JPH11159280A - Shield machine and expansion/contraction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To expand width conforming to the inclination of outside faces at expanding width so as to reduce a required outbreak quantity and expand width surely and quickly by making the outside faces of drilling blocks movable in the right and left directions to be inclined faces. SOLUTION: In this shield machine 1, a front body part 3 is connected to a rear body part 5 through a broken mechanism part, drilling blocks 11, 13 movable in the right and left directions and construction blocks 15, 17 are provided, and the outside faces of the drilling blocks 11, 13 are made to be inclined faces. When the front end of the shield machine arrives at a width expansion beginning point A, outbreak is executed by the copy cutters of drilling mechanisms 7, 9, simultaneously with it, the drilling blocks 11, 13 are gradually moved, width is expanded conforming to inclination of the outside faces, and when required width expansion is completed at a point B, the machine is drillingly advanced up to a point C as it is, and the construction blocks 15, 17 are moved to construct a tunnel expanded in width. Consequently, by the inclined sides of the drilling blocks 11, 13, the required outbreak quantity can be reduced, and the width can be expanded surely and quickly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavator capable of constructing a tunnel whose cross section changes by excavating underground and a method of enlarging and contracting the shield.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-146776 discloses a multiple shield excavator in which the body of a shield excavator is widened and excavated when the cross section of a part of a tunnel is to be changed. 18 is a cut-away plan view of the multiple shield excavator disclosed in the above publication, FIG. 19 is a view of the multiple shield excavator shown in FIG. 18 taken along the line AA, and FIG. 20 is FIG. It is a BB arrow line view of a multiple type shield machine. As shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, the conventional multiple shield excavator includes circular left and right main cutters 51 and 52,
A circular auxiliary cutter 53 located on the back side between these
Are rotatably mounted on the front surface of a shield frame 55 having a contour corresponding to the front shape of the cutters 51 to 53 so as to be rotatable.
7, 59 and a central auxiliary shield portion 61.

[0003] The shield frame 55 is divided into three parts in the vertical direction in a direction parallel to the axes of the main cutters 51 and 52, and the main shield frame parts 55 arranged on both sides are divided.
a, 55b and a central shield frame 55c. Further, each of the divided portions is provided with a slide guide mechanism 62 which can slide a predetermined amount in the left and right direction, so that the left and right main shield portions 57 and 59 can be slid in the left and right direction with respect to the central sub shield portion 61, respectively. It is configured. Further, widening jacks 63 arranged in the left and right directions are interposed between the main shield portions 57 and 59 and the sub shield portion 61, respectively.
The extension operation of the widening jack 63 causes the main shield portions 57,5.
The shield frame 55 is configured to be able to widen by sliding in the left and right directions.

[0004]

In the multiple shield excavator disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, in order to widen the ground while excavating the ground, a space in which the shield frame 55 can be widened by a copy cutter or the like in advance. It needs to be dug. At this time, since the shield frame 55 of the conventional multiple-type shield excavator is parallel to the excavation direction, in order to perform the widening operation, the excavation is carried out more than the length of the widened shield frame 55 in the excavation direction. Thereafter, it is necessary to widen the shield frame 55.

By the way, in the dug-over work with the copy cutter, the copy cutter is protruded from the main cutters 51 and 52 to the side, and the copy cutter is used to excavate a region which protrudes laterally from the shield frame 55. Since the hole for taking excavated earth and sand into the machine is provided at the front end of the shield frame 55, it is difficult to sufficiently take in the excavated earth and sand in the over-dig area when digging while digging. There is a possibility that the space for widening may not be secured as planned due to the sediment trapping.
Therefore, in order to secure the widened space as planned, it is necessary to carry out extra digging with allowance in consideration of the amount of extra digging and the remaining of excavated earth and sand.

However, there is a certain limitation on the stroke amount of the copy cutter that can be equipped due to the restriction on the space inside the machine. The widening amount in the first process must be reduced, and in order to achieve a predetermined total widening amount, it is necessary to repeat the widening process many times, and there has been a problem that rapid widening cannot be performed.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is less affected by excavated earth and sand.
An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that can be constructed without difficulty even if the width of one widening step is planned to be large, and a method of enlarging and contracting using the shield excavator.

[0008]

A shield machine according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of blocks having a digging mechanism in a body portion, and each block is configured to be movable independently of each other in a digging port expanding direction. An inclined surface is provided on an outer surface of each of the blocks so that a body portion including each of the blocks has a tapered shape diverging toward the digging direction.

A shield machine in which a body portion includes a plurality of blocks having an excavation mechanism, and each block is configured to be movable independently of each other in an excavation port enlarging direction,
Each of the blocks is configured to be swingable in the moving direction.

[0010] Further, a plurality of blocks having the excavation mechanism are provided in a front body portion, and a tunnel construction block movable in an excavation opening enlarging direction is provided in a rear body portion.

Further, each of the blocks is configured to be movable in the direction of reducing the excavation opening.

Further, in the widening method according to the present invention, there is provided a first widening step of digging while gradually widening the front body along the extension of the taper, and a state in which the front body is widened. And a second widening step of widening the rear trunk portion in the space created by the widening step.

Further, the step of swinging the rear end side of the block of the front body portion to make the front body portion tapered so as to diverge toward the excavation direction, and the first step of excavating while gradually widening the front body portion. A widening step, a digging step of digging with the front trunk part widened, and a step of moving the block of the front trunk part in the space formed by the widening digging step to release the tapered state and widen the rear trunk part. 2 widening step.

Further, after the second widening step, there is provided a narrowing step of reducing the tunnel diameter.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield machine, a front trunk 3, a rear trunk 5 behind the front trunk 3,
And a folding mechanism 6 between the front body 3 and the rear body 5. Left and right excavation blocks 1 that have excavation mechanisms 7 and 9 at the front end and are movable in the left and right directions on both sides of the front trunk 3.
1, 13 are provided. The excavating mechanisms 7 and 9 are provided with a known copy cutter (not shown) for excavation.

A sub-digging mechanism (not shown) similar to that shown in the prior art is provided between the left and right digging mechanisms 7 and 9 to move the left and right digging blocks 11 and 13 outward. When there is a gap between the left and right excavation mechanisms 7, 9,
The excavation between the left and right excavation mechanisms 7 and 9 can be performed by the sub-excavation mechanism. On both sides of the rear trunk 5, left and right building blocks 15, 17 having a tunnel building portion at the rear end side and movable in the left-right direction are provided. A segment assembling operation is performed inside the trunk 5, and a tunnel 18 is constructed.

The outer surfaces of the left and right excavation blocks 11 and 13 are provided with inclined surfaces.
Is formed so as to be tapered so that the front trunk portion 3 includes a bulge toward the digging direction (so that the front portion in the digging direction expands). Further, the shield machine 1 is configured such that the front trunk 3 and the rear trunk 5 can be bent by the action of the center folding mechanism 6.

FIGS. 2 to 5 are explanatory views of a method for widening the shield machine 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Hereinafter, the widening method will be described with reference to FIGS. When the front end of the shield machine 1 reaches the widening start point A (see FIG. 2), a copy cutter (not shown) is protruded from the outer peripheral portions of the excavating mechanisms 7 and 9 to perform extra dug by the copy cutter and to perform left and right excavation blocks 11. , 13 are moved in the direction of expanding the excavation hole, and the right and left excavation blocks 11, 13 widen a predetermined required amount while the front end sides of the left and right excavation blocks 11, 13 are extended along the tapered line (B). Excavation point) (see Fig. 3).

The amount of extra digging when widening the left and right excavation blocks 11 and 13 is an amount for securing a space necessary for widening the front ends of the left and right excavation blocks 11 and 13 (that is, on the extension of the inclination of the taper). Is sufficient, so the amount may be small. Next, while maintaining the state after widening by a predetermined amount, C
When digging to the point, the rear end of the rear trunk 5 reaches the point B (see FIG. 4). In the excavation process from the point B to the point C, the front trunk 3 is widened by a required amount, the excavation is excavation by the left and right excavation mechanisms 7 and 9, and excavated soil is generated only on the front end side. Since the excavated earth and sand can be reliably taken into the cabin, a space for widening can be reliably formed. Thereafter, the left and right building blocks 15 and 17 are widened by a predetermined amount to build a widened tunnel (see FIG. 5).
At this time, a space necessary for widening is formed on the left and right sides of the rear trunk portion 5, so that the rear trunk portion 5 can be easily widened.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 6 is a plan view of a shield machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the present embodiment,
Left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 swingable in the widening direction instead of left and right excavation blocks 11 and 13 in the first embodiment.
It is provided with. These left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23
Has a configuration capable of swinging in the widening direction. The rear end sides of the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 can be moved inboard from the state shown in FIG. 6, and conversely, the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 can be moved outward from the front end side.

Therefore, for example, when the rear ends of the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 are moved inboard from the state shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. It can be tapered.
A sub-excavation mechanism (not shown) is provided between the left and right excavation mechanisms 7 and 9, and swings or moves the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 between the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23. As in the first embodiment, the excavation between the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 can be performed by the sub-excavation mechanism even when a gap is generated.

FIGS. 8 to 11 are explanatory views of a widening construction method using the shield machine shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. Hereinafter, the widening method will be described with reference to FIGS. When the front end of the shield machine reaches the widening start point A (see FIG. 8), the rear ends of the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 are once drawn into the in-machine example, and the front body is similar to the shield machine of the first embodiment. A tapered surface is formed on the portion 3 (see FIG. 9).

In this state, as in the first embodiment, the front trunk 3
Is excavated to a point B where the front end side widens by a predetermined amount (see FIG. 10), and while maintaining this state, the excavation proceeds to a point C where the rear end of the rear trunk 5 reaches the point B. The excavation at this time is an excavation in a state where the front end of the front trunk portion 3 is widened as in the first embodiment, and it is possible to excavate while taking in the earth and sand more reliably than the excavation by the copy cutter.

When the rear end of the rear trunk 5 reaches the point B, a space for widening is formed behind the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23, and the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 are formed in this space. The rear end side is pulled out, and the left and right building blocks 15 and 17 are moved outward to widen the rear trunk 5. In this case, since the excavated earth and sand is taken in reliably, the outward movement of the left and right building blocks 15 and 17 and the widening of the rear trunk portion 5 can be performed smoothly without difficulty.

In the case of the shield machine according to the first embodiment, if the taper amount of the front body 3 is increased, adverse effects such as collapse of the side ground may be caused. However, in the case of the shield machine according to the second embodiment, In the normal excavation process, since the side surface of the front body 3 is parallel to the excavation direction, there is no adverse effect such as collapse of the side ground.
Also, at the time of widening work, by adjusting the amount of swing according to the state of the ground, it is possible to prevent adverse effects such as collapse of the ground at the time of widening work.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 12 to 17 are diagrams illustrating another example of the widening construction method using the shield machine described in the second embodiment. Hereinafter, the widening method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. When the front end of the shield machine reaches point A (see FIG. 12), a copy cutter (not shown) is protruded from the outer peripheral portions of the excavating mechanisms 7 and 9, and excavation is performed by the copy cutter while excavating. The tapered surface is formed on the front body 3 by moving the front end sides of the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 outward (see FIG. 13).

In this case, the surplus space is theoretically sufficient to have a triangular cross section as shown by oblique lines in FIG.
As shown in (1), the amount of digging can be reduced as compared with the amount of extra digging of the rectangular cross section required when the left and right digging blocks 21 and 23 are moved in parallel. In addition, even when the excavated soil is not sufficiently taken in when a certain amount of extra excavation is performed as in the conventional technique, the amount of excavated soil is small when the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 swing. As a result, the width can be expanded relatively smoothly.

Next, excavation is performed until the rear end of the rear body 5 reaches the point B while maintaining the tapered surface formed on the front body 3 (see FIG. 16). The excavation at this time is an excavation in a state where the front end of the front trunk portion 3 is widened, and it is possible to excavate while taking in the earth and sand more reliably than the excavation by the copy cutter as in the second embodiment. It is.

When the rear end of the rear trunk 5 reaches the point B, a space is formed behind the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23. In this space, the rear ends of the left and right excavation blocks 21 and 23 extend outward. And left and right building blocks 1
5 and 17 are moved outward to widen the rear trunk 5 (FIG. 17).
reference). In this case, since the excavated earth and sand is taken in reliably, the outward movement of the left and right building blocks 15 and 17 and the widening of the rear trunk portion 5 can be performed without difficulty.

The excavation process in the above embodiment is performed by a known driving source such as a hydraulic jack provided in the shield machine.

In the first to third embodiments, only the case of widening construction has been described.
The narrowing construction can also be performed using the shield machine shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to quickly and reliably construct a shield tunnel having a variable cross section in which the tunnel diameter increases and decreases.

[0032]

As described above, in the present invention, the inclined surface is provided on the outer surface of each block so that the body portion including the plurality of blocks is tapered so as to expand toward the excavation direction. The amount of extra excavation required for widening is small, and it is not necessary to consider the adverse effects caused by the remaining of excavated earth and sand. As a result, the number of times of the widening process for performing the predetermined total widening amount can be reduced, so that the cost can be reduced.

Further, since each block is configured to be swingable in the direction of movement, the body can be tapered by swinging each block, and the block necessary for widening each block in the same manner as described above. The amount of surplus digging is small, and it is not necessary to consider the adverse effects caused by remaining excavated earth and sand, so that reliable and quick widening is possible. Further, since the swing amount can be adjusted according to the state of the excavated ground, it is possible to prevent the ground from being collapsed during widening work.

Further, a shield excavator having a plurality of blocks having an excavation mechanism in a front body portion and a tunnel construction block movable in an excavation port expanding direction provided in a rear body portion is provided.
After widening the front torso, digging for a certain distance,
Since the rear trunk portion is widened, a widening space necessary for widening the rear trunk portion can be reliably formed, and rapid and reliable widening is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of the shield machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a surplus digging amount according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a surplus digging amount to be compared for explaining the surplus digging amount according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a widening construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a plan sectional view of a conventional multiple shield excavator.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the multiple shield excavator shown in FIG.
FIG.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the multiple shield excavator B- shown in FIG.
FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 3 Front torso 5 Rear torso 7, 9 Left and right excavation mechanism 11, 13 Left and right excavation block 15, 17 Left and right construction block

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tosumi Ino 1-25-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiji Abe 2-16-9 Kabukicho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Wakiko Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuo Fujii, Inventor 2-16-9 Kabukicho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Narita Kiko Co., Ltd. (72) Masayuki Nishibuchi 1-1-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Hayashi 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan Inside Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Kobayashi 1-1-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan Inside Steel Pipe Co., Ltd.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A shield machine in which a plurality of blocks each having an excavation mechanism are provided on a body portion, and the blocks are configured to be movable independently of each other in a direction in which an excavation port expands, wherein the body portion includes the blocks. A shield excavating machine, wherein an inclined surface is provided on an outer surface of each of the blocks so that each of the blocks has a tapered shape diverging toward the excavation direction. 2. A shield machine in which a body portion includes a plurality of blocks having a digging mechanism, and each block is configured to be movable independently of each other in a direction of expanding a digging hole, wherein each of the blocks is in the moving direction. A shield machine characterized by being configured to be able to swing. 3. The rear body portion according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of blocks having the excavation mechanism are provided in a front body portion, and a tunnel construction block movable in an excavation port expanding direction is provided in a rear body portion. Shield machine. 4. The rear body portion according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of blocks having the excavation mechanism are provided in a front body portion, and a tunnel construction block movable in an excavation opening expanding direction is provided in a rear body portion. Shield machine. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the blocks is configured to be movable in a direction of reducing the excavation hole.
The shield machine described in any one of the above. 6. Along the extension of the taper,
A first widening step of digging while gradually widening the front trunk, a widening digging step of digging with the front trunk widened, and a second widening of the rear trunk in a space created by the widening digging step. The widening method using the shield machine according to claim 3, further comprising a widening step. 7. Swinging the rear end side of the block of the front body,
A step of tapering the front body toward the digging direction, a first widening step of digging while gradually widening the front body, and a digging step of digging with the front body widened, 5. The shield excavation according to claim 4, further comprising: a second widening step of moving the block of the front trunk portion in the space formed by the widening excavation process to release the tapered state and widening the rear trunk portion. Widening construction method using a machine. 8. The shield excavation according to claim 5, further comprising a step of reducing the diameter of the tunnel after the second widening step, comprising the steps of claim 6 or 7. Expansion and contraction method using a machine.