JP4087794B2 - Groove cutting method and machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Trenching apparatus comprises a cutting device (23), preferably an endless chain cutter, mounted on a prime mover (21) for positioning the cutting device in a trench (18) with the prime mover movable on the ground surface (22) above the level of the trench. Where the cutting device is a chain cutter, the boom projects forwardly and downwardly relative to the direction of cutting the trench, and drive means are arranged to drive the chain in a direction to carry the cutting elements upwardly around the distal end of the boom and rearwardly along the upper run (30) of the endless chain cutter (23). In operation the distal end of the chain cutter (23) is positioned against the end face of the trench at the bottom of the trench (18); the prime mover (21) moves the chain cutter forwardly in the trench while operating the chain cutter, so as to produce an undercut (55) in the end face (54) of the trench; and the lifting means (25) lifts the cutting device (23) upwardly from the undercut through the material of the end face so as to cut material from the end face of the trench.

Description

The present invention relates to a groove cutting method and a groove cutting machine. Both of these methods and machines are particularly applicable for excavating grooves in rock, but are not limited to excavating grooves in rock.

  Many groove-cutting machines are known which cut grooves in the soil using a driving prime mover body that places the cutting device in the groove on the boom, such as a crawler tractor or a conventional tractor that pulls a trailer. Major examples include an open rotor rotating around an axis perpendicular to the groove, known as a ripper cutter, or aligned along the entire length of the boom, commonly known as a milling cutter. One or more drilling rotors that rotate about an axis, or a plurality of cutting elements, known as chain cutters, with long endless support means wrapped around the upper and lower runs of the boom An excavating machine is mentioned. When using the cut-off rotor, the cut-off rotor is attached to the end of the boom that protrudes forward and downward from the driving vehicle body with reference to the groove-cutting direction. When a chain cutter is used, it is usually attached to a boom that extends downward and rearward from the driving vehicle body with reference to the groove cutting direction. In such an arrangement, the elongate support member moves in a direction such that the excavation element moves down and around the end of the boom and along the lower run of the elongate support member upward and forward. Usually, in all such types of groove cutters, a stationary device is provided to raise and lower the end of the cutter boom in order to change the height of the groove. Examples of such grooving machines are found, for example, in CH-A-239498 (Entreprise de Grands Travaux SA) and WO 95/13433 (Mastenbroek & Company Limited).

  All of these types of groovers are generally satisfactory for digging grooves under normal soil conditions, but do not dig grooves in rocks or other hard rock soil materials. Not suitable for. In order to cut a groove in a hard rock, a labor-intensive method using impact / vibration tools and explosives is generally employed.

  In other technologies not related to groove cutting, tunnel excavating machines are known that excavate tunnels in rocks, but in these machines, the excavating rotor, known as a ball cutter, projects the boom forward from the driving vehicle body. Thus, the boom can be moved in the vertical plane by pivoting it with a driving motor vehicle body. When the cut rotor is in use, it is lowered to the floor of the tunnel, the driving motor vehicle moves forward, and the cut rotor engages with the end face of the tunnel on the floor to generate an undercut. The excavation boom is then pivoted upward by the hydraulic ram, so that the excavator rotor or rotors are pulled upward to excise the rock soil from the end face of the tunnel. The excavation boom is raised by applying a force between the excavation boom and the tunnel floor. In one variation of such an apparatus, one type of equipment used to mine coal or soft stone, for example, that wraps around an upper run and a lower run along the open boom and around the end of the open boom. A chain cutter is provided. In such machines, the endless mobile support means carrying the cutter is such that the cutter moves upward about the end of the boom and moves backward along the upper run of the mobile support member. Driven. Examples of these two types of tunnel excavators are the leaflets issued in 1982 by Hawker Sidley Dosco Overseas Engineering Limited under the titles of DOSCO 1982 "The Twin Boom TB600" and DOSCO 1982 "Mark II Heavy Duty Dintheader". Found.

  In addition to this prior art, a machine for cutting grooves in rocks using a ripper cutter is disclosed in EP-A-0080802 (Wallace). EP-A-0080802 further discloses a known groove-cutting machine comprising a giant chainsaw equipped with tungsten carbide teeth mounted on a crawler chassis and literally sawing rock. Admit as. However, this machine has the disadvantage that large recoils occur along the saw, especially when cutting hard rock, so that the cutting efficiency is reduced. Such a problem mainly arises because the length of the cut-out arm is long and not supported. Furthermore, in European Patent Application No. 0080802, a ball excavating machine as described in tunnel excavation is discussed, but another rock excavation machine is known for frontal mining operations, and such a machine is It is mentioned that it comprises a rotatable cutting head carried at the end of the boom pivotally mounted on the crawler chassis. However, these known machines cannot be used for groove cutting and have the same vibration problem because the boom carrying the cutting head is long and unsupported.

  In European Patent Application No. 0080802, a pivoted boom having a cutting head rotatable at the end and a barrel type extending between a movable work platform and a boom end adjacent to the cutting head. In a machine that cuts a groove in a rock having a control arm, the lens barrel control arm is a hydraulically actuable ram having a function of moving the cutting head on an arcuate path around the pivot axis of the boom It is mentioned that such difficulties can be overcome by providing the open-cutting machine. The machine is operated by a hydraulic ram that applies a force, mostly vertical component, to the cutting head. During operation, the machine is placed across the groove centerline and the boom is lowered until it contacts the ground. The excavation head rotates, and a force is applied by the hydraulic ram in the process, thus moving the excavation head downward through the arcuate path and removing the rock from the front end of the groove. The conveyor is placed on the floor of the groove, and the cut material is conveyed and removed. The boom is then raised and the machine moved forward, after which the process is repeated repeatedly.

  The vibration and recoil / repellency problems associated with relatively long booms are said to be avoided. The reason for this is that the position of the ram connected to the boom adjacent to the cutting head increases the stability of the cutting head, so that no ram is installed and the cutting force is applied by a long boom. This is because the problem of vibration and recoil / repulsion is eliminated. Since the control arm applies the necessary load on the cutting head and the distance between the cutting head and the support point is relatively short, it is said that most of the problems associated with the recoil / repulsion of the cutting head are avoided.

  However, this type of machine has the disadvantage that, as pointed out in EP 0080802, the machine tends to be lifted away from the ground by the force applied to the cutting head. . Although it is suggested to carry additional ballasts, it is inevitable that there is a limit to the amount of force that can be applied to move the sculpting head over the arcuate path without lifting the surface mounting components of the device from the ground. It is.

  DE-A-4213523 includes a terminal milling head arranged in a rocking arm and arranged to excavate rock material by rotating about a rotation axis perpendicular to the axis of the arm. A groove cutting machine is disclosed. The arm is connected to the driving driving vehicle body via the boom, and the boom is pivotally attached to a connecting portion between the driving driving vehicle body and the arm. The pivot movement of the boom and arm is performed by a hydraulic cylinder. Operating this machine is to generate an undercut by placing the milling head at the base of the groove and advancing the milling head forward with respect to the groove opening direction. Next, the milling head is lifted to the top of the groove by the operation of a hydraulic cylinder that controls the shaft rotation of the arm and boom, and then the milling head is lowered to the bottom of the groove, and this procedure is repeated and repeated.

The movable milling loader has a receiving container for receiving the excavated soil material. The plate-shaped support element can be swung fully on the side of the arm or receiving container and can be supported longitudinally with respect to the cut wall. These support elements can be swung laterally by a double acting hydraulic cylinder. Such a support element has the function of providing lateral support and is said to be able to be arranged in an actuating head or arm. Lateral support and lateral guide for the working head or the arm carrying the working head is considered possible for the cut wall surface during milling loader operation.
European Patent Application Publication No. 0080802 German Patent Application No. 4213523 DOSCO 1982 "The Twin Boom TB600" Leaflet issued by Hawker Sidley Dosco Overseas Engineering Limited DOSCO 1982 "Mark II Heavy Duty Dintheader" Leaflet issued by Hawker Sidley Dosco Overseas Engineering Limited

  One object of the present invention is to provide a grooving machine in which the problems outlined above are avoided or reduced.

  In accordance with the present invention, a cleaving device attached to a driving prime mover movable on the ground surface above the groove is placed in the groove--the cleaving device includes a pivoted cleaving boom; Place the chamfering device against the end face of the groove below the surface level, engage the end face of the groove with the chamfering device, and then operate and operate the chamfering device to form an undercut in the end face of the groove Moving the boom up in a plane that is substantially perpendicular from the undercut to the top of the groove by advancing lift between the boom and the ground surface above the groove. Pulling and then operating and operating the excavation device in such an upward movement process to excavate rock material from the end face of the groove; in the groove excavation method, the lateral component of the apparatus in the upward movement process of the boom On both sides And applying a further upward force acting on the boom between the side component and the boom in the process of upward cutting movement of the chamfering device while engaging the side component and both sides of the groove. The groove cutting method is provided.

  Where features of the present invention are described in detail herein with respect to a method according to the invention, it is understood that such features can also be obtained with respect to a device according to the invention and vice versa. It should be.

  Specifically, according to the present invention, a driving motor vehicle body; a cutting device including a pivoted cutting boom; a cutting device is attached to the driving motor vehicle body, and the cutting device is mounted on the ground surface above the level of the groove. Mounting means for placing in a groove using a movable drive motor body—note that the excavation device is arranged to engage the end face of the groove and excavate the rock material from the end face of the groove—; While operating the device in open-cut engagement with the end face of the groove, an upward force is applied between the boom and the ground surface above the groove to reach the top of the groove upward from the undercut at the end face of the bottom face of the groove. And a lifting means arranged to lift the boom in a substantially vertical plane; and a side surface adapted to engage both sides of the groove during the upward movement of the boom Constituents and side constituents A side component arranged to apply a further upward force acting between the side component and the boom in the course of upward movement of the cutting device while engaging the both sides of the cutting device. A groove-cutting device is provided, characterized in that it comprises a power-driven connecting device for connecting to a cutting boom.

  According to the method of the present invention, in the process of upward cutting, the force acting between the cutting device and the ground surface is limited only by the generated force and the lowering of the cutting device. As in the prior art, where the cutting is performed in the stroke, the advantage is that the components of the groove-cutting device are potentially not limited by rising from the ground. It is not necessary to add a large weight to the side of the cutting machine to which the pulling means is attached, as is the case when the pulling means presses the cutting device downward during the cutting stroke.

  A number of preferred features of the invention will now be described. Preferably, in the step of generating the undercut, the excavation device is placed so that its end surface is engaged substantially at the bottom surface of the groove. Preferably, the excavation device is attached to a pivoted boom that extends forward with respect to the groove-cutting direction, and the pulling step is an arcuate path defined and defined by the pivoting motion of the boom. It is executed by moving the cutting device along In such an arrangement, the step of pulling the excavator upward is performed by applying a constant force in the forward direction along the groove between the excavator and the ground area away from the boom pivot axis. It is preferable to do. Also preferably, the step of lifting the excavator upward is performed by applying a constant force between the excavator and the ground surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the boom axis, and The process of lifting the device upward is performed by applying a constant force to the boom end. Preferably, the step of lifting the chamfering device upward is performed by applying a constant force in a direction inclined to the face of the circle in the forward direction with respect to the groove cutting direction. Such an arrangement adds to the stability of the excavator and makes it possible to most effectively utilize the upward force applied to the excavator.

  A number of different excavation devices can be used in the various embodiments of the present invention, but the process of excavating rock material from the end face of the groove involves the upper run and lower part of the vertically long endless support means wrapped around the boom. It is particularly preferred that it is carried out by moving a plurality of cutting elements along the run, in which case such a cutting element is at the end of the cutting boom, the element being around the end of the cutting boom relative to the groove cutting direction. It is driven so as to move upward and in a backward direction along the upper run. Such an arrangement allows the chamfer element to engage with the undercut in a direction that is upward and rearward at the end of the boom, thus cooperating with the pulling force so that the chamfered teeth are in open engagement with the rock material. Particularly advantageous. In the case of hard rocks, this arrangement enables an effective excavation action, in which the movement of the excavation element cooperates with the upward movement of the pulling means and the forward movement of the driving body in the excavation process. Also, the upper run of the elongated endless support means is effective for conveying the cut material, so there is no need to provide a separate endless conveyor or other means to remove the cut material from the groove. However, such an additional conveyor may be provided on the back of the chain cutter depending on the situation.

  In another arrangement, the excavation device comprises an excavation rotor mounted at the end of the boom, and the step of excavating the rock material from the end face of the groove is centered on an axis centered and aligned perpendicular to the direction of the groove. This is accomplished by rotating the excavating rotor as described above or by rotating the excavating rotor about an axis that is entirely centered and aligned along the length of the boom.

  In a preferred form, such an arrangement of devices may be arranged so that the lifting means has a power stroke upwards and a return stroke downwards, so that the force in the power stroke is greater than in the return stroke.

The excavation machine includes a moving base that is arranged forwardly away from the drive prime mover and is connected to the drive prime mover so as to move together with the drive prime mover. It is preferable that the pulling force is applied between the device and the driving driving vehicle body and / or the moving table. In a particularly preferred form, the carriage unit is connected to the driving vehicle body by a framework, and the lifting means is a pivoted arm that is pivotally attached to and extends forward of the driving vehicle body, and is pivoted at one end. A pivoted coupling device connected to the front end of the arm and the other end to the beam of the excavator and a lift connected between the intermediate position of both ends of the arm and the intermediate position of both ends of the framework Power supply . Preferably, the lifting means includes a hydraulic ram.

According to one particularly preferred feature of the invention, the machine comprises control means programmed to execute a predetermined operating cycle consisting of the following operations:
(I) the attachment means is placed in contact with the end face of the groove on the bottom surface of the groove;
(Ii) The driving prime mover moves and advances the cutting device forward by a predetermined distance in the groove while operating and operating the cutting device to generate an undercut at the end face of the groove;
(Iii) The lifting means pulls the cutting device upward from the undercut through the rock material while operating and operating the cutting device;
(Iv) the driving prime mover moves the retreating device backward and forward by a predetermined distance;
(v) the lifting means lowers the excavator to the bottom of the groove; and
(vi) Repeat and repeat the process described above.

  The base unit may consist of a structural part mounted on a skid that slides on the ground when propelled forward by the driving prime mover. In other arrangements, this base may be mounted on a wheel or possibly a second arrangement arranged to cooperate with the first drive prime mover body in moving the severing device along the groove. It may be mounted on the drive motor body.

  Several embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 and 2 show one of the known groove-cutting machines for cutting grooves in rocks, as described in EP-A-0080802. The two crawler chassis 3 and 5 are connected to each other by tie bars 7 and the rear crawler 3 has a cutting boom 2 pivoted at 6. The front end of the boom 2 has a cutting rotor 7 that is driven to rotate about an axis that is perpendicular to the groove to be cut. The front end of the boom 2 is connected to the front crawler 5 by a barrel control arm 8. The control arm 8 comprises a hydraulic ram and a barrel-type extension sleeve connected to the boom 2 by a joint 9. In operation, the excavation machine is placed across the groove line and the boom 2 is lowered until it contacts the ground. The excavation head 7 is rotated while applying a force by the hydraulic ram 8, and as a result, the excavation head 7 is moved downward on the arcuate path to remove rocks from the front end of the groove. The endless chain conveyor 4 is placed behind the excavation rotor 7 and carries out the excavation waste soil. Next, the boom 2 is raised, the excavation machine is advanced, and then this process is repeated.

  In this excavation machine, there is a disadvantage that the force applied to the excavation head 7 pulls up the front crawler 5 to release the contact with the ground surface. In an attempt to address this problem, first, the hydraulic ram 8 is mounted on a heavy independent crawler chassis 5, and secondly an additional ballast is installed on either one of the front and rear crawlers 5 and 3 or two. What is necessary is just to carry with one.

  3 to 4, a groove cutting machine embodying the present invention is shown. Overall, the components of embodiments of the present invention that are known in the art are those described and described in the aforementioned European Patent Application No. 0080802, which are specifically described in the illustrated machine. In light of the characteristics of the present invention, the present invention is modified as necessary. Referring first to FIG. 3, a groove cutting machine that cuts a groove in a rock or the like includes a base unit composed of a first driving vehicle body 21 having a cab 35 and a second driving vehicle body having no cab. And have. Each driving motor vehicle body is composed of a crawler chassis that moves on the ground surface 22. The excavation device generally indicated by 23 is attached to the drive motor vehicle body 21 by attachment means indicated generally by 24. The pulling means generally indicated by 25 is connected to the excavation device 23 at the end region of the excavation device 23. The mobile base unit 26 is connected to the driving motor vehicle body 21 by a framework 27. The overall operation and operation of the excavation machine is controlled by a control means that is installed in the cab 35 of the drive vehicle body 21 and is schematically shown by 34.

  Considering now the detailed configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the excavation device 23 includes an elongated endless support means 28, such as a chain, carrying the excavation teeth 29, as shown in detail in FIG. 3a. Including an endless chain cutter. The chain 28 is wound on the boom 32 along the upper and lower runs 30 and 31. The open teeth 29 pass around the pulley 33 at the end of the boom 32. Such an element 29 is driven by an upper pulley 49, the direction of which is the direction in which the excavating element is moved upwards about the end of the boom at the end of the boom 32 and the planned forward movement direction of the driving vehicle body 21-FIG. 3 is a direction of moving backward along the upper run with reference to the direction X. FIG. 3 a shows the details when the teeth 29 are attached to the end of the boom 32 and the endless support means 28. The chain cutter 23 is driven by, for example, drive means including a hydraulic drive motor and an upper drive pulley 49 mounted inside or on the drive driving vehicle body 21. In general, the excavation device 23 may be a chain cutter as shown in the previously published WO 95/13433. However, the chain cutter shown in this publication is driven and moved in a direction opposite to the direction in the embodiment of the present invention. As a result, the tooth alignment direction is reversed in the publication.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the attachment means 24 for attaching the boom 32 to the drive primed vehicle body 21 attaches the pivot shaft 33 </ b> A between two attachment members attached to the main framework of the drive primed vehicle body 21. It consists of The pulling means 25 includes a pivot arm 59 that is pivotally supported by the drive driving vehicle body 21 at the pivot 61 and extends in the forward direction. The pivot connection device 59A is coupled at one end to the front end of the pivot arm 59 and at the other end to the beam 32 of the cutting device. A pulling power source composed of the hydraulic ram 40 is connected between the arm 59 and the framework 27. The ram 40 is connected to the framework at one point between the two ends of the arm 59 and at one point between the ends of the arm and the framework 27. The drive piston 43 (FIG. 3 b) extends downward from the ram 40 and is connected to the framework 27 at the pivot 44. In FIG. 3, the excavation device 23 is shown at the base of the groove, which is at a lower position, and in FIG.

  In FIGS. 3 and 3a, yet another optional component assembly is shown for use in establishing pivoting of the dig boom 32. FIG. Attached to the excavating boom 32 is a side pressure assembly as indicated generally at 80. The main component is a lateral hydraulic ram that extends across a groove, generally indicated at 81, that is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the drive prime vehicle body 21. At each end of the hydraulic ram 81, there is a circular pressure plate 83 that leans against the inner side surface of the groove. In the lifting process of the cutting cycle, the hydraulic ram 81 is expanded, and the pressing plate 83 is pressed outward in contact with both side surfaces of the groove.

  The pressing plate 83 is connected to the boom 32 by a second clamp ram 85 and a support 84 including the ram. The column 84 is pivotally supported between the first clamp ram 81 and the pivot point 86 of the boom 32. The second clamp ram 85 is pivotally supported between an intermediate pivot position at both ends of the column 84 and the pivot 88 of the boom 32. In the process of powering the main ram 40, the clamp ram 84 will expand to stabilize motion and assist in the upward cut arc. While the main ram 40 exerts a certain force upward between the boom 32 and the ground surface 22, the clamp ram 84, on the other hand, is positioned in place by the boom 32 and the side compression plate 83 -expanded ram 81. It will be understood that an upward force acting on the boom 32 is applied to the boom 32.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the excavation device 23 advantageously extends laterally from the pulley 33 at the end of the excavation boom to widen the groove excavated by the excavation chain in addition to the excavation chain 28. Additional drums 46 and 47 are provided. This additional drum is detachable and replaceable, and the width of the groove can be changed by using drums having different widths. FIG. 5 a shows a detailed view of the excavation device 23. Arranged behind the end of the boom 32 is a deflector assembly 48 that collects the waste rock soil excavated by the excavation chain 28 and the expansion drums 46 and 47. The deflector assembly 48 guides the waste rock soil inwardly toward the central region, where the waste rock soil is transported upward and rearward by the chain cutter 23. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 5 a, at the top of the excavating boom 32, the chain cutter 28 passes around the upper pulley 49 and passes the waste rock soil onto the lateral discharge conveyor 50 via the boom discharge hopper 51. It accumulates.

  Next, the operation and operation of this embodiment will be described with particular reference to FIGS. 7a to 7g and also to FIGS. 3 to 5b. Figures 7a to 7g show schematic diagrams of the different stages in the driving and operating cycle. Figures 7a and 7b show the initial stage of starting groove cutting. This may be done as shown, or alternatively may be excised by hand, explosives, percussion (impact) tools, or other means. However, in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the excavator 23 is first lowered to the ground level 22, and then the excavator is operated while applying a downward force. For convenience, this may be done by operating the pulling device 25 described with reference to FIGS. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7b, the starting part of the groove with the arcuate end face 54 is cut. In the process shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the excavation device 23 is operated in the manner described for the known machine according to European Patent Application No. 0080802, i.e. by excavation in the down stroke. Alternatively, the starting hole may be provided by conventional methods such as drilling, jetting, or a lock hammer.

  As shown in FIG. 7c, the next step is to operate the excavator 23 so that the undercut 55 is generated on the end face 54 of the groove while the driving prime mover 21 is driven forward. In the next step, while operating the excavator 23, the pulling means 25 shown in the example of FIG. 3 is operated to pivot the excavator 23 upward from the undercut 55, so that the rock 54 starts from the end face of the groove 54. It is to excavate the soil. This excavation operation is shown in detail in FIG. 5, in which the rock soil 56 excavated from the end face 54 in the process of moving the excavation device 23 upward by the lifting means 25 is illustrated. This operation creates a new end face 54 of the groove, as shown in FIG. 7d, and when this operation is complete, the excavator 23 lowers to the bottom surface 19 of the groove 18 as shown in FIG. 7e. Next, such an operation process is repeated and repeated by operating and operating the cutting device and moving the driving prime mover body forward as shown in FIG. 7f to generate a new undercut 55. Finally, as shown in FIG. 7g, the cutting device 23 is again lifted upward from the undercut 55, and a new end face 54 is cut.

  The main advantage of the above-described embodiment of the present invention is that, in the process of the upward cutting process of the cutting device 23, the force acting between the cutting device 23 and the ground 22 by the movable base 26 is caused by the lifting means 25. As in the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (in which the excavation is carried out in the downward stroke of the excavator), the mobile base 26 is moved from the ground surface only by the force generated. It is not limited by the potential floating up. There is no need to put a heavy weight on the part of the machine to which the lifting means is attached, as is necessary when the lifting means presses the cutting device downward during the cutting process.

  There are additional advantages associated with the undercutting of the undercut 55. Since the cutting area at the end of the cutting device 23 is relatively limited, and the driving prime mover 21 moves forward in the undercut cutting process, the problem of the penetrating operating force on hard rock is a problem during the downward cutting process. Compared to the difficulty of penetrating from above, it is substantially reduced. The reason why such an advantage is obtained is that the number of cutting tools and cutting blades that come into contact with hard rock is limited to the number at the end of the beam. In such an embodiment of the present invention, the power that can be used can be concentrated on few cutting tools, so that the power per tool can be increased.

Referring now to FIGS. 6a and 6b, the block circuit diagram of FIG. 6a and the flow schematic of FIG. 6b will be described. In FIG. 6a, the control means 34 is shown as comprising a microprocessor 90 that receives information from a series of sensors, such as a clamp sensor 91 (predetermined with the clamp assembly in contact with the groove sidewall). A clamp movement sensor 92 (for sensing the degree of movement of the clamp rams 81 and 85); an engine load control sensor 93 (the engine at various stages of the cycle); A cutting depth sensor 94 (for detecting the cutting depth of the cutting device 23); a cutting depth reference sensor 95 (the maximum cutting depth of the cutting machine with reference to the required reference plane); And forward / backward movement sensor 96 (two claws of the driving motor bodies 21 and 26) The) for sensing a movement direction of the chassis is shown as a conceptual view. This microprocessor is also connected to an operator control unit 97 that allows the operator to set requirements for the seven functions of the cutting machine. For example, the seven functions are as follows:
Forward movement Backward movement Maximum cutting depth Minimum cutting depth Groove clamp on / off system on / off manual / auto

  The operation / running of the present cutting machine in a predetermined operation cycle incorporates the program flow of FIG. 6a, and then operates as follows in a normal use application. First, the machine is manually operated and placed in a predetermined position. Next, in order to excavate the first part of the groove in the rock, the excavation boom 32 is lowered and excavated to a predetermined depth, which is manually or prior published international patent application. As in WO95 / 13433, it is determined from a reference signal sent by a laser, for example. Next, automatic operation is selected. In steps 1 and 2, the machine is advanced by a preset distance, but the forward speed is controlled and balanced by load control between the required excavation power and available engine power, thus ensuring maximum performance. The When traveling a preset distance, the forward movement stops and a signal is automatically sent to the pulling cylinder 40. In steps 3 and 4, the pulling cylinder 40 pushes the open machine upward, and the front face of the groove is cut in the process. The speed of this uplift is automatically controlled by the load control and should be balanced against the required cutting power and available engine power, so that such a groove cutting machine is preset. The distance (minimum cutting depth set with reference to the reference plane) can be moved. In steps 5 and 6, the grooving machine reverses by a preset distance. Thereafter, in steps 7 and 8, the cutting cylinder is lowered to a preset depth by the pulling cylinder 40. If the operator wishes to stop, a manual stop decision is entered in step 9. Otherwise, this operation cycle is repeated and repeated from step 1.

  In order to increase the stability in the cutting process in the groove surface, a pressing assembly 80 for pressing between both side surfaces of the groove is added. The control means 34 can be extended to also control the operation of this clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is released and retracted when the chopping boom is lowered and when the chopping machine is retracted, but is squeezed and assisted during the forward movement and upward cutting of the chopping machine. It is automatically activated within the operating procedure of the open-cutting machine. The operation / operation of the open-cutting machine is performed manually or by automatic operation, for example, by a signal such as a wire, wiring or laser arranged in advance. The verticality of the groove can be adjusted by a side tilt system incorporated in the track frame of the open-cut machine.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8, in which the chain cutter shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and the components already described are indicated by the same reference numerals. . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the excavation device 23 includes an excavation boom 32 having a milling cutter 71 attached to and attached to the end thereof. An endless conveyor belt for removing the waste rock soil cut by the milling cutter 71 is attached to the rear surface of the milling cutter 71. In the illustrated embodiment, the mobile base 26 of the excavation machine runs on a track 72. The overall structure and operation of this milling cutter and waste rock soil removal conveyor 73 are described in the prior art document European Patent Application No. 00820802. The overall structure and operation of the pulling means 25 shown in FIG. 8 and the overall operation of this grooving machine are as already described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7 of this patent application. In other arrangement mechanisms, the conveyor 73 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 can be used with the chain cutter shown in FIGS. 3-5b.

  In the above, referring to the drawings, in the method of cutting a groove, the upward opening movement of the cutting device is stabilized by engaging the side surface components of the groove cutting machine with both side surfaces of the groove and the cutting device A method of cutting the groove comprising applying an upward force acting between the side surface component and the cutting device to the cutting device in the process of the upward cutting motion is described. This method includes pressing the side surface component in contact with the side surface of the groove in the course of the upward cutting motion of the cutting device.

  Also, in the above, referring to the drawings, there is a groove cutting machine including a stabilizing assembly extending backward from the cutting device for stabilizing the upward cutting movement of the cutting device, the stabilizing assembly A side component adapted to engage the body with both sides of the groove in the course of the upward cutting movement of the cutting device and the side component connected to the cutting device and in the course of the upward cutting motion of the cutting device The groove-cutting machine has been described and described, characterized in that it comprises a power drive linkage arranged to exert an upward force acting between the element and the cutting device on the cutting device. The illustrated stabilization assembly includes a power-driven lateral component arranged to press the side component against the side of the groove and press outward in the course of the upward opening motion of the cutting device.

Shows a perspective view of a known groove-cutting machine described in European Patent Application No. 0080802; Show details of the excavator of this machine; 1 is a schematic side view of a groove cutting machine using a chain cutter, embodying the present invention; FIG. 4 is a side view of the end of a chain cutter suitable for use in the embodiment of FIG. 3, wherein the side-cutting wheels shown in FIG. 3 have been omitted for clarity; FIG. 3 shows the front end of the machine of FIG. 3 with the excavating boom raised at different operating stages; FIG. 4 is a view of the rear part of the side clamp assembly of the machine according to FIG. 3 as seen in direction A in FIG. 3; Fig. 4 is a schematic end view of the front side of the machine shown in Fig. 3 as seen in direction A in Fig. 3; FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing details of the chain cutter shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 6 is a partial plan view showing the lower end of the chain cutter of FIG. 5 as viewed from direction B of FIG. 5; Fig. 2 is a block circuit diagram of control means programmed to carry out a predetermined operating cycle of the machine; Is a flowchart of the operating cycle; 7a-7g are schematic diagrams showing a sequence of steps in the operation of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 3-6; and FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of yet another embodiment of the present invention in which the excavation device comprises a milling cutter.

Explanation of symbols

2 Opening boom 3 Rear crawler 4 Endless chain conveyor 5 Crawler chassis, Front crawler 7 Tie bar, Opening rotor, Opening head 8 Barrel-type control arm, Hydraulic ram 9 Joint 18 Groove 19 Bottom surface 21 Driving motor vehicle body 22 Ground surface, Ground surface Level 23 Cutting device, chain cutter 24 Mounting means 25 Lifting means, lifting device 26 Mobile base 27 Connecting means 28 Endless support means, cutting chain, chain cutter 29 Cutting element 30 Upper run 31 Lower run 32 Pivoting cutting boom 33 Pulley 33A pivot shaft 34 control means 35 cab 39 crawler chassis 40 hydraulic cylinder, ram 41 pivot 43 drive piston 44 pivot 46, 47 expansion drum 48 deflector assembly 49 upper drive pulley 50 discharge conveyor 51 boom discharge hopper 54 arc-shaped end , Grooves 55 undercut 56 rocks soil 59 support member 59A connection member 80,81,83,84,85,86,87,88,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97 components

Claims (40)

- cutting device is attached to the drive driving the vehicle body (21) is movable over the ground surface (22) than the grooves (23) - the open cutting device (23) comprises a pivoted been cutting boom (32) The process of placing-in the groove,
- to position the said cutting device against the end face of the groove at below the level of the ground surface, the end surface of the groove (54) engaged with said cutting device, and then in the groove while operating and actuating the cutting device step to produce undercut (55) on the end surface of the groove is advanced the cutting device (23), and - by exerting a pulling force between the cutting boom (32) and groove from above the ground surface, pulling step upward from the undercut up to the upper end of the groove in a substantially vertical plane the cutting boom (32);
In a groove drilling method comprising:
- the open cutting step to engage the sides of the groove to the groove cutting machine side component (83) in the course of the upward movement of the boom (32), and - in the course of the upward cutting movement of the cutting device (23) , the open cutting boom another upward force further acting between while engaged with both side surfaces of the side components (83) grooves with the side component (83) and the open cut boom (32) (32) working step ;
Groove digging how to characterized in that it comprises a. Characterized in that it comprises a pressing outwardly to both sides of the groove in the stationary-stationary position with the side component (83) in the course of the direction digging movement over the cutting device (23) The method of claim 1. Grooves by moving a plurality of the cutting elements (29) along the upper and lower runs (30, 31) of the longitudinal endless support means (28) wound around the pivoted cutting boom (32). a method comprising to digging the rock soil from the end surface of the open cutting boom, is and the cutting element (29) that protrudes forward and downward direction relative to the predetermined groove cutting direction, the cutting boom (32) the digging elements (29) at the end of along the upper run (30) relative to the upwardly Further groove digging direction (X) around the end of the open cutting boom driven in such a move backward The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Characterized in that it comprises to cutting a wide groove than the endless support means (28) by further cutting elements added the the cutting device (23), the method described in claim 3. Characterized in that it comprises to cutting a wide groove than the endless support means (28) by operating a pair of cutting drums (46, 47) which, extending transversely from the distal end of the cutting boom (32) The method according to claim 4. The pulling force, characterized in that it comprises a be acting on the cutting boom below ground surface (32) and the method described in any one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 5. Both characterized in that it comprises a exerting on a side surface, the method described in any one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 6 of the said pulling force cutting boom (32). Step of producing the undercut (55) is characterized in that it is performed by causing driven forward in the driving motive vehicle (21) to the ground surface while operating the cutting device (23),請 Motomeko The method described in any one of 1 to 7. The pulling step, the driving driving body (21) on the to be executed by pivoting cutting boom (32) about a pivot axis (33A) at and said undercut (55), said It is generated by forward driving Te Wataru' the driving motive vehicle (21) across the ground by the drive and promote contact with the ground surface (22) in the rear of a location of the pivot axis of the cutting boom (33A) 9. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that It said undercut is produced by driving and promote contact with the ground surface (22) in both the forward position of the rear position and the open cutting boom pivot axis of said cutting boom pivot axis (33A) (33A) The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Wherein in the step of generating the undercut, said cutting device (23) is, you characterized in that it is placed so as to engage the end face (54) at the bottom of the substantially groove (19),請 Motomeko 11. A method as described in any one of 1 to 10 . The pulling step, Ru is performed by the movement of the cutting device (23) along an arcuate path defined, defined by the pivoting of the open cut boom (32), one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 11 A method as described in any one of the above. The work on the cutting device (23) and the digging boom (32) in the forward direction along the power of the groove between the area of remote ground surface from the pivot axis (X), the 請 Motomeko 1 to 12 A method as described in any one of the above. Said cutting device (23) and Ru force comprises exerting the axis substantially perpendicular to the direction of the open cutting boom between the ground surface (22), one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 13 A method as described in one paragraph. The method described in any one of the said lifting force at the end region of the cutting boom (32) Ru comprising exerting on the cutting device,請 Motomeko 1 to 14. Comprising exerting a pulling force on the cutting device in a direction inclined to the vertical in the forward direction grooves digging direction (X) as a reference, in any one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 15 The described method. Ru formed a predetermined operating cycle comprising the following method described in any one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 16; i.e.,
(I) A step of placing the cutting device (23) in contact with the groove end surface (54) on the bottom surface of the groove;
While operating (ii) the cutting device (23), said cutting device by a predetermined distance in the trench by causing driving motive vehicle (21) is advanced over the ground surface (22) and (23) in the forward direction move and thus step of producing an undercut in the end face of the groove;
Step (iii) for pressing outwardly side component (83) to both sides of the groove in the stationary-normal position by the cutting device with fixed against the end face of the groove (54) (23);
(Iv) while operating the cutting device (23), pulled up the open cutting device (23) upwardly from the undercut through the rock soil (56) middle of the end surface process;
(V) a step of opening the side components from the sides of the groove and then retracted;
(Vi) the step of retracting the predetermined distance the cutting device (23) in the groove by moving the drive motive vehicle (21) rearwardly over the ground surface (22);
(vii) Step lowering the cutting device (23); and (viii) repeating - repeating said steps. -Drive motor vehicle body (21);
A cutting device (23) comprising a pivoted cutting boom (32);
- position the said cutting device (23) the cutting device by movable the drive driving the vehicle the ground surface (22) above the level for and grooves attached to the drive driving the vehicle body (21) into the groove mounting means for (24) - It should be noted that the open cutting device (23) is arranged to engage the end face of the groove (54) to excavate a rock soil from the end surface of the groove -; and - the by exerting an upward force between the cutting boom (32) and the groove above the ground surface (22), while operating and actuating the cutting device in cutting engagement with the end face of the groove, the groove bottom surface Lifting means (25) arranged to lift the excavating boom (32) in a plane substantially perpendicular from the undercut (55) inside the end face (54) upward to the upper end of the groove;
A groove cutting machine comprising:
And the side-opening cutting side component (83) which is adapted to engage in the process on both sides of the groove in the upward movement of the boom and the side components (83) connected to the cutting boom (32) component (83) in engagement with both side surfaces of the groove, operates between the cutting device (23) said side components (83) in the course of the upward movement of the open cut boom (32) further the upward force is arranged to exert on the cutting boom (32), groove digging machine you; and a power driven coupling device (84,85,86,87,88). It is arranged so as to press the side surface component (83) outwardly with respect to the course in both side surfaces of the groove in the upward cutting movement of the stretching and and the cutting device (23) between the side components (83) 19. A machine as claimed in claim 18, comprising a power driven lateral component (81). Wherein the side component (83), characterized in that it is placed rearward from the cutting device (23), as described in claim 17 or 18 machine. It said cutting device (23) is a plurality of cutting elements (29) and equipped with a and upper and wound on the cutting boom along the lower run (30, 31) hung vertically long the endless support means (28) upon comprising, the open cut boom (32), be mounted so as to protrude forward and downward direction relative to the predetermined groove digging direction (X), and said cutting device, said cutting elements (29 The endless support means (28) is driven in such a direction that it is carried and transported upward around the end of the excavating boom (32) and rearwardly along the upper run (30) of the endless support means. 21. Machine according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that it comprises drive means (49) arranged in such a way. 22. A cutting device according to claim 21, characterized in that the cutting device (23) comprises a further cutting element for widening a groove cut by the cutting element of the endless support means (28). machine. Machine further cutting elements described above, characterized in that attached to the excavation drum (46, 47) which, extending transversely from the distal end of the cutting boom (32), as set forth in claim 22. Pulling means (25), characterized in that it is coupled to the cutting boom (32) in a position such as work on the cutting boom below ground surface (32) in the normal operation sequence of the pulling force, wherein Item 24. The machine according to any one of Items 18 to 23. Pulling means (25), characterized in that it is connected to the open cutting boom (32) in the side of the excavation boom by pivoted link (59A), any one of the claims 18 to 24 The machine described in. The cutting boom (32) is, the cutting device (23) the upper is attached it to the drive driving the vehicle body (21) to pivot about a pivot axis (33A) for makes it possible to movement of and the drive driving the vehicle body (21), to drive forward the driving motive vehicle across the ground by the drive and promote contact with the ground surface (22) at a position behind pivot axis (33A) of the open cutting boom 26. Machine according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that it is adapted to produce the undercut (55) at the bottom (19) of the groove. The pulling means (25) is mounted so as to act by applying a pulling force in a direction inclined with respect to a vertical line in the forward direction with respect to the groove cutting direction (X). A machine as described in any one of the above. Said pulling means (25), characterized in that it is arranged to move the cutting device (23) along an arcuate path defined, defined by the pivoting of the cutting boom (32), wherein Item 28. The machine according to any one of Items 18 to 27. Characterized in that the pulling means (25) is mounted so as to exert a pulling force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the cutting boom axis between said cutting device (23) and the ground surface (22) A machine according to any one of claims 18 to 28. 30. Machine according to any one of claims 18 to 29, characterized in that the lifting means (25) are connected to the excavation boom (32) at the distal region of the excavation boom. The driving motive vehicle (21), characterized in that it comprises a rear crawler chassis which is arranged behind the pivot axis (33A) of the cutting boom (39), either of the claims 18 to 30 one Machine as described in section. 32. A mobile base unit (26) that is forwardly isolated from the pivot axis (33A) of the excavating boom and connected to a machine so as to be able to move integrally. The machine described in. The mobile base unit unit (26), the framework (27) by being connected to the rear portion crawler chassis (39), said pulling means (25) is pivotally connected to the framework (27), it in including the pivot arm (59) which, extending more forward, the digging pivot link (59A) is, the cutting device coupled to the other end to the front end of the pivot arm (59) at one end (23) beam (32) connected to the thing, and pulling force source (40) is between the intermediate position of the two ends of the intermediate position of the two end and said framework 該枢deposition arms (59) (27) The machine according to claim 32, characterized in that it is connected between. The mobile base unit unit (26), characterized in that it comprises a front crawler chassis (26), as described in claim 32 or 33 machine. 35. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 34, characterized in that the pulling means (25) comprises a hydraulic ram (40). 35. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 34, characterized in that the power driven coupling device comprises a hydraulic ram (84). Characterized in that it comprises the pulling means (25) and said cutting device (23) simultaneously operated can be so arranged control means (34), set forth in any one of claims 18 to 36 Machine. 20. A control means (34) programmed to carry out a predetermined operating cycle comprising the following operations: claim 19 or claim 20 including the features of claim 19 A machine described in any one of the following:
(I) attachment means, to position the said cutting device (23) to the end face of the groove in the bottom surface of the groove (54);
(Ii) the driving motive vehicle (21), said cutting device by a predetermined distance in the trench while operating the (23) moves the cutting device (23) in the forward direction, thus the drive driving the vehicle (21) Generating an undercut at the end face of the groove by advancing the surface over the ground surface (22);
(Iii) the transverse components that are power driven (81), while the cutting device (23) was placed against the end face of the groove (54), the side against the side of the groove in the stationary-stationary point Pressing the component (83);
(iv) the lifting means (25), while operating the cutting device (23), pulled through the inside of the end face rock soil (56) from the undercut the cutting device (23) in the upward direction, At the same time the power driven coupling device (84,85,86,87,88) is the addition of upward force further to the cutting device (23);
(v) that the power driven transverse component, the side components released from the side surfaces of the groove and is then retracted;
(vi) by retracting the driving motive vehicle (21) a ground surface (22) above, to move the cutting device (23) backward by a predetermined distance by the driving motive vehicle (21);
(vii) by the pulling means (25) that lowers the cutting device (23) to the bottom surface of the groove; and
(viii) Repeat and repeat the process described above. The cutting device comprises at cutting rotor which is attached to the distal end of the cutting boom, thus characterized in that it is rotatable about an axis that is centered arranged transverse to the length of the open cutting boom A machine according to claim 18, 19 or 20. The cutting device comprises at cutting rotor which is attached to the distal end of the cutting boom, thus it characterized overall it has rotatable about an axis and alignment sequence in the longitudinal direction of the open cutting boom, A machine as claimed in claim 18, 19 or 20.