JP4005485B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an excavation work machine such as a backhoe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Patent Document 1 states that “a swing bracket is pivotally attached to a swivel so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and a base portion of a boom is provided on the swing bracket so as to be movable up and down via a lateral pivot. In this machine, the swing bracket is sandwiched between the boom base portions, and is pivotally attached to the lateral pivot to form a space surrounded by the root portion in front of the pivot, and the hydraulic oil that has passed through the swing bracket The excavation work machine is described in which a hose group for passing through the space from the bottom upward.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-96610
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, since the hose passing through the space has an exposed portion when viewed from above, for example, falling objects such as stones and gravel from above may hit the exposed portion of the hose and be damaged.
Then, an object of this invention is to provide the excavation work machine which can prevent the damage by falling objects etc. from the upper part contacting the exposed part of a hose.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
First, the swing bracket is provided on the swivel so as to be rotatable around the vertical axis, the pivot bracket is provided at the upper end of the swing bracket, and a pair of left and right support walls are provided protruding rearward at the base of the boom. With the pivot bracket mounting part sandwiched on the rear end side of the wall, the rear end side of the left and right support walls is pivotally connected to the pivot mounting part by a lateral pivot so that the base of the boom is attached to the swing bracket. Excavation that is supported by a horizontal pivot so that it can be moved up and down, and a passage space is formed between the left and right support walls on the front side of the pivot to pass the hydraulic hose from the bottom to the top of the boom. In the work machine,
A protective cover that covers the passage space from the upper side of the boom is provided, the protective cover is formed of an elastic body such as rubber, and the front end of the protective cover is fixed to the upper end of the boom base on the front side of the support wall. The rear end portion is fixed to the upper end of the pivot attachment portion of the swing bracket and the midway portion in the longitudinal direction of the protective cover is bent downward so as to enter between the left and right support walls .
[0006]
According to this, it is possible to prevent damage caused by falling stones or the like from above entering the passage space and coming into contact with the hose.
Moreover, the protective cover can reliably block the passage space and effectively prevent damage caused by falling objects such as stones coming into contact with the hose.
Secondly , a restricting means for restricting the bending of the hydraulic hose in the passage space is provided, and the restricting means includes a hose clamp for fixing the hydraulic hose to the upper side of the boom on the front side of the passage space, and a lower side of the pivot bracket on the swing bracket. And a hose guide that guides the hydraulic hose so as to press it against the pivotally attached portion .
[0007]
For example, when the hydraulic hose bends in a curved shape as the boom moves up and down, the protective cover is pressed from the inside by the hydraulic hose, and the protective cover is bent so that the protective cover is bent outward. There is a possibility that stones or the like may enter from the gap, but by restricting the bending of the hydraulic hose by this restriction means, it is possible to prevent the gap from occurring and prevent the stone or the like from entering the passage space. .
In addition, the hose part between the hose clamp and the hose guide is pressed against the pivoting part, so there is almost no deflection (sag) in this part, and the protective cover bends so that it is curved outward of the passage space. It is possible to prevent stones and the like from entering the passage space.
[0008]
Third , a boom cylinder for moving the boom up and down is provided below the boom, and a hydraulic hose of the boom cylinder is passed through the swivel without passing through the passage space. A separation guide for guiding the hose by separating the hose and the hose that has passed through the passage space is provided.
Without this separation guide, the hydraulic hose provided on the upper side of the boom and the hydraulic hose provided on the boom cylinder are located at different positions and move in the swing bracket. However, the hydraulic hoses can be prevented from interfering with each other by providing the separation guide.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 shows the overall configuration of the excavating work machine (backhoe) 1. The traveling device 3 exemplified by the left and right crawlers 2 can travel by driving a drive sprocket by a traveling motor 4 such as hydraulic pressure.
A swivel base (swivel machine body) 7 is swiveled around the vertical axis OO through a swivel bearing 6 on the track frame 5 that substantially supports the left and right crawlers 2 on the traveling device 3 (rotated 360 °). A dozer 8 is provided at the front of the track frame 5 between the left and right crawlers 2.
[0010]
An engine 9 is mounted on the upper surface of the rear part of the swivel base 7. The engine 9 is covered with a bonnet (airframe cover) 10 and protected by a protector 11, and a seat 12 is provided on the bonnet 10.
The driving control apparatus including the seat 12 is surrounded by a cabin 13, and an entrance / exit door 14 is provided at an entrance / exit of the cabin 13 so as to be openable / closable.
A mounting bracket 15 is fixed to the middle part of the front edge of the swivel base 7 as a forward protruding shape, and a swing bracket 16 is swingable to the mounting bracket 15 via a vertical axis 17 (around the vertical axis). A swing cylinder (not shown), which is a telescopic cylinder, is interposed between the swing bracket 16 and the swivel base 7 so that the swing bracket 16 can be moved in the horizontal direction by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder. Swing operation is possible.
[0011]
The swing bracket 16 is provided with an excavator 19 that can move up and down via a pivot 18 that is a horizontal axis in the horizontal direction. The excavator 19 undulates at the tip of the boom 20 and the boom 20 (top connecting portion). It is mainly composed of an arm 21 or the like that is mounted (pivotally mounted) freely (bendable / extendable), and a bucket 22 is rotatable at the tip of the arm 21 (a squeeze operation or a scraping operation and a discharge operation or a loading operation). The excavator 19 is mounted so that excavation work such as digging and loading work can be performed by extending and contracting hydraulic actuators such as the boom cylinder 23, the arm cylinder 24, and the bucket cylinder 25. The boom cylinder 23 is disposed on the lower side of the boom 20, and a base portion of the boom cylinder 23 is pivotally attached to the swing bracket 16 via a lateral pivot.
[0012]
The mounting bracket 15 is formed integrally with a member constituting the swivel base 2 or is separately formed and attached to the swivel base 2, and the receiving portions 15U and 15E separated in the vertical direction at the front part thereof The upper and lower receiving portions 15U and 15E are formed with holes through which the vertical axis 17 is inserted.
The swing bracket 16 has bifurcated upper and lower support portions 16U and 16E each having a pair of upper and lower arms, and the upper and lower support portions 16U and 16E have holes through which the vertical axis 17 can be inserted, and are supported upward. The portion 16U is fitted to the upper receiving portion 15U, and the lower support portion 16E is fitted to the lower receiving portion 15E. The swing bracket 16 can be swung left and right to the mounting bracket 15 by inserting the vertical axis 17 through the both. It is linked to.
[0013]
8 and 9, the boom 20 has a boomerang shape in a side view and is tapered from a bent portion 20B in an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction toward each end in the longitudinal direction, and has a boomerang shape (bow shape) in a side view. Or L-shape). The main body of the boom 20 has a box shape in cross section and is hollow inside, and four corners on the top, bottom, left and right are chamfered (not shown).
A support portion 20A connected to the swing bracket 16 and supporting the boom 20 is provided at the base portion of the boom 20, and a central portion in the lateral direction of the support portion 20A is used as a body portion, and is supported on both left and right sides of the body portion. The support wall 20F is formed so as to protrude toward the swing bracket 16 side. A pivot attachment portion 16 </ b> A having an insertion hole 20 </ b> G for the pivot 18 is formed at the upper portion of the swing bracket 16.
[0014]
At the base portion of the boom 20, a passage space A is provided for passing the hydraulic hose group P led out from the swivel base 7 from the lower side to the upper side of the boom 20.
In this passing space A, the pivot 18 is inserted into the insertion hole 20G of the pivoting portion 16A through the left and right support walls 20F of the boom 20 with the pivoting portion 16A of the swing bracket 16 sandwiched between the pair of left and right support walls 20F. Is formed between the left and right support walls 20F on the front side of the pivot 18 (the pivot attachment portion 16A).
In this passage space A, a hydraulic hose group P (P1 to P6) for supplying and discharging hydraulic oil led out from the inside of the swivel 7 is passed from the lower side to the upper side. The hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 passed through the passage space A are made of steel pipes that supply and discharge hydraulic oil to and from the arm cylinder 24, bucket cylinder 25, and service port via a relay portion (one-touch coupler) 28 on the upper surface of the boom 20, respectively. Connected to the piping group 1P, the hydraulic hose group P (P1 to P6) and the steel pipe piping group 1P are all aligned (aggregated) within the upper surface width of the boom 20 and arranged in parallel.
[0015]
The hydraulic hose group P is for hydraulic equipment such as two supply / discharge hoses P1 and P2 for extending / contracting the arm cylinder 24, two supply / discharge hoses P3 and P4 for extending / contracting the bucket cylinder 25, and a breaker. There are a total of six supply / discharge hoses P5 and P6 which are the service hoses of the above, and a total of eight are provided inside the swing bracket 16 and the mounting bracket 15 together with the supply / discharge hoses P7 and P8 for expanding and contracting the boom cylinder 23. The hoses P1 to P8 are made of pressure resistant and flexible, and are inserted in the front-rear direction and connected to respective control valves (not shown) provided in the swivel base 7. It is possible to follow (bending and stretching operation, left and right swing operation, etc.).
[0016]
Further, since the difference in the hose length derived from the swivel base 7 is large at the highest position X of the boom 20 and the lowest position Y of the boom 20 shown in FIG. 4, the hose P1 is required to absorb this difference. A curved portion (length absorbing portion) P10 for absorbing the difference in length is formed inside the swivel base 7 by providing flexibility to P8 (see FIG. 2).
The hydraulic hose group P passed through the passage space A from the lower side to the upper side is fixed by a hose clamp 26 at a substantially boundary position between the support portion 20 </ b> A and the main body portion of the boom 20.
The hose clamp 26 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is provided on the upper surface side of the boom 20 on the upper surface of the support portion 20A (body portion). An insertion hole for inserting a bolt for fixing the hose clamp 26 to the support portion 20A is formed from the longitudinal end portion of the hose clamp 26, and the bolt is provided on the upper surface side of the support portion 20A of the boom 20. A screw hole to be screwed is formed, and the hose clamp 26 is fixed to the support portion 20A and the hydraulic hose group P is deformed by tightening a bolt inserted through the insertion hole into the screw hole. It is pressed and fixed to the upper surface of the body so as not to be crushed.
[0017]
The pivot attachment portion 16A of the swing bracket 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape so that the pivot shaft 18 is pivotally attached, and both longitudinal ends of the pivot attachment portion 16A are sandwiched between the left and right side walls of the swing bracket 16. Are integrally formed.
A protective cover 31 that covers the passage space A from above and protects the hydraulic hose group P is provided between the base portion of the boom 20 and the pivot attachment portion 16A of the swing bracket 16. Further, a protective cover 32 is provided to cover the hose portion between the hose clamp 26 and the relay portion 28. Hereinafter, the protective cover 31 that covers the passage space A is referred to as a first protective cover 31, and the protective cover 32 that covers the hose portion between the hose clamp 26 and the relay portion is referred to as a second protective cover 32.
[0018]
The first protective cover 31 is formed in a long plate shape by an elastic body such as rubber. The first protective cover 31 is provided to be bent so as to extend from the base portion of the boom 20 to the swing bracket 16 and into the passing space A. That is, the length of the first protective cover 31 in the longitudinal direction is larger than the distance between the hose clamp 26 and the pivoting portion 16A, and one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the hose clamp 26, and the other end The portion is fixed to the pivot attachment portion 16A.
From each end portion of the first protective cover 31 in the longitudinal direction, a hanger clamp 26 and a latching projection 33 for fixing to the pivoting portion 16A are provided. A total of four hooking projections 33 are provided, two at each end of the first protective cover 31 in the longitudinal direction. The first protective cover 31 has two hooking projections 33 on one end in the longitudinal direction hooked on the hose clamp 26, and two hooking projections 33 on the other end are hooked on the pivoting portion 16A. Thus, the passage space A is closed so as to cover the hydraulic hose group P from the support portion 20A which is the base portion of the boom 20 to the pivot attachment portion 16A. Each latching protrusion 33 has the same shape.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 6, the latching protrusion 33 is formed in a substantially rhombic shape in a side view by bending (bending) a plate-like body or a rod-like body such as metal.
As shown in FIG. 6, the hose clamp 26 has a latch hole 26 </ b> A for latching the latch protrusion 33. The diameter D of the retaining hole 26 </ b> A is slightly larger than the maximum width W of the retaining protrusion 33. When the latching projection 33 is inserted into the latching hole 26A, the bent portion 33A of the latching projection 33 is elastically deformed so as to engage with the latching hole, and the bent portion 33A pushes the latching hole 26A. When passing, the elastically deformed latching protrusion 33 returns to its original shape, and the first protective cover 31 is fixed to the hose clamp 26 by the bent portion 33A being caught in the latching hole 26A.
[0020]
The pivot bracket 16 </ b> A of the swing bracket 16 is formed with a latching recess 37 for latching a latching protrusion 33 provided on the other end in the longitudinal direction of the first protective cover 31. The first protective cover 31 is fixed to the pivotally attached portion 16A by fitting the hook into the latching recess 37.
In this way, the first protective cover 31 is provided from the trunk portion of the support portion 20A to the pivot attachment portion 16A of the swing bracket 16, thereby covering the entire passage space A, and stones or the like that have fallen from above. This prevents entry into the passage space A. Further, since the first protective cover 31 is formed of an elastic body such as rubber, even if a fallen object such as a stone collides with the first protective cover 31, the impact can be reduced (buffered). In addition, the hydraulic hose group P is protected from being damaged while following the movement of the boom 20.
[0021]
The second protective cover 32 is formed in a U shape by bending the left and right ends of a rectangular metal plate downward, and the upper surface of the base of the boom 20 is aligned so that the longitudinal direction thereof coincides with the longitudinal direction of the boom. Is provided. One end portion of the second protective cover 32 in the longitudinal direction is fixed to a fixing clamp 34 for fixing the relay portion 28 of the steel pipe piping group 1P.
The fixing clamp 34 is provided with a fixing portion 34A for fixing the second protective cover 32 at the center in the left-right direction. A screw hole 34B is formed in the fixing portion 34A, and an insertion hole 32A for a bolt shaft portion is formed on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the second protective cover 32 so as to correspond to the screw hole 34B. Then, the bolt inserted into the insertion hole 32A is screwed into the screw hole 34B and tightened, whereby the relay part 28 of the second protective cover 32 is fixed at one end thereof. The other end in the longitudinal direction of the second protective cover 32 is fixed to the hose clamp 26. That is, the bolt is inserted into the insertion hole provided on the other end side of the second protective cover 32 and through which the bolt is inserted, and the bolt is screwed into the screw hole provided in the hose clamp 26 and tightened. Thus, the other end of the second protective cover 32 is fixed to the hose clamp 26.
[0022]
The second protective cover 32 covers all the hydraulic hose groups P collected on the upper surface side of the boom 20. Further, the second protective cover 32 covers and protects the relay portion 28 between the hydraulic hose group P and the steel pipe 1P.
Therefore, when protecting the protective covers individually for each of the hydraulic hoses P1 to P6, the assembly work takes time and the appearance quality is inferior, but in the present invention, the second protective cover 32 is used. However, by protecting the relay portion 28 and the hydraulic hoses (P1 to P6) from the relay portion 28 to the hose clamp 26 so as to cover them, the assembly can be easily performed, and the appearance quality is also good.
[0023]
From the above, the hydraulic hose group P led out to the upper surface side of the boom 20 through the passage space A is almost entirely covered and protected by the first protective cover 31 and the second protective cover 32. Thus, for example, even when a stone or the like spills from the bucket 22 that is working above and falls, it is possible to prevent the fallen object from colliding with the hose portion and being damaged. It becomes like this. Between the boom 20 and the swing bracket 16, a restricting means 30 is provided for restricting the bending (slack) of the hydraulic hose group P passed through the passage space A.
[0024]
The restricting means 30 includes the hose clamp 26 and a hose guide 35 provided on the lower side of the pivot 18 of the swing bracket 16.
On the lower side of the pivoting portion 16A, a reinforcing wall 16C for reinforcing the left and right side walls is integrally formed so as to connect the side walls. The hose guide 35 is fixed to the reinforcing wall 16C.
As shown in FIG. 10, the hose guide 35 is made of metal and includes a pressing portion 35A that presses the hydraulic hose group P and a plate-like support portion 35B that supports the pressing portion 35A. The pressing portion 35A has a round bar shape, and is provided along the lateral direction so as to be substantially orthogonal (intersect) with the hydraulic hose group P passed through the passage space A. An insertion hole 35C through which a guide fixing bolt is inserted is formed in the plate-like support portion 35A so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction, and a screw hole for inserting this bolt is formed in the reinforcing wall 16C. . The hose guide 35 is fixed to the reinforcing wall 16C by inserting the shaft portion of the bolt into the insertion hole 35C, screwing the bolt into the screw hole, and tightening.
[0025]
The hose guide 35 is fixed to the reinforcing wall 16C of the swing bracket 16 so that the pressing portion 35A presses the hydraulic hose group P from the front side. The hose portion is pressed against the pivoting portion 16A. That is, the hydraulic hose P led out from the passing space A to the upper surface side of the boom 20 is fixedly held by the hose clamp 26 and further guided by the hose guide 35 so as to press the hydraulic hose against the pivoting portion 16A. The hose that passes through hardly sags.
[0026]
When this restricting means 30 is not provided, the hydraulic hose is bent in a curved shape as the boom 20 moves up and down and the first protective cover 31 is pressed, and the first protective cover 31 is moved outwardly of the passage space A. There is a possibility that a gap is formed by bending (sagging) so as to bend to the side, and falling objects such as stones may enter from the gap, but the regulation means 30 regulates the deflection (sag) of each of the hydraulic hoses P1 to P6. Therefore, it is possible to prevent such a situation from occurring, which is advantageous in this respect.
On the lower arm of the upper support portion 16U that is bifurcated above and below the swing bracket 16, hydraulic hoses P7 and P8 for the boom cylinder 23 and hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 that have passed through the passage space A are provided. A separation guide 36 is provided for guiding the hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 which are separately passed.
[0027]
The separation guide 36 includes a holding portion 36A that holds the hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 and a support portion 36B that supports the holding portion. The holding portion 36A is formed by bending a metal bar into a U shape, and is supported by being connected to the support portion 36B in a state of being spanned between the left and right side walls of the swing bracket 16. Both the holding portion 36A and the support portion 36B are made of metal, and each end portion of the holding portion 36A is integrally fixed to each support portion 36B by welding or the like.
The support portion 36B is made of a metal plate material and has bolt insertion holes formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction. Projections 40 having screw holes for screwing bolts are formed on the outer surfaces of the left and right side walls of the swing bracket 16, and the bolts inserted through the bolt insertion holes are screwed into the screw holes and tightened to support parts 20 </ b> F. Is fixed to the swing bracket 16.
[0028]
The hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 passed through the passage space A move following the movement of the boom 20, whereas the hydraulic hoses P7 and P8 for the boom cylinder 23 respond to the movement of the boom cylinder 23. Behave differently and behave differently. Accordingly, the separation guide 36 separates the hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 passed through the passage space A and the hydraulic hoses P7 and P8 for the boom cylinder 23 so as not to interfere with each other, and the hydraulic hoses P7 for the boom cylinder 23, The six hydraulic hoses P1 to P6 passed through the passage space A, which is larger in number than P8, are securely held, and the hydraulic hoses P1 to P8 surely follow the movement of the boom 20 or the boom cylinder 23. It is guiding to.
[0029]
In addition, this invention is not restricted to said embodiment, The following changes are possible.
The material of the first protective cover 31 is not limited to rubber and the like, and various other materials such as a flexible metal plate can be used. The second protective cover 32 is not limited to metal, but may be made of an elastic body such as rubber or other various materials.
In the above-described embodiment, the passage space A is provided between the support portion 20A and the pivot attachment portion 16A. Good.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent damage caused by falling objects or the like from above coming into contact with the exposed portion of the hose.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the vicinity of a boom base.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a boom base.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a boom base.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the vicinity of a boom base.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the vicinity of a boom base.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a latching protrusion.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the excavation work machine.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing the relationship between the boom and the hose group.
FIG. 9 is a rear view of the boom.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a hose guide.
[Explanation of symbols]
7 Rotating base 16 Swing bracket 17 Vertical axis 18 Axis 20 Boom 26 Hose clamp 30 Restricting means 31 Protective cover 35 Hose guide 36 Sorting guide

Claims (3)

A swing bracket is provided on the swivel so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis , a pivot attachment is provided at the upper end of the swing bracket, a pair of left and right support walls protrudes backward from the base of the boom, and the rear ends of the left and right support walls By pivotally connecting the rear end side of the left and right support walls to the pivoting portion with the lateral pivot, with the swing bracket pivoting portion sandwiched between the swing bracket and the swing bracket, the base of the boom is pivoted to the swing bracket. In the excavation work machine in which a passage space for passing the hydraulic hose from the lower side to the upper side of the boom is disposed between the left and right support walls on the front side of the pivot ,
A protective cover that covers the passage space from the upper side of the boom is provided, the protective cover is formed of an elastic body such as rubber, and the front end of the protective cover is fixed to the upper end of the boom base on the front side of the support wall. An excavation work machine characterized in that a rear end portion is fixed to an upper end of a pivot attachment portion of a swing bracket, and a midway portion in the longitudinal direction of the protective cover is bent downward so as to enter between the left and right support walls . A restricting means for restricting the bending of the hydraulic hose in the passage space is provided, and the restricting means is provided on the front side of the passage space on the lower side of the swing bracket and the hose clamp for fixing the hydraulic hose to the upper side of the boom. The excavation work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the excavation work machine comprises a hose guide for guiding the hydraulic hose so as to press it against the pivotally attached portion . A boom cylinder for moving the boom up and down is provided below the boom, and a hydraulic hose of the boom cylinder is passed through the swivel without passing through the passage space. The excavation work machine according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a separation guide for separating the hydraulic hose that has passed through the passage space and guiding the hydraulic hose.

Images