JP2000008791A - Concrete spraying device for tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator, that can execute concrete timbering on a tunnel wall surface safely and securely, without reforming an existing tunnel excavator. SOLUTION: A concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator is composed of an L-shape frame 21 reciprocated along the lengthwise direction of a main beam of the tunnel excavator; an expansion jack 23 provided at the horizontal end of the L-shape frame 21; a spray hose 25 with a blowout port 25a connected to the tip of the expansion jack 23; and a turning jack 26 turning in the circumferential direction of a tunnel, with the horizontal end of the L-shape frame as a fulcrum.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete spraying apparatus for spraying and supporting concrete on an upper portion of a tunnel wall immediately after excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as a tunnel excavator for forming an underpass or a tunnel, there is a so-called shield type tunnel excavator which assembles concrete segments at the same time as excavation to form a tunnel wall. In addition, a tunnel excavator (hereinafter referred to as TBM) called TBM (Tunnel-boring-Machine) for excavating a relatively stable soil such as a bedrock is known.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the TBM includes a circular cutter head 1 for excavating underground,
Front support 2 supporting this cutter head 1
A main beam 3 extending in the axial direction of the tunnel from the rear of the front support 2, a gripper 4 sliding along the main beam 3 and protruding and retracting from both sides toward the tunnel wall, and a rear end of the main beam 3. It mainly comprises a rear support 5 supported from the lower part of the tunnel.

Accordingly, first, as shown in FIG. 9, the gripper 4 is made to protrude and the clipper shoes 4 at both ends thereof are protruded.
After the main beam 3 is supported and fixed on the substantially axial center portion of the tunnel by pressing the a and 4a against the tunnel wall surface, the front support 2 and the gripper 4 are connected as shown in FIG. The propulsion jack 6 is extended, and the cutter head 1 and the front support 2 are pushed forward together with the main beam 3 using the gripper 4 as a support point, thereby excavating underground.

[0005] Then, in this way, a certain distance under the ground,
That is, when the cutter head 1 is dug by the stroke amount of the propulsion jack 6, the cutter head 1 is stopped, and the rear support 5 is extended to support the rear end of the main beam 3 from the lower side of the tunnel as shown in FIG. The gripper 4 is slid toward the cutter head 1 by loosening and contracting the propelled jack 6, and the gripper 4 is again projected to support the main beam 3 and the like from the tunnel wall side. , And the same excavation is resumed, thereby sequentially extending the excavation distance while moving forward.

Further, the earth and sand excavated in this way is discharged backward by a belt conveyor 7 provided in the main beam 3, and the earth and sand that cannot be completely discharged is provided below the main beam 3. The excavator 8 picks up the soil, returns it to the cutter head 1 from the residual soil treatment belt conveyor 9, and discharges the soil from the belt conveyor 7.

[0007]

The tunnel wall excavated by such a TBM is immediately provided with a support (wall support) for preventing collapse of the tunnel immediately after excavation. I have.

As a method of supporting the steel arch, conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, a steel arch 11 divided by a steel arch supporting and assembling erector 10 provided in a front support 2 behind the cutter head 1 is used. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
In addition to a method in which rock bolts are driven at equal intervals on the upper surface of the tunnel wall by lock bolt driving devices 12 provided on both sides of the main beam 3, concrete in which an instant adhesive is mixed with the tunnel wall surface immediately after cutting is used. Is directly sprayed and hardened.

[0009] Among these methods, as a method of directly spraying concrete to solidify and support the tunnel wall, a turning frame is provided behind the front support 2 and a concrete spray nozzle is installed on the erector of the turning frame, though not shown. And a method of spraying while turning it in the circumferential direction, workers enter the tunnel,
A method of directly spraying the hose from the main beam 3 with a hand, a method of using a robot arm type spraying vehicle used in a mountain (NATM) method, or the like has been considered.

However, the method in which the turning frame is installed is not suitable for an excavator for excavating a sharp curve, because the length of the entire excavator is increased by the installation space. However, individual (left and right) spraying operations are difficult. Moreover, in order to satisfy the required operation, a large-scale structural improvement is required for the excavator itself, and there is a problem that economic efficiency is deteriorated.

[0011] On the other hand, the method of spraying by an operator as shown in the following is not practical because of the high danger, poor working conditions and poor working efficiency.

Further, the method using a robot arm type spraying vehicle used in the mountain (NATM) construction method shown in the following has the drawback that it is difficult to install it in a narrow space of the TBM, and there is no freedom. is there.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete support for a tunnel wall surface with little or no improvement on an existing TBM. The present invention provides a novel concrete spraying device for a TBM excavator capable of performing the following.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is directed to concrete provided on both sides of a main beam of a tunnel excavator, for spraying concrete on an upper part of a tunnel wall immediately after excavation to support the concrete. In the spraying device, an L-shaped frame that reciprocates along the length direction of the main beam, a telescopic jack swingably provided at a horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, and a blow-out port at a tip of the telescopic jack. Spray hose connected with
A swing jack is provided at the upper end of the L-shaped frame so as to swing so as to swing the telescopic jack.

That is, when the revolving jack provided at the upper end of the L-shaped frame is expanded and contracted to swing the telescopic jack provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, the outlet of the blowing hose is moved in the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall. Therefore, concrete can be sprayed in the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall surface by blowing concrete from the outlet at the same time as such turning. In addition, by moving the L-shaped frame in the length direction of the main beam while swinging the expansion / contraction jack, it is possible to simultaneously spray the concrete in the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

Further, when the blowing distance between the outlet and the tunnel wall varies depending on the turning angle of the telescopic jack, the blowing distance is always kept constant by appropriately expanding and contracting the telescopic jack according to the turning angle. It is possible to spray concrete evenly.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a concrete spraying device 20 for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the concrete spraying device 20 is conventionally provided with the above-described lock bolt devices 12, 1.
The main beam 2 is provided at a position where the main beam 3 is attached, and can be operated independently of each other in a state where the main beam 3 has a rectangular cross section and faces both sides in a mirror shape.

The concrete spraying device 20 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, an L-shaped frame 21 reciprocating along the length direction of the main beam 1, a guide rod 22 provided at a horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21, Attached telescopic jack 23
And a blowing hose 25 connected to the end of the guide rod 22 via a connection plate 24, and a turning jack 26 provided between the guide rod 22 and the upper end of the L-shaped frame 21. ing.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the L-shaped frame 21 has a convex guide in which an engaging portion 27 formed outside the bent portion is provided on the side surface of the main beam 3 in the length direction thereof. As shown in FIG. 3, a slide jack 29 extending in parallel with the main beam 3 from the gripper 4 side extends in the front-rear direction of the main beam 3 along the guide rail 26, as shown in FIG. It is designed to be reciprocated. In addition, this guide rail 2
Conventionally, the slide bolt 8 and the slide jack 29 that have been provided in advance to slide the lock bolt device 12 are used.

Next, a guide rod 22 provided at the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 is formed by coaxially stacking two or three cylindrical bodies having different outer diameters. The lower end of the body is pin-connected to the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 so as to be pivotable in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the upper end of the innermost cylinder is connected to the support plate 24 to extend in the longitudinal direction. It is telescopic and expandable.

The telescopic jack 23 attached to the guide rod 22 is a hydraulic jack that also telescopically expands and contracts by hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic cable (not shown). It is connected and fixed to the cylindrical body side, and its expandable upper end is connected to the support plate 24 side.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, one end of the revolving jack 26 is swingably pin-connected to the upper end of the L-shaped frame 21 and the other end is the guide rod 22.
Is pin-connected to the bracket 30 provided on the
The upper end of the L-shaped frame 21 and the bracket 30 are connected. And this turning jack 26
Is a hydraulic jack that expands and contracts in a telescopic shape by hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic cable (not shown), like the above-mentioned telescopic jack 23. And, together with the blowing hose 25, the L-shaped frame 21 is turned around the horizontal end of the L-shaped frame 21 over a range of 90 ° or more along the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall. A bellows-like cover 31 is provided at the extension and contraction portions of the guide rod 22, the extension jack 23, and the turning jack 26 to protect the slide surface from soil, sand and concrete liquid.

The operation of the device of the present invention will be described above.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each of the concrete spraying devices 20, provided on both sides of the main beam 3,
When the revolving jacks 26, 26 of the 20 are expanded and contracted, the respective outlets 25a, 25a of the respective blowing hoses 25, 25 provided at the tips of the respective guide rods 22, 22 are respectively connected to one of the tunnel walls. It turns continuously from the side surface to the upper surface over a range of 90 ° or more.

Accordingly, when concrete is supplied to each of the spray hoses 25, 25 in such a state, the concrete blown out from the blow-out ports 25a, 25a respectively covers about 1/4 or more of the entire tunnel wall surface. The concrete is sprayed at least in the upper half area of the tunnel wall. In general, since such concrete spraying is performed only on the upper surface side of the tunnel wall and need not be performed on the lower surface side, it is necessary to spray concrete in a sufficient range with these two spraying devices 20, 20. Can be.

At this time, each air outlet 25a, 25a
Although it turns in the shape of an arc around the horizontal end of the V-shaped frame 21, generally, since the turning axis does not coincide with the center axis of the tunnel, the blowing distance changes depending on the turning angle,
There is a problem that the spraying range is not uniform. That is, since the concrete blown out from the outlet 25a is blown out radially, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 1, when the guide rod 22 is tilted, the distance between the outlet 25a and the tunnel wall surface is minimized. On the other hand, the distance between the outlet 25a and the wall surface of the tunnel gradually increases as it stands up, so that a wide and narrow difference occurs in the spraying range, making it difficult to uniformly spray concrete.

However, as described above, the apparatus of the present invention employs the guide jack 2 for turning the outlet 25a.
2 can be extended and retracted by the extendable jack 23, as shown in FIG. 1, if the guide rod 22 is extended and retracted by linking to the turning angle, the air outlet 25a and the tunnel wall are always in contact regardless of the turning angle. The distance can be kept constant, and uniform concrete spraying can be performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the L-shaped frame 21 is moved along the guide rail 28 of the main beam 3 by the slide jack 29 while spraying in the circumferential direction as described above. Concrete can be uniformly and uniformly sprayed over a predetermined range in the width direction.

The present invention also relates to a conventional lock bolt device 1.
Since it is located at the tip of the main beam 3 provided with 2, 12, concrete can be sprayed immediately on the tunnel wall immediately after excavation, so that the collapse of the tunnel wall is reliably prevented. It is possible to perform good and quick concrete spraying. Moreover, since the device of the present invention is compact in size, there is no need to newly provide a dedicated installation space, and the device can be applied to existing excavators as it is, and high versatility can be exhibited. Further, since the configuration is relatively simple, the reliability is high and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The provision of the device of the present invention reduces the necessity of the conventional lock bolt devices 12, 12, but when the device is provided together with the concrete spraying device 20, the rear end of the main beam 3 is provided. If attached to the side,
Since there is no movement regulation as shown in FIG. 8 and the degree of freedom is increased, the number of installations can be expected to be reduced from two to one.

In the present embodiment, the guide rod 22 is provided to reliably support the blowing hose 25 having a relatively large load and blowing reaction force. However, the expansion / contraction jack 23 itself is sufficient. The guide rod 22 may be omitted if it has rigidity and strength.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, in which the tip of the above-described guide rod 22 is freely changed in the direction of the outlet 25a of each of the spray hoses 25. The swing mechanism 33 is provided.

As shown, the swing mechanism 33 includes a guide rod 34 pin-connected to the connecting plate 24 at the tip of the guide rod 22, and a swing jack for swinging the guide rod 34 in the turning direction of the guide rod 22. 35,
The above-mentioned spray hose 2 is attached to the tip of the guide rod 34.
5 and a support plate 36 for supporting the outlet 25a. By extending and contracting the swinging jack 35, the direction of the outlet 25a can be freely changed to the turning direction of the guide rod 22 as shown in the figure. Is available.

That is, in the configuration shown in the above embodiment, the blowing distance can be made constant by expanding and contracting the guide rod 22, but with this configuration alone, the guide rod 22 is tilted as shown in FIG. When the concrete is sprayed, the concrete is sprayed at right angles to the tunnel wall surface, but the angle of the spray becomes oblique as it stands up, and the spray angle of the concrete to the tunnel wall surface differs, and the spray range extends in the circumferential direction It is possible.

For this reason, in addition to the above configuration, a swing mechanism 33 as shown in the present embodiment is provided at the tip of the guide rod 34, and the swing port 33 is further moved by the swing mechanism 33.
If the direction of a is adjusted, the concrete can always be sprayed at right angles to the tunnel wall regardless of the turning angle on the guide rod 22, and a more favorable spraying operation can be performed.

[0038]

In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exhibited.

Concrete support for the tunnel wall surface can be reliably performed by mechanization.

Since it has a compact and simple structure, it can be easily installed in a narrow space.

Since the existing tunnel excavator can be installed with little improvement, the production cost can be greatly reduced as compared with a structure in which a swivel ring, an erector, etc. are newly installed.

Further, since the structure is simple, the reliability of the device is increased and the possibility of failure is low, so that even if a failure occurs, it can be easily repaired.

Mechanization of concrete spraying in a narrow work space becomes possible, and work efficiency and safety can be greatly improved.

Since the left and right operations can be performed independently, a uniform and reliable concrete spraying operation can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavator provided with the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration and operation of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration and operation of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing an embodiment of a conventional tunnel excavator (TBM).

FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5;

8 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.

9 is a sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Main beam 20 Concrete spraying device 21 L-shaped frame 22 Guide rod 23 Telescopic jack 25 Spray hose 26 Swivel jack 25a Air outlet 29 Slide jack 33 Swing mechanism

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D055 DB01 LA17 4F033 QA08 QB05 QB09X QB20 QC06 QC07 QD02 QE03 QE05 QE08 QE25 QE30 QF06X QF23 QH02 QH13

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A concrete spraying device provided on both sides of a main beam of a tunnel excavator for spraying and supporting concrete on an upper portion of a tunnel wall immediately after excavation, wherein the concrete spraying device extends along a length direction of the main beam. A reciprocating L-shaped frame, a telescopic jack provided at a horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, a blowing hose having an outlet connected to a tip of the telescopic jack, and a telescopic jack connected to the horizontal of the L-shaped frame. A concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator, comprising a turning jack for turning in a circumferential direction of a tunnel with an end serving as a fulcrum. 2. A concrete spraying device provided on both sides of a main beam of a tunnel excavator for spraying and supporting concrete on an upper portion of a tunnel wall immediately after excavation, wherein the concrete spraying device extends along a length direction of the main beam. A reciprocating L-shaped frame, a telescopic guide rod provided at a horizontal end of the L-shaped frame, a telescopic jack for expanding and contracting the guide rod, and a sprayer having an outlet connected to a tip of the guide rod. A concrete spraying device for a tunnel excavator, comprising: a hose; and a turning jack for turning the guide rod around a horizontal end of the L-shaped frame in a circumferential direction of the tunnel. 3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a swing mechanism for changing a direction of an outlet of each of the blowing hoses at a tip of the telescopic jack or the guide rod. Concrete spraying equipment.