JP4051959B2

JP4051959B2 - Threshing device

Info

Publication number: JP4051959B2
Application number: JP2002048366A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 久幸里路
Original assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Current assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-02-25
Filing date: 2002-02-25
Publication date: 2008-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2022-02-25
Also published as: JP2003245007A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コンバインなどに搭載される脱穀装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
クローラを走行手段とする農業用のコンバインの脱穀装置を例に従来の技術を説明する。コンバインはクローラを構成する無限履帯の接地面積を広くし、水田など軟弱な圃場でも自由に走行して刈取作業などの農業作業を可能としている。
【０００３】
コンバインは動力源としてエンジンを搭載し、エンジンの発生する動力をコンバインの走行、刈取、脱穀などに使用するが、そのクローラは、エンジンの動力を走行トランスミッションにより変速して駆動する。走行トランスミッションは、静油圧式無段変速装置、歯車列機械的変速手段、差動歯車装置、クラッチ手段、ブレーキ手段などにより構成され、直進走行させるときは、左右一対のクローラを等速で駆動し、コンバインを左右に旋回させるときは、左右のクローラに速度差を与えて駆動し、高速側のクローラを外側に、低速側、停止側または後退側のクローラを内側とする旋回が可能な構成としている。
【０００４】
また、エンジンの駆動力を用いて脱穀装置内の扱胴、揺動棚、揚穀螺旋などを駆動させているが、脱穀された穀粒とわらを送風選別するための唐箕を脱穀装置内に配置している。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記脱穀装置内に配置している唐箕による送風で穀粒とわらを選別する場合に、その選別能力を上げようとしても唐箕の設定された選別風量が不足ぎみになる。唐箕の設定最大風量を大きくするためには、唐箕のファンの径を大きくする必要があるが、これを大きくすることはコンバインの機体のサイズを大きくすることになり、小型化の要請の高い時代に逆行することになる。また、唐箕のファンの回転数を上げても選別効率が高くはならず、むしろキャビテーションが発生し、騒音が大きくなる。
【０００６】
そこで本発明の課題は、唐箕のファンの径を大きくすることなく、穀粒とわらの送風選別能力を高くしたコンバインなどの脱穀装置を提供することである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記課題は次の構成によって解決される。請求項１記載の発明は、穀稈から穀粒を分離するための扱胴（６９）を備えた扱室（６６）と、該扱室（６６）を通過した穀稈を処理して得られる被処理物中の二番物を処理する二番処理胴（７０）を備えた二番処理室（６７）と、該二番処理室（６７）の近傍に設けられ、前記扱室（６６）を通過した穀稈を処理して得られる被処理物中の主に藁くずを処理する排塵処理胴（７１）を備えた排塵処理室（６８）と、前記扱室（６６）、二番処理室（６７）及び排塵処理室（６８）から落下する被処理物をふるい分けする揺動棚（５１）と、該揺動棚（５１）から落下する被処理物を送風選別する唐箕（７９）とを設けた脱穀装置において、唐箕（７９）の外側であって、前記排塵処理胴（７１）及び二番処理胴（７０）の配置部とは少なくとも反対側に唐箕（７９）内に送風する補助ファン（９７）を設け、更に各補助ファン（９７）に独立駆動が可能な駆動手段（９８、１００）を設け、前記補助ファン（９７）のうち排塵処理胴（７１）及び二番処理胴（７０）の配置部とは反対側の補助ファン（９７）のみ駆動させて、排塵処理胴（７１）及び二番処理胴（７０）の配置部とは反対側の補助ファン（９７）の風量を排塵処理胴（７１）及び二番処理胴（７０）の配置部側の補助ファン（９７）の風量よりも多くする脱穀装置である。
【０００８】
本発明の請求項１記載の発明によれば、唐箕７９の外から唐箕７９に向け送風する補助ファン９７を設けたので、機体のサイズを変えないで、唐箕風量を従来より上げることができる。また、従来は、扱胴６９の回転方向前方側である排塵処理胴７１と二番処理胴７０がある側の揺動棚５１上に穀粒の分布がかたよる傾向がある。そのため、請求項１記載の発明によれば、穀粒のより多く溜まりやすい側方部分への選別送風量をその反対側より多くするために、少なくとも排塵処理胴７１と二番処理胴７０とは反対側に唐箕７９内に送風する補助ファン９７を設けて、該補助ファン９７の風量を排塵処理胴７１の配置部側の補助ファン９７の風量よりも多くすることで、多く被処理物が溜まった側の揺動棚５１に、より多くの送風を送ることができる。
【０００９】
請求項２記載の発明は、補助ファン９７の回転軸９７ｂは唐箕ファン７９ａの回転軸７９ｂと同軸上に設けて、機体のサイズを変えないで、唐箕風量を従来より上げ、また部品点数を増やさずに済む。
【００１０】
請求項３記載の発明は、補助ファン９７の回転駆動の入切を手動で行う手動操作手段１００を設けたことであり、補助ファン９７の起動停止を手動で容易に行える。
【００１１】
請求項４記載の発明は、脱穀装置１５内の脱穀処理負荷の大きさを検出する負荷検出手段１０５〜１０７と、該負荷検出手段１０５〜１０７の脱穀処理負荷の大きさに応じて補助ファン９７の駆動制御をする制御装置１０４を設けた構成であり、補助ファン９７の駆動の自動化ができる。
【００１５】
【発明の効果】
本発明の請求項１記載の発明によれば、機体のサイズと部品点数を多く増やさないで、唐箕風量を従来より上げ、穀粒送風選別能力を高くでき、作業性が良くなる。更に、請求項１記載の発明によれば、穀粒のより多く溜まりやすい排塵処理胴７１と二番処理胴７０側の揺動棚５１とは反対側の唐箕風洞に向け唐箕７９の外から送風する補助ファン９７の風量を排塵処理胴７１の配置部側の補助ファン９７の風量よりも多くすることで、多く被処理物が溜まった側の揺動棚５１により多量の風を送ることができ、送風選別能力が高まる。
【００１６】
請求項２記載の発明によれば、補助ファン９７の回転軸９７ｂは唐箕ファン７９ａの回転軸７９ｂと同軸上に設けたため、部品点数を増やさないで唐箕風量を従来より上げることができた。
【００１７】
請求項３記載の発明によれば、補助ファン９７の回転駆動の入切を手動で行う手動操作手段１００を設けたので、オペレータの望み通り起動停止を行うことができる。
【００１８】
請求項４記載の発明によれば、負荷検出手段１０５〜１０７により補助ファン９７の駆動制御を自動化できる。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を図面と共に説明する。
図１は本発明の実施の形態の穀類の収穫作業を行うコンバインの左側面図を示し、図２はコンバインの正面立面図を示し、図３はコンバインの平面図を示す。
【００２２】
図１ないし図３に示すコンバイン１の走行フレーム２の下部には、ゴムなどの可撓性材料を素材として無端帯状に成型した左右一対のクローラ４を持ち、乾田はもちろんのこと、湿田においてもクローラ４が若干沈下するだけで自由に走行できる構成の走行装置３を備え、走行フレーム２の前部には刈取装置６を搭載し、走行フレーム２の上部にはエンジン２８（図７）ならびに脱穀装置１５、操縦席２０およびグレンタンク３０を搭載する。
【００２３】
刈取装置６は、図示しない刈取昇降シリンダの伸縮作用により刈取装置６全体を昇降して、圃場に植生する穀稈を所定の高さで刈取りができる構成としている。刈取装置６の前端下部に分草具７を、その背後に傾斜状にした穀稈引起し装置８を、その後方底部には刈刃（図示せず）を配置している。刈刃と脱穀装置１５のフィードチェーン１４の始端部との間に、図示しない前部搬送装置、扱深さ調節装置、供給搬送装置などを順次穀稈の受継搬送と扱深さ調節とができるように配置している。
【００２４】
コンバイン１の刈取装置６の作動は次のように行われる。まず、エンジン２８を始動して変速用、操向用などの操作レバーをコンバイン１が前進するように操作し、刈取・脱穀クラッチ（図示せず）を入り操作して機体の回転各部を伝動しながら、走行フレーム２を前進走行させると、刈取、脱穀作業が開始される。圃場に植立する穀稈は、刈取装置６の前端下部にある分草具７によって分草作用を受け、次いで穀稈引起し装置８の引起し作用によって倒伏状態にあれば直立状態に引起こされ、穀稈の株元が刈刃に達して刈取られ、前部搬送装置に掻込まれて後方に搬送され、扱深さ調節装置、供給搬送装置に受け継がれて順次連続状態で後部上方に搬送される。
【００２５】
穀稈は供給搬送装置からフィードチェーン１４の始端部に受け継がれ、脱穀装置１５に供給される。脱穀装置１５は、上側に扱胴６９を軸架した扱室６６を配置し、扱室６６の下側に選別部５０を一体的に設け、供給された刈取穀稈を脱穀、選別する。
【００２６】
脱穀装置１５に供給された穀稈は、後で詳細に説明するが、主脱穀部である扱室６６に挿入され、扱室６６に軸架され回転する扱胴６９の多数の扱歯６９ａと、フィードチェーン１４による移送と、扱網７４との相互作用により脱穀され、被処理物（穀粒や藁くず）は脱穀装置１５内の選別部の揺動棚５１で受け止められ、上下前後方向に揺動する揺動棚５１上を移動しながら、唐箕７９からの送風を受けて風力選別され、比重の重い穀粒はシーブ５３および選別網６３を通過し、一番螺旋６５から、搬送螺旋（図示せず）を内蔵している一番揚穀筒１６（図１参照）を経てグレンタンク３０へ搬送され、グレンタンク３０に一時貯留される。図１に示すように一番揚穀筒１６の長手方向の軸芯上にタンク本体３１ａの籾排出口３１１ａと補助タンク３１ｂの籾排出口３１１ｂを設けている。
【００２７】
脱穀装置１５の扱室６６の終端に到達した脱穀された残りの穀稈で長尺のままのものは、図示しない排藁チェーンおよび排藁穂先チェーンに挟持されて搬送され、脱穀装置１５の後部の藁用カッター９２、９３（図５）に投入されて切断され、圃場に放出される。
【００２８】
グレンタンク３０内の底部に穀粒移送用のグレンタンク螺旋（図示せず）を設け、グレンタンク螺旋を駆動する螺旋駆動軸（図示せず）に縦オーガ１８および横オーガ１９からなる排出オーガを連接し、グレンタンク３０内に貯留した穀粒を排出オーガ排出口からコンバイン１の外部に排出する。グレンタンク螺旋、縦オーガ螺旋（図示せず）および横オーガ螺旋（図示せず）は、エンジン２８の動力の伝動を受けて回転駆動され、それぞれのラセン羽根のスクリュウコンベヤ作用により貯留穀粒を搬送する。
【００２９】
図４はコンバインの脱穀装置１５の一部切り欠き側面断面図であり、図５は図４のＢ−Ｂ線矢視の脱穀装置１５の平面断面図であり、図６は図４のＣ−Ｃ線矢視の脱穀装置１５の立面断面図である。
【００３０】
刈取装置６で刈り取った穀稈は刈取装置６に装着された穀稈搬送、調節装置で扱深さが調節され、脱穀装置１５の主脱穀部である扱室６６の入口６６ａ（図６）から扱室６６に挿入される。扱室６６に軸架された扱胴６９は、その表面に多数の扱歯６９ａが設けられており、図示しない駆動機構により、エンジン２８からの動力が刈取・脱穀クラッチを経て伝動され、図４ないし図６の矢印Ｂ方向に回転する。扱室６６に挿入された穀粒の付いた穀稈は、レールガイド１４ｃに沿って移動するフィードチェーン１４と、スプリング１４ｂで付勢されたフィードチェン挟扼杆１４ａとの間に挟扼され、図５の矢印Ａ方向に移送されながら、矢印Ｂ方向に回転する扱胴６９の扱歯６９ａと扱網７４との相互作用により脱穀される。穀稈から分離された被処理物（穀粒や藁くず）は扱網７４を矢印Ｃ１方向（図６）に通過して、揺動棚５１で受け止められる。
【００３１】
揺動棚５１は図示しない揺動棚駆動機構の作動により上下前後方向に揺動するので、被処理物は矢印Ｄ方向（図４）に移動しながら、唐箕７９からの送風を受けて風力選別され、比重の重い穀粒はシーブ５３および選別網６３を矢印Ｅ方向に通過し、一番棚板６４で集積され、一番螺旋６５から一番揚穀筒１６（図１）を経てグレンタンク３０へ搬送される。グレンタンク３０に貯留された穀粒は、オーガ１８、１９を経由してコンバイン１の外部へ搬送される。
【００３２】
揺動棚５１の上の被処理物のうち軽量のものは、揺動棚５１の揺動作用と唐箕７９のファン７９ａによる送風に吹き飛ばされてシーブ５３の上を矢印Ｄ方向に移動し、ストローラック６２の上で大きさの小さい二番穀粒は矢印Ｇ方向に落下して二番棚板８５に集められ、二番螺旋８６で二番揚穀筒８７へ搬送される（図４）。
【００３３】
二番穀粒は、正常な穀粒、枝梗粒、藁くずおよび藁くずの中に正常な穀粒が刺さっているササリ粒などの混合物であり、二番揚穀筒８７の中を二番揚穀筒ラセン（図示せず）により矢印Ｈ方向（図４、図６参照）に揚送されて、二番処理室入口から二番処理室６７の上方へ放出される。二番処理室６７の下部に軸架する二番処理胴７０は図示しない駆動装置により図６の矢印Ｊ方向に回転する。二番穀粒は二番処理胴７０に植設してある多数の処理歯７０ａ（図４）に衝突しながら矢印Ｉ方向に進行する間に二番穀粒の分離と枝梗粒の枝梗の除去を行い、一部の被処理物は二番処理胴受網７５から矢印Ｃ２方向（図４）に通過して揺動棚５１に落下し、大部分の被処理物は二番処理室６７の終端から二番処理胴送風羽根７０ｂの送風に送られて矢印Ｃ３方向（図４）に揺動棚５１に落下して扱室６６からの被処理物と合流する。なお、処理歯７０ａの代わりに螺旋を二番処理胴７０に設けても良い。
【００３４】
扱室６６の被処理物搬送方向終端部に到達した被処理物の中で、藁くずなど短尺のものは、排塵処理室入口６８ａから矢印Ａ２（図５）方向に投入されて排塵処理室６８に入り、排塵処理室６８では回転する排塵処理胴７１の螺旋７１ａにより矢印Ｋ方向（図５）に搬送されながら処理される。
【００３５】
排塵処理室６８に入った少量の穀粒を含む藁くずを主体とする被処理物の中の漏下物は受け網７６（図６）から二番処理室６７の二番処理胴７０の上に落ち、該二番処理胴７０の回転で二番処理胴７０の後方側に周設された処理歯７０ａによって搬送されて二番処理胴７０の前方側に搬送されながら処理されて二番処理胴７０の下方に設けられた受け網７５を矢印Ｃ３方向に通り抜けて揺動棚５１の移送棚５１ａ上に送られる。
【００３６】
排塵処理室６８からの漏下物を二番処理室６７でなく、全量揺動棚５１へ回収する構成にしても良い。
【００３７】
また脱穀装置１５は、排塵処理室６８から二番処理室６７へ漏下した被処理物は二番処理胴７０により二番処理室６７の前方に搬送され、単粒化処理される。この構成により排塵処理室６８から漏下した単粒を含む枝梗粒及び穂切粒は直接二番処理胴７０で単粒化され、二番処理室６７前方の受網７５から揺動棚５１に送られて効率的に穀粒を回収できるという効果がある。
【００３８】
また、図５に示すように、脱穀装置１５の後部に横断流ファン９１を設け、排塵処理室６８を含む脱穀装置１５内で発生する排塵のうち、比重の軽い藁くずおよび塵埃を含む空気を横断流ファン羽根車９１ａの回転による送風で吸引し、横断流ファン出口９１ｂ（図４）から矢印Ｌ方向へ吹き出して、コンバイン１の外部へ放出する。
【００３９】
横断流ファン９１のある室から揺動棚５１の終端部に矢印Ｍ（図４）のように落ちた排塵の内、やや長めの藁くずはストローラック６２で受けとめられ、揺動棚５１の揺動運動と、唐箕７９の送風力により矢印Ｆのように揺動棚５１の終端部から排出され圃場に放出される。また、排塵のうち二番穀粒、三番穀粒など小径で比重の重いものは、揺動棚５１の終端部のストローラック６２あるいはシーブ５３を矢印Ｇ方向へ通過して二番棚板８５に落下し、再び二番処理室６７において処理される。
【００４０】
扱室６６を図５の矢印Ａ方向に進行し、扱室６６の終端に到達した被処理物の中の脱穀された穀稈（藁）で長尺のままのものは、図５に示す矢印Ａ１方向に搬送され、排藁処理室９５に投入される。排藁処理室９５で、藁用カッター９２、９３により細かく切断された切藁は圃場に落下放出される。また、カッター９２で切断しないで藁を自然落下させることもできる。藁用カッター９２および９３はそれぞれ駆動アクチュエータＭ３およびＭ４により制御された回転速度で回転駆動される。
【００４１】
前記唐箕７９のファン７９ａは図７の唐箕７９が設置された領域のコンバイン平面図及び図８の唐箕７９部分のコンバイン正面図に示すように、脱穀装置１５の幅方向のほぼ全幅にわたり唐箕ファン７９ａが設けられているが、穀粒とわらとの選別能力を上げようとすると唐箕ファン７９ａの風量を高めなければならない。そのためにファン７９ａの径を大きくすると機体が大きくなり、また、ファン７９ａの回転数を上げても効率が悪く、キャビテーションを生じて騒音が大きくなる。
【００４２】
そこで、本実施の形態では、脱穀装置１５の機体枠外に唐箕７９に向け送風するターボファン９７を設けて、機体のサイズを変えないで、唐箕風量を従来より上げることができた。図７および図８に示すように操縦席２０の下方に配置されるエンジン２８の動力をプーリ２８ａ、ベルト１０３とプーリ７９ｃを介して唐箕ファン７９ａとダーボファン９７に伝達するが、唐箕ファン７９ａの唐箕軸７９ｂを延長してダーボファン９７の回転軸とするので、部品点数が大きく増えない利点がある。
【００４３】
また、図９に示すように排塵処理胴７１及び二番処理胴７０を有する脱穀装置１５の少なくとも排塵処理胴７１とは反対側の機枠外に唐箕７９に向け送風するターボファン９７を設ける構成でも良い。
【００４４】
これは扱胴６９の矢印Ｂ方向への回転により、排塵処理胴７１と二番処理胴７０がある側の揺動棚５１上に穀粒の分布５１ａがかたよる傾向がある。そのため、穀粒のより多く溜まりやすい側方部分への選別送風量をその反対側より多くするために排塵処理胴７１と二番処理胴７０とは反対側の唐箕風洞に向け機外から送風するターボファン９７のみを設けることが望ましい。
【００４５】
図９の唐箕７９部分の正面図に示すように単一のターボファン９７を設けると、図９及び図１０の唐箕７９部分の平面図に示すように矢印Ｘ方向にターボファンからの送風が流れ、被処理物が多く溜まった側の揺動棚５１により多量の風を送ることができる。
【００４６】
また、ターボファン９７の駆動を「入」、「切」可能なクラッチ９８を設けると、唐箕ファン７９ａのみの送風（図１０の矢印Ｙ）と唐箕ファン７９ａとターボファン９７の送風（図１０の矢印Ｘ）を加えた場合とに送風量を可変とすることができる。こうして、作物の条件に合わせて送風量を変更することができ、条件適応性が向上する。
【００４７】
従来は唐箕ファン７９ａの回転数を変更して唐箕送風量を調節していたので唐箕送風量が多くなると唐箕風洞が振動していたが、本実施の形態では唐箕ファン７９ａの回転数を上げなくても全体の送風量をターボファン９７の駆動の「入」、「切」で広範囲に送風量を調整できる。また、ターボファン９７により強制的に唐箕風洞内に送風するため、唐箕風洞の駆動もなく、容易に唐箕送風量を大きくできる。なお、図７のクラッチ９８は手動スイッチ１００のオンで起動できる。
【００４８】
唐箕７９の両側の機外に一対のターボファン９７を設ける場合には、「入」、「切」を独立駆動できるようにすることで、▲１▼唐箕ファン７９ａのみでの送風、▲２▼唐箕ファン７９ａ＋１個のターボファン９７での送風，▲３▼唐箕ファン７９ａ＋２個のターボファン９７での送風と３段階の送風量切換が可能となり、作物条件による唐箕風の適応性が向上する。
【００４９】
図１１のコンバインの一部側面図と図１２の唐箕部分の正面図に示すように、唐箕ファン７９ａとターボファン９７との間の唐箕吸引口９９部分にシャッタ１０１を設け、このシャッタ１０１の開度により唐箕選別送風を調節することができる。シャッタ１０１を全閉すると唐箕ファン７９ａによる送風が減少し、シャッタ１０１を全開すると唐箕ファン７９ａによる送風とターボファン９７の送風を利用できる。ターボファン９７の外側にシャッタ１０１を設ける構成と比べ、シャッタ１０１の開閉による唐箕選別送風量の調節範囲が大きくなる。
【００５０】
図１３の唐箕部分の正面図に示すように、唐箕軸７９ｂ上に唐箕ファン７９ａ、ターボファン９７及びエンジン２８からの駆動力を唐箕ファン７９ａに伝達する入力プーリ７９ｃ、唐箕７９から選別駆動出力プーリ７９ｄを設け、唐箕軸７９ｂ上で唐箕ファン７９ａの外側に入力プーリ７９ｃと選別駆動出力プーリ７９ｄを配置し、その外側にターボファン９７を配置する構成にすると、唐箕軸７９ｂの入力プーリ７９ｃと出力プーリ７９ｄは脱穀装置１５の機体枠１０２に支持された唐箕軸７９ｂの軸受７９ｅ近傍に位置することになり、該軸受７９ｅからのオーバハング量が少なくなり、機体強度が上り、また、選別伝動系のベルトなどがレイアウトされた機体枠１０２に接近してターボファン９７の駆動系を配置でき、コンパクトに脱穀装置１５を構成できる。また、入力プーリ７９ｃと選別駆動出力プーリ７９ｄの外側にターボファン９７を配置することでターボファン９７はプーリ７９ｃと選別駆動出力プーリ７９ｄの障害も無く、大気を吸引できて送風効率が向上する。また唐箕軸７９ｂをプーリ７９ｃの外側に配置することにより、そのメンテナンスが容易となる。
【００５１】
図１４に示す本実施の形態のダーボファン９７の制御装置において、脱穀装置１５内に設けた穀粒流量、ワラ流量、二番還元穀粒の各流量検出センサ１０５、１０６、１０７の検出値により、前記ターボファン９７のクラッチ９８を「入」、「切」する構成にすると、脱穀装置１５の穀粒処理量が増大するとターボファン９７をオンとして唐箕風量を増大させ、穀粒処理量が少ないと唐箕送風量を低下させ、脱穀装置の穀粒処理条件に合った唐箕風量を供給でき、送風選別能力が従来に比べて向上する。なお前記各センサ１０５〜１０７の配置位置を図１５のコンバイン概略側断面図に示す。
【００５２】
コンバインの設定車速範囲に連動させて、▲１▼唐箕ファン７９ａだけ、▲２▼唐箕ファン７９ａ＋第一のターボファン９７、▲３▼唐箕ファン７９ａ＋第一のターボファン９７＋第二のターボファン９７の３種類の駆動状態に切換え可能な構成にしても良い。この場合には、車速センサ１０９の検出値により車速を増減速させると脱穀装置１５の処理量が増減する。このように車速の変化に伴い、唐箕送風量を段階的に変化させることにより、精度の高い選別を行うこともできる。
【００５３】
刈取装置６が上げ位置にある時とコンバインが圃場のコーナ旋回時には脱穀装置１５内に被処理物が少なくなり、唐箕風量を下げないと、機体外への籾飛散が多くなるので、図１６のフロー図に示すように、コンバインが圃場コーナを旋回する場合にはターボファン９７のクラッチ９８を「切」とする。あるいは刈取装置６が上げ位置にあるときはターボファン９７のクラッチ９８を「切」とする。またターボファンクラッチ９８を「入」にしてターボファン９７での送風を可能にしおき、例えば、圃場コーナ旋回時の脱穀ロスを低減できる。
【００５４】
図１７に示す脱穀装置１５の唐箕部分の正面図と図１８の側面図に示すように、唐箕ファン７９ａの外側に唐箕風洞に向け送風するターボファン９７を設け、唐箕ファン７９ａの回転軸である唐箕軸７９ｂを中空軸としてエンジン２８を駆動させ、該中空軸内にターボファンの回転軸９７ｂを設ける。そして唐箕ファン７９ａの回転速度を一定とするが、ターボファン９７の回転数を可変できるように構成しても良い。このとき、ターボファン９７の回転速度を可変とすることにより、唐箕ファン７９ａによる選別風の風量を可変にでき、しかもターボファン９７による回転速度制御により風量の変化領域を拡大できる。ターボファン９７の回転速度の可変機構として、例えば機体に支持されたベルト式無段変速機１１３を用いてターボファン９７の回転軸９７ｂ上のプーリ９７ｃを駆動することで行う。なお、ターボファン９７の回転速度の可変機構は前記ベルト式無段変速機１１３に限らず、可変モータなどを用いても良い。
【００５５】
図１９には唐箕ファン７９ａとターボファン９７の回転数と選別風の風量の関係が可変することを示すが、選別送風量の可変範囲を従来より大きくすることができる。
【００５６】
無段変速機１１３で脱穀装置１５の機体枠に支持された軸受近傍には無段変速機１１３用の変速プーリが位置することになり、機枠・軸受７９ｅから無段変速機１１３までのオーバハング量が少なくなり機枠強度が向上する。また、無段変速機１１３の外側にターボファン９７を配置することでターボファン９７はプーリ７９ｄの障害がなく大気を吸引でき、送風効率が向上する。
【００５７】
ベルト式無段変速機１１３はモータにより一対のプーリ９７ｃの間隔を連続的に変えることで無端ベルトの一回転の大きさを連続的に変えることができ、そのためのアクチュエータ（モータ）１１４で無端ベルト１１５の一回転の大きさを調整できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の穀類の収穫作業を行うコンバインの左側面を示す図である。
【図２】図１のコンバインの正面立面図である。
【図３】図１のコンバインの平面図である。
【図４】図１のコンバインの脱穀装置の側面断面図である。
【図５】図４のＢ−Ｂ線矢視のコンバインの脱穀装置の平面断面を示す図である。
【図６】図４のＣ−Ｃ線矢視のコンバインの脱穀装置の立面断面を示す図である。
【図７】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕が設置された領域のコンバイン平面図である。
【図８】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分のコンバイン正面図である。
【図９】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分の正面図である。
【図１０】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分の平面図である。
【図１１】図１のコンバインの一部側面図である。
【図１２】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分の正面図である。
【図１３】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分の正面図である。
【図１４】図１のコンバインのダーボファンの制御装置の構成図である。
【図１５】図１のコンバイン概略側断面図である。
【図１６】図１のコンバインが圃場コーナを旋回する時のターボファンの駆動制御フロー図である。
【図１７】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕部分の正面図である。
【図１８】図４の脱穀装置の側面図である。
【図１９】図４の脱穀装置の唐箕ファンとターボファンの回転数と選別風の風量の関係を説明する図である。
【符号の説明】
１コンバイン２走行フレーム
３走行装置４クローラ
６刈取装置７分草具
８穀稈引起し装置１４フィードチェーン
１４ａフィードチェン挟扼杆１４ｂスプリング
１４ｃレールガイド１５脱穀装置
１６一番揚穀筒１８縦オーガ
１９横オーガ２０操縦席
２８エンジン２８ａプーリ
３０グレンタンク３１ａタンク本体
３１ｂ補助タンク５０選別部
５１揺動棚５１ａ移送棚
５３シーブ６２ストローラック
６３選別網６４一番棚板
６５一番螺旋６６扱室
６６ａ入口６７二番処理室
６８排塵処理室６８ａ排塵処理室入口
６９扱胴６９ａ扱歯
７０二番処理胴７０ａ処理歯
７０ｂ二番処理胴送風羽根７１排塵処理胴
７１ａ螺旋７４扱網
７５二番処理胴受網７６受け網
７９唐箕７９ａ唐箕ファン
７９ｂ回転軸７９ｃ、９７ｃプーリ
７９ｄ選別駆動出力プーリ７９ｅ軸受
８５二番棚板８６二番螺旋
８７二番揚穀筒９１横断流ファン
９１ａ横断流ファン羽根車９１ｂ横断流ファン出口
９２、９３藁用カッター９５排藁処理室
９７補助ファン９７ｂ回転軸
９８クラッチ９９唐箕吸引口
１００手動操作手段１０１シャッタ
１０２機体枠１０３ベルト
１０４制御装置１０５穀粒流量検出センサ
１０６ワラ流量検出センサ１０７二番還元穀粒流量検出センサ
１０９車速センサ１１３ベルト式無段変速機
１１４アクチュエータ（モータ）１１５無端ベルト
３１１ａ籾排出口３１１ｂ籾排出口
Ｍ３、Ｍ４駆動アクチュエータ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a threshing device mounted on a combine or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional technology will be described by taking as an example an agricultural combine threshing apparatus using a crawler as a traveling means. The combine increases the ground contact area of the infinite crawlers that make up the crawler, allowing it to run freely even in soft fields such as paddy fields, enabling agricultural work such as mowing.
[0003]
The combine is equipped with an engine as a power source, and the power generated by the engine is used for traveling, harvesting, threshing, and the like of the combine. The crawler is driven by shifting the power of the engine with a traveling transmission. The traveling transmission is composed of a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, a gear train mechanical transmission means, a differential gear device, a clutch means, a brake means, etc., and when traveling straight, a pair of left and right crawlers are driven at a constant speed. When turning the combine left and right, it is driven by giving a speed difference between the left and right crawlers, and the crawler on the high speed side is on the outside and the crawler on the low speed side, stop side or reverse side is inside. Yes.
[0004]
In addition, the driving force of the engine is used to drive the barrels, swing racks, and hulling spirals in the threshing device. It is arranged.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case where grain and straw are sorted by air blown by the red pepper disposed in the threshing device, the sorting air volume set for the red pepper is insufficient even if the sorting ability is increased. In order to increase the maximum air volume set for Tang Dynasty, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the Tang Dynasty fan. However, increasing this will increase the size of the combine aircraft, and there is a high demand for miniaturization. Will go backwards. Further, even if the rotation speed of the Kara fan is increased, the sorting efficiency does not increase, but rather cavitation occurs and noise increases.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a threshing device such as a combine that has an increased ability to sort air from grain and straw without increasing the diameter of the fan of the red pepper.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-described problem of the present invention is solved by the following configuration. The invention according to claim 1 is obtained by processing a handling chamber (66) provided with a handling cylinder (69) for separating the kernel from the kernel and the kernel that has passed through the handling chamber (66). A second processing chamber (67) having a second processing cylinder (70) for processing a second object in the object to be processed, and the handling chamber (66) provided in the vicinity of the second processing chamber (67). A dust disposal chamber (68) provided with a dust disposal cylinder (71) for mainly treating waste in a workpiece obtained by processing the cereals that have passed through the container, and the handling chamber (66), Swinging shelf (51) for sieving the processing object falling from the numbering processing chamber (67) and dust removal processing chamber (68), 79) in the threshing device provided with the dust removal cylinder (71) and the second processing cylinder (70) are few outside the tang (79). Also an auxiliary fan (97) for blowing air into the winnowing fan (79) on the opposite side is provided, further provided the auxiliary fan (97) independently of the drive is capable of driving means (98, 100), the auxiliary fan (97) Of these, only the auxiliary fan (97) on the opposite side to the arrangement portion of the dust removal cylinder (71) and the second treatment cylinder (70) is driven, and the dust removal cylinder (71) and the second treatment cylinder (70) are driven . This is a threshing device that increases the air volume of the auxiliary fan (97) on the side opposite to the arrangement section from the air volume of the auxiliary fan (97) on the arrangement section side of the dust removal cylinder (71) and the second processing cylinder (70). .
[0008]
According to the invention of claim 1, wherein the present invention, since there is provided an auxiliary fan 97 for blowing air toward the winnowing fan 79 from outside the winnowing fan 79, without changing the size of the aircraft, Ru can be increased compared with the prior art winnowing fan air volume . Further, conventionally, there is a tendency that the distribution of the grains tends to be on the rocking shelf 51 on the side where the dust removal cylinder 71 and the second cylinder 70 are located on the front side in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder 69. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in order to increase the amount of the selected air flow to the side portion where more grains are more likely to accumulate than at the opposite side, at least the dust removal processing cylinder 71 and the second processing cylinder 70, Is provided with an auxiliary fan 97 that blows air into the tang 79, and the air volume of the auxiliary fan 97 is made larger than the air volume of the auxiliary fan 97 on the arrangement portion side of the dust removal treatment cylinder 71, so More air can be sent to the swing shelf 51 on the side where the air is accumulated .
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotating shaft 97b of the auxiliary fan 97 is provided coaxially with the rotating shaft 79b of the red fan 79a, and the hot air volume is increased and the number of parts is increased without changing the size of the fuselage. You do n’t have to.
[0010]
The invention described in claim 3 is provided with the manual operation means 100 for manually turning on / off the rotational drive of the auxiliary fan 97, and the auxiliary fan 97 can be easily started and stopped manually.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 4 is the load detecting means 105-107 for detecting the size of the threshing processing load in the threshing device 15, and the auxiliary fan 97 according to the size of the threshing processing load of the load detecting means 105-107. The control device 104 that controls the driving of the auxiliary fan 97 can be automated.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1, wherein the present invention, without increasing much the size and number of parts of the body, raising conventionally a winnowing fan air volume, can increase the grain blowing sorting capabilities, that a good workability. Furthermore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, from the outside of the Kara 79 to the Kara wind tunnel on the opposite side of the dust removal cylinder 71 and the swinging rack 51 on the No. 2 process cylinder 70 side where more grains are likely to accumulate. By making the air volume of the auxiliary fan 97 to be blown larger than the air volume of the auxiliary fan 97 on the arrangement portion side of the dust removal processing cylinder 71, a large amount of air is sent to the swing shelf 51 on the side where a large amount of objects to be processed is accumulated. Can be improved, and the air blowing sorting ability is increased .
[0016]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotary shaft 97b of the auxiliary fan 97 is provided coaxially with the rotary shaft 79b of the hot fan 79a, so that the hot air volume can be increased without increasing the number of parts.
[0017]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the manual operation means 100 for manually turning on / off the rotational drive of the auxiliary fan 97 is provided, the start / stop can be performed as desired by the operator.
[0018]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the drive control of the auxiliary fan 97 can be automated by the load detection means 105 to 107.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a left side view of a combine that performs a grain harvesting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the combine, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the combine.
[0022]
At the bottom of the traveling frame 2 of the combine 1 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, there is a pair of left and right crawlers 4 made of a flexible material such as rubber and formed into an endless belt shape. The crawler 4 is provided with a traveling device 3 configured to be able to travel freely by sinking slightly, a cutting device 6 is mounted on the front portion of the traveling frame 2, and an engine 28 (FIG. 7) and threshing are disposed on the upper portion of the traveling frame 2. The device 15, the cockpit 20 and the Glen tank 30 are mounted.
[0023]
The reaping device 6 is configured such that the entire reaping device 6 can be lifted and lowered by a telescopic action of a reaping lifting cylinder (not shown), and cereals vegetated on the farm can be harvested at a predetermined height. The weeding tool 7 is disposed at the lower part of the front end of the reaping device 6, the cereal raising device 8 having an inclined shape behind it, and a cutting blade (not shown) at the rear bottom thereof. Between the cutting blade and the starting end of the feed chain 14 of the threshing device 15, the front conveying device, the handling depth adjusting device, the supply conveying device, etc. (not shown) can be successively transferred and adjusted for the cereals. Are arranged as follows.
[0024]
The operation of the harvesting device 6 of the combine 1 is performed as follows. First, the engine 28 is started and the operation levers for shifting, steering, etc. are operated so that the combine 1 moves forward, and a mowing / threshing clutch (not shown) is inserted and operated to transmit the rotating parts of the aircraft. However, when the traveling frame 2 travels forward, cutting and threshing operations are started. The cereals to be planted in the field are subject to weeding by the weeding tool 7 at the lower front end of the reaping device 6, and then the culm is raised and the device 8 is raised to bring it upright if it is lying down. The cereal stock reaches the cutting blade and is cut, and is scraped into the front transport device and transported backwards. Be transported.
[0025]
The cereal is inherited from the supply and transport device to the start end of the feed chain 14 and supplied to the threshing device 15. The threshing device 15 has a handling chamber 66 with a handling cylinder 69 pivoted on the upper side, and a sorting unit 50 is provided integrally on the lower side of the handling chamber 66 to thresh and sort the supplied harvested cereal meal.
[0026]
As will be described in detail later, the cereal mash supplied to the threshing device 15 is inserted into a handling chamber 66 which is a main threshing portion, and a plurality of teeth 69a of a handling drum 69 which is pivoted on the handling chamber 66 and rotated. The threshing is carried out by the transfer by the feed chain 14 and the interaction with the handling net 74, and the object to be processed (grains and wastes) is received by the swing shelf 51 of the sorting unit in the threshing device 15, While moving on the oscillating swinging shelf 51, the wind is selected by receiving air from the tang 79, and the grain having a high specific gravity passes through the sheave 53 and the selecting net 63, and from the first spiral 65 to the conveying spiral ( It is conveyed to the grain tank 30 through the first cereal cylinder 16 (see FIG. 1) having a built-in (not shown), and temporarily stored in the grain tank 30. As shown in FIG. 1, a straw discharge port 311 a of the tank body 31 a and a straw discharge port 311 b of the auxiliary tank 31 b are provided on the longitudinal axis of the first cereal cylinder 16.
[0027]
The remaining threshed culm that has reached the end of the handling chamber 66 of the threshing device 15 and is kept in a long length is sandwiched and transported between a culling chain and a culling head chain (not shown), and the rear part of the threshing device 15 Are put into cutting cutters 92 and 93 (FIG. 5), cut and released to the field.
[0028]
A grain tank helix (not shown) for transferring grains is provided at the bottom of the glen tank 30, and a discharge auger comprising a vertical auger 18 and a horizontal auger 19 is provided on a helical drive shaft (not shown) for driving the glen tank helix. The grains that are connected and stored in the Glen tank 30 are discharged to the outside of the combine 1 from the discharge auger discharge port. The Glen tank spiral, vertical auger spiral (not shown), and horizontal auger spiral (not shown) are rotationally driven in response to the power of the engine 28, and convey the stored grains by the screw conveyor action of each spiral blade. To do.
[0029]
4 is a partially cutaway side cross-sectional view of the combine threshing device 15, FIG. 5 is a plan cross-sectional view of the threshing device 15 as viewed from the line BB in FIG. 4, and FIG. It is elevation surface sectional drawing of the threshing apparatus 15 of C line arrow.
[0030]
The corn straw harvested by the reaping device 6 is adjusted in the handling depth by the corn straw transporting and adjusting device attached to the reaping device 6, and from the entrance 66 a (FIG. 6) of the handling chamber 66 which is the main threshing portion of the threshing device 15. It is inserted into the handling chamber 66. A handling drum 69 pivoted in the handling chamber 66 has a large number of teeth 69a provided on the surface thereof, and power from the engine 28 is transmitted through a mowing / threshing clutch by a drive mechanism (not shown). Or it rotates in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The cereal with the grain inserted into the handling chamber 66 is sandwiched between the feed chain 14 that moves along the rail guide 14c and the feed chain nip 14a that is biased by the spring 14b. While being transferred in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5, threshing occurs due to the interaction between the teeth 69a of the handle 69 rotating in the direction of arrow B and the handle net 74. The object to be processed (grains and sawdust) separated from the cereals passes through the handling net 74 in the direction of arrow C1 (FIG. 6) and is received by the swing shelf 51.
[0031]
Since the swing shelf 51 swings up and down and back and forth by the operation of a swing shelf drive mechanism (not shown), the object to be processed receives air from the Karatsu 79 while moving in the direction of arrow D (FIG. 4). The grain having a high specific gravity passes through the sheave 53 and the sorting net 63 in the direction of arrow E, and is accumulated on the first shelf 64, and then passes through the first helix 65 to the first cereal cylinder 16 (FIG. 1). It is conveyed to 30. The grains stored in the Glen tank 30 are conveyed to the outside of the combine 1 via the augers 18 and 19.
[0032]
Among the objects to be processed on the swing shelf 51, the lighter ones are blown off by the swing action of the swing shelf 51 and the air blown by the fan 79 a of the Karatsu 79 and move on the sheave 53 in the direction of arrow D, The second small grain on the rack 62 falls in the direction of the arrow G, is collected on the second shelf 85, and is conveyed to the second lifting cylinder 87 by the second spiral 86 (FIG. 4).
[0033]
The second kernel is a mixture of normal kernels, branch stems, crumbs and scorpion grains in which normal grains are stabbed in the crumbs. It is pumped up in the direction of arrow H (see FIGS. 4 and 6) by an uplifted helix helix (not shown) and discharged upward from the second processing chamber 67 through the second processing chamber 67. The second processing cylinder 70 pivoted on the lower portion of the second processing chamber 67 is rotated in the direction of arrow J in FIG. 6 by a driving device (not shown). The second kernel is separated from the second kernel and the branch of the branch stem while traveling in the direction of arrow I while colliding with a number of treatment teeth 70a (FIG. 4) planted in the second treatment barrel 70. A part of the processed material passes through the second processing cylinder receiving net 75 in the direction of the arrow C2 (FIG. 4) and falls to the swing shelf 51, and most processed materials are processed in the second processing chamber. It is sent from the end of 67 to the air blown by the second processing cylinder air blowing blade 70b and falls onto the swing shelf 51 in the direction of arrow C3 (FIG. 4) to join the object to be processed from the handling chamber 66. A spiral may be provided in the second processing cylinder 70 instead of the processing teeth 70a.
[0034]
Among the objects to be processed that have reached the end of the object to be processed conveyance direction of the handling chamber 66, short objects such as scraps are thrown into the direction of arrow A2 (FIG. 5) from the dust removing chamber inlet 68a and are subjected to dust disposal. It enters the chamber 68 and is processed in the dust removal processing chamber 68 while being conveyed in the direction of arrow K (FIG. 5) by the spiral 71a of the rotating dust removal processing cylinder 71.
[0035]
Leakage in the processing object mainly composed of sawdust including a small amount of grains that has entered the dust disposal chamber 68 is transferred from the receiving net 76 (FIG. 6) to the second processing cylinder 70 of the second processing chamber 67. The second processing cylinder 70 is rotated by the rotation of the second processing cylinder 70 and is conveyed by the processing teeth 70a provided on the rear side of the second processing cylinder 70 and is processed while being conveyed to the front side of the second processing cylinder 70. It passes through the receiving net 75 provided below the processing cylinder 70 in the direction of the arrow C3 and is sent onto the transfer shelf 51a of the swing shelf 51.
[0036]
A configuration may be adopted in which the leakage from the dust removal processing chamber 68 is collected not in the second processing chamber 67 but in the entire swing shelf 51.
[0037]
In the threshing device 15, the workpiece leaked from the dust processing chamber 68 to the second processing chamber 67 is transported to the front of the second processing chamber 67 by the second processing cylinder 70 and is processed into a single grain. According to this configuration, branch infarct grains and cut grains including single grains leaked from the dust removal processing chamber 68 are directly made into single grains by the second processing cylinder 70, and are swung from the receiving net 75 in front of the second processing chamber 67. It is sent to 51 and there exists an effect that a grain can be collected efficiently.
[0038]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the crossflow fan 91 is provided in the rear part of the threshing apparatus 15, and among the dust discharged | emitted in the threshing apparatus 15 containing the dust removal process chamber 68, the waste and dust with light specific gravity are included. Air is sucked by blowing air by rotation of the cross flow fan impeller 91a, blown out in the direction of arrow L from the cross flow fan outlet 91b (FIG. 4), and discharged to the outside of the combine 1.
[0039]
Of the dust that has fallen as indicated by the arrow M (FIG. 4) from the chamber where the cross-flow fan 91 is located to the end of the swing shelf 51, a slightly longer waste is received by the strola rack 62, and the swing shelf 51 is swung. It is discharged from the end portion of the swing shelf 51 as shown by the arrow F by the dynamic motion and the air blowing force of the Kara 79 and discharged to the field. Further, among the dust particles, those having a small diameter and heavy specific gravity, such as the second grain and the third grain, pass through the Strollac 62 or the sheave 53 at the end of the swing shelf 51 in the direction of the arrow G, and the second shelf board. It falls to 85 and processed in the second processing chamber 67 again.
[0040]
The threshing cereals (cocoons) that have been threshed in the material to be processed that have traveled in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5 and have reached the end of the handling chamber 66 are shown in FIG. It is transported in the A1 direction and put into the waste disposal chamber 95. In the waste disposal chamber 95, the cuttings finely cut by the cutting cutters 92, 93 are dropped and released to the field. Further, the cocoon can be dropped naturally without being cut by the cutter 92. The scissors cutters 92 and 93 are rotationally driven at rotational speeds controlled by drive actuators M3 and M4, respectively.
[0041]
As shown in the combine plan view of the area where the tang 79 is installed in FIG. 7 and the combine front view of the tang 79 portion of FIG. 8, the fan 79 a of the tang 79 has a tang fan 79 a over the entire width of the threshing device 15. However, in order to increase the ability to select grain and straw, the air volume of the Kara fan 79a must be increased. Therefore, if the diameter of the fan 79a is increased, the body becomes larger, and even if the rotational speed of the fan 79a is increased, the efficiency is poor, and cavitation occurs, resulting in increased noise.
[0042]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the turbo fan 97 for blowing air toward the tang 79 is provided outside the machine frame of the threshing device 15, and the tang air volume can be increased more than before without changing the size of the machine. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the power of the engine 28 disposed below the cockpit 20 is transmitted to the tang fan 79a and the dowel fan 97 via the pulley 28a, the belt 103 and the pulley 79c. Since the shaft 79b is extended to serve as the rotating shaft of the dowel fan 97, there is an advantage that the number of parts does not increase greatly.
[0043]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a turbo fan 97 for blowing air toward the red pepper 79 is provided outside the machine frame on the opposite side of the threshing device 15 having the dust removal treatment cylinder 71 and the second treatment cylinder 70. It may be configured.
[0044]
This tends to be due to the distribution 51a of the grain on the swing shelf 51 on the side where the dust removal cylinder 71 and the second cylinder 70 are located due to the rotation of the barrel 69 in the direction of arrow B. Therefore, in order to increase the amount of air sent to the side portion where more grains are likely to accumulate than the opposite side, air is blown from the outside of the machine toward the Karatsu wind tunnel on the opposite side of the dust removal treatment cylinder 71 and the second treatment cylinder 70. It is desirable to provide only the turbo fan 97.
[0045]
When a single turbo fan 97 is provided as shown in the front view of the Karatsu 79 portion of FIG. 9, the air blown from the turbo fan flows in the direction of the arrow X as shown in the plan views of the Karatsu 79 portion of FIGS. A large amount of wind can be sent by the swing shelf 51 on the side where a large amount of workpieces are accumulated.
[0046]
Further, when the clutch 98 capable of “turning on” and “turning off” the turbo fan 97 is provided, the air blown only by the red fan 79a (arrow Y in FIG. 10), the air blown by the red fan 79a and the turbo fan 97 (in FIG. 10). The amount of blown air can be made variable when the arrow X) is added. In this way, the air flow rate can be changed according to the conditions of the crop, and the condition adaptability is improved.
[0047]
Conventionally, the rotation speed of the tang fan 79a is changed to adjust the tang fan air flow rate, so that the tang fan wind tunnel vibrates when the tang fan fan volume increases, but in this embodiment, the rotation speed of the tang fan fan 79a is not increased. Even in this case, it is possible to adjust the air flow rate over a wide range by turning the turbo fan 97 on and off. Further, since the turbo fan 97 forcibly blows air into the Tanggu wind tunnel, it is possible to easily increase the amount of Tang air blowing without driving the Tanggu wind tunnel. Note that the clutch 98 in FIG. 7 can be activated when the manual switch 100 is turned on.
[0048]
When a pair of turbofans 97 are provided outside the two sides of the Kara 79, “On” and “Off” can be driven independently, so that (1) the fan only with the Kara fan 79a, (2) It is possible to switch between three levels of air flow with the tang fan 79a + one turbo fan 97, (3) air with the tang fan 79a + two turbo fans 97, and the adaptability of the tang wind according to crop conditions is improved.
[0049]
As shown in the partial side view of the combine of FIG. 11 and the front view of the tang portion of FIG. 12, a shutter 101 is provided at the tang suction port 99 portion between the tang fan 79 a and the turbo fan 97, and the shutter 101 is opened. Depending on the degree, it is possible to adjust the selection of tangs. When the shutter 101 is fully closed, the air blown by the red fan 79a is reduced, and when the shutter 101 is fully opened, the air blown by the hot fan 79a and the air blown by the turbo fan 97 can be used. Compared with the configuration in which the shutter 101 is provided outside the turbo fan 97, the adjustment range of the Kara sorting air volume by opening and closing the shutter 101 becomes larger.
[0050]
As shown in the front view of the tang portion in FIG. 13, on the tang shaft 79b, an input pulley 79c for transmitting driving force from the tang portion fan 79a, the turbo fan 97 and the engine 28 to the tang portion fan 79a, and a sorting drive output pulley from the tang portion 79. 79d, an input pulley 79c and a sorting drive output pulley 79d are arranged outside the red fan 79a on the red shaft 79b, and a turbo fan 97 is arranged outside the input pulley 79c. The pulley 79d is positioned in the vicinity of the bearing 79e of the rod shaft 79b supported by the body frame 102 of the threshing device 15, the amount of overhang from the bearing 79e is reduced, the body strength is increased, and the selection transmission system The drive system of the turbo fan 97 can be placed close to the fuselage frame 102 on which the belts are laid out. You can configure devices 15. Further, by disposing the turbo fan 97 outside the input pulley 79c and the sorting drive output pulley 79d, the turbo fan 97 can suck the atmosphere without the obstacle of the pulley 79c and the sorting drive output pulley 79d, and the blowing efficiency is improved. In addition, the maintenance is facilitated by disposing the rod shaft 79b outside the pulley 79c.
[0051]
In the control device of the darbo fan 97 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the detected values of the flow rate detection sensors 105, 106, 107 of the grain flow rate, the straw flow rate, and the second reduced kernel provided in the threshing device 15, When the clutch 98 of the turbofan 97 is configured to be “ON” and “OFF”, when the grain processing amount of the threshing device 15 increases, the turbofan 97 is turned on to increase the amount of tangy wind, and the grain processing amount is small. It reduces the amount of air blown by tang and can supply the amount of tang bream that matches the grain processing conditions of the threshing device, improving the air blowing sorting ability compared to the conventional method. The arrangement positions of the sensors 105 to 107 are shown in the combine schematic side sectional view of FIG.
[0052]
In conjunction with the combined vehicle speed range, (1) Kara fan 79a only, (2) Kara fan 79a + first turbo fan 97, (3) Kara fan 79a + first turbo fan 97 + second turbo fan 97 It may be configured to be switchable to three types of driving states. In this case, when the vehicle speed is increased or decreased by the detection value of the vehicle speed sensor 109, the processing amount of the threshing device 15 increases or decreases. In this way, it is possible to perform highly accurate sorting by changing the amount of air blown in steps with the change in vehicle speed.
[0053]
When the harvesting device 6 is in the raised position and when the combine is turning in the corner of the field, there is less work to be processed in the threshing device 15, and if the amount of tang wind is not reduced, soot spreads outside the machine body. As shown in the flow chart, when the combine turns the field corner, the clutch 98 of the turbo fan 97 is set to “disengaged”. Alternatively, when the mowing device 6 is in the raised position, the clutch 98 of the turbo fan 97 is set to “disengaged”. Further, the turbo fan clutch 98 is set to “ON” so that the air can be blown by the turbo fan 97, and for example, the threshing loss at the time of turning the field corner can be reduced.
[0054]
As shown in the front view of the tang portion of the threshing device 15 shown in FIG. 17 and the side view of FIG. 18, a turbo fan 97 for blowing air toward the tang portion wind tunnel is provided outside the tang portion fan 79a, which is the rotational axis of the tang portion fan 79a. The engine 28 is driven with the hollow shaft 79b as a hollow shaft, and a rotating shaft 97b of a turbofan is provided in the hollow shaft. The rotational speed of the tang fan 79a is constant, but the rotational speed of the turbo fan 97 may be variable. At this time, by making the rotational speed of the turbo fan 97 variable, it is possible to make the air volume of the selected wind by the tang fan 79 a variable, and further, by changing the rotational speed by the turbo fan 97, it is possible to expand the air volume change region. As a mechanism for changing the rotational speed of the turbo fan 97, for example, a belt-type continuously variable transmission 113 supported by the airframe is used to drive a pulley 97c on a rotating shaft 97b of the turbo fan 97. The variable mechanism for the rotational speed of the turbo fan 97 is not limited to the belt type continuously variable transmission 113, and a variable motor or the like may be used.
[0055]
FIG. 19 shows that the relationship between the rotational speed of the tang fan 79a and the turbo fan 97 and the air volume of the selected air is variable, but the variable range of the selected air flow can be made larger than in the past.
[0056]
A transmission pulley for the continuously variable transmission 113 is positioned in the vicinity of the bearing supported by the machine frame of the threshing device 15 by the continuously variable transmission 113, and an overhang from the machine frame / bearing 79 e to the continuously variable transmission 113. The amount is reduced and the machine frame strength is improved. Further, by disposing the turbo fan 97 outside the continuously variable transmission 113, the turbo fan 97 can suck the atmosphere without obstruction of the pulley 79d, and the blowing efficiency is improved.
[0057]
The belt type continuously variable transmission 113 can continuously change the size of one rotation of the endless belt by continuously changing the distance between the pair of pulleys 97c by a motor, and the actuator (motor) 114 for the endless belt can be continuously changed. The magnitude of one revolution of 115 can be adjusted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a left side surface of a combine that performs a grain harvesting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the combine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the combine of FIG. 1;
4 is a side cross-sectional view of the combine threshing device of FIG. 1; FIG.
5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional plan view of a combine threshing device as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 4; FIG.
6 is a diagram showing an elevational cross section of the combine threshing device as viewed in the direction of arrows CC in FIG. 4; FIG.
FIG. 7 is a combine plan view of an area in which a red pepper of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4 is installed.
8 is a combine front view of the tang portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a front view of a red pepper portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a red pepper portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 11 is a partial side view of the combine of FIG. 1;
12 is a front view of a red pepper portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a tang portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a control device for the combine darbo fan of FIG. 1;
FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional side view of the combine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 16 is a drive control flow diagram of the turbofan when the combine of FIG. 1 turns the field corner.
FIG. 17 is a front view of a red pepper portion of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4;
FIG. 18 is a side view of the threshing apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the rotational speed of the tang fan and the turbo fan of the threshing apparatus of FIG. 4 and the air volume of the sorting air.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combine 2 Traveling frame 3 Traveling device 4 Crawler 6 Mowing device 7 Weeding tool 8 Grain raising device 14 Feed chain 14a Feed chain pinching 14b Spring 14c Rail guide 15 Threshing device 16 First cereal cylinder 18 Vertical auger 19 Horizontal auger 20 Pilot seat 28 Engine 28a Pulley 30 Glen tank 31a Tank main body 31b Auxiliary tank 50 Sorting part 51 Oscillating shelf 51a Transfer shelf 53 Sheave 62 Strolac 63 Sorting net 64 First shelf board 65 First spiral 66 Handling chamber 66a Inlet 67 No. 2 processing chamber 68 Dust processing chamber 68a Dust processing chamber inlet 69 Handling cylinder 69a Teeth 70 No. 2 processing cylinder 70a Processing teeth 70b No. 2 processing cylinder blower blade 71 Dust disposal cylinder 71a Spiral 74 Handling net 75 No. 2 Processing cylinder receiving net 76 Receiving net 79 Kara 79a Kara fan 79b Rotating shaft 7 c, 97c Pulley 79d Sorting drive output pulley 79e Bearing 85 Second shelf plate 86 Second spiral 87 Second lifting cylinder 91 Cross flow fan 91a Cross flow fan impeller 91b Cross flow fan outlet 92, 93 Cutter 95 Sputtering Processing chamber 97 Auxiliary fan 97b Rotating shaft 98 Clutch 99 Karatsu suction port 100 Manual operating means 101 Shutter 102 Machine frame 103 Belt 104 Controller 105 Grain flow rate detection sensor 106 Wall flow rate detection sensor 107 No. 2 reduced grain flow rate detection sensor 109 Vehicle speed Sensor 113 Belt type continuously variable transmission 114 Actuator (motor) 115 Endless belt 311a 籾 discharge port 311b 籾 discharge port M3, M4 Drive actuator

Claims

A handling chamber (66) provided with a handling cylinder (69) for separating the grain from the cereal, and a second object in the workpiece obtained by processing the cereal that has passed through the handling chamber (66) A second processing chamber (67) provided with a second processing cylinder (70) for processing
Dust processing cylinder (71) which is provided in the vicinity of the second processing chamber (67) and which mainly processes swarf in the processed material obtained by processing the cereal straw that has passed through the handling chamber (66). A dust disposal chamber (68) comprising:
A swing shelf (51) for sieving the workpieces falling from the handling chamber (66), the second processing chamber (67) and the dust removal processing chamber (68);
In the threshing apparatus provided with the tang (79) for blowing and sorting the workpiece falling from the swing shelf (51),
An auxiliary fan (97) for blowing air into the tang (79) is provided on the outside of the tang (79) and at least on the opposite side of the dust disposal cylinder (71) and the second processing cylinder (70). ,
Furthermore, each auxiliary fan (97) is provided with driving means (98, 100) capable of independent driving,
Of the auxiliary fan (97), only the auxiliary fan (97) on the opposite side of the arrangement part of the dust removal cylinder (71) and the second treatment cylinder (70) is driven, and the dust discharge cylinders (71) and 2 are driven. The air volume of the auxiliary fan (97) on the side opposite to the arrangement part of the number processing cylinder (70) is determined by the air volume of the auxiliary fan (97) on the arrangement part side of the dust processing cylinder (71) and the second processing cylinder (70). Threshing device characterized in that it also increases.

2. The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation axis of the auxiliary fan (97) is provided coaxially with the rotation axis (79b) of the tang fan (79a).

The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising manual operation means (100) for manually turning on and off the rotational drive of the auxiliary fan (97).

Load detecting means (105 to 107) for detecting the size of the threshing processing load, and a control device for controlling the driving of the auxiliary fan (97) according to the size of the threshing processing load of the load detecting means (105 to 107). The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising (104).