JP4029358B2 - Widening construction method of shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for widening a shield excavator having a widening function capable of constructing a tunnel in which the cross section changes by excavating in the ground.

For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-146776 discloses a multi-shield shield machine that widens the main body of a shield machine when it is desired to change the cross section of the tunnel.
7 is a sectional plan view of the multiple shield machine disclosed in the above publication, FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line AA of the multiple shield machine shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is shown in FIG. It is a BB arrow line view of a multiple type shield machine. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the conventional multiple shield machine has circular left and right main cutters 51 and 52, and a circular sub cutter 53 positioned on the back side between them. A structure having left and right main shield portions 57 and 59 and a central sub shield portion 61 attached to the front surface portion of the shield frame 55 having a shape corresponding to the front shape of 51 to 53 as a contour shape so as to be rotationally driven. It is a thing.

The shield frame 55 is divided into three in the vertical direction in the direction parallel to the axial center of the main cutters 51 and 52, and from the three frame portions of the main shield frame portions 55a and 55b and the central shield frame portion 55c arranged on both sides. It is configured. Each divided portion is provided with a slide guide mechanism 62 that can slide a certain amount in the left-right direction so that the left and right main shield portions 57, 59 can be slid in the left-right direction with respect to the central sub-shield portion 61, respectively. It is configured. As can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, the slide guide mechanism 62 has a structure in which slits are provided on the surface portions of the main shield frame portions 55a and 55b, and the end portions of the central shield frame portion 55c are inserted into the slits. Yes.
Further, a widening jack 63 arranged in the left-right direction is interposed between each of the main shield portions 57 and 59 and the sub shield portion 61, and the main shield portions 57 and 59 are extended by the expansion operation of the widening jack 63. The shield frame 55 is configured to be widened by sliding in the left-right direction.

  An outline of a method for constructing a tunnel by the conventional shield machine constructed as described above will be described. In the general part, while the shield frame 55 is contracted, the left and right main roads are excavated by the main cutters 51 and 52 of the left and right main shield parts 55a and 55b, and the central sub shield part is provided. The connecting part of the left and right road main line sections is excavated by the sub cutter 53 of 61.

  In the state where the general part is excavated, when the position before the required amount of the portion to be widened is reached, a copy cutter (not shown) is projected from the outer peripheral part of the main cutters 51 and 52, and the copy is made. Excavation is carried out while excessively excavating the side face of the face with a cutter so as to secure a widening space for the shield frame 55. When the widening space is formed over the required range, as shown in the left half of FIGS. 7 to 9, each widening jack 63 is extended by a predetermined amount and the main shield portions 55a and 55b are slid outward in the left-right direction. As a result, the shield frame 55 is widened by a predetermined amount, and a tunnel lining segment having a shape corresponding to the widening amount is assembled. Thereafter, further excavation and widening of the shield frame 55 are repeated as many times as necessary. Work on the lining while expanding.

  When the width of the tunnel is expanded to the required width, next, the same shape of lining is applied while performing the straight excavation of the required length while maintaining the widened state of the shield frame 55. After that, contrary to the above widening, the tunnel is gradually reduced in width and covered with a shape dimension corresponding to the amount of reduction, thereby completing an enlarged space such as an emergency parking zone.

However, in the above-described multiple shield machine, the duplication is performed by a copy cutter, and then each widening jack 63 is expanded by a predetermined amount to widen the shield frame 55 by a predetermined amount. It is difficult to smoothly widen the shield frame 55 due to obstructed earth and sand.
Further, when the width is reduced from the widened state, there is a problem that a gap is formed between the ground and the shield machine, and when the ground is soft, the ground collapses and the surrounding ground is deformed.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a widening method for a shield machine that can smoothly perform widening and minimize deformation of the surrounding ground. Yes.

(1) A method for widening a shield machine according to the present invention includes a front trunk portion having a drilling mechanism and an intake for excavating earth and sand, and a rear trunk portion having a tunnel construction portion, A shield tunneling machine widening construction method in a shield tunneling machine configured such that the rear trunk part can be moved independently in the direction of expansion and reduction of the drilling port,
A first step of moving the rear torso in the direction of expanding the excavation port and a second step of moving the front torso in the direction of expanding the excavation port from a state in which both the front torso and the rear torso are reduced in width. And comprising
During the first and second steps, excavated earth and sand are taken into the machine from the intake port of the front trunk.

  (2) In addition, the front trunk part and the rear trunk part are provided with an intake of excavated earth and sand facing the ground facing the moving direction, and when the rear trunk part or the front trunk part is widened, In addition, the earth and sand that becomes resistance is taken into the machine inside from the take-in port.

  (3) Moreover, the earth pressure which acts on the outer shell which expands is detected, and the earth and sand which becomes the resistance based on the detected earth pressure is taken into the machine inside from the intake port.

  (I) As described above, (1) includes a first step of moving the rear trunk portion in the direction of expanding the excavation port and a second step of moving the front trunk portion in the direction of expanding the excavation port, During the 1st and 2nd steps, since the excavated earth and sand was taken into the machine from the intake port of the front trunk part, when the rear trunk part and the front trunk part were moved in the direction of expanding the excavation opening, It moves to the front end side of the body part and is taken into the machine from the front body part and the intake port, and smooth widening construction can be realized.

  (Ii) According to the above (2), the excavation earth intake is provided facing the ground facing the moving direction in the front trunk part and the rear trunk part, and the widening movement of the rear trunk part or the front trunk part is performed. At this time, since the earth and sand that becomes resistance are taken into the machine from the take-in port, smoother widening construction can be realized.

  (Iii) According to the above (3), the earth pressure acting on the expanding outer shell is detected, and the earth and sand serving as the resistance is detected from the intake to the inside of the machine based on the detected earth pressure. Since it was taken in, the deformation of the surrounding ground can be minimized.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shield machine used in a widening construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a shield machine, and the shield machine 1 has a cross-sectional main body block 3, and is installed on the front left and right of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction, and has a excavation mechanism on the front end side. The left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 and the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 having a tunnel construction part on the rear side are installed on the left and right sides of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction. 1 shows a state in which the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 and the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 are widened.

The main body block 3 has a front cross-section extending in the front-rear direction and a rectangular front torso 3a, and a front cross-section extending in the width direction continuously to the front torso 3a continues to the rectangular middle torso 3b and middle torso 3b. A planar cross section extending in the front-rear direction is formed of a rectangular rear body portion 3c. A sub excavation cutter 13 for excavating the ground is provided on the front end side of the front trunk portion 3a, and a tunnel construction portion for constructing a tunnel is provided on the rear end side of the rear trunk portion 3c. .
The left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are installed in the left and right positions of the front trunk portion 3a of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction via a widening mechanism 21 indicated by a broken line in the figure, and main excavation is provided at each front end side. Cutters 15 and 17 are provided. The main excavation cutters 15 and 17 incorporate known copy cutters 31 and 32 which are extra excavation excavation mechanisms.
The left and right building blocks 9 and 11 are installed in the left and right positions of the rear body portion 3c of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction via a widening mechanism 23 indicated by a broken line in the drawing, and tunnels are provided on the rear end sides of the respective blocks. A construction part is provided.

  FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the shield machine 1 shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the internal structure of the shield machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 24 denotes a soil removal mechanism for carrying out the earth and sand generated by the excavation operations of the main excavation cutters 15 and 17 and the sub excavation cutter 13 to the rear of the shield machine 1. The earth removal mechanism 24 is provided in the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7, and right and left earth discharge pipes 25 a and 25 b that take in the earth and sand generated near the front of the respective excavation blocks 5 and 7 into the shield machine 1, and right and left earth discharge pipes The connecting pipes 27a and 27b are connected to the main soil discharging pipe 29 by connecting the 25a and 25b.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a widening mechanism for connecting the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 to the front body portion 3a of the main body block 3 so as to be widened. Reference numeral 23 denotes a widening mechanism for connecting the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 to the rear body portion 3c of the main body block 3 so as to be widen. Mechanism. These widening mechanisms 21 and 23 have the same configuration.
41 and 42 are earth pressure gauges installed on the side surfaces of the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7, respectively, and 43 and 44 are earth pressure gauges installed on the side surfaces of the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11, respectively.

3 to 5 are explanatory views (plan views) of the above-described method of widening the shield machine, in which the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, 45 is a tunnel constructed on the rear trunk side of the shield machine 1, 46 is the ground, and 47 is excavated soil that has been dug up by the copy cutters 31 and 32 and has increased fluidity.
A method for widening the shield machine will be described with reference to FIGS. When the shield machine 1 is bent in the reduced width state and reaches the position to be widened, the copy cutters 31 and 32 are protruded to start extra excavation. And it excavates until the full length of the shield machine 1 enters the Yobori zone while surging. FIG. 3 shows a state where the entire length of the shield machine 1 has entered the Yobori zone.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 are moved in the width direction to widen the rear trunk side. At this time, the excavated soil 47 having increased fluidity around the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 is pushed by the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 and moves to the front left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 side. . The excavated soil 47 around the left and right excavated blocks 5 and 7 is pushed by the excavated soil 47 from the rear and moves to the front end side of the shield machine 1. At this time, the soil removal mechanism of the left and right soil discharge pipes 25a and 25b is driven, and the excavated soil 47 pushed to the front end side is taken into the machine and discharged to the rear side of the shield machine 1.

  When the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 have been moved, the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 are moved. When the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved in the widening direction, the excavated soil 47 around the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 moves to the front end side of the shield machine 1 as in the case of the movement of the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11. Are discharged rearward from the left and right soil discharge pipes 25a, 25b. FIG. 5 shows a state where the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved to the maximum in the width direction.

  When the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 and the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 are widened, the earth pressure acting on the peripheral surface of each block is detected by the earth pressure gauges 41 to 44 so that the earth pressure does not exceed a certain level. Control the movement speed of each block. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the earth pressure on the peripheral surface of each block from rapidly increasing and the surrounding ground from changing.

  In addition, in said embodiment, although it is an example which performs an extra excavation previously, when the surrounding ground of a shield machine is soft, widening construction can also be performed without performing an extra excavation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of a shield machine used in another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. The shield machine shown in FIG. 6 has the structure shown in FIG. 2, and each of the excavating blocks 5 and 7 includes soil discharge pipes 26a and 26b each having a soil intake port on the outer peripheral portion. Discharge pipes 27a and 27b having earth and sand intake ports on the outer periphery are provided.

  The operation when the widening construction is performed using the shield machine shown in FIG. 6 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but when the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 or the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved. In addition, when the earth pressure increases due to the detection values of the earth pressure gauges 41 to 44, the excavated earth and sand are appropriately taken in from the earth discharging pipes 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b. By doing in this way, the movement of the right and left construction blocks 9, 11 or the left and right excavation blocks 5, 7 can be performed more smoothly.

  Moreover, when performing width reduction construction, a clearance gap will arise between a ground and each block with the movement to the width reduction direction of the right-and-left building blocks 9 and 11 or the right-and-left excavation blocks 5 and 7. FIG. Therefore, a filler such as mortar is discharged from the soil discharge pipes 26a, 26b, 27a, and 27b into the gap and injected into the gap. This makes it possible to perform an extremely smooth width-reducing construction while stabilizing the ground.

  Since the present invention is as described above, the present invention can be widely used as a widening construction method for various shield excavators having a widening function capable of constructing a tunnel that excavates underground and changes its cross section.

It is a perspective view of the shield machine used for one embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view of the shield machine used for other embodiments of the present invention. It is a cutting | disconnection top view of the conventional multiple type shield machine. It is an AA arrow line view of the multiple shield excavator shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a BB arrow view of the multiple shield machine shown in FIG. 7.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 3 Main body block 5 Left excavation block 7 Right excavation block 9 Left construction block 11 Right construction block 13 Sub excavation cutter 15, 17 Main excavation cutter 21, 23 Widening mechanism 25a, 25b, 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b Exhaust Earthen pipe 41, 42, 43, 44 earth pressure gauge

Claims (3)

It has a front torso with an excavation mechanism and excavation soil intake and a rear torso with a tunnel construction part, and the front torso and the rear torso can move independently in the direction of expanding and reducing the excavation opening. It is a widening construction method of the shield machine configured in
A first step of moving the rear torso in the direction of expanding the excavation port and a second step of moving the front torso in the direction of expanding the excavation port from a state in which both the front torso and the rear torso are reduced in width. And comprising
A method for widening a shield machine, wherein the excavated earth and sand is taken into the machine from the intake port of the front trunk during the first and second steps.   The front trunk part and the rear trunk part are provided with an intake of excavated earth and sand facing the ground facing the moving direction, and when the wide movement of the rear trunk part or the front trunk part is performed, resistance is provided. The method for widening a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein earth and sand are taken into the machine from the take-in port. The earth pressure acting on the expanding outer shell is detected, and the earth and sand serving as the resistance is taken into the machine inside from the intake port based on the detected earth pressure. Widening construction method for a shield machine.

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