又はエチル基を示す。
【００３３】
このような酸性燐酸エステル及びそのアルキルアンモニウム塩の例としては、ブチル酸性燐酸エステル、ヘキシル酸性燐酸エステル、オクチル酸性燐酸エステル、２−エチルヘキシル酸性燐酸エステル、イソデシル酸性燐酸エステル、ラウリル酸性燐酸エステル、ステアリル酸性燐酸エステル、オレイル酸性燐酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル酸性燐酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンイソオクチルフェニルエーテル酸性燐酸エステル等のジアルキル若しくはモノアルキル酸性燐酸エステル類、及び、これらの酸性燐酸エステル類を、ブチルアミン、ジブチルアミン、オクチルアミン、トリオクチルアミン、２−エチルヘキシルアミン、ジ−２−エチルヘキシルアミン、ｔ−アルキルアミン（Ｒa Ｒb Ｒc ＣＮＨ2 で示されるアミンであって、Ｒa 、Ｒb ，Ｒc は、アルキル基であり、炭素数の合計は３〜２５の範囲である）、イソトリデシルアミン、ジイソトリデシルアミン、トリデシルアミン、ジトリデシルアミン、ジメチルオクチルアミン、又はジフェニルアミンで中和した酸性燐酸エステルのアルキルアンモニウム塩類のようなものがある。
【００３４】
２）亜燐酸エステル：
本発明で使用される亜燐酸エステルは、下記式（４）で示されるものである。
【００３５】
【化２２】
Figure 0004142115
【００３６】
但し、式中、Ｒ4 は炭素数８〜２２の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又はアルキルアリール基を示す。
【００３７】
このような亜燐酸エステルの例としては、亜燐酸ジオクチル、亜燐酸ジラウリル、亜燐酸ジオレイル、のようなものがある。
【００３８】
３）脂肪酸：
本発明で使用される脂肪酸は、下記式（５）、（６）及び（７）で示されるものである。
【００３９】
【化２３】
Figure 0004142115
【００４０】
Ｒ６Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｎ（ＣＨ３）ＣＨ２Ｃ（＝Ｏ）ＯＨ （６）
【００４１】
【化１１】
Figure 0004142115
【００４２】
但し、式中、ｐは１〜１０の整数、Ｒ5 は炭素数７〜２３の飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基、又は炭素数７〜２３の硫化アルキル基を示し、Ｒ6 は炭素数１２〜１８の飽和又は不飽和アルキル基、Ｒ7 は炭素数８〜１８の飽和又は不飽和アルキル基を示す。
【００４３】
このような脂肪酸としては、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、エルカ酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、硫化オレイン酸等の脂肪酸類、ラウロイルサルコシン、ミリストイルサルコシン、パルミトイルサルコシン、、オレオイルサルコシン等のＮ−アシルサルコシン類、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルカルボン酸、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテルカルボン酸、ポリオキシエチレン牛脂エーテルカルボン酸等のアルキルエーテルカルボン酸類のようなものが挙げられる。
【００４４】
これらの摩擦低減剤は、１種だけを用いてもよく、２種以上を併用してもよい。
【００４５】
本発明において摩擦低減剤(b) と併用される直鎖アルキルアミン(c) としては、下記式（８）又は（９）で示されるものが用いられる。
【００４６】
【化２６】
Figure 0004142115
【００４７】
【化２７】
Figure 0004142115
【００４８】
但し、式中、ｍは１〜３の整数を示し、Ｒ8 は炭素数８〜２２の飽和又は不飽和の直鎖アルキル基、Ｒ3 はメチル又はエチル基を示す。尚、摩擦低減剤(b) として酸性燐酸エステルのアルキルアンモニウム塩が直鎖のアルキルアミンで構成されている場合は、Ｒ8 は当該燐酸エステルのアルキルアンモニウム塩のアミンのアルキル基よりも炭素数の大きな直鎖アルキル基である。
【００４９】
これらの直鎖アルキルアミン(c) の例としては、オクチルアミン、ジオクチルアミン、トリオクチルアミン、ラウリルアミン、ミリスチルアミン、パルミチルアミン、ステアリルアミン、オレイルアミン、ジオレイルアミン、ジステアリルアミン、ジメチルステアリルアミン、ジメチルオレイルアミン、ジメチルココナッツアミンのようなものを挙げることができる。
【００５０】
本発明において、摩擦低減剤(b) の使用量は、基油(a) に対して０．０５〜１０．０重量％であり、好ましくは０．１〜５．０重量％である。摩擦低減剤(b) の使用量が０．０５重量％より少ないと、充分な摩擦低減効果が得られないから好ましくない。一方、１０重量％より多いと機械材料を腐食させるという問題が生じるから好ましくない。
【００５１】
一方、直鎖アルキルアミン(c) の使用量は、摩擦低減剤(b) に対して０．１〜２０重量％であり、１〜１０重量％の範囲が好ましい。直鎖アルキルアミン(c) の使用量が０．１重量％より少ないと、本発明の目的を達成することができない。一方、２０重量％より多いと、併用する摩擦低減剤の酸性燐酸エステル、亜燐酸エステル、脂肪酸が直鎖アルキルを有する場合に、直鎖アルキルアミン(c) の鉱物系潤滑油に対する充分な溶解性が得られない。又、併用する摩擦低減剤の活性を減少させかえって潤滑性が損なわれるという問題がある。
【００５２】
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、この他、必要に応じ、公知の潤滑性向上剤を配合することができる。かかる潤滑性向上剤としては、高級アルコール、脂肪酸金属石鹸、動植物油脂、脂肪酸エステル類、動植物油脂硫化物、硫化エステル類、トリアルキル燐酸エステル、トリクレジル燐酸エステル、トリアルキル亜燐酸エステル、有機モリブデン系摩擦低減剤、及びアルキルジチオ燐酸亜鉛等の油性剤や極圧剤、耐磨耗剤が挙げられる。本発明の潤滑油組成物には、更に、酸化防止剤、防錆剤、清浄剤、粘度指数向上剤、流動点降下剤、金属不活性剤、消泡剤、抗乳化剤、付着性向上剤（タッキネス剤）等を適宜配合することができる。
【００５３】
【発明の効果】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、特定の添加剤を組み合わせることにより、公知の添加剤単独では達成できなかった高い位置決め精度が得られるので、工作機械の加工精度の向上に著しい効果を得ることができる。又、高精度の成形が要求される射出成形機等の案内面油として特に有用なものである。
【００５４】
更に、従来の摩擦低減剤のみでは、所要の性能を得るのに高濃度の摩擦低減剤の添加が必要であったが、本発明の潤滑油組成物においては添加剤濃度の低減が可能である。このため、本発明の潤滑油は、高濃度の摩擦低減剤の添加によって引き起こされる機械部品の腐食を防止する上でも有効である。更に、潤滑油組成物の価格を低減させる上でも効果がある。
【００５５】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳しく説明するが、本発明がこれらの実施例により限定されないことはいうまでもない。
【００５６】
［実施例１〜８、比較例１〜１２］
［試験油の調製］
潤滑油基油として、ＩＳＯ ＶＧ６８、粘度指数１１０、流動点−１５℃、全酸価０．００ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇ、硫黄分０．５重量％のものを使用した。
【００５７】
添加剤として、
硫化ラード（大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製）、
オレイン酸（ユニケマ社製）、
オクチル酸性燐酸エステル（旭電化工業株式会社製）とジトリデシルアミン（ＢＡＳＦ ＡＧ製）を混合して得た酸性燐酸エステルアルキルアンモニウム塩（酸性燐酸エステルアミン塩１）、
オクチル酸性燐酸エステル（旭電化工業株式会社製）とジ−２−エチルヘキシルアミン（ＢＡＳＦ ＡＧ製）を混合して得た酸性燐酸エステルアルキルアンモニウム塩（酸性燐酸エステルアミン塩２）、
ヘキシル酸性燐酸エステル（Ａ＆Ｗ社製）とターシャリーＣ12-14 アルキルアミン（ロームアンドハース株式会社製）を混合して得た酸性燐酸エステルアルキルアンモニウム塩（酸性燐酸エステルアミン塩３）、
トリクレジル燐酸エステル（チバガイギー社製）
２−エチルヘキシルアミン（ＢＡＳＦ ＡＧ製）、
ジオレイルアミン（日本油脂株式会社製）、
ラウリルアミン（花王株式会社製）
オレイルアミン（ヘキスト社製）
ターシャリーＣ16-22 アルキルアミン（ロームアンドハース社製）、
ジラウリルハイドロゲン亜燐酸（堺化学工業株式会社製）、
を使用した。
【００５８】
［位置決め精度の試験方法］
ＪＩＳ Ｂ６３３８−２．８項の立型マシニングセンタに関する最小設定単位送り試験法に従い、Ｙ軸に１０秒毎にプラス方向へ１ミクロンづつ、計２５回の微小送りを行うよう数値制御で指令し、その後、続いてマイナス方向に同様の微小送りを間欠的に行うよう指令した。実際の移動量をレーザ測長器で測定し、一連の数値制御指令に対するマシニングセンタの送り軸の応答精度を潤滑油を替えて調べた。送り精度の評価は、プラス方向に送った後マイナス方向に送る指令に対し、実際にマイナス方向に動き出させるのに必要な指令単位数を測定し、最小設定単位送りのバックラッシュを比較することにより行った。試験は、２４±０．２℃の恒温室内で行い、試験油で十分な慣らし運転を行い潤滑面が完全に試験油で潤滑されるようになった後、各々の試験油について６回繰り返しその平均値を求めた。
【００５９】
［実施例及び比較例の説明］
実施例１〜６を表１に、比較例１〜８及び１１、１２を表２に、実施例７及び８並びに比較例９及び１０を表３に示す。
【００６０】
【表１】
Figure 0004142115
【００６１】
【表２】
Figure 0004142115
【００６２】
【表３】
Figure 0004142115
【００６３】
本発明の配合例を実施例１〜８に示す。又、摩擦低減剤を配合しない場合及び本発明で用いる特定の直鎖アルキルアミンを除いた配合例を比較例１〜６及び比較例９、１０に示す。更に、本発明の配合例において、特定の直鎖アルキルアミンのみを配合した例を比較例７及び８に、直鎖アルキルアミンに代えて分枝アルキルアミンを用いた例を比較例１１及び１２に示す。
【００６４】
実施例１と比較例３、実施例２と比較例４、実施例３と比較例５、実施例４、５及び６と比較例６、実施例７と比較例９、並びに実施例８と比較例１０の各々を比較すると、脂肪酸、酸性燐酸エステル若しくはそのアルキルアンモニウム塩、又は亜燐酸エステル等に加えて比較的炭素数の大きい直鎖アルキルアミンを配合した試験油を用いた場合（実施例１〜８）は、直鎖アルキルアミンを配合しない試験油を用いた場合（比較例３〜６、９及び１０）に比べ、位置決めの際のバックラッシュが小さく位置決め精度を向上させ得ることが判る。
【００６５】
一方、比較例１と７及び比較例２と８との比較から、直鎖アルキルアミン単独では位置決め精度の改善は見られないことが判る。
【００６６】
又、比較例６と１１及び１２との比較から、２−エチルヘキシルアミンやターシャリーＣ16-22 アルキルアミンのような分枝アルキルアミンを用いても、本発明の効果は得られないことが判る。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition suitably used for lubricating a sliding guide surface of a machine tool or the like. The lubricating oil composition of the present invention is particularly preferably used for machine tools that require a high feed rate at a low feed rate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to perform highly accurate machining with a machine tool, it is required that the positioning accuracy of the feed axis of the machine tool is excellent.
[0003]
However, in a machine tool having a sliding guide surface, due to the frictional resistance generated on the guide surface, elastic distortion occurs in the feed system, and the positioning accuracy is lowered.
[0004]
Therefore, in general, various friction reducing agents are blended in the lubricating oil used for the guide surface in order to reduce the frictional resistance. As such, for example, fat esters, sulfurized fats, fatty acids, phosphoric esters and the like are added to the lubricating base oil in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight.
[0005]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
However, conventional lubricating oil compositions have not yet achieved sufficient lubricity for machine tools that require high-precision machining. In order to obtain the required lubricity, it is necessary to add an active friction reducing agent having high reactivity or to increase the concentration of addition of these friction reducing agents. When a large amount of the friction reducing agent is used, there is a problem that the cost of the lubricant composition increases. In addition, when a highly active friction reducing agent such as fatty acid or phosphoric acid ester is used at a high concentration, corrosion may occur in machine materials such as machine tool guide surfaces and oil supply systems.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a low-corrosive lubricating oil composition that can be suitably used for a machine tool that requires high-precision machining and that can improve the positioning characteristics of the guide surface of the machine tool at a low cost. .
[0007]
[Means for solving problems]
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention is used for a lubricating base oil, in addition to a relatively highly polar friction reducing agent (acidic phosphate ester or amine salt thereof, phosphite ester, or higher fatty acid) that has been conventionally used. Further, a trace amount of a specific alkylamine is further added.
[0008]
That is, the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is
(a) a base oil comprising at least one lubricating oil selected from mineral lubricating oils, vegetable oils and synthetic lubricating oils;
(b) 0.05 to 10.0% by weight of at least one friction reducing agent selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (7) with respect to the base oil (a), and ]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0004142115
[0010]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004142115
[0011]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004142115
[0012]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0013]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0014]
R 6 C (═O) N (CH 3 ) CH 2 C (═O) OH (6)
[0015]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0004142115
[0016]
(c) 0.1 to 20.0% by weight of at least one linear alkylamine selected from amines represented by the following formulas (8) and (9) with respect to the friction reducing agent (b): ]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0019]
(In the formula, n is an integer of 1 or 2, m is an integer of 1 to 3, p is an integer of 1 to 10, R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and 6 carbon atoms. -24 alkylaryl group, alkyl group to which 1 to 10 moles of polyoxyethylene is added, or alkylaryl group to which 1 to 10 moles of polyoxyethylene are added, R 2 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 4 to 22 carbon atoms Group, or an alkylaryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, R 3 is a methyl or ethyl group, R 4 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl group, and R 5 is 7 to 7 carbon atoms. 23 saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups, or sulfurized alkyl groups having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, R 6 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and R 7 is saturated or unsaturated having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Alkyl group, R 8 is saturated with 8 to 22 carbon atoms A sum or unsaturated linear alkyl group, provided that when R 2 is a linear alkyl group, R 8 is a linear alkyl group having a carbon number greater than R 2 .
[0020]
Hereinafter, each component of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0021]
In the present invention, as the base oil (a), mineral-based lubricating oil, vegetable oil-based lubricating oil or synthetic lubricating oil is used, and those having a kinematic viscosity of ISO VG 10 to 220 (40 ° C.) are preferable.
[0022]
Examples of the mineral-based lubricating oil used as the base oil (a) include those obtained by solvent refining or hydrorefining paraffinic mineral oil or naphthenic mineral oil.
[0023]
Examples of vegetable oils include vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, and soybean oil.
[0024]
Synthetic lubricating oils include olefin oligomers, polybutenes, fatty acid esters such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, phthalic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid esters, oleic acid ester of trimethylpropanol, oleic acid ester of pentaerythritol, neo Examples include polyol esters such as oleic acid ester of pentyl glycol and isostearic acid ester of trimethylpropanol.
[0025]
These base oils can be used alone or as a mixture.
[0026]
Next, the friction reducing agent (b) used in the present invention will be described.
[0027]
As the friction reducing agent (b), an acidic phosphoric acid ester, an alkyl ammonium salt of an acidic phosphoric acid ester, a phosphorous acid ester, or a fatty acid can be used. Hereinafter, these compounds will be described.
[0028]
1) Acidic phosphate ester and alkylammonium salt thereof:
The acidic phosphoric acid ester is represented by the following formula (1), and the alkyl ammonium salt thereof is represented by the following formula (2) or (3).
[0029]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0030]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004142115
[0031]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004142115
[0032]
In these formulas, n represents an integer of 1 or 2, m represents an integer of 1 to 3, R 1 represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. An aryl group, an alkyl group to which 1 to 10 mol of polyoxyethylene is added, or an alkylaryl group to which 1 to 10 mol of polyoxyethylene is added are shown. R 2 represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a methyl or ethyl group.
[0033]
Examples of such acidic phosphates and alkylammonium salts thereof include butyl acidic phosphate, hexyl acidic phosphate, octyl acidic phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl acidic phosphate, isodecyl acidic phosphate, lauryl acidic phosphate, stearyl acidic Dialkyl or monoalkyl acidic phosphate esters such as phosphate ester, oleyl acid phosphate ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether acid phosphate ester, polyoxyethylene isooctyl phenyl ether acid phosphate ester, and these acid phosphate esters with butylamine, dibutylamine, octylamine, trioctylamine, indicated 2-ethylhexylamine, di-2-ethylhexylamine, with t- alkylamine (R a R b R c CNH 2 A Min, R a, R b, R c is an alkyl group, the total number of carbon atoms is in the range of 3 to 25), isotridecylamine, diisotridecyl amine, tridecyl amine, ditridecyl Such as alkyl ammonium salts of acidic phosphates neutralized with amines, dimethyloctylamine, or diphenylamine.
[0034]
2) Phosphite ester:
The phosphite used in the present invention is represented by the following formula (4).
[0035]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0036]
In the formula, R 4 represents an alkyl group, or an alkylaryl group of saturated or unsaturated 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
[0037]
Examples of such phosphites are dioctyl phosphite, dilauryl phosphite, dioleyl phosphite.
[0038]
3) Fatty acid:
The fatty acid used in the present invention is represented by the following formulas (5), (6) and (7).
[0039]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0040]
R 6 C (═O) N (CH 3 ) CH 2 C (═O) OH (6)
[0041]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0042]
However, in the formula, p represents an integer of 1 to 10, R 5 represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, or a sulfurized alkyl group having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, and R 6 represents 12 to 12 carbon atoms. 18 saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups, R 7 represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0043]
Examples of such fatty acids include fatty acids such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, sulfurized oleic acid, lauroyl sarcosine, myristoyl sarcosine, palmitoyl sarcosine And N-acyl sarcosines such as oleoyl sarcosine, and alkyl ether carboxylic acids such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether carboxylic acid, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether carboxylic acid, polyoxyethylene tallow ether carboxylic acid and the like.
[0044]
These friction reducing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0045]
As the linear alkylamine (c) used in combination with the friction reducing agent (b) in the present invention, those represented by the following formula (8) or (9) are used.
[0046]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0047]
Embedded image
Figure 0004142115
[0048]
In the formula, m represents an integer of 1 to 3, R 8 represents a saturated or unsaturated linear alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a methyl or ethyl group. In the case where the alkylammonium salt of the acidic phosphate ester is composed of a linear alkylamine as the friction reducing agent (b), R 8 has a carbon number higher than the alkyl group of the amine of the alkylammonium salt of the phosphate ester. Large linear alkyl group.
[0049]
Examples of these linear alkylamines (c) include octylamine, dioctylamine, trioctylamine, laurylamine, myristylamine, palmitylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, dioleylamine, distearylamine, dimethylstearylamine, Examples include dimethyl oleylamine and dimethyl coconut amine.
[0050]
In the present invention, the amount of the friction reducing agent (b) used is 0.05 to 10.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, based on the base oil (a). When the amount of the friction reducing agent (b) used is less than 0.05% by weight, a sufficient friction reducing effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the problem of corroding the machine material is not preferable.
[0051]
On the other hand, the amount of the linear alkylamine (c) used is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, based on the friction reducing agent (b). When the amount of the linear alkylamine (c) used is less than 0.1% by weight, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. On the other hand, when the content is more than 20% by weight, sufficient solubility of the linear alkylamine (c) in the mineral lubricating oil when the acid phosphate ester, phosphite ester or fatty acid of the friction reducing agent used in combination has linear alkyl. Cannot be obtained. Further, there is a problem that the lubricity is impaired by reducing the activity of the friction reducing agent used in combination.
[0052]
In addition to the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a known lubricity improver can be blended as necessary. Examples of such lubricity improvers include higher alcohols, fatty acid metal soaps, animal and vegetable oils and fats, fatty acid esters, animal and vegetable oil and fat sulfides, sulfurized esters, trialkyl phosphate esters, tricresyl phosphate esters, trialkyl phosphite esters, and organic molybdenum friction. Examples of the reducing agent include oily agents such as zinc alkyldithiophosphate, extreme pressure agents, and antiwear agents. The lubricating oil composition of the present invention further includes an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a detergent, a viscosity index improver, a pour point depressant, a metal deactivator, an antifoaming agent, a demulsifier, and an adhesion improver ( A tackiness agent) or the like can be appropriately blended.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
Since the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can achieve high positioning accuracy that cannot be achieved by a known additive alone by combining specific additives, it can have a significant effect on improving the processing accuracy of machine tools. it can. Further, it is particularly useful as a guide surface oil for an injection molding machine or the like that requires high-precision molding.
[0054]
Furthermore, with the conventional friction reducer alone, it was necessary to add a high concentration friction reducer to obtain the required performance, but in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, the additive concentration can be reduced. . For this reason, the lubricating oil of the present invention is also effective in preventing corrosion of machine parts caused by the addition of a high concentration friction reducing agent. Furthermore, it is effective in reducing the price of the lubricating oil composition.
[0055]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited by these Examples.
[0056]
[Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-12]
[Preparation of test oil]
As the lubricating base oil, ISO VG68, viscosity index 110, pour point of −15 ° C., total acid value of 0.00 mg KOH / g, and sulfur content of 0.5% by weight were used.
[0057]
As an additive,
Sulfur sulfide lard (Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.),
Oleic acid (Uniquema),
Acid phosphate ester alkylammonium salt (acid phosphate ester amine salt 1) obtained by mixing octyl acid phosphate ester (made by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and ditridecylamine (made by BASF AG),
Acidic phosphoric acid ester alkyl ammonium salt (acidic phosphoric acid ester amine salt 2) obtained by mixing octyl acidic phosphoric acid ester (manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and di-2-ethylhexylamine (manufactured by BASF AG),
Acidic phosphoric acid ester alkylammonium salt (acidic phosphoric acid ester amine salt 3) obtained by mixing hexyl acidic phosphoric acid ester (manufactured by A & W) and tertiary C 12-14 alkylamine (manufactured by Rohm and Haas Co., Ltd.),
Tricresyl phosphate (Ciba Geigy)
2-ethylhexylamine (manufactured by BASF AG),
Dioleylamine (Nippon Yushi Co., Ltd.),
Laurylamine (manufactured by Kao Corporation)
Oleylamine (Hoechst)
Tertiary C 16-22 alkylamine (Rohm and Haas),
Dilauryl hydrogen phosphorous acid (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.),
It was used.
[0058]
[Positioning accuracy test method]
In accordance with the minimum set unit feed test method for vertical machining centers in JIS B6338-2.8, command the numerical control to perform a total of 25 fine feeds in 1-micron increments every 10 seconds on the Y axis. Subsequently, the same minute feed was instructed to be intermittently performed in the minus direction. The actual amount of movement was measured with a laser length measuring device, and the response accuracy of the machining center feed shaft to a series of numerical control commands was investigated by changing the lubricant. Evaluation of feed accuracy is to measure the number of command units required to actually start moving in the minus direction and compare the backlash of the minimum unit feed for the command sent in the plus direction and then sent in the minus direction. It went by. The test is performed in a constant temperature room of 24 ± 0.2 ° C., and after sufficient running-in operation with the test oil, the lubricated surface is completely lubricated with the test oil, and then repeated 6 times for each test oil. The average value was obtained.
[0059]
[Description of Examples and Comparative Examples]
Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 1 to 8, 11 and 12 are shown in Table 2, Examples 7 and 8 and Comparative Examples 9 and 10 are shown in Table 3.
[0060]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004142115
[0061]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004142115
[0062]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004142115
[0063]
Formulation examples of the present invention are shown in Examples 1-8. Further, Comparative Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 9 and 10 in which a friction reducing agent is not blended and blending examples excluding the specific linear alkylamine used in the present invention are shown. Further, in the blending examples of the present invention, examples in which only a specific linear alkylamine is blended are shown in Comparative Examples 7 and 8, and examples in which a branched alkylamine is used in place of the linear alkylamine are compared in Comparative Examples 11 and 12. Show.
[0064]
Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, Example 2 and Comparative Example 4, Example 3 and Comparative Example 5, Examples 4, 5 and 6, Comparative Example 6, Example 7 and Comparative Example 9, and Comparative Example 8 When each of Example 10 is compared, when a test oil containing a linear alkylamine having a relatively large carbon number in addition to fatty acid, acidic phosphate ester or alkylammonium salt thereof, or phosphite ester is used (Example 1) It can be seen that -8) has less backlash at the time of positioning and can improve the positioning accuracy as compared with the case where the test oil not containing the linear alkylamine is used (Comparative Examples 3-6, 9 and 10).
[0065]
On the other hand, it can be seen from comparison between Comparative Examples 1 and 7 and Comparative Examples 2 and 8 that the linear alkylamine alone does not improve positioning accuracy.
[0066]
Further, from comparison between Comparative Examples 6 and 11 and 12, it can be seen that the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained even when a branched alkylamine such as 2-ethylhexylamine or tertiary C 16-22 alkylamine is used. .

Claims (8)

工作機械又は射出成形機の案内面を潤滑する方法であって、
（ａ）鉱物系潤滑油、植物油系潤滑油及び合成潤滑油から選ばれた少なくとも１種類の潤滑油からなる基油、
（ｂ）上記基油（ａ）に対し、０．０５〜１０．０重量％の下記式（１）〜（５）で示される化合物から選ばれた少なくとも１種類の摩擦低減剤、及び
[( Ｒ １ Ｏ ) ｎ Ｐ ( ＝Ｏ )( Ｏ − ) （３−ｎ） ][ Ｒ ２ ｍ Ｈ （４−ｍ） Ｎ ＋ ] （３−ｎ） （１）
[( Ｒ １ Ｏ ) ｎ Ｐ ( ＝Ｏ )( Ｏ − ) （３−ｎ） ][ Ｒ ２ ｍ Ｒ ３ （３−ｍ） ＨＮ ＋ ] （３−ｎ） （２）
Ｒ５Ｃ(＝Ｏ)ＯＨ （３）
Ｒ６Ｃ(＝Ｏ)Ｎ（ＣＨ３）ＣＨ２Ｃ(＝Ｏ)ＯＨ （４）
Ｒ７(ＯＣＨ２ＣＨ２)ｐＯＣＨ２Ｃ(＝Ｏ)ＯＨ （５）
（ｃ）上記摩擦低減剤（ｂ）に対し、０．１〜２０．０重量％の下記式（６）及び（７）で示されるアミンから選ばれた少なくとも１種類の直鎖アルキル又は直鎖アルケニルアミン
Ｒ８ ｍＮＨ（３−ｍ） （６）
Ｒ８Ｒ３ ２Ｎ （７）
（但し、式中、ｎは１又は２の整数、ｍは１〜３の整数、ｐは１〜１０の整数、Ｒ１は炭素数４〜２２のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基、ポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキル基、又はポリオキシエチレンを１〜１０モル付加したアルキルアリール基、Ｒ２は炭素数４〜２２のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、又は炭素数６〜２４のアルキルアリール基、Ｒ３はメチル又はエチル基、Ｒ５は炭素数７〜２３のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、又は炭素数７〜２３の硫化アルキル基、Ｒ６は炭素数１１〜１８のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、Ｒ７は炭素数８〜１８のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、Ｒ８は炭素数８〜２２の直鎖アルキル基もしくは直鎖アルケニル基。但し、Ｒ２が直鎖のアルキル基の場合はＲ８はＲ２よりも大きな炭素数の直鎖アルキル基）からなる潤滑油組成物を用いて上記案内面を潤滑する方法。A method of lubricating a guide surface of a machine tool or an injection molding machine,
(A) a base oil comprising at least one lubricating oil selected from mineral-based lubricating oils, vegetable oil-based lubricating oils and synthetic lubricating oils;
(B) at least one friction reducing agent selected from 0.05 to 10.0% by weight of compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (5) with respect to the base oil (a), and
[(R 1 O) n P (= O) (O -) (3-n)] [R 2 m H (4-m) N +] (3-n) (1)
[(R 1 O) n P (= O) (O -) (3-n)] [R 2 m R 3 (3-m) HN +] (3-n) (2)
R 5 C (═O) OH (3)
R 6 C (═O) N (CH 3 ) CH 2 C (═O) OH (4)
R 7 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OCH 2 C (═O) OH (5)
(C) At least one linear alkyl or linear chain selected from 0.1 to 20.0% by weight of an amine represented by the following formulas (6) and (7) with respect to the friction reducing agent (b) Alkenylamine R 8 m NH (3-m) (6)
R 8 R 3 2 N (7)
(In the formula, n is an integer of 1 or 2, m is an integer of 1 to 3, p is an integer of 1 to 10, R 1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and 6 to 24 carbon atoms. An alkylaryl group in which 1 to 10 mol of polyoxyethylene is added, an alkylaryl group in which 1 to 10 mol of polyoxyethylene is added, R 2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms , or carbon An alkylaryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, R 3 is a methyl or ethyl group, R 5 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 7 to 23 carbon atoms , or a sulfurized alkyl group having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, and R 6 is an alkyl group having 11 to 11 carbon atoms. 18 alkyl or alkenyl group, R 7 is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R 8 is a linear alkyl group or linear alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Method and, if R 2 is a straight-chain alkyl group R 8 may be lubricated with the guide surface with a lubricating oil composition comprising a major linear alkyl group having a carbon number) than R 2. 上記摩擦低減剤（ｂ）が上記基油（ａ）に対し、０．１〜５．０重量％である請求項１記載の方法。  The method according to claim 1, wherein the friction reducing agent (b) is 0.1 to 5.0% by weight based on the base oil (a). 上記直鎖アルキル又は直鎖アルケニルアミン（ｃ）が上記摩擦低減剤（ｂ）に対し、１〜１０重量％である請求項１又は２記載の方法。The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the linear alkyl or linear alkenylamine (c) is 1 to 10% by weight based on the friction reducing agent (b). 上記式（１）及び（２）で示される化合物が、ブチル酸性燐酸エステル、ヘキシル酸性燐酸エステル、オクチル酸性燐酸エステル、２−エチルヘキシル酸性燐酸エステル、イソデシル酸性燐酸エステル、ラウリル酸性燐酸エステル、ステアリル酸性燐酸エステル、オレイル酸性燐酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル酸性燐酸エステル及びポリオキシエチレンイソオクチルフェニルエーテル酸性燐酸エステルから選択された酸性燐酸エステルのアルキルアンモニウム塩である請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項記載の方法。  The compounds represented by the above formulas (1) and (2) are butyl acid phosphate, hexyl acid phosphate, octyl acid phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate, isodecyl acid phosphate, lauryl acid phosphate, stearyl acid phosphate 4. An alkyl ammonium salt of an acidic phosphate selected from an ester, an oleyl acidic phosphate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether acidic phosphate and a polyoxyethylene isooctyl phenyl ether acidic phosphate. the method of. 上記式（１）及び（２）で示される化合物が、ブチルアミン、ジブチルアミン、オクチルアミン、トリオクチルアミン、２−エチルヘキシルアミン、ジ−２−エチルヘキシルアミン、ｔ−アルキルアミン（式 Ｒa Ｒb Ｒc ＣＮＨ２ で示されるアミンであって、Ｒa 、Ｒb 、Ｒc は、アルキル基であり、Ｒa 、Ｒb 及びＲcの炭素数の合計は３〜２５の範囲である）、イソトリデシルアミン、ジイソトリデシルアミン、トリデシルアミン、ジトリデシルアミン、ジメチルオクチルアミン、又はジフェニルアミンで中和することにより得られるものである請求項４記載の方法。The compounds represented by the above formulas (1) and (2) are butylamine, dibutylamine, octylamine, trioctylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, di-2-ethylhexylamine, t-alkylamine (formula Ra Rb Rc CNH 2 Wherein Ra, Rb and Rc are alkyl groups, and the total number of carbon atoms of Ra, Rb and Rc is in the range of 3 to 25), isotridecylamine, diisotridecylamine, The method according to claim 4, which is obtained by neutralization with tridecylamine, ditridecylamine, dimethyloctylamine or diphenylamine. 上記式（３）〜（５）で示される化合物が、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、エルカ酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸及び硫化オレイン酸である脂肪酸類、ラウロイルサルコシン、ミリストイルサルコシン、パルミトイルサルコシン及びオレオイルサルコシンであるＮ−アシルサルコシン類、並びにポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルカルボン酸、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテルカルボン酸及びポリオキシエチレン牛脂エーテルカルボン酸であるアルキルエーテルカルボン酸類から選択されるものである請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項記載の方法。  Fatty acids in which the compounds represented by the above formulas (3) to (5) are capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and sulfurized oleic acid, N-acyl sarcosines which are lauroyl sarcosine, myristoyl sarcosine, palmitoyl sarcosine and oleoyl sarcosine, and alkyl ether carboxylic acids which are polyoxyethylene lauryl ether carboxylic acid, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether carboxylic acid and polyoxyethylene tallow ether carboxylic acid The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is selected from: 上記直鎖アルキル又は直鎖アルケニルアミン（ｃ）が、オクチルアミン、ジオクチルアミン、トリオクチルアミン、ラウリルアミン、ミリスチルアミン、パルミチルアミン、ステアリルアミン、オレイルアミン、ジオレイルアミン、ジステアリルアミン、ジメチルステアリルアミン、ジメチルオレイルアミン及びジメチルココナッツアミンから選択されるものである請求項１乃至６のいずれか１項記載の方法。The linear alkyl or linear alkenylamine (c) is octylamine, dioctylamine, trioctylamine, laurylamine, myristylamine, palmitylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, dioleylamine, distearylamine, dimethylstearylamine, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method is selected from dimethyloleylamine and dimethylcoconutamine. 工作機械または射出成形機の案内面を潤滑するための請求項１乃至７のいずれか１項記載の潤滑油組成物の使用方法。The method for using a lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, for lubricating a guide surface of a machine tool or an injection molding machine.
JP27518594A 1994-11-09 1994-11-09 Lubricating oil composition Expired - Lifetime JP4142115B2 (en)

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AT95202994T ATE339489T1 (en) 1994-11-09 1995-11-06 METHOD FOR LUBRICATION OF SLIDING GUIDES
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