JP4269328B2 - Width reduction construction method of shield machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the width of a shield machine in a shield machine having an expansion / contraction function capable of constructing a tunnel in which the cross-section is changed by excavating in the ground.

For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-146776 discloses a multi-shield shield machine that expands and contracts the main body of the shield machine when it is desired to change the cross section of the tunnel.
7 is a sectional plan view of the multiple shield machine disclosed in the above publication, FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line AA of the multiple shield machine shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is shown in FIG. It is a BB arrow line view of a multiple type shield machine. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the conventional multiple shield machine has circular left and right main cutters 51 and 52, and a circular sub cutter 53 positioned on the back side between them. A structure having left and right main shield portions 57 and 59 and a central sub shield portion 61 attached to the front surface portion of the shield frame 55 having a shape corresponding to the front shape of 51 to 53 as a contour shape so as to be rotationally driven. It is a thing.

The shield frame 55 is divided into three in the vertical direction in the direction parallel to the axial center of the main cutters 51 and 52, and from the three frame portions of the main shield frame portions 55a and 55b and the central shield frame portion 55c arranged on both sides. It is configured. Each divided portion is provided with a slide guide mechanism 62 that can slide a certain amount in the left-right direction so that the left and right main shield portions 57, 59 can be slid in the left-right direction with respect to the central sub-shield portion 61, respectively. It is configured. As can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, the slide guide mechanism 62 has a structure in which slits are provided on the surface portions of the main shield frame portions 55a and 55b, and the end portions of the central shield frame portion 55c are inserted into the slits. Yes.
Further, an expansion / contraction jack 63 arranged in the left-right direction is interposed between the main shield portions 57, 59 and the sub shield portion 61, and the main shield portions 57, 59 are moved by the expansion operation of the expansion / contraction jack 63. The shield frame 55 can be expanded and contracted by sliding in the left-right direction.

  An outline of a method for constructing a tunnel by the conventional shield machine constructed as described above will be described. In the general part, while the shield frame 55 is expanded and contracted, the left and right main roads are excavated by the main cutters 51 and 52 of the left and right main shield parts 55a and 55b. The auxiliary cutter 53 is used to excavate the connecting portions of the left and right main road sections.

In the state where the general part is excavated, when the position before the required amount of the portion to be widened is reached, a copy cutter (not shown) is projected from the outer peripheral part of the main cutters 51 and 52, and the copy is made. Excavation is carried out while excessively excavating the side face of the face with a cutter so as to secure a widening space for the shield frame 55. When the widening space is formed over the required range, as shown in the left half of FIGS. 7 to 9, each widening jack 63 is extended by a predetermined amount and the main shield portions 55a and 55b are slid outward in the left-right direction. by the shielding frame 55 by a predetermined amount widened, assembled segments tunnel lining geometry commensurate with widening amount, thereafter, the width of the tunnel is repeated a required number of times a widening further outbreak drilling and shielding frame 55 Work on the lining while expanding.

When the width of the tunnel is expanded to the required width, next, the same shape of lining is applied while performing the straight excavation of the required length while maintaining the expanded state of the shield frame 55. After that, contrary to the above widening, the tunnel is gradually reduced in width and covered with a shape dimension corresponding to the amount of reduction , thereby completing an enlarged space such as an emergency parking zone.

However, in the multiple-type shield machine described above performs outbreak by copying cutter, then, although the shield frame 55 by a respective widened jack 63 by a predetermined amount extended by a predetermined amount widening, in fact outbreak It is difficult to smoothly widen the shield frame 55 due to the soil and sand that has been removed.
Further, when the width is reduced from the widened state, there is a problem that a gap is formed between the ground and the shield machine, and when the ground is soft, the ground collapses and the surrounding ground is deformed.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the width of a shield machine that can smoothly perform expansion and contraction and can minimize deformation of the surrounding ground. It is said.

(1) In the method of reducing the width of a shield machine according to the present invention, a filler is applied to a gap generated between the outer shell to be reduced and the ground when the width of the shield machine having the expansion / contraction function is reduced. The width-reducing construction is performed while injecting.

  (2) Further, the filler is discharged to the outside of the machine from the intake for taking the earth and sand excavated by the shield machine into the machine.

  (I) As described above, in the above (1), since the construction is performed while injecting the filler into the gap generated between the shield machine and the ground during the width reduction construction, the ground is stable. Therefore, the deformation of the surrounding ground can be suppressed.

  (Ii) According to the above (2), the excavated earth and sand are taken in from the earth and sand intake when widening, and the filler is released from the earth and sand inlet when the width is reduced. In addition to smooth widening, it is possible to reduce the width of the ground while preventing deformation of the surrounding ground.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shield machine used in the reduced width construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a shield machine, and the shield machine 1 has a cross-sectional main body block 3, and is installed on the front left and right of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction, and has a excavation mechanism on the front end side. The left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 and the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 which are installed so as to be movable in the width direction on the left and right of the rear part of the main body block 3 and have a tunnel construction part on the rear part side. 1 shows a state in which the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 and the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 are widened.

The main body block 3 has a front cross-section extending in the front-rear direction and a rectangular front torso 3a, and a front cross-section extending in the width direction continuously to the front torso 3a is continuous to the rectangular middle torso 3b and the middle torso 3b. A planar cross section extending in the front-rear direction is formed of a rectangular rear body portion 3c. A sub excavation cutter 13 for excavating the ground is provided on the front end side of the front trunk portion 3a, and a tunnel construction portion for constructing a tunnel is provided on the rear end side of the rear trunk portion 3c. .
The left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are installed at the left and right positions of the front trunk portion 3a of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction via an expansion / contraction mechanism 21 indicated by a broken line in the figure, and main excavation is provided at each front end side Cutters 15 and 17 are provided. The main excavation cutters 15 and 17 incorporate known copy cutters 31 and 32 which are surplus excavation mechanisms.
The left and right building blocks 9 and 11 are installed in the left and right positions of the rear body portion 3c of the main body block 3 so as to be movable in the width direction via an expansion / contraction mechanism 23 indicated by a broken line in the figure. A construction part is provided.

  FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the shield machine 1 shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the internal structure of the shield machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 24 denotes a soil removal mechanism for carrying out the earth and sand generated by the excavation operations of the main excavation cutters 15 and 17 and the sub excavation cutter 13 to the rear of the shield machine 1. The earth removal mechanism 24 is provided in the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7, and right and left earth removal pipes 25 a and 25 b and right and left earth discharge pipes that take in the earth and sand generated near the front of the respective excavation blocks 5 and 7 into the shield machine 1. The connecting pipes 27a and 27b are connected to the main soil discharging pipe 29 by connecting the 25a and 25b.

Reference numeral 21 denotes an expansion / contraction mechanism for connecting the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 to the front body portion 3a of the main body block 3 so as to be widened, and reference numeral 23 denotes an expansion / contraction mechanism for connecting the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 to the rear body portion 3c of the main body block 3 so Mechanism. These expansion / contraction mechanisms 21 and 23 have the same configuration.
41 and 42 are earth pressure gauges installed on the side surfaces of the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7, respectively, and 43 and 44 are earth pressure gauges installed on the side surfaces of the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11, respectively.

3 to 5 are explanatory views (plan views) of the above-described method of reducing the width of the shield machine, in which the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, 45 is a tunnel constructed on the rear trunk side of the shield machine 1, 46 is the ground, and 47 is excavated soil that has been dug by the copy cutters 31 and 32 and has improved fluidity.
A method for reducing the width of the shield machine will be described with reference to FIGS. When the shield machine 1 is dug in the reduced width state and reaches the position to be widened, the copy cutters 31 and 32 are projected to start extra digging . And it excavates until the full length of the shield machine 1 enters the surplus excavation zone while surplus . FIG. 3 shows a state in which the entire length of the shield machine 1 has entered the surplus digging zone.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 are moved in the width direction to widen the rear trunk side. At this time, the excavated soil 47 having increased fluidity around the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 is pushed by the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 and moves to the front left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 side. . The excavated soil 47 around the left and right excavated blocks 5 and 7 is pushed by the excavated soil 47 from the rear and moves to the front end side of the shield machine 1. At this time, the soil removal mechanism of the left and right soil discharge pipes 25a and 25b is driven, and the excavated soil 47 pushed to the front end side is taken into the machine and discharged to the rear side of the shield machine 1.

  When the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 have been moved, the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 are moved. When the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved in the widening direction, the excavated soil 47 around the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 moves to the front end side of the shield machine 1 as in the case of the movement of the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11. Are discharged rearward from the left and right soil discharge pipes 25a, 25b. FIG. 5 shows a state where the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved to the maximum in the width direction.

  When the left and right building blocks 9 and 11 and the left and right excavating blocks 5 and 7 are widened, the earth pressure acting on the peripheral surface of each block is detected by the earth pressure gauges 41 to 44 so that the earth pressure does not exceed a certain level. Control the movement speed of each block. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the earth pressure on the peripheral surface of each block from rapidly increasing and the surrounding ground from changing.

In addition, in said embodiment, although it is an example which pre- digs previously, when the surrounding ground of a shield machine is soft, widening construction can also be performed without performing extra digging .

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of a shield machine used in another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. The shield machine shown in FIG. 6 has the structure shown in FIG. 2, and each of the excavating blocks 5 and 7 includes soil discharge pipes 26a and 26b each having a soil intake port on the outer peripheral portion. Discharge pipes 27a and 27b having earth and sand intake ports on the outer periphery are provided.

  The operation when the widening construction is performed using the shield machine shown in FIG. 6 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but when the left and right construction blocks 9 and 11 or the left and right excavation blocks 5 and 7 are moved. In addition, when the earth pressure increases due to the detection values of the earth pressure gauges 41 to 44, the excavated earth and sand are appropriately taken in from the earth discharging pipes 26a, 26b, 27a, and 27b. By doing in this way, the movement of the left and right construction blocks 9, 11 or the left and right excavation blocks 5, 7 can be performed more smoothly.

  Moreover, when performing width reduction construction, a clearance gap will arise between a ground and each block with the movement to the width reduction direction of the right-and-left building blocks 9 and 11 or the right-and-left excavation blocks 5 and 7. FIG. Therefore, a filler such as mortar is discharged from the soil discharge pipes 26a, 26b, 27a, and 27b into the gap and injected into the gap. This makes it possible to perform an extremely smooth width-reducing construction while stabilizing the ground.

  Since the present invention is as described above, the present invention can be widely used as a method for reducing the width of various shield excavators having an expansion / contraction function capable of constructing a tunnel that excavates in the ground and changes its cross section.

It is a perspective view of the shield machine used for one embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of one embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view of the shield machine used for other embodiments of the present invention. It is a cutting | disconnection top view of the conventional multiple type shield machine. It is an AA arrow line view of the multiple shield excavator shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a BB arrow view of the multiple shield machine shown in FIG. 7.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 3 Main body block 5 Left excavation block 7 Right excavation block 9 Left construction block 11 Right construction block 13 Sub excavation cutter 15, 17 Main excavation cutter 21, 23 Expansion / contraction mechanism 25a, 25b, 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b Exhaust Clay pipe 41, 42, 43, 44 earth pressure gauge

Claims (2)

A shield machine having a width reduction work while injecting a filler into a gap generated between the outer shell to be reduced and the ground during the width reduction work of a shield machine having an expansion / contraction function. Reduced width construction method.   2. The method for reducing the width of a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the filler is discharged to the outside of the machine from an intake for taking the earth and sand excavated by the shield machine into the machine. .

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