JP4050232B2 - 可変伸縮性複合体とその製造方法 - Google Patents
可変伸縮性複合体とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4050232B2 JP4050232B2 JP2003541515A JP2003541515A JP4050232B2 JP 4050232 B2 JP4050232 B2 JP 4050232B2 JP 2003541515 A JP2003541515 A JP 2003541515A JP 2003541515 A JP2003541515 A JP 2003541515A JP 4050232 B2 JP4050232 B2 JP 4050232B2
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/4902—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
- A61F13/15585—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/15593—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers having elastic ribbons fixed thereto; Devices for applying the ribbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
- B29C55/08—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique transverse to the direction of feed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Description
(I)R’−Ly−(Q−Lx)n−1−Q−Ly−R;
(II)R’−Ly−(Q−Lx)n−R;
(III)R’−(Q−Lx)n−R;
(IV)R’−(Q−Lx)n−1−Q−Ly−R;
(V)R’−(Q−Lx)n−1−Q−R;又は
これらの混合物;
式中、Qは置換又は非置換の二官能性芳香族部分であってもよく;LはCH2であり;R及びR’は同じか又は異なっており、H、CH3、COOH、CONHR1、CONR1R2、NHR3、NR3R4、ヒドロキシ、又はC1〜C30のアルコキシから独立して選択され;このとき、R1、R2、R3、及びR4は同じか又は異なっており、H又はC1〜C30の直鎖又は分枝鎖アルキルから独立して選択され;xは1〜30の整数;yは1〜30の整数;nは1〜7の整数である。相変化溶媒の詳細な開示は、2002年7月31日申請の米国仮特許出願番号60/400,282号に見出すことができる。
(融解粘度試験)
エラストマー部材を構成するエラストマー組成物の融解粘度は、RDA II粘度計(リオメトリクス(Rheometrics)製造)又はAR1000粘度計(TAインストルメンツ(TA Instruments)製造)を使用して、平行プレートモードで測定することができる。較正、試料処理、及び機器の操作は、一般に製造業者の操作マニュアルに従う。この試験に特有に使用される試験条件は、本明細書に開示する。この試験では、試料を直径25mmの2枚の平行なプレートの間に配置し、そのプレートの間には1.5mmの隙間を有する。試料チャンバーを175℃まで加熱して保持する。融解粘度は、せん断速度1s−1と伸張5%の振動における定常状態で測定する。
(i)エラストマー部材の試料調製
エラストマー部材の特性は、成型フィルムから形成される試験試料によって得られる。エラストマー部材を形成するエラストマー組成物約5gを2枚のシリコンコーティングされたリリースフィルムに挟み、約150〜200℃に加熱して、カーバー(Carver)ハンドプレスで1分間十分な圧力下で加圧し、エラストマー組成物を凝固させる。その後、圧力を除いてフィルムを放冷する。成型されるエラストマー組成物の種類に応じて、温度及び圧力を適切に調整することができる。均一な厚さのフィルムを得るために、厚さ0.010インチ(0.254mm)のシムを使用する。試験試料を特定の試験及び/又は機器に合ったサイズに切断し、成型フィルムから取り外す。例えば、本明細書で使用する試料は1インチ×3インチ(25.4mm×76.2mm)である。すべての試料表面には、目に見えるひび、孔、傷、又は欠陥があってはならない。
複合体の伸縮性を有する区域から、1インチ×3インチ(25.4mm×76.2mm)サイズの試料を得る。弾性複合体は方向性を持った特性を示すことがあり、試料内のエラストマー部材の向きに応じて、複合体を異なる方向で測定する場合と同じ結果が得られないことが認められている。従って、特定の伸縮性を有する区域から得る試料は、複合体の代表的な方向性を持った特性を示すように、4つの異なる向きで準備される。具体的には、第一の方向が長手方向軸線と一直線になり、第二の方向が第一の方向に対して垂直、第三及び第四の方向が第一の方向に対して+/−45°になるように、試料を特定の伸縮性を有する区域から得る。第一の方向は縦方向(つまり、エラストマー部材が基材に付加されるプロセスで基材が移動する方向)であることができるが、必ずしもそうである必要はない。それぞれの向きに沿った少なくとも3つの試料を準備する。複合体が目で見てほぼ均質であれば、これらの方向性を持った試料は隣接した伸縮性を有する区域から得ることができる。複合体が目で見て区域ごとに均質でなければ、これらの方向性を持った試料は、同じ複合材料の複数の品から得られる同じ伸縮性を有する区域から得ることができる(例えば、3回繰り返しの方向性を持った試料は、3つのおむつの同じ伸縮性複合材料から得ることができる)。一般的に、目で見てエラストマー部材の密度が最も高いと認められる区域を伸縮性を有する区域として選択する。複合体の方向性を持った特性を十分に特徴付けるには、2以上の伸縮性を有する区域を試験することが一般的であるが、必ずしも必要ではない。3回繰り返しの試料がそれぞれ同じになるように注意する必要がある。伸縮性を有する区域がこれらの1インチ×3インチ(25.4mm×76.2mm)の試料を取れるほど大きくない場合は、可能な限り大きい試料サイズを試験に使用し、試験方法を適切に調整する。すべての試料表面には、目に見えるひび、傷、又は欠陥があってはならない。
インストロンエンジニアリング社(Instron Engineering Corp.、マサチューセッツ州キャントン)又はシンテックエムティーエスシステムズ社(SINTECH-MTS Systems Corporation、ミネソタ州エデンプレーリー)から市販されている張力テスターを本試験に使用することができる。試験速度及びその他の試験パラメータを制御し、データを収集、計算及び報告するために、機器をコンピュータに接続する。ヒステリシスは一般的な実験室の条件下(つまり、室温約20℃、相対的湿度約50%)で測定する。
このヒステリシス試験では、複合体試料に前もって伸張を与えず、75%の伸張における負荷を複合体の坪量の85gsmに標準化する。この試験では、上記の手順1〜4を実施し;手順4終了後に0%の伸張で1分間保持し;その後直ちに手順7(a〜e)を実施する。
反応フラスコに入ったクロロホルム1500ml中でオクタノール260g(2モル)を塩化テレフタロイル404g(2モル)及び1,12−ドデカンジオール202g(1モル)と化合させ、一般式(I)を有する相変化溶媒を調製する。混合物を減圧下で撹拌しながら55℃で20時間反応させて、反応により生成されたHClを除去する。混合物を室温まで冷却することにより、反応を終了させる。得られた反応混合物を大量のメタノールに加えて、生成物を沈殿させる。沈殿物をフィルタで収集し、メタノール500mlで3回洗浄して、減圧乾燥機で45℃で20時間乾燥する。
実施例1のエラストマー組成物を、直接グラビアシステム(ロト−サーム社(Roto-therm Inc.、カリフォルニア州ラディング)から市販されている)を使用して約175℃の温度で処理する。直接グラビアシステムには、タンク、バス、ホース、模様付きスチールロール(つまり、グラビアロール)、及びバックアップロールが含まれる。タンクはエラストマー組成物を保持する。このタンクは、エラストマー組成物をバスに移送するための導管として働くホースと接続している。これらすべての構成要素は、エラストマー組成物が印刷プロセス中にほぼ一定温度に保たれるように、約175℃に加熱される。グラビアロールは直径9.3インチ(0.236m)であり、同様に約175℃に加熱される。グラビアロールは、エラストマー組成物を連続した3つのらせん模様で基材に付着するための溝と平面を表面上に有している(図3には示していない)。溝は幅が0.020インチ(0.51mm)、深さが0.0075インチ(0.19mm)で、平面は幅が0.023インチ(0.58mm)である。グラビアロール上の模様の合計の幅は5インチ(0.127m)である。バックアップロールは直径6.25インチ(0.158m)であり、ショアA(Shore A)硬度55を有するようにシリコンゴムから製造されている。基材は、約22g/平方メートルの坪量を有する高伸長カード(HEC)のポリプロピレン不織布ウェブ(BBAノンウォーバンズ社(BBA Nonowovens Inc.、サウスカロライナ)から市販されている)である。
このプロセスは、オフセットグラビア印刷法を使用する以外は実施例2と類似している。エラストマー組成物は、最初にグラビア印刷ロールからシリコンリリースペーパー(ウェイテック・コーポレーション(Waytek Corporation、オハイオ州スプリングボロ)から市販されている)に移動され、その後、基材34を別のゴムロール間で加圧して、リリースぺーパーから基材に完全に移される。これらのゴムロールは加熱されていないので、エラストマー組成物はこのオフセット印刷工程中に冷却され、175℃の処理温度より低い温度で基材と接触する。その結果、不織布基材の繊細な構造が熱で損傷する可能性が減少する。
Claims (8)
- 可変伸縮性複合体を製造するプロセスであって、前記プロセスが、
(a)第一の延伸性がある繊維性基材を付与する工程と;
(b)流体状態の第一のエラストマー組成物を基材の第一の伸縮性を持たせた区域に直接的又は間接的に印刷して、1以上の第一のエラストマー部材を形成する工程と;
(c)流体状態の第二のエラストマー組成物を基材の第二の伸縮性を持たせた区域に直接的又は間接的に印刷して、1以上の第二のエラストマー部材を形成することにより、複合予備形成体を形成する工程と;
(d)第一又は第二の伸縮性を持たせた区域内で複合予備形成体の少なくとも一部分を漸増的に伸張し、基材を恒久的に伸長することにより、可変伸縮性複合体を形成する工程と;
を含み、第一及び第二のエラストマー部材が、弾性、融解粘度、組成物、形状、模様、付加レベル、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される特性において異なることを特徴とするプロセス。 - 工程(c)が更に、架橋、硬化、乾燥、冷却、強化、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される1以上の工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 第二のエラストマー部材の弾性に対する第一のエラストマー部材の弾性の割合が、1.1〜10の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 第二のエラストマー部材の付加レベルに対する第一のエラストマー部材の付加レベルの割合が、1.05〜3の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- エラストマー部材の合計付加レベルが、第一及び第二の伸縮性を持たせた区域で5〜200g/m2の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 第一及び第二の伸縮性を持たせた区域の開放面積が、伸縮性を持たせた区域の合計面積の10〜80%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 複合体の第一及び第二の伸縮性を持たせた区域が、5〜400N/mの弾性を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 第一及び第二のエラストマー組成物が、175℃、1s−1で測定するとき、1〜150Pa・sの範囲の粘度を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれかのプロセス。
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2006
- 2006-05-22 US US11/438,557 patent/US7819853B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US9066834B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
US7862549B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
US8523834B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
US20040193133A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
CN1297393C (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
JP2005508264A (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
US20110061793A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
US20060212017A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
EP1448133A2 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
US20060271006A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
DE60214222D1 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
WO2003039420A2 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
US20130310792A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
US7819853B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
US7056411B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
CN1610531A (zh) | 2005-04-27 |
DE60214222T2 (de) | 2007-07-26 |
EP1448133B1 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
US20060271007A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
US20100094240A9 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2003039420A3 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
US20030088228A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
ATE336979T1 (de) | 2006-09-15 |
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