JP4055877B2 - Linear compressor having lubricating oil supply device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a linear compressor that encloses lubricating oil in an airtight container.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The linear compressor is known as a type of compressor that is easy to achieve oil-less compared with reciprocating compressors, rotary compressors, and scroll compressors that have been widely used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even in this linear compressor, there is a sliding surface between the cylinder and the piston, and the quality of the sliding surface affects the efficiency and durability of the linear compressor. For this reason, making the linear compressor oil-free requires a rather complicated response.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a linear compressor having high efficiency and high reliability by reliably supplying lubricating oil to a necessary portion.
Moreover, an object of this invention is to make it lubricate to a required location effectively.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to claim 1 is supported by a cylinder elastically supported in an airtight container, and slidable along the axial direction with the same axis as the cylinder. A linear motor part that generates a thrust that reciprocates the piston in the axial direction by forming a magnetic path with a movable part fixed to the piston and a fixed part fixed to the cylinder. A linear compressor for enclosing lubricating oil in the sealed container, wherein a lubricating oil supply device is provided at a lower portion of the cylinder, and the lubricating oil supply device is stored in the bottom of the sealed container by vibration of the cylinder. lubricating oil was supplied to the sliding surface between the piston and the cylinder, the outer periphery or inner periphery of the liner to at least one of said cylinder of said piston is provided for, said liner, said piston Provided by dividing the axial direction, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply device, and supplying between divided the liner.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first aspect, the lubricating oil supply device includes a sliding member that is slidably supported by the cylinder case. The sliding direction of the sliding member is the axial direction of the piston.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the second aspect, the sliding member is supported in the cylinder case by an elastic member.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first aspect, a piston head is formed on the compression chamber side of the piston, and the piston head is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. An oil groove for supplying lubricating oil is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the part, and the oil groove is located on the opposite side of the compression chamber from the center position of the sliding region of the piston head. .
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first aspect, the axial direction of the cylinder is a horizontal direction.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the fifth aspect , the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply device is supplied to the outer periphery of the piston from below. A through hole communicating with the inner hole of the piston is formed in the upper part of the piston, and lubricating oil supplied to the outer periphery of the piston is led out from the through hole to the inner hole.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, a lubricating oil supply device is provided at the lower part of a cylinder, and this lubricating oil supply device causes the lubricating oil stored in the bottom portion of the sealed container to move between the piston and the cylinder by vibration of the cylinder. The liner is provided on at least one of the outer periphery of the piston or the inner periphery of the cylinder, the liner is provided by dividing it in the axial direction of the piston, and the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply device is divided. Supplied between the liners . Thus, the lubricating oil supply device for supplying the lubricating oil to the sliding surface between the piston and the cylinder can reliably supply the lubricating oil by utilizing the vibration of the cylinder. Therefore, a linear compressor having high efficiency and high reliability can be provided. Further, by supplying the lubricating oil between the divided liners, the lubricating oil can be held in the space between the piston and the cylinder formed between the liners.
[0007]
According to a second embodiment of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first embodiment, the lubricating oil supply device has a sliding member that is slidably supported by the cylinder case. The sliding direction of this sliding member is the axial direction of the piston. In this way, by making the sliding direction of the sliding member the axial direction of the piston, the lubricating oil supply device can effectively utilize the vibration of the cylinder that occurs with the operation of the piston. Thus, the sliding member can be reliably operated.
[0008]
In the third embodiment according to the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device in the second embodiment, the sliding member is supported in the cylinder case by an elastic member. Thus, by supporting the sliding member with the elastic member, the sliding member can be vibrated by effectively utilizing the vibration of the cylinder.
[0009]
According to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first embodiment, a piston head is formed on the compression chamber side of the piston, and the piston head is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. An oil groove for supplying lubricating oil is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston, and the oil groove is located on the opposite side of the compression chamber from the center position of the sliding region of the piston head. Thus, by arranging the oil groove at a position away from the compression chamber, it is possible to reduce the amount of lubricating oil flowing into the compression chamber and to lubricate the sliding surface of the piston head. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from being discharged from the sealed container together with the compressed refrigerant.
[0010]
The fifth embodiment according to the present invention is such that in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device according to the first embodiment, the axial direction of the cylinder is the horizontal direction. Thus, by making the axial direction of the cylinder a horizontal direction and using a horizontal linear compressor, the sliding portion between the piston and the cylinder can be brought closer to the lubricating oil surface at the bottom of the sealed container. Therefore, the lubricating location can be lowered, the supply path of the lubricating oil can be shortened, and even a small amount of lubricating oil can be reliably supplied.
[0011]
According to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in the linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device in the fifth embodiment, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply device is supplied from the lower side to the outer periphery of the piston. A through hole that communicates with the central hole of the piston is formed in the upper part of the piston, and the lubricating oil supplied to the outer periphery of the piston is led out from the through hole to the central hole. Thus, the supply path can be shortened by supplying the lubricating oil from below the piston. Further, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer periphery of the piston is led out from the through hole formed in the upper part of the piston to the center hole, so that the lubricating oil can be reliably supplied to the upper part of the piston. That is, in the linear compressor, since the piston does not rotate but slides in the horizontal direction, the lubricating oil supplied from the lower part is difficult to rotate upward, but as in this embodiment, By deriving from the upper part, the lubricating oil can be supplied from the side surface part to the upper part of the piston by forming a flow of the lubricating oil from the lower side to the upper side through the side.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. First, the overall configuration of the linear compressor of the present invention will be described. The linear compressor includes a lubricating oil supply device 1, a cylinder unit 10, a piston unit 20, a movable unit 40 and a fixed unit 50 that constitute a linear motor unit 30, a discharge mechanism unit 60, and a spring mechanism unit 70. The airtight container 80, the support mechanism 90, and the like.
[0013]
The lubricating oil supply device 1 includes a cylinder case 1A, a piston 1B accommodated in the cylinder case 1A so as to be reciprocable, and a suction space 1C formed between both ends of the piston 1B and an end surface of the cylinder case 1A. And springs 1E and 1F respectively disposed in the discharge space 1D. The cylinder case 1A has a suction port 1G communicating with the suction space 1C on one end side and a discharge port 1H communicating with the discharge space 1D on the other end side.
The piston 1B has a passage 1I that allows the suction space 1C and the discharge space 1D to communicate with each other. The passage 1I includes a valve body 1J that can move lubricating oil only from the suction space 1C to the discharge space 1D.
In this embodiment, the lubricating oil supply device 1 is fixed to the lower portion of the cylinder portion 10.
[0014]
The cylinder part 10 consists of what formed integrally the collar part 11, the boss | hub part 12 which protrudes toward the left of a figure from the collar part 11, the cylinder part 13 etc. which hold | maintain the piston part 20. Inside the boss portion 12 is formed a space portion 14 that forms a compression chamber in which the piston head portion 28 is disposed. In addition, the suction port 15 provided on the side of the flange portion 11 communicates with the inside of the space portion 14. Further, the cylinder hole 16 formed in the cylindrical body portion 13 communicates with the space portion 14 and opens the rear end side. Further, ring-shaped liners 17A and 17B made of a thin metal material are fitted into the inner surface of the cylinder hole 16. In this embodiment, the cylinder portion 10 is made of an aluminum material, and the liners 17A and 17B are provided for improving the slidability. An oil groove 2 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 10 along the axial direction of the piston portion 20. The oil groove 2 is provided continuously to the rear end of the cylinder portion 10.
[0015]
On the other hand, a liner 17C is fitted to the boss portion 12 of the cylinder portion 10 into which the piston head portion 28 of the piston portion 20 is inserted. An oil hole 4 is formed in the liner 17C. The oil hole 4 is provided on the opposite side of the compression chamber from the center position of the sliding region of the piston head portion 28. An oil groove 5 is formed in the cylinder 10 so as to communicate with the oil hole 4.
Further, the cylinder portion 10 is provided with an oil passage 6 that communicates the outlet 1H of the lubricating oil supply device 1 and the oil groove 2, and the oil passage 6 communicates with the oil groove 5 via the oil passage 7. Yes.
[0016]
The piston portion 20 is composed of a rod body 22 and a piston head portion 28 that form an inner hole 21, and is formed of an aluminum material in this embodiment. By using an aluminum material for the piston portion 20, the weight can be reduced, and the rigidity of the spring mechanism portion 70 described later can be reduced. The piston portion 20 is fitted with a thin steel liner 23 divided on the outer circumferences of the rod body 22 and the piston head portion 28 in order to improve wear resistance. This thin steel liner 23 is slidably held by the ring body 17 on the cylinder part 10 side. A flange portion 24 is provided at the rear end of the piston portion 20, and a piston head portion 28 is provided at the front end. The flange portion 24 has a hole 24A for fitting the piston portion 20 in the center portion, a side portion 24B concentric with the axis of the piston portion 20, and a side surface 24B orthogonal to the axis of the piston portion 20. It has the end surface part 24C formed adjacently, and the connection shaft part 25 connected with the spring mechanism part 70. Further, a ring-shaped push plate 26 that is in contact with the end face portion 24 </ b> C is fixed to the flange portion 24. As described above, since the flange portion 24 is removably screwed to the piston portion 20, the steel thin liner 23 is inserted into the outer periphery of the rod body 22 of the piston portion 20 from the flange portion 24 side to be a stepped portion. The position is regulated by and inserted. Further, a gap 27 is formed between the front and rear thin steel liners 23, 23, and a through hole 3 is formed on the upper side of the outer periphery of the rod body 22 of the piston portion 20 facing the gap 27. The through hole 3 communicates with the inner hole 21.
[0017]
The piston head 28 is a stopper that forms an opening / closing valve 29 provided on the opening side of the front end of the piston portion 20 and a stopper portion 30 that supports the opening / closing valve 29 movably along the axial direction and restricts the amount of movement. A member 31 is provided. A tapered surface 32 is formed on the opening side of the front end. Further, a plurality of through holes 33 through which the suction refrigerant passes are formed, and the through holes 33 communicate with the suction port 15 respectively. The stopper member 31 is fixed to the tip of the piston head 28 by fitting a shaft portion into the inner hole 21 of the piston portion 20. On the other hand, the open / close valve 29 has a tapered portion 34 that contacts the tapered surface 32 of the piston main body 28, and is formed of a cone-shaped member formed with a flat surface 35 on the front end side, and is slidably supported at the tip of the piston portion 20. Is done.
Further, the opening / closing valve 29 is formed with a stepped surface 36 that abuts against the stopper portion 30 with an appropriate interval. With the above structure, the opening / closing valve 29 can move along the axial direction of the piston portion 20 by the interval, and when the piston portion 20 moves in the refrigerant compression direction, the taper portion 34 of the opening / closing valve 29 is moved to the piston head 28. The through-hole 33 is closed by abutting against the tapered surface 32.
In the present embodiment, the rod 22 and the piston head 28 are integrally formed, but they may be separate.
[0018]
Next, the linear motor unit 30 will be described. As described above, the linear motor unit 30 includes the movable unit 40 and the fixed unit 50. First, the movable part 40 includes a cylindrical holding member 41, a permanent magnet 42, a cylindrical body 43, and the like. The fixed portion 50 includes an inner yoke 51, an outer yoke 52, a coil 53, and the like. The cylindrical holding member 41, the permanent magnet 42, and the cylinder 43 of the movable part 40 are all cylindrical and are arranged concentrically with the piston part 20. The cylindrical holding member 41 is formed of a thin member, and the rear end side thereof is disposed in a state of circumscribing the side surface portion 24B of the flange portion 24. The cylindrical holding member 41 is fitted to the flange portion 24 or is fixed by a fixing means (not shown). Thus, the cylindrical holding member 41 is disposed concentrically with the piston portion 20.
[0019]
The permanent magnet 42 is disposed in a state of circumscribing the cylindrical holding member 41. The cylinder 43 is disposed in a state of circumscribing the permanent magnet 42. In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 42 is sandwiched between the cylindrical holding member 41 and the cylindrical body 43. As described above, the cylindrical holding member 41, the permanent magnet 42, and the cylindrical body 43 are disposed concentrically with high accuracy with respect to the piston portion 20.
[0020]
The fixed portion 50 includes an inner yoke 51, an outer yoke 52 and a coil 53. The inner yoke 51 is formed of a cylindrical body. In this embodiment, the inner yoke 51 is circumscribed by the cylindrical body portion 13 of the cylinder portion 10 and is fixed to the flange portion 11. A minute gap is formed between the outer periphery of the inner yoke 51 and the cylindrical holding member 41. As described above, the inner yoke 51 is disposed concentrically with the cylinder portion 10 and the piston portion 20. On the other hand, the outer yoke 52 is also formed of a cylindrical body, is disposed so as to form a minute gap on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 43, and is fixed to the flange portion 11 of the cylinder portion 10. As described above, the movable portion 40 and the fixed portion 50 are held concentrically with high accuracy.
[0021]
Next, the discharge mechanism 60 will be described. The discharge valve support 61 is fixed to the front end of the cylinder portion 10, and a discharge hole 62 is formed in the center thereof. A discharge valve 63 is provided in the discharge hole 62. The muffler 64 is fixed to the discharge valve support 61. On the other hand, the spiral discharge pipe 65 connects the base end side to the discharge port 66 of the muffler 64 and forms a discharge pipe 67 on the front end side. As shown in the figure, the spiral discharge pipe 65 is formed by bending a pipe material into a spiral shape, and a part thereof is wound around the outer peripheral space of the cylinder portion 10 and the muffler 64. The pipe 67 may be configured integrally or may be connected with another member.
[0022]
Next, the spring mechanism part 70, the airtight container 80, and the support mechanism part 90 are demonstrated based on FIG.
The spring mechanism unit 70 includes a flat spring plate 71 disposed on the rear side. As illustrated, the spring plate 71 is supported by the cylinder portion 10 on the edge side and is connected to the flange portion 24. The spring plate 71 is formed by stacking a plurality of spring members 72.
[0023]
The sealed container 80 is a cylindrical container having a rear end plate 81, a front end plate 82, and a cylindrical body 83 fixed therebetween, and forms a space 84 therein. In the space portion 84, the components of the linear compressor are stored. The rear end plate 81 is provided with a suction pipe 85, and the front end plate 82 is provided with a discharge pipe 67.
[0024]
The support mechanism 90 includes a second end side coil spring 91 and a first end side coil spring 92. The other end side coil spring 91 is between the installation plate 93 fixed to the cylinder part 10 and the rear end plate 81 of the sealed container 80, and the one end side coil spring 92 is between the muffler 64 and the front end plate 82 of the sealed container 80. It is arranged. The other end side coil spring 91 and the one end side coil spring 92 prevent the vibration transmitted to the cylinder part 10 from being transmitted to the sealed container 80.
[0025]
Next, the operation of the linear compressor of this embodiment will be described.
First, when the coil 53 of the fixed part 50 is energized, a thrust proportional to the current is generated between the permanent magnet 42 of the movable part 40 in accordance with Fleming's left-hand rule. Due to the generation of the thrust, a driving force that moves backward along the axial direction acts on the movable portion 40. Since the cylindrical holding member 41 of the movable portion 40 is fixed to the flange portion 24 and the flange portion 24 is connected to the piston portion 20, the piston portion 20 moves backward. Since the piston portion 20 is slidably supported by the cylinder portion 10, the piston portion 20 moves backward along the axial direction thereof.
[0026]
On the other hand, since the opening / closing valve 29 is freely supported by the piston head portion 28 as the piston portion 20 moves backward, a gap is generated between the opening and closing of the piston portion 20.
Here, the energization to the coil 53 is given by a sine wave, and forward and reverse thrusts are alternately generated in the linear motor unit. And the piston part 20 reciprocates by the forward / reverse thrust generated alternately.
[0027]
The refrigerant is introduced into the sealed container 80 from the suction pipe 85. The refrigerant introduced into the sealed container 80 is introduced into the space portion 14 of the cylinder portion 10 from the suction port 15 of the cylinder portion 10 mainly through the outer periphery of the outer yoke 52. The refrigerant enters the suction compression chamber 68 through a gap generated between the tapered portion 34 of the opening / closing valve 29 and the tapered surface 32 of the piston main body 28 due to the retreat of the piston portion 20. Then, the refrigerant in the suction compression chamber 68 is compressed by the advance of the piston portion 20. The compressed refrigerant opens the discharge valve 63, enters the muffler 64 through the discharge hole 62 of the discharge valve support 61, is diffused and silenced, and enters the spiral discharge pipe 65 from the discharge port 66. , Discharged from the discharge pipe 67 outward.
The vibration of the cylinder portion 10 generated as the piston portion 20 reciprocates as described above is suppressed by the other end side and one end side coil springs 91 and 92.
[0028]
Next, the lubricating action of the cylinder part 10 and the piston part 20 by the operation of the lubricating oil supply device 1 in the present embodiment will be described. As described above, since the cylinder part 10 is elastically supported by the sealed container 80, the cylinder part 10 vibrates by the reciprocating motion of the piston part 20. Along with this vibration, the lubricating oil supply device 1 fixed to the cylinder portion 10 also vibrates.
[0029]
Therefore, the piston 1B supported by the cylinder case 1A with a spring reciprocates in the horizontal direction in the cylinder case 1A. As the piston 1B moves toward the suction space 1C, the lubricating oil in the suction space 1C moves to the discharge space 1D through the passage 1I. Here, when the piston 1B moves toward the discharge space 1D, the valve body 1J closes the passage 1I, so that the lubricating oil in the discharge space 1D is introduced into the oil passage 6 from the discharge port 1H. The lubricating oil that has entered the oil passage 6 is divided into one that proceeds to the oil passage 7 side and one that proceeds to the oil groove 2 side as it is. Lubricating oil that has advanced to the oil passage 6 enters the oil groove 5 and enters the oil hole 4 between the inner surface of the liner 17C of the cylinder portion 10 and the steel thin liner 23 on the outer surface of the piston head 28, and lubricates. On the other hand, the lubricating oil that has advanced into the oil groove 2 enters the gap 27 of the thin steel liner 23 from between the liners 17A and 17B and lubricates. Further, since the lubricating oil introduced into the gap 27 forms the through-hole 3 in the upper part, the lubricating oil is guided upward from the lower side and performs side or upper side lubricating. In addition, since lubricating oil flows down to the inner bottom part of the airtight container 80 through the inner hole 21 opened to the rear end from the through hole 3, new oil is always supplied from the lubricating oil supply device 1 side. .
[0030]
In this embodiment, the thin steel liner 23 is fitted to the rod body 22 of the piston portion 20, but an oil groove may be formed on the outer periphery of the rod body 22. Further, the structure of the oil passages 6 and 7 and the shape and number of the oil grooves 2 and 5 communicating with the oil passages 6 and 7 are not limited to the contents of the above embodiment.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the linear compressor which has high efficiency and high reliability can be provided by supplying lubricating oil to a required location reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a main portion for showing in detail an oil lubrication system path according to an embodiment of the present invention. Enlarged cross section [Explanation of symbols]
1 Lubricating oil supply device 1A Cylinder case 1B Piston (sliding member)
1E Spring (elastic member)
1F Spring (elastic member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cylinder part 14 Space part 17 Liner 20 Piston part 21 Inner hole 22 Rod body 23 Steel thin liner 27 Gap 28 Piston head 40 Movable part 50 Fixed part 80 Sealed container 90 Support mechanism part

Claims (6)

A cylinder that is elastically supported inside the sealed container, a piston that is slidably supported along the axial direction with the same axis as the cylinder, a movable portion that is fixed to the piston, and a cylinder that is fixed to the cylinder A linear compressor that forms a magnetic path with a fixed portion and generates a thrust force for reciprocating the piston in the axial direction, and is a linear compressor that encloses lubricating oil in the sealed container, the cylinder A lubricating oil supply device is provided at a lower portion of the lubricating oil supply device, and the lubricating oil supply device supplies lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the sealed container to a sliding surface between the piston and the cylinder by vibration of the cylinder . A liner is provided on at least one of the outer periphery of the piston or the inner periphery of the cylinder, and the liner is divided and provided in the axial direction of the piston, and is supplied by the lubricating oil supply device. The Namerayu, the linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device and supplying between divided the liner.   The lubricating oil supply device includes a sliding member that is slidably supported by a cylinder case, and a sliding direction of the sliding member is an axial direction of the piston. A linear compressor having the lubricating oil supply device described.   The linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to claim 2, wherein the sliding member is supported in the cylinder case by an elastic member.   A piston head is formed on the compression chamber side of the piston, and an oil groove for supplying lubricating oil to the outer peripheral surface of the piston head is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. The linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to claim 1, wherein the linear compressor is located on a side opposite to the compression chamber with respect to a central position of a moving region.   The linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to claim 1, wherein an axial direction of the cylinder is a horizontal direction. Lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply device is supplied from the lower side to the outer periphery of the piston, and a through hole communicating with the inner hole of the piston is formed in the upper portion of the piston. 6. The linear compressor having a lubricating oil supply device according to claim 5 , wherein the supplied lubricating oil is led out from the through hole to the inner hole.

Images