JP3961659B2 - Crushing apparatus and crushing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus and a crushing method suitable for loosening an object to be processed configured by laminating a plurality of sheet materials or crushing a plastic block or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, disposable diapers, newspapers and other sheet materials that are discarded are sent to an incinerator such as a boiler after being collected. At that time, as shown in FIG. 3 (1), a plurality of accumulated sheet materials 101 are stacked and compressed by bundling with a bundling tape 102 to form a lump, and temporarily stored without being bulky. Is done. Further, the laminated sheet material 101 may be stored in a bag.
[0003]
Since the sheet material 101 in such a stacked and compressed state is difficult to incinerate, the sheet material 101 is shifted from each other as shown in FIG. 3B after the string 102 is cut or taken out of the bag. It is done to relax.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, since the unraveling work has been performed manually, the work efficiency is low and a great deal of labor is required.
[0005]
An object of this invention is to provide the crushing apparatus and the crushing method which can solve the said problem.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The crushing apparatus of the present invention includes a first crushing member having a first receiving surface, a second crushing member having a second receiving surface facing the first receiving surface with a space therebetween, A crushing tooth projecting from the receiving surface and a mechanism for rotationally driving at least one of the both crushing members so that the both receiving surfaces rotate relative to each other. Each of the solutions is arranged so that the crushing teeth protruding from the first receiving surface and the crushing teeth protruding from the second receiving surface do not overlap each other in a plan view. The projecting dimension of each of the receiving surfaces of the pulverized teeth is set, and the workpiece to be introduced from above between both receiving surfaces can be dropped downward from between the both receiving surfaces, and the both crushing members are mutually connected. at different speeds in opposite directions Ru is rotated.
Between the receiving surfaces of the crushing apparatus of the present invention, a processed material obtained by bundling and compressing a laminated sheet material from above or a processed material in which the laminated sheet material is put in a bag is put. Preferably, the binding tape or bag is broken by the crushing teeth, the sheet materials are loosened so as to be displaced from each other, and the loosened object is dropped from both receiving surfaces and discharged.
According to the configuration of the present invention, an object to be processed is placed between the receiving surfaces from above between the receiving surfaces, and at least one of the crushing members is rotationally driven to relatively rotate both receiving surfaces. In the state where the crushed teeth are bitten into the object to be processed, the rotational force of the pulverizing member can be applied to the object to be processed through the crushed teeth. At this time, both receiving surfaces face each other with an interval, and the interval gradually decreases toward the lower side. What are the crushing teeth protruding from the first receiving surface and the crushing teeth protruding from the second receiving surface? Since they do not overlap with each other in a plan view, it is possible to hold a lump as an object to be processed by breaking the teeth. Thereby, when the to-be-processed object is comprised by laminating | stacking a some sheet material, it can loosen so that each sheet material may mutually shift with the rotational force. Moreover, when the to-be-processed object is an integrally molded product, it can be crushed by the rotational force. The to-be-processed object that has been crushed, that is, unraveled or crushed can be dropped from between both receiving surfaces and discharged. Since the relative rotational speed of both the receiving surfaces can be increased, the processing speed can be improved, and the rotational speed of one of the crushed members can be decreased, so that slippage between the crushed teeth and the workpiece can be prevented.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A crushing apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 (1) and 1 (2) includes a rectangular tube-shaped cover 3 supported by a base 2, and disk-shaped first and second crushing elements disposed in the cover 3. Members 4 and 5 are provided.
[0009]
The cover 3 has left and right side walls 3a and 3b and front and rear walls 3c and 3d. The upper end is an input port for the object to be processed and the lower end is an outlet port for the object to be processed. The left and right side walls 3a and 3b are inclined with respect to the vertical direction so that the distance from each other gradually decreases as the distance from each other decreases. The front and rear side walls 3c and 3d are inclined with respect to the vertical direction so that the distance between the front and rear side walls 3c and 3d gradually decreases as the distance from each other decreases. A flexible sheet 6 is attached to the lower part of the cover 3 in order to prevent scattering when the workpiece is discharged.
[0010]
The first crushing member 4 is supported by a left side wall 3a of the cover 3 via a bearing (not shown) so as to be rotatable about its own central axis 4a. The second crushing member 5 is supported by a right side wall 3b of the cover 3 via a bearing (not shown) so as to be rotatable about its own central axis 5a. The facing surface of the first crushing member 4 with the second crushing member 5 is a first receiving surface 4b, and the facing surface of the second crushing member 5 with the first crushing member 4 is the first receiving surface 4b. The second receiving surface 5b is opposed to the first receiving surface 4b at an interval. Since the central shafts 4a and 5a of both the crushing members 4 and 5 are both inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, the both crushing members 4 and 5 gradually become smaller as the distance between the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b goes downward. It is arranged to be. In the present embodiment, both the crushing members 4 and 5 are mirror-symmetric with respect to one vertical plane between the both receiving surfaces 4b and 5b, and both the central axes 4a and 5a are in the one vertical plane and are in the horizontal direction. The absolute values of the inclination angles with respect to each other are equal to each other and intersect at the center position between the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b.
[0011]
The rotation driving mechanisms 11 and 12 of the crushing members 4 and 5 are supported by the base 2. Each rotary drive mechanism 11, 12 has motors 11a, 12a and speed reducers 11b, 12b. Each motor 11a, 12a is rotationally driven at a speed according to a signal from the control device 13, and the rotation of each motor 11a, 12a is decelerated by the speed reducers 11b, 12b and transmitted to the crushing members 4, 5. Thereby, both the crushing members 4 and 5 are rotationally driven at mutually different speeds in the opposite directions around the respective center axes 4a and 5a. At this time, the crushing members 4 and 5 are rotationally driven about the respective center axes 4a and 5a, so that the both receiving surfaces 4b and 5b are kept in a state where the interval between the both receiving surfaces 4b and 5b is kept constant. Rotates relative to each other. Note that the overload detection sensors 14a and 14b attached to the motors 11a and 12a are connected to the control device 13, and the motors 11a and 12b are driven in reverse when in an overload state.
[0012]
A plurality of crushing teeth 7 protrude from the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), each crushing tooth 7 is comprised by a U-shaped member, and has a pair of tooth part 7a, 7b and the connection part 7c of both tooth part 7a, 7b. When a nut is screwed into a bolt inserted into the through hole 8 formed in each crushing tooth 7 and the through hole 9 formed in each crushing member 4 and 5 as shown in FIG. Thus, each crushing tooth 7 is fixed to each crushing member 4, 5. The protruding dimensions of the crushing members 4 and 5 from the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b are such that the crushing teeth 7 protruding from the first receiving surface 4b and the crushing teeth 7 protruding from the second receiving surface 5b are flat. It is set so as not to overlap each other in the visual state. What is necessary is just to set suitably the space | interval of both receiving surface 4b, 5b, and the protrusion dimension from each receiving surface 4b, 5b of the crushing tooth 7 so that crushing according to the dimension of a to-be-processed object can be performed.
[0013]
In the present embodiment, the object to be processed can be input from above between the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b by the belt conveyor 15 from the input port at the upper end of the cover 3. In addition, from the outlet at the lower end of the cover 3, the thrown object to be processed can be dropped downward from between the receiving surfaces 4 b and 5 b after crushing. In the present embodiment, the object to be processed can be carried out to equipment such as a boiler by the belt conveyor 16 disposed below the discharge port.
[0014]
According to the said structure, a to-be-processed object is thrown in between both receiving surface 4b, 5b from the upper direction between both receiving surface 4b, 5b, both the crushing members 4 and 5 are rotationally driven, both receiving surface 4b, By rotating 5b relatively, the rotational force of the crushing members 4 and 5 can be applied to the workpiece via the crushing teeth 7 in a state where the crushing teeth 7 are bitten into the workpiece. it can. At this time, the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b are opposed to each other with an interval, and the interval gradually decreases toward the lower side, and the crushed teeth 7 and the second receiving surface 4b projecting from the first receiving surfaces 4b and 5b. Since the crushed teeth 7 protruding from 5b do not overlap with each other in a plan view, the crushed teeth 7 can be held as the object to be processed. Thereby, when the to-be-processed object is comprised by laminating | stacking a some sheet material, it can loosen so that each sheet material may mutually shift with the rotational force. Moreover, when the to-be-processed object is an integrally molded product such as a plastic block, it can be crushed by the rotational force. The crushed workpiece can be dropped and discharged from between the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b. Further, by rotating the crushing members 4 and 5 at different speeds in opposite directions, the relative rotation speed of the receiving surfaces 4b and 5b can be increased to improve the processing speed. The rotational speed of any one of 4 and 5 can be reduced to prevent slippage between the crushed tooth 7 and the object to be processed. Furthermore, when the sheet material laminated as the object to be processed is bundled with a tape or the like and compressed or loosened in a bag, the bundling tape or bag can be broken by the crushing teeth 7, so that the bundling tape is cut. Or the need to take out the sheet material from the bag.
[0015]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, although both the crushing members are rotationally driven in the above embodiment, only one of them may be rotationally driven. Moreover, in the said embodiment, both the crushing members are arrange | positioned so that the center axis | shaft of both crushing members may incline with respect to a horizontal direction so that the space | interval of both receiving surfaces may become small gradually. However, the center axis of one of the crushing members is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, and the center axis of the other crushing member is aligned along the horizontal direction, so that both the crushing members are separated from each other by the distance between the receiving surfaces. You may arrange | position so that it may become small gradually as it goes below. Further, the form of the crushed teeth is not particularly limited as long as it can bite into the object to be processed.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, to the object to be processed constituted by laminating a plurality of sheet materials, the force in the direction of shifting each sheet material can be applied, and the object to be processed can be loosened efficiently and reliably. Moreover, the crushing apparatus which can crush to-be-processed objects, such as a plastic block, can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a side view of a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a crushing tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention; ) Is a side view of the crushing member. [FIG. 3] (1) is a perspective view of the workpiece before unraveling, (2) is a perspective view of the unraveled state.
4, 5 Crushing member 4b, 5b Receiving surface 7 Crushing teeth 11, 12 Rotation drive mechanism

Claims (2)

A first crushing member having a first receiving surface;
A second crushing member having a second receiving surface facing the first receiving surface at an interval;
Crushing teeth protruding from each receiving surface;
A mechanism for rotationally driving at least one of the two crushing members so that both receiving surfaces rotate relative to each other;
Both crushing members are arranged so that the distance between both receiving surfaces gradually decreases,
Projection dimensions of the crushed teeth from the receiving surfaces so that the crushed teeth protruding from the first receiving surface and the crushed teeth protruding from the second receiving surface do not overlap each other in a plan view. Is set,
An object to be processed put between the receiving surfaces from above can be dropped downward from between the receiving surfaces ,
The two crusher material the rotated Ru crushing device at different speeds in opposite directions. An object to be processed in which a sheet material laminated from above is bound with a tape between both receiving surfaces of the crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or a object to be processed in which the laminated sheet material is put in a bag. A crushing method in which the binding tape or bag is broken by the crushing teeth, the sheet materials are loosened so as to be shifted from each other, and the loosened workpiece is dropped from both receiving surfaces and discharged. .

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