JP3626882B2 - Electa device and tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator such as a tunnel boring machine or a shield excavator that excavates the ground to construct a tunnel, and an erector apparatus that is mounted on the tunnel excavator and assembles a support.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional tunnel boring machine is composed of a cylindrical front and rear cylinders, and a cutter head having a roller cutter is rotatably mounted on the front of the front cylinder, and is driven and rotated by a cutter turning motor. It is possible. A bulkhead is formed in the front barrel so that the shear generated by excavation does not enter the interior, and a chamber is formed, and the front end portion of the belt conveyor that discharges the shear to the outside in this chamber Is located.
[0003]
In addition, a plurality of thrust jacks are installed between the front and rear cylinders, and the relative positions of the front and rear cylinders are changed by expanding and contracting by supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure to and from the thrust jacks. be able to. Further, a front gripper is attached to the front cylinder, and the front cylinder can be held in position by projecting the gripper shoe in the radial direction by a hydraulic jack. On the other hand, a rear gripper is attached to the rear cylinder, and the rear cylinder can be held in position by projecting the gripper shoe in the radial direction by a hydraulic jack.
[0004]
In addition, an erector device for attaching a support to the inner wall surface of the tunnel is attached to the rear part of the rear trunk.
[0005]
Therefore, when the cutter gripping motor is driven to rotate the cutter head while the rear gripper is held unmovable by the rear gripper, each thrust jack is extended and the cutter head is moved forward together with the front drum to turn. The roller cutter of the cutter head shears and breaks the rock in front and excavates this rock. When each thrust jack is extended by a predetermined stroke, the front cylinder is held in position by the front gripper, while the rear cylinder is held in position by the rear gripper, and then the thrust jack is contracted to draw the rear cylinder toward the front cylinder. Then, while the rear cylinder is held in position again by the rear gripper, the position holding of the front cylinder by the front gripper is released, and then each thrust jack is extended to move the cutter head forward together with the front cylinder. Drilling. The tunnel is continuously excavated by repeating this operation.
[0006]
The shear generated by the rock excavation is taken into the chamber and discharged to the outside by the belt conveyor. In the process of excavating and forming a tunnel by excavating the rock mass, if the wall surface of this excavated tunnel is stable, no support is required, but if it is slightly unstable, The tunnel is protected so that rock pieces do not peel off from the wall surface using a ring-shaped H-shaped steel or wooden plate as a support.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional tunnel boring machine described above, each thrust jack is extended with the rear cylinder held in position by the rear gripper, so that the front cylinder and the cutter head are advanced with respect to the rear cylinder. While excavating the front rock, behind the rear trunk, according to the wall surface of the tunnel that has been excavated, an H-shaped steel or the like is formed into a ring shape by an erector device and attached to the tunnel wall surface as a support to protect the tunnel ing.
[0008]
By the way, when excavating highly collapsible ground, it is effective to construct a mountain retaining support (injection of reinforcing agent, spraying concrete, support assembly or segment assembly) as close as possible to the face of the tunnel boring machine. It is. However, in the above-described conventional tunnel boring machine, there is no work space for performing such support assembly inside the fuselage, and the assembly work of the support is performed by an erector device provided at the rear of the rear cylinder, There is a problem that construction of various auxiliary works is delayed.
[0009]
The present invention solves such a problem, and it is possible to improve the tunnel workability by enabling the assembling work of the support near the face and to facilitate the assembling work of the tunnel. It is an object of the present invention to provide an erector apparatus and a tunnel excavator with improved workability.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, an erector apparatus according to claim 1 is an erector apparatus for assembling a support carried into a tunnel, and a support frame extending rearward in the longitudinal direction at the center of the tunnel excavator , A swiveling ring rotatably supported by a plurality of swivel rollers supported by the support frame and mounted on the support frame, swiveling means for swiveling the swivel ring, and a support attached to the swivel ring. Movable support means that is movable in the radial direction of the tunnel, a support plate disposed along the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavator, and a plurality of fixed supports that are attached to the support plate and support the support and support means, is characterized in that comprises a.
[0011]
In the erector apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the fixed support support means are located on the inner periphery of the support plate, the support arm is fixed to the support plate, and the support arm is attached to the support arm. And a support roller.
[0012]
In the erector apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the movable support support means includes an extension jack fixed to the swivel ring, and a support grip part movable in the radial direction of the tunnel by the extension jack. It is characterized by.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the fixed support support means includes a hydraulic jack fixed to the support plate and a support roller movable by the hydraulic jack in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. It is a feature.
[0014]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a tubular body, a cutter head rotatably attached to a front portion of the body, a cutter head driving means for driving and rotating the cutter head, A trunk propulsion jack that propels the trunk by receiving an excavation reaction force from an inner wall surface, a support frame that extends rearward in the digging direction from the trunk, and a plurality of swiveling rollers supported by the support frame so as to be pivotable. A swiveling ring that is mounted on the support frame, swiveling means that swivels the swiveling ring, and movable support support means that is attached to the swiveling ring and holds the support and is movable in the radial direction of the tunnel. And a plurality of fixed support means which are attached to a support plate disposed along the circumferential direction at the rear end of the body and support the support.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel boring machine as a tunnel excavator equipped with an erector apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1 showing a rear gripper, and FIG. FIG. 4 shows a section taken along the line III-III, FIG. 4 shows a support structure of the swivel ring, a section taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG.
[0017]
In the tunnel boring machine (hereinafter referred to as TBM) 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cutter head 13 is rotatably attached to a front portion of a cylindrical body 11 by a bearing 12. ing. A large number of roller cutters 14 for shearing and breaking the rock mass are pivotally attached to the front surface of the cutter head 13 and an opening 15 for taking in shears such as crushed rock fragments and earth and sand is formed. A ring gear 16 having internal teeth is integrally fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 13, while an electric or hydraulic cutter turning motor 17 is fixed to the body 11. The drive gear 18 is engaged with the ring gear 16.
[0018]
Accordingly, when the cutter turning motor 17 is driven and the drive gear 18 is rotationally driven, the ring gear 16 meshed with the drive gear 18 is rotated, the cutter head 13 integrated with the ring gear 16 is turned, and the roller cutter 14 shears and breaks the rock. Then, excavation and the generated shear can be taken into the body 11 from the opening 15.
[0019]
In addition, a front end portion of a rectangular tube-shaped support frame 19 is fixed to the rear portion of the body 11, and the support frame 19 extends rearward from the center portion of the tunnel. A shoe jack 20 is mounted to maintain the support frame 19 in a horizontal state, and a shoe 21 is connected to the lower end portion. A plurality of front grippers (not shown) are mounted on the fuselage 11, and the fuselage 11 can be moved by being housed inside during excavation, and can be brought into pressure contact with the wall surface of the tunnel by projecting outward when refilling. 11 can be held in position.
[0020]
Further, a rear gripper 22 is provided behind the body 11 so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the support frame 19. The rear gripper 22 is provided with gripper jacks 24 above and below a gripper box 23 movably supported on the outer periphery of the support frame 19, and the gripper jacks 24 are supported by left and right support jacks 25 so as to be movable up and down. In addition, gripper shoes 26 are connected to the left and right ends. Therefore, the rear gripper 22 can be moved by contracting the gripper jack 24, and the gripper jack 24 can be extended and projected outward to be pressed against the wall surface of the tunnel , thereby holding the rear gripper 22 in position.
[0021]
Between the body 11 and the gripper shoe 26 of the rear gripper 22, a plurality (four in this case) of thrust jacks 27 as a body propelling jack are installed. The thrust jack 27 is expanded and contracted by supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure, and the front and rear ends of the thrust jack 27 are supported so as to be horizontally swingable. Therefore, the relative position between the body 11 and the rear gripper 22 can be changed by extending and retracting each drive rod of each thrust jack 27. Further, by changing the operating strokes of the left and right thrust jacks 27, the body 11 having the cutter head 13 can be bent to the left and right to change the direction of digging.
[0022]
A hopper 29 for accumulating the sheared material of the roller cutter 14 is fixed to the chamber 28 formed by the cutter head 13 and the body 11. A belt conveyor 30 for carrying out excavated shear is disposed inside the support frame 19, the front end of the belt conveyor 30 is connected to the lower part of the hopper 29, and the rear end extends to the rear of the tunnel. Yes.
[0023]
In the TBM of the present embodiment, a support assembly erector device 31 is provided at the rear portion of the body 11 so that the support assembly operation can be performed at a location near the face. That is, in this erector device 31, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, a plurality of support arms 32 are radially fixed to the front end portion of the support frame 19 connected to the rear portion of the body 11. A swiveling roller 33 is mounted on the tip of each support arm 32, and a swiveling ring 34 is rotatably supported by each swiveling roller 33. A ring gear 35 having internal teeth is fixed to the turning ring 34, while a hydraulic motor 37 as a turning means is attached to the support frame 19 by a bracket 36, and a drive gear 38 of the hydraulic motor 37 is attached to the ring gear 35. I'm engaged. Therefore, the turning ring 34 can be turned by the hydraulic motor 37.
[0024]
The swivel ring 34 is provided with a movable support support mechanism 39 that can hold the support T and can move together with the swivel ring 34 in the circumferential direction. In this movable support mechanism 39, an extension jack 40 is fixed to the outer periphery of the swivel ring 34, and a support grip 41 is connected to the tip of the drive rod of the extension jack 40. A grip lever 43 that holds the support T by a grip jack 42 is attached. Therefore, the support T can be moved in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by the swiveling ring 34 while the support lever 41 holds the support T and the support grip 41 holds the support T, and the support T is supported by the expansion jack 40. Can be moved in the radial direction of the tunnel .
[0025]
On the other hand, a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) fixed support means are arranged along the circumferential direction via the support plate 48 inside the rear part of the body 11, and the fixed support means are supported. A support arm 49 supported by the plate 48 and a support roller 44 mounted on the support arm 49 are provided, and are movable along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by a moving jack 45.
[0026]
In addition, as a gripping method of the support T by the support gripping part 41, there is a method of attracting or inserting a gripping pin in addition to the gripping lever 43, and it may be properly used depending on the weight or shape of the support T. Is. As shown in FIG. 1, a hanging bracket 46 is fixed to the lower portion of the support frame 19 adjacent to the erector device 31, and the suspended bracket 46 temporarily holds three supports T. 47 is supported movably in the excavation direction. Although not shown, the support supply carriage is supported in the tunnel in a movable manner, and the hoist is supported in a movable manner. When the support T is carried into the tunnel by the support supply carriage, the hoist The support T on the support supply cart is moved forward and placed on the support temporary storage table 47.
[0027]
Here, tunnel excavation work and support assembly work using the TBM 10 of the present embodiment described above will be described.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 1, each gripper jack 24 of the rear gripper 22 presses and holds the gripper shoe 26 against the inner wall surface of the tunnel . In this state, while rotating the cutter head 13 by the cutter turning motor 17, each thrust jack 27 is extended to obtain the excavation reaction force from the rear gripper 22, and the body 11 is advanced, whereby each roller cutter of the cutter head 13. 14 crushes the ground in front and moves forward.
[0029]
Thus, when each thrust jack 27 extends a predetermined stroke and the cutter head 13 excavates a tunnel having a predetermined length, the shoe jack 20 extends downward, and the support frame 19 is supported by the shoe 21. At the same time, the position holding by the rear gripper 22 is released, while the body 11 is held on the excavation ground by the front gripper. Then, the thrust jacks 27 are contracted to draw the rear gripper 22 forward with respect to the body 11. Similarly to the above, the rear gripper 22 is held on the inner wall surface of the tunnel , and the shoe jack 20 is contracted to release the support of the support frame 19 by the shoe 21, and each thrust is driven while the cutter head 13 is driven to rotate. Each of the roller cutters 14 excavates the front ground by extending the jack 27 and moving the body 11 forward.
[0030]
The shear excavated by the cutter head 13 is taken into the chamber 28, accumulated in the hopper 29, and discharged to the outside by the belt conveyor 30. Tunnel excavation work is continuously performed by repeating this work.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, during excavation or at the end of excavation work, the erector apparatus 31 temporarily assembles the support T in a ring shape, and expands this temporary assembly support T to assemble it in close contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel. . Hereinafter, the assembling work of the support T will be described.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 1, the three supports TA, TB, TC are carried into the tunnel by a support supply carriage, and the support TA, TB, TC on the support supply carriage is moved forward by a hoist, and the support temporary storage stand is provided. 47. First, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the turning ring 34 is turned by the hydraulic motor 37 so that the movable supporting support mechanism 39 is positioned downward, and the extension jack 40 is extended to support the supporting grip 41. Opposed to TA, the holding jack 42 holds the holding TA by the holding lever 43 and then the expansion jack 40 is contracted to lift and hold the holding TA. Next, the swivel ring 34 is swiveled approximately 90 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. 3, and both ends of the swivel ring 34 are bolted together with a degree of freedom in the alignment operation of the support TA and the support TB. Connected by B (see FIG. 5). At this time, the support roller 44 at the end starts to support the support TA held by the movable support mechanism 39, but is in the same position in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel between the support roller 44 and the movable support mechanism 39. The support roller 44 is moved by expanding and contracting the movable jack 45, and interference between the support roller 44 and the movable support support mechanism 39 is prevented. Then, the swivel ring 34 is again swung approximately 90 degrees in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3, and the end portions of the swivel rings 34 are connected to the bolts B with a degree of freedom in the alignment work of the connection between the support TB and the support TC. Connect with
[0033]
In this way, when the movable support mechanism 39 holds only the support TA and the supports TA, TB, TC are temporarily connected to each other by the bolt B, the swivel ring 34 is rotated approximately 90 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the support TB connected in between is positioned at the upper portion. In this state, after the holding of the support TA by the movable support support mechanism 39 is released, the turning ring 34 is turned clockwise in FIG. 5 to hold the support TB, and the expansion jack 40 is extended to support the support TB. Is pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel . The supports TA and TC are pressed against the inner wall surface of the tunnel by a support expansion device (not shown). Thereafter, a support (not shown) is assembled between the supports TA and TC, and connected to the supports TA and TC to form a circular support, and the bolts B are fastened and fixed.
[0034]
As described above, in the TBM of this embodiment, the swivel ring 34 is pivotally supported by the support frame 19, and the movable support support mechanism that can freely move in the circumferential direction by holding the support T on the swivel ring 34. On the other hand, the four support rollers 39 are attached along the circumferential direction to the rear part of the body 11 to constitute the erector apparatus 31, so that the erector apparatus 31 provided with the support T divided into four parts at the rear part of the body 11. As a result, the temporary assembly work can be performed during the excavation process at a position close to the face, and the tunnel workability can be improved by assembling at a predetermined position. By improving workability, the work time for tunnel excavation and support assembly can be greatly shortened. Further, since the support roller 44 supporting the support T is mounted on the rear part of the body 11, only the movable support support mechanism 39 extends outward from the support frame 19, and the space is effectively used as a work space. This makes it easy to route hoses and cables to hydraulic and electric equipment.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, the support device T obtained by dividing one ring into four is used for the erector device 31. However, the number of divisions is not limited to four, and may be three or five. Further, although the tunnel excavator is an open type TBM, a full shield excavator may be used.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the erector apparatus of the invention of claim 1 as described in the embodiment, in the erector apparatus for assembling the support carried into the tunnel, the support extended in the longitudinal direction at the center of the tunnel excavator A frame, a swiveling ring that is supported by a plurality of swiveling rollers supported by the support frame, and that is mounted on the support frame, swiveling means that swivels the swiveling ring, and a swiveling ring that is attached to the swiveling ring. A movable supporting support means that holds the support and is movable in the radial direction of the tunnel, a support plate disposed along the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavator, and a plurality of members that are attached to the support plate and support the support a stationary支保support means, so equipped and can be easily temporarily assembled in a short time by sequentially connecting a plurality of支保, it is possible to improve the workability, By assembling the support close to the wing, tunnel workability can be improved, and fixed support support means for supporting the support are arranged along the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavator. The only thing that extends outward from the support frame is the movable support mechanism, which can be used effectively as a working space, and it is possible to arrange hoses and cables to hydraulic and electric equipment. The cable can be made easy.
[0037]
According to the erector apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of fixed supporting and supporting means are disposed on the inner periphery of the support plate, and the support arm fixed to the support plate and attached to the tip of the support arm. Since the support roller is constructed, the support can be reliably supported with a simple structure.
[0038]
According to the erector apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, the movable support support means is composed of an extension jack fixed to the swivel ring and a support grip portion that can be moved in the radial direction of the tunnel by the extension jack. Therefore, after the support is temporarily assembled, the support can be expanded and brought into close contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel , and workability can be improved.
[0039]
According to the erector device of the invention of claim 4, the fixed support support means is constituted by a hydraulic jack fixed to the support plate and a support roller movable in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by the hydraulic jack. When the support gripped by the support gripping part is moved and supported by the respective support rollers in turn, the workability can be improved by preventing interference between the support gripping part and the support roller.
[0040]
Furthermore, according to the tunnel excavator of the invention of claim 5, a cylindrical body, a cutter head rotatably mounted on the front part of the body, a cutter head driving means for driving and rotating the cutter head, A trunk propulsion jack that propels the trunk by receiving an excavation reaction force from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, a support frame that extends rearward in the digging direction from the trunk, and a plurality of swiveling rollers supported by the support frame. A swiveling ring supported on the support frame, swiveling means for swiveling the swiveling ring, and a movable supporting support attached to the swiveling ring and capable of moving in the radial direction of the tunnel while holding the support. means and a plurality of stationary支保supporting means for supporting the支保is mounted on a support plate which is disposed along the circumferential direction to the rear end of the body, so equipped and sequentially connecting a plurality of支保Can be easily assembled temporarily in a short period of time, improving workability and improving the workability of the tunnel by assembling the support near the face. Workability of construction work can be improved, and fixed support means for supporting the support are arranged along the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavator and extend outward from the support frame However, only the movable support and support mechanism can be used, and the space can be effectively used as a work space, and wiring of hoses and cables to hydraulic equipment and electric equipment can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel boring machine as a tunnel excavator equipped with an erector apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1 showing a rear gripper.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1 showing the erector apparatus.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 showing the support structure of the swivel ring.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an assembling process of a support by an erector device.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Tunnel boring machine (TBM)
11 Body 13 Cutter head 17 Cutter turning motor (Cutter head driving means)
19 Support frame 22 Rear gripper 24 Gripper jack 26 Gripper shoe 27 Thrust jack (fuselage jack)
30 Belt conveyor 31 Elector device 32 Support arm 33 Swivel roller 34 Swivel ring 37 Hydraulic motor (swivel means)
39 Movable support mechanism 40 Expansion jack 41 Support grip 44 Support roller (fixed support mechanism)
45 Moving jack
48 support plate
49 support arm

Claims (5)

In erector apparatus for assembling a支保carried into the tunnel, a support frame that extends longitudinally rearward at the center of the tunneling machine, is supported pivotally by a plurality of pivoting roller supported by said support frame A swiveling ring mounted on the support frame; swiveling means for swiveling the swiveling ring; movable supporting support means attached to the swiveling ring and capable of moving in the radial direction of the tunnel while holding the support; a support plate disposed along the inner wall surface of the excavator, erector apparatus being characterized in that comprises a plurality of stationary支保supporting means for supporting the支保is mounted on the support plate, the. 2. The erector apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the fixed supporting and supporting means are located on an inner periphery of the support plate, a support arm fixed to the support plate, and a support roller attached to the support arm; An erector apparatus characterized by comprising: 2. The erector apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movable support support means includes an extension jack fixed to the swivel ring, and a support grip portion movable in the radial direction of the tunnel by the extension jack. Electa device to do. 2. The erector apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixed support support means includes a hydraulic jack fixed to the support plate, and a support roller movable in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by the hydraulic jack. Electa device. A cylindrical fuselage, a cutter head rotatably mounted on the front of the fuselage, cutter head driving means for driving and rotating the cutter head, and excavating reaction force from the inner wall surface of the tunnel to propel the fuselage A trunk propelling jack, a support frame extending rearward in the digging direction from the trunk, and a pivoting ring that is pivotally supported by a plurality of pivoting rollers supported by the support frame and is mounted on the support frame. Swiveling means for swiveling the swivel ring, movable support support means mounted on the swivel ring and holding the support and movable in the radial direction of the tunnel, and a rear end portion of the fuselage along the circumferential direction A tunnel excavator comprising: a plurality of fixed support means that are attached to a support plate disposed to support the support.

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