JP3987982B2 - Concrete spraying equipment for tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a concrete spraying device for spraying and supporting concrete on an upper part of a tunnel wall surface immediately after excavation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, as tunnel excavators for forming underground passages and tunnels, in addition to so-called shielded tunnel excavators that assemble concrete segments at the same time as excavation to form tunnel walls, There is known a tunnel excavator (hereinafter referred to as TBM) called TBM (Tunnel-boring-Machine) for excavating a relatively stable soil quality.
[0003]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, for example, the TBM includes a circular cutter head 1 for excavating the ground, a front support 2 for supporting the cutter head 1, and a tunnel axis from the rear of the front support 2. A main beam 3 extending in the direction, a gripper 4 that slides along the main beam 3 and protrudes from both sides to the tunnel wall surface side, and a rear support 5 that supports the rear end of the main beam 3 from the lower part of the tunnel. It is configured.
[0004]
Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, first, the gripper 4 is protruded and the clipper shoes 4a, 4a at both ends thereof are pressed against the tunnel wall surface to support and fix the main beam 3 to the substantially axial center portion of the tunnel. 5, the propulsion jack 6 connecting the front support 2 and the gripper 4 is extended as shown in FIG. 5, and the cutter head 1 and the front support 2 are pushed forward together with the main beam 3 with the gripper 4 as a support point. It is designed to excavate underground.
[0005]
Then, after excavating a certain distance in the ground, that is, by the stroke amount of the propulsion jack 6, the cutter head 1 is stopped, and the rear support 5 is extended as shown in FIG. 3, after the gripper 4 is loosened and the propulsion jack 6 that has been extended is contracted, the gripper 4 is slid toward the cutter head 1, and then the gripper 4 is protruded again so that the main beam 3, etc. Is supported from the tunnel wall side, and the rear support 5 is contracted to resume similar excavation, so that the excavation distance is extended while moving forward.
[0006]
Moreover, the earth and sand excavated in this way are discharged to the rear by a belt conveyor 7 provided in the main beam 3, and the earth and sand that cannot be completely discharged are excavators 8 provided below the main beam 3. And is returned to the cutter head 1 side from the residual soil processing belt conveyor 9 and discharged from the belt conveyor 7.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the tunnel wall surface excavated by such TBM is immediately provided with support (wall surface support) for preventing the collapse of the tunnel immediately after excavation.
[0008]
And as this support method, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, conventionally, the steel arch 11 divided | segmented by the steel arch support assembly erector 10 provided in the front support 2 behind cutter head 1 is sequentially ring-shaped. 5 and FIG. 8, and a method of driving lock bolts onto the upper surface of the tunnel wall at equal intervals by the lock bolt driving devices 12 and 12 provided on both sides of the main beam 3 as shown in FIGS. In addition, a method is used in which concrete mixed with an instantaneous adhesive is directly sprayed and hardened on the tunnel wall immediately after cutting.
[0009]
Of these, as a method of directly blowing concrete to solidify and support the tunnel wall surface, although not shown, (1) a swivel frame is provided behind the front support 2 and a concrete spray nozzle is installed in the erector of the swivel frame. The method of spraying while turning this in the circumferential direction, (2) The method that the worker enters the tunnel and sprays directly from the main beam 3 with the spray hose in hand, (3) Mountain (NATM) construction method For example, a method using a robot arm type spray vehicle used in the above is considered.
[0010]
However, in the method of installing the swivel frame of (1), the length of the entire excavator becomes longer by the installation space, which is not suitable for excavators that excavate sharp curves, and the swivel frame Therefore, individual (left and right) spraying operations are difficult. Moreover, in order to satisfy the required operation, there is a problem that the excavator itself needs a large-scale structural improvement, resulting in poor economic efficiency.
[0011]
On the other hand, the method of spraying by the worker as shown in (2) is not practical because there are many dangers and the working conditions are poor and the working efficiency is poor.
[0012]
Further, the method using the robot arm type spray vehicle used in the mountain (NATM) method shown in (3) has a drawback that it is difficult to install in a narrow space of the TBM and the freedom is not good. is there.
[0013]
Therefore, the present invention has been devised to effectively solve such problems, and its purpose is to provide concrete support for the tunnel wall surface safely and securely without almost improving the existing TBM. The present invention provides a concrete spraying device for a new TBM excavator.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a concrete spraying device provided on each side of a main beam of a tunnel excavator for spraying and supporting concrete on the upper part of a tunnel wall immediately after excavation. An L-shaped frame that reciprocates along the length direction, a telescopic jack swingably provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, and a blowing hose with a blow-out port connected to the tip of the telescopic jack; In order to swing this telescopic jack, it comprises a swinging jack that is swingably provided at the upper end of the L-shaped frame.
[0015]
That is, when the swivel jack provided at the upper end of the L-shaped frame is expanded and contracted to swing the telescopic jack provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, the outlet of the blowing hose turns in the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall. Therefore, the concrete can be sprayed in the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall surface by blowing the concrete from the outlet at the same time as the turning. In addition, by moving the L-shaped frame in the length direction of the main beam while swinging the telescopic jack in this way, it is possible to perform axial spraying simultaneously with circumferential concrete spraying.
[0016]
Furthermore, when the spraying distance between the outlet and the tunnel wall differs depending on the swivel angle of the telescopic jack, it is possible to keep the spraying distance constant by expanding and contracting the telescopic jack appropriately according to the swivel angle. Thus, uniform spraying of concrete becomes possible.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a concrete spraying device 20 for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention.
[0019]
As shown in the drawing, the concrete spraying device 20 is conventionally provided at a position where the above-described lock bolt devices 12 and 12 are attached, and is provided on both sides of the main beam 3 having a rectangular cross section. Each can operate independently in the state of facing the mirror.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the concrete spraying device 20 includes an L-shaped frame 21 that reciprocates along the length direction of the main beam 1, and a guide provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21. Rod 22, telescopic jack 23 attached to the guide rod 22 side, blowing hose 25 connected to the tip of the guide rod 22 via a connecting plate 24, the guide rod 22 and the L-shaped frame 21 And a swivel jack 26 provided between the upper ends of the two.
[0021]
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the L-shaped frame 21 has an engaging portion 27 formed outside the bent portion on a convex guide rail 28 provided on the side surface of the main beam 3 in the length direction. As shown in FIG. 3, it is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the main beam 3 along the guide rail 26 by a slide jack 29 extending parallel to the main beam 3 from the gripper 4 side. It has become so. Conventionally, the guide rail 28 and the slide jack 29 that have been provided in advance for sliding the lock bolt device 12 are used as they are.
[0022]
Next, the guide rod 22 provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 is obtained by superimposing two or three cylinders having different outer diameters on the same axis, and the lower end of the outermost cylinder. The portion is pin-coupled to the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the upper end of the innermost cylinder is connected to the support plate 24 so as to be telescopic in the length direction. It is stretchable.
[0023]
The telescopic jack 23 attached to the guide rod 22 is a hydraulic jack that is telescopically expanded and contracted by hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic cable (not shown), and its lower end is on the outermost cylinder side of the guide rod 22. While being connected and fixed, the extensible upper end portion is connected to the support plate 24 side.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, one end of the swivel jack 26 is pivotally coupled to the upper end of the L-shaped frame 21 and the other end is connected to the bracket 30 provided on the guide rod 22. It is pin-coupled so as to connect the upper end of the L-shaped frame 21 and the bracket 30. The swivel jack 26 is a hydraulic jack that telescopically expands and contracts by the hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic cable (not shown), like the telescopic jack 23, and extends and contracts in the length direction to guide as shown in the figure. The rod 22 is swung over a range of 90 ° or more along the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall around the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 together with the telescopic jack 23 and the blowing hose 25. In addition, a bellows-like cover 31 is provided at the expansion / contraction portions of the guide rod 22, the expansion jack 23, and the swivel jack 26, and is protected so that earth and sand and concrete liquid do not adhere to the slide surface.
[0025]
The operation of the device of the present invention will be described above.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the revolving jacks 26, 26 of the concrete spraying devices 20, 20 provided on both sides of the main beam 3 are expanded and contracted, the guide rods 22, 22 are moved accordingly. The air outlets 25a, 25a of the air blowing hoses 25, 25 provided at the distal end continuously swirl over a range of 90 ° or more from one side surface of the tunnel wall to the upper surface.
[0027]
Accordingly, when concrete is supplied to each of the blowing hoses 25 and 25 in such a state, the concrete blown from the outlets 25a and 25a is sprayed over a range of about 1/4 or more of the entire tunnel wall surface. In other words, at least the upper half of the tunnel wall is reliably sprayed with concrete. And since such concrete spraying is generally performed only on the upper surface side of the tunnel wall and does not need to be performed on the lower surface side, the concrete is sprayed to a sufficient range with these two spraying devices 20 and 20. Can do.
[0028]
At this time, each of the outlets 25a and 25a revolves in an arc shape with the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 as an axis, but generally the revolving axis does not coincide with the center axis of the tunnel, so that the blowing distance depends on the revolving angle. Changes, and there arises a problem that the spraying range is not uniformly formed. That is, since the concrete blown out from the blowout port 25a is blown out radially, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the blowout port 25a and the tunnel wall surface is minimized when the guide rod 22 is tilted. On the other hand, since the distance between the air outlet 25a and the tunnel wall surface is gradually increased as it is erected, there is a difference between wide and narrow in the spraying range, making uniform concrete spraying difficult.
[0029]
However, as described above, the device according to the present invention allows the guide jack 22 for turning the air outlet 25a to be extended and retracted by the extension jack 23, so that the guide rod 22 is linked to the turning angle as shown in FIG. By extending and contracting, the distance between the air outlet 25a and the tunnel wall can always be kept constant regardless of the turning angle, and uniform concrete spraying can be performed.
[0030]
Further, while performing such circumferential spraying, the L-shaped frame 21 is moved along the guide rail 28 of the main beam 3 by the slide jack 29 as shown in FIG. The concrete can be sprayed uniformly and uniformly over a predetermined range.
[0031]
Moreover, since the present invention is located at the front end of the main beam 3 provided with the conventional lock bolt devices 12, 12, it is possible to immediately spray concrete onto the tunnel wall immediately after excavation. The collapse of the tunnel wall can be reliably prevented, and good and quick concrete spraying can be performed. In addition, since the device of the present invention is compact, it is not necessary to newly provide a dedicated installation space, and can be directly applied to an existing excavator and can exhibit high versatility. Furthermore, since it has a relatively simple configuration, it is possible to achieve high reliability and low manufacturing costs.
[0032]
Although the necessity of the conventional lock bolt devices 12 and 12 is reduced by providing the device of the present invention, it is attached to the rear end side of the main beam 3 when it is attached together with the concrete spraying device 20. If this is done, the restriction of movement as shown in FIG. 8 is eliminated and the degree of freedom increases, so that the number of installations can be expected to be reduced from two to one.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, an example in which the guide rod 22 is provided in order to reliably support the blowing hose 25 having a relatively large load and blowing reaction force has been described. However, the expansion jack 23 itself has sufficient rigidity and strength. If the guide rod 22 is provided, the guide rod 22 may be omitted.
[0034]
Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. A swing mechanism 33 that freely changes the direction of the outlet 25a of each blowing hose 25 to the tip of the guide rod 22 described above. Is provided.
[0035]
As shown in the figure, the swing mechanism 33 includes a guide rod 34 that is pin-coupled to the connecting plate 24 at the tip of the guide rod 22, a swing jack 35 that swings the guide rod 34 in the turning direction of the guide rod 22, The guide rod 34 is composed of a support plate 36 that supports the air outlet 25a of the blowing hose 25 described above at the tip of the guide rod 34, and the direction of the air outlet 25a is extended as shown in FIG. Can be freely changed in the turning direction of the guide rod 22.
[0036]
That is, in the configuration shown in the above embodiment, the spraying distance can be made constant by expanding and contracting the guide rod 22, but with this configuration only, when the guide rod 22 is tilted as shown in FIG. Is sprayed at right angles to the tunnel wall, the angle of spraying becomes oblique as it stands up, and the spraying range of the concrete is different from the tunnel wall and the spraying range extends in the circumferential direction. It is done.
[0037]
Therefore, in addition to the above configuration, if a swing mechanism 33 as shown in the present embodiment is provided at the tip of the guide rod 34, and the direction of the outlet 25a is further adjusted by the swing mechanism 33, the guide rod Regardless of the turning angle, the concrete can always be sprayed at right angles to the tunnel wall surface, and a better spraying operation can be performed.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exhibited.
[0039]
(1) Concrete support for the tunnel wall surface can be reliably performed by mechanization.
[0040]
(2) Since it has a compact and simple structure, it can be easily installed in a narrow space.
[0041]
{Circle around (3)} Since existing tunnel excavators can be installed with almost no improvement, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced compared to a structure in which a revolving ring or an erector is newly installed.
[0042]
{Circle around (4)} Since the structure is simple, the reliability of the apparatus is high and the possibility of failure frequency is low. Even if a failure occurs, the repair can be easily performed.
[0043]
(5) It becomes possible to mechanize concrete spraying in a narrow work space, and work efficiency and safety can be greatly improved.
[0044]
(6) Since the left and right single operations are possible, uniform and reliable concrete spraying work can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavator provided with the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration and operation of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration and operation of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing an embodiment of a conventional tunnel excavator (TBM).
6 is an AA arrow view in FIG. 5. FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.
10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Main beam
20 Concrete spraying equipment
21 L-shaped frame
22 Guide rod
23 Telescopic jack
25 Spray hose
26 Swivel jack
25a outlet
29 Slide jack
33 Swing mechanism

Claims (3)

In a concrete spraying device that is provided on both sides of a main beam of a tunnel excavator and sprays and supports concrete on the upper wall surface of the tunnel immediately after excavation, and reciprocates along the length of the main beam. A frame, a telescopic jack provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, a blowing hose with a blower outlet connected to the tip of the telescopic jack, and the telescopic jack as a fulcrum at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame A concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator characterized by comprising a swivel jack to swivel in the circumferential direction. In a concrete spraying device that is provided on both sides of a main beam of a tunnel excavator and sprays and supports concrete on the upper wall surface of the tunnel immediately after excavation, and reciprocates along the length of the main beam. A frame, a telescopic guide rod provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, a telescopic jack for extending and contracting the guide rod, a blowing hose having a blower outlet connected to the tip of the guide rod, and the guide A concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator, characterized by comprising a turning jack for turning the rod in the circumferential direction of the tunnel with the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame as a fulcrum. The concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a swing mechanism for changing the direction of the outlet of each spray hose is provided at the tip of the telescopic jack or guide rod.

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