JP4091440B2 - 混合および反応に利用するフラクタル装置 - Google Patents
混合および反応に利用するフラクタル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4091440B2 JP4091440B2 JP2002589123A JP2002589123A JP4091440B2 JP 4091440 B2 JP4091440 B2 JP 4091440B2 JP 2002589123 A JP2002589123 A JP 2002589123A JP 2002589123 A JP2002589123 A JP 2002589123A JP 4091440 B2 JP4091440 B2 JP 4091440B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
- F28F9/0275—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple branch pipes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/41—Mixers of the fractal type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/7182—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer with means for feeding the material with a fractal or tree-type distribution in a surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0278—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of stacked distribution plates or perforated plates arranged over end plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00015—Scale-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00889—Mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0052—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for mixers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
本発明は混合装置および反応装置に関する。特に、本発明は多相の環境と同様に単相の環境でも用途が見出される。
積に応じた混合はせず、従って本発明はフラクタル混合にいくつかの新規で実用的な工業用の可能性をもたらす。本新規な構造の流体のスケーリングまたは混合は、面積(体積ではなく)に出て行ったり交差したりする流れにとって適切でありかつまた空間充填フラクタル構成ではない方法で行われる。我々は、上記の異なる方法を利用できる有用な用途を数多く見出した。重要な例は、流通管への取り付けを介する本装置の利用である。本例は流体混合および反応に向けた単純かつ効率的な管の流れを可能にする。上記方法での本構造の利用が有益なのは、この利用が現行の処理技術への組み込みを容易にするからである。別の工業上有用な用途は、流体が容器に入る直前に均質的に混合されるよう装置を容器の側面に取り付けることである。もう一つの有用な用途は、続く燃焼への利用に向け均質的に混合されるガスの面を設けることである。
1.2種以上の流体を高速で混合する工程
2.温度を制御しつつ2種以上の流体を混合する工程
3.2種以上の流体を混合し反応させる工程
4.温度を制御しつつ2種以上の流体を混合し反応させる工程
5.装置外部での後続の反応を均質にする2種以上の流体を混合する工程
本発明の用途が見出される更なる環境には以下のものが含まれる。
1.液‐液ミキサ(liquid‐liquid mixer)
2.気相‐気相ミキサ(gas‐gas mixer)
3.気液ミキサ(gas‐liquid mixer)
4.液‐液リアクタ(liquid‐liquid reactor)
5.気液リアクタ(gas‐liquid reactor)
6.気相‐気相リアクタ(gas‐gas reactor)
7.通気装置(aerator)
8.炭酸飽和装置(carbonator)
9.燃焼前に流体を混合する工程
本発明を用いることにより、2種以上の流体は機械的な混合装置を使わずに均質に高速で混合可能である。乱流を誘発する機械的な混合装置、例えばインペラや混合機や噴流装置などは利用されない。従って、混合が大規模に不均質になることは回避される。混合処理での大規模な渦は化学反応の生産高を減少させる恐れがある。本装置は混合処理の大規模な渦を排除する。機械的な混合を避けることで、使用するエネルギー量も低減できる。通常の混合処理は最も一般的にはエネルギーを無駄にすることにつながるが、これは混合処理に引き起こされた大規模な乱流は最終的に熱として放散されることが避けられないからである。本発明の装置は大規模な乱流すなわち渦を形成しないので、エネルギーを無駄にするほど大規模な運動は放散されない。
な価値を高める固有の幾何学的な変動性がもたらされることが当業者には理解される。可変の幾可学的形状がフラクタルにとって望ましい1つの理由は、流体が入っている容器や流体が出て行く受け入れ装置の対応する幾可学的形状により、本装置は幾可学的形状の制約を要求される為である。可変の幾可学的形状のもう一つの理由は、職人が圧力低下などの水理特性を制御できるようにする為である。
我々は、偏倚型フラクタルが出て行く領域は平面である必要はないことを確認した。フ
ラクタルは曲面やむらのある面に出て行くことも可能である。この点は、例えば、目的の容器が湾曲した形状や不規則な形状の場合に有用である。上記の場合、容器の曲面が混合装置の出口面の相補的な湾曲部に一致することは有用である。
我々は、独立した流れ同士の間で圧力の変動がある操作の事象や、特定の流れが時間的に遮断される事象においては、1つの流体が異なる流体の分配フラクタルを逆流するのを避けるためにチャネルに逆止め弁を設けることが有用であることを確認した。
注目されるのは、本発明の実現に特定の製造方法は必要ないことである。コンピュータ支援の機械加工、立体のリソグラフィ、光化学のエッチング、レーザー切断、成形、微細加工、ナノテクノロジー、イオン蒸着、コンジット構成技術は、上記の装置の構築に適切な方法の一部である。
小規模の構造を構成する能力を改善する将来の製造技術も上記装置の構成に有用であることが理解される。
Claims (8)
- 少なくとも2種の流体を混合する構造体であって、少なくとも2種の同一形状をなす流体輸送フラクタルを有し、各フラクタルは流体の入口から分岐されて複数の流体の出口に至り、前記フラクタルは互いに偏倚するように配設され、各フラクタル内を他のフラクタルとは別の流れが通過し、偏倚する複数の流体輸送フラクタルの流体の出口は均一に分散するよう配置され、流体輸送フラクタルの少なくとも一部が容器内に配置され、この容器内の流体輸送フラクタルの外面を熱交換のための流体が通過する構造体。
- 少なくとも2種の流体を混合する構造体であって、第1流体輸送フラクタル及び第2流体輸送フラクタルの少なくとも2つの同一形状をなす流体輸送フラクタルを有し、各フラクタルは流体の入口から分岐されて複数の流体の出口に至り、前記フラクタルは互いに偏倚するように配設され、各フラクタル内を他のフラクタルとは別の流れが通過し、一つの第1流体輸送フラクタルの出口と一つの第2流体輸送フラクタルの出口とは融合流路を介して連結され、該流路は前記一つの第1流体輸送フラクタルの出口からの流体及び一つの第2流体輸送フラクタルの出口を除く出口からの流体に対しては遮断され、第1流体輸送フラクタルの出口からの流体が第2流体輸送フラクタルの出口からの流体と混合される構造体。
- 前記融合流路を複数本備え、融合流路はそれぞれ第1流体輸送フラクタルの出口と第2流体輸送フラクタルの出口とを連結する請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 前記複数本の融合流路は互いに連結され、一本の流体流路を形成する請求項3に記載の構造体。
- 前記一本の流体流路を形成するための連結は、融合流路をフラクタル状に配置してなされ、このフラクタル状の配置構成において流体は小さなスケールの端から大きなスケールの端に向かって流れる請求項4に記載の構造体。
- 流体輸送フラクタルの少なくとも一部が容器内に配置され、この容器内の流体輸送フラクタルの外面を熱交換のための流体が通過する請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 流体輸送フラクタルの少なくとも一部が容器内に配置され、この容器により支持構造物に取り付けられる請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 前記構造体の1個の出口に対して各融合流路からの流体を流す接触流路が、融合流路に連結される請求項2乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の構造体。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29176901P | 2001-05-17 | 2001-05-17 | |
PCT/US2002/016007 WO2002092207A1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-17 | Fractal device for mixing and reactor applications |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004530547A JP2004530547A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
JP2004530547A5 JP2004530547A5 (ja) | 2007-05-31 |
JP4091440B2 true JP4091440B2 (ja) | 2008-05-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002589123A Expired - Lifetime JP4091440B2 (ja) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-17 | 混合および反応に利用するフラクタル装置 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6742924B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1392419B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4091440B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE534457T1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1392419T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2378144T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1392419E (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2288028C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002092207A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200300297B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (40)
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DE102004043362A1 (de) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-09 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Flüssigkeitsverteiler und Flüssigkeitssammler für Chromatographiesäulen |
GB0606890D0 (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2006-05-17 | Imp College Innovations Ltd | Fluid flow modification apparatus |
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- 2002-05-17 DK DK02731880.7T patent/DK1392419T3/da active
- 2002-05-17 WO PCT/US2002/016007 patent/WO2002092207A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-05-17 AT AT02731880T patent/ATE534457T1/de active
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- 2002-05-17 US US10/151,052 patent/US6742924B2/en not_active Ceased
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WO2002092207A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
PT1392419E (pt) | 2012-03-06 |
USRE42882E1 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
EP1392419A4 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
US20040213084A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
JP2004530547A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
EP1392419A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
RU2003131974A (ru) | 2005-04-10 |
ATE534457T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
US20020196706A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 |
DK1392419T3 (da) | 2012-03-12 |
US6742924B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 |
ES2378144T3 (es) | 2012-04-09 |
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