JP3955763B2 - Retaining wall block and retaining wall construction method using the same - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a retaining wall block the normal loading scheme suitable for building a retaining wall to slope and placed from above in the reverse downward, and to a retaining wall construction method using the retaining wall blocks.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing a retaining wall on a slope , a construction method in which retaining wall blocks are stacked on a base has been common. However, in the case of the usual retaining wall construction method, in which the retaining wall blocks are stacked in order from the bottom, it is necessary to excavate the natural ground drastically, and there is a problem of overexcavation, and a scaffold is necessary during construction. Has the disadvantages. In addition, there is a risk of causing a sediment collapse accident during construction.
[0003]
In order to make up for this drawback, there is a method shown in FIG. 21 as a method for constructing a retaining wall using a concrete plate from the upper side to the lower side of the slope. In this method, when the concrete plate 22 is arranged to reinforce the cut slope 21, the upper concrete plate is fixed with a reinforcing material (steel bar, long bolt, etc.) 23 that is driven toward the ground, The lower part is excavated (a), the lower concrete plate is arranged in the excavated part (b), and the lower concrete board is fixed by the reinforcing material 23 driven into the natural ground from above, from above. This is a method of constructing a retaining wall downward (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-34464). Since this construction method does not require extra cutting or backfilling, the amount of earthwork can be reduced, and the amount of excavated soil can be greatly reduced, so that it is possible to maintain the forest and protect the natural environment without damaging the ground. There are features such as.
[0004]
However, in this conventional construction method, it is necessary to fix the upper precast plate to the effective part of the natural ground with the long reinforcing material 23 prior to the lower excavation after the upper precast plate is arranged. As is apparent from FIGS. 21A to 21F, this work is difficult and dangerous. In addition, as shown in FIG. 21 (e), the head of the reinforcing member 23 is fixed with a torque wrench or the like, and then a complicated work is required to finish by attaching a cap that hides the head of the reinforcing member 23. . For this reason, the overall construction cost is higher than that of the general construction method, which hinders the spread of the construction method.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, when constructing a retaining wall using retaining wall blocks, it is possible to reduce the amount of excavated soil and protect the natural ground, and there is no need to construct a scaffold, and it is possible to construct a retaining wall with high efficiency and low cost. The wall construction method was examined. Furthermore, the durability of the constructed retaining wall was also examined, and a retaining wall block suitable for this construction method was provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For above-mentioned problems, the present onset Ming, a front plate, to form the concreting gap with concrete設口upward by a copy plate provided to be inclined with respect to the front plate through the beam portion, the rear beam portion provided on the back of the copy version and said copy version developed a retaining wall block which is formed by forming a Dokomi portion that opens upward. More good details, the lower portion front plate, are formed at the bottom to the flexion of the upper front plate, by a copy plate provided to be inclined with respect to the front plate through the beam portion, concrete設口upward to form the concrete設間gap having a top front plates or Receipt Version back to retaining wall blocks formed by forming an opening was Dokomi unit upward by a rear beam portion and the copy version provided for. A structure in which the upper front plate is substantially parallel to the gradient of the retaining wall, the holding plate is formed in a dogleg-shaped bent state opposite to the upper front plate, and the lower front plate is formed in a substantially vertical state is preferable. To facilitate the work hanging in the retaining wall block, preferably hanging or provided ring, provided hanging means such as providing a screw hole for screwing the hanging ring on top of the retaining wall blocks. If a superposed protrusion is formed on the upper part of the upper front plate, the gap with the upper retaining wall block can be covered.
[0007]
Moreover, if a drainage hole is provided in the beam portion in the front-rear direction provided in the concrete placing gap, the back pressure applied to the retaining wall can be reduced by draining the water on the rear surface of the retaining wall. If there is a problem in strength between the front plate and the plate that is tilted so that the lower part is wide, concrete reinforcement is placed from the top or bottom of the front plate toward the plate. It can also be provided in a state where a possible passage hole is formed.
[0008]
The upper retaining wall blocks and the lower retaining wall blocks, is maintained at a high strength by Da設integrated concrete and the concreting gap and Dokomi portion. In addition to the commonly used concrete, it is also possible to use a material that can achieve solidification of the entire retaining wall, such as lightweight concrete, synthetic resin, and synthetic resin foam. These can be made green by adjusting the amount of placement from the concrete placement opening to form a planting soil filling chamber in the upper part between the plate and the lower front plate. In this case, in order to prevent root rot, it is preferable to use a water retaining agent or porous concrete that can be drained below the filling chamber of the planting soil, or to provide a drain hole in the lower front plate.
[0009]
The present invention as another aspect, it is conceivable to the top or bottom of the retaining wall block provided engagement means between the upper retaining wall blocks and the lower retaining wall blocks. Examples of the engaging means include a hook-shaped hook metal fitting that suspends the lower retaining wall block from the upper retaining wall block. In the case of the hook-shaped hook metal fitting, the lower retaining wall block can be arranged in the horizontal direction while being rotated in the vertical direction with respect to the upper retaining wall block. Moreover, the safety | security in the operation | work which excavates the natural ground below the lower retaining wall block further can be ensured.
[0010]
In addition, a concrete spill prevention plate is formed above the rear beam on the back of the upper front plate or holding plate, and the lower plate of the spill prevention plate is loaded with retaining wall blocks. A fitting groove that fits below the lower front plate may be provided. Moreover, also the upper portion of the upper front plate or the lower front plate provided with a notch for mold plates inserted at the bottom, the inserted mold plate may allow outflow prevention in the lateral direction of the concrete. Additionally, or provided Haisuji in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall blocks, also be subjected to Haisuji in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall blocks during construction, since preferred for increasing the retaining wall strength can be implemented if necessary .
[0011]
Furthermore, the present invention uses any one of the above retaining wall blocks, and arranges and connects the upper retaining wall block in the lateral direction above the slope surface, and excavates a part of the ground below it to form the excavation slope surface portion. retaining wall construction and, the place lower retaining wall blocks drilling method surface section, integrated with the concrete to Da設to the Dokomi of concrete設間gap and lower retaining wall blocks of the upper retaining wall blocks Developed a method. Specifically, using a retaining wall block formed with a concrete placement gap and a trunk portion, excavation method is performed by excavating a part of the lower ground between the upper retaining wall blocks connected laterally above the slope. and the surface portion and the non-excavating natural ground portion, by placing the blocks of the lower stage to the excavation slopes portion, Dokomi portion of retaining wall blocks of said lower and concrete設間gap retaining wall blocks of the upper The lower retaining wall block group and a part of the upper retaining wall block group are vertically integrated by the concrete placed on the upper side, and then the upper retaining wall block group in the lateral direction of the lower retaining wall block group. Place a group of other lower retaining wall blocks on the excavation slope part formed by excavating the unexcavated ground part remaining below, and perform a series of processes to integrate the vertical and horizontal sides in the vertical and horizontal directions. Retaining wall structure that builds the retaining wall from top to bottom while repeating It is a method.
[0012]
In this retaining wall construction method, it is preferable that the uppermost retaining wall block is integrally constructed after finishing with top-end concrete or simultaneously. The top end structure can be constructed using the bearing force of the unexcavated ground. In addition, a foundation for stably supporting the entire retaining wall can be formed below the lowermost retaining wall block by spotting, or a foundation block can be used.
[0013]
According to this retaining wall construction method, when a part of the unexcavated ground part below the upper retaining wall block is excavated to form the excavation slope part, the upper suspended wall block suspended above the excavation slope part is It will be supported by the cross beam formed by the retaining wall block group supported by the natural ground. For that purpose, the integration of the retaining wall blocks with concrete is also preferable, but it is more effective if reinforcement is provided between the retaining wall blocks connected in the lateral direction of the slope. Also suitable that has been subjected to Haisuji to individual retaining wall blocks to have a reinforcement continuous between retaining wall blocks.
[0014]
Further, a drainage material or a clearance treatment material may be used between the natural ground and the back of the retaining wall block as necessary. The drainage material only needs to have a function of draining the water behind the retaining wall and reducing the backside pressure. For example, porous inorganic particles such as porous concrete, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, wire mesh, etc. It can be selected from materials that allow water to penetrate. The gap treatment material is for filling the gap between the sloped wall and the slope after excavation when matching the retaining wall block with the designed slope, and if it has strength and durability, inorganic particles (For example, gravel, crushed stone, etc.) and organic particles can be used.
[0015]
And prevent damage to equalize the ground supporting the retaining wall blocks, in order to facilitate placement and positioning, furthermore, stability, for the sake of safety and the like, to the bottom surface of the retaining wall blocks to place excavation slopes portion A cushioning material, a sliding material, an anti-slip material, or a wedge material may be used. As the buffer material, inorganic or organic fiber nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, wire mesh, and other porous members can be used. When the lower retaining wall block is placed below the upper retaining wall block, the sliding material can reduce sliding resistance and facilitate movement, and can be moved by metal plates, plastic plates, parallel bars, rollers Etc. are used as appropriate. A wedge material may also be used to ensure placement and positioning accuracy. Furthermore, in order to prevent the movement of the retaining wall block placed, and to ensure the safety until the retaining wall is completed, between the bottom surface of the retaining wall block and the natural ground, or to ensure the stability of the completed retaining wall. It is also preferable to use an anti-slip material between the back of the retaining wall block and the natural ground.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 6 show the construction of the retaining wall construction method of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a front view of a completed retaining wall example. 1 to 5, (a) is a construction sectional view, and (b) is a front view. In this construction, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a natural mountain that becomes a top end portion is excavated. 2) Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper retaining wall block 1 a at the uppermost stage (top edge) is sequentially arranged in the lateral direction of the slope so that it is supported by the natural ground 2. 3) Next, as shown in FIG. 3, concrete is filled in the back surface portion 3 of the upper retaining wall block 1 a to form the top concrete 4. Depending on the construction site, the top end concrete 4 may be integrated in advance with the upper part of the upper retaining wall block 1a. Further, a joint may be provided on the side surface of the upper retaining wall block 1a.
[0017]
4) Next, after the top concrete 4 is formed, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower ground 2 of the upper retaining wall block 1a is alternated between the excavation slope portion 2a and the unexcavated ground portion 2b. Excavate. The upper retaining wall block group integrated with concrete is supported by the unexcavated ground part and forms a horizontal beam, so it does not fall even if the lower ground part is excavated. 5) Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower retaining wall block 1b is disposed on the excavation slope portion 2a so as to be supported by the natural ground. 6) Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, it is integrated with the lower retaining wall block 1b by filling the concrete from the concrete placement port 5 which is an opening in front of the upper retaining wall block 1a. Between the rear surface of each retaining wall block and the excavation slope 6, clearance treatment materials and drainage materials are used when necessary.
[0018]
When the retaining wall is constructed from above to below while repeating the above 4) to 6) multiple times in the downward and lateral directions, the retaining wall is constructed as shown in FIG. 7 by the so-called reverse winding block method. be able to. A base 24 is formed to fill the concrete from the concrete placing port 5 in front of the lowermost retaining wall block 1n and stably support the entire retaining wall. It is also possible to use a trapezoidal cross section foundation block. In this example, the lower retaining wall blocks are arranged such that the potato joints, can also be placed lower retaining wall blocks to have discrepancies joint (breaking joint). Moreover, the shape of the joint can also be made arbitrary, such as a valley cut, a double cut, and a turtle shell cut.
[0019]
Examples of retaining wall blocks used in this retaining wall construction method are shown in FIGS. This retaining wall block 1 forms a holding plate 8 at the lower part of the upper front plate 7 formed substantially parallel to the retaining wall gradient, and forms a body portion 10 that opens upward. Further, a concrete placing gap 11 is formed by the lower front plate 9 at the lower part of the upper front plate 7 and in front of the holding plate 8. Further, the upper part between the holding plate 8 and the lower front plate 9 is opened to form a concrete placing port 5. A beam 12 is formed in the front-rear direction in the middle of the concrete placing gap 11 between the holding plate 8 and the lower front plate 9 to form a frame, and the concrete placed on both sides of the beam 12 is left and right. It is possible to integrate the adjacent retaining wall block and the lower retaining wall block to increase the rigidity of the retaining wall. A back beam portion 13 is also formed in the middle of the trunk portion 10 in the front-rear direction and is reinforced. In this example, a lateral through-hole 14 is formed in the back beam portion 13, and reinforcement is provided between retaining wall blocks connected in the lateral direction of the slope or used for a suspension operation. In order to facilitate the suspension work, a suspension ring may be provided or an appropriate suspension means such as a screw hole for screwing the suspension ring may be provided at an appropriate position.
[0020]
A front overlapping projection 15 is formed on the upper portion of the upper front plate 7 so as to cover a gap with the upper retaining wall block. In addition, by providing drain holes 16 in the longitudinal direction of the beam part, the water behind the retaining wall is drained to reduce the back pressure on the retaining wall, as shown in the cross section of the main part after construction. I try to let them. FIG. 11 is a front view, and FIG. 12 is a plan view. The drainage material 17 was used for the portion where the back beam portion 13 was in contact with the excavation slope, and the clearance treatment material 18 was used for the portion where there was a gap. The drainage material 17 has a function of draining the water behind the retaining wall to reduce the backside pressure. In this example, porous (porous) concrete was used. For example, it can be selected and used from nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and the like. Crevice treatment material 18 fills the gap that occurs between the slope and the slope after excavation when matching the retaining wall block with the designed gradient, and it is an inorganic material obtained by heat-treating mineral with strength and durability. An open cell was used.
[0021]
How to place the lower retaining wall block 1b to below the upper retaining wall blocks 1a drilling slope face portions, as seen in FIG. 13, a predetermined position by moving the lower retaining wall block 1b in the horizontal direction One way is to place it in the right place while hanging it. When the lower retaining wall block 1b is moved in the horizontal direction, a metal plate movement resistance reducing material is temporarily used to reduce sliding resistance and facilitate movement. Use of a wedge material or the like is also performed as appropriate in order to ensure accurate placement and positioning. Furthermore, in order to prevent the movement of the retaining wall block placed, and to ensure the safety until the retaining wall is completed, between the bottom surface of the retaining wall block and the natural ground, or to ensure the stability of the completed retaining wall. It is also preferable to use an anti-slip material between the back of the retaining wall block and the natural ground.
[0022]
14 to 17 show an embodiment of the present invention in which means for preventing the concrete from flowing out in the lateral direction from above the back beam portion 13 is provided. 14 to 16, a lateral outflow prevention plate 25 is formed above the back beam portion 13, and a fitting groove 26 is provided below the lower front plate 9. The lateral retaining plate 25 of the lower retaining wall block has a dense structure so that it fits into the fitting groove 26 of the upper retaining wall block when the retaining wall block is stacked. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the upper front plate 7 and the lower front plate 9 are provided with notches 27 and 28 for inserting the form plate, respectively, and the inserted form plate can prevent the concrete from flowing out in the lateral direction. May be. The notch for inserting the mold plate may be provided only in either the upper front plate 7 or the lower front plate 9.
[0023]
FIG. 18 shows another structural example of the retaining wall block that can be used in the retaining wall construction method of the present invention by simplifying the structure of the retaining wall block exemplified so far. The retaining wall block, by a copy plate 8 provided in an inclined so that the lower widened via the beam portion 12 and the front plate 29 to the front plate, concrete設口5 of some lower wide concrete upward In this structure, the gap portion 11 is formed, and at the same time, the body portion 10 having a narrowed bottom is formed on the back portion of the plate. A back beam 13 is formed on the back of the plate.
[0024]
As another aspect of the retaining wall construction method of the present invention, it is also conceivable that the lower retaining wall block as shown in FIG. 19 is arranged while being rotated. For this purpose, the engaging means 19 is provided between the upper retaining wall block 1a and the lower retaining wall block 1b. As the engagement means 19, a hook-shaped hook metal fitting 19a capable of hanging the lower retaining wall block 1b in front of the bottom of the upper retaining wall block 1a is pivotally supported so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction, and the lower retaining wall is provided. A receiving ring 19b is provided in front of the upper portion of the block 1b so that the hook metal piece 19a can be hooked. In this case, after engaging the hook-shaped hook metal fitting 19a of the engaging means 19 and the receiving ring 19b, the lower retaining wall block 1b is rotated in the vertical direction with respect to the upper retaining wall block 1a, and horizontally. Adjustable to the direction. There is also a feature to ensure safety during the work of further excavating the natural ground below the lower retaining wall block.
[0025]
Figure 20 is a retaining wall constructed by retaining walls construction method of the present invention there is provided a case in which the vegetation can multi natural type, the upper retaining wall blocks 1a and the lower disposed from above downward as When the retaining wall block 1b is integrated with the concrete placement gap 11 and the trunk portion 10 by concrete placement, the amount of placement from the concrete placement opening 5 is adjusted to adjust the holding plate 8 and the lower front plate 9 A space 20 is left in the upper part of the space, and a filling room 20 for planting soil or the like is formed to enable greening. In order to prevent root rot of the plant, porous concrete is used below the bottom of the planting soil filling chamber 20 and a drain hole is provided in the lower front plate 9.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
The retaining wall block of the present invention is suitable for integrating the upper retaining wall block and the lower retaining wall block, which are arranged from the upper side to the lower side of the retaining wall in this retaining wall construction method, by concrete placement. In addition, the upper retaining wall block group integrated by the concrete placement is supported by the unexcavated natural ground portion and forms a horizontal beam, so it does not fall even if the lower natural ground is excavated. Furthermore, after placing the lower retaining wall blocks to excavation slopes portion, by drilling a lower further lower retaining wall blocks in the subsequent step it is possible integral structure which does not fall even. In addition, because both the upper front plate and the lower front plate can be given natural stones or pseudo stone patterns, they can be natural stones or pseudo stone pattern retaining walls, even though they are cast from the front concrete placement port. it can.
[0027]
In addition, by the retaining wall construction method using the retaining wall block of the present invention, the retaining wall block is arranged in a downward direction and a lateral direction while repeating the retaining wall block a plurality of times, so that the retaining wall is constructed from the top to the bottom. The reverse winding block method was made possible. Compared with the conventional retaining wall construction method, the amount of excavated soil can be reduced, the ground can be protected, and there is no need to construct a scaffold. Retaining wall construction method that can be constructed at high efficiency and at low cost. Furthermore, safety during construction is ensured, and the durability of the constructed retaining wall is also good.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show a state of partial excavation in the retaining wall construction method of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a sectional view of construction and FIG. 1B is a front view;
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a state where a first-stage retaining wall block is arranged from the top, FIG. 2A is a sectional view of construction, and FIG. 2B is a front view;
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state where top end concrete is formed, in which FIG. 3A is a sectional view of construction and FIG. 3B is a front view;
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a state where the lower ground of the retaining wall block is excavated so that the excavation slope portion and the unexcavated ground portion alternate, (a) is a construction sectional view, and (b) is a front view. It is.
FIGS. 5A and 5B show a state in which a lower retaining wall block is arranged on the excavation slope portion, where FIG. 5A is a construction sectional view, and FIG. 5B is a front view.
FIG. 6 is a construction cross-sectional view showing a state in which the concrete is filled with the concrete from the concrete placement port in front of the upper retaining wall block and integrated with the lower retaining wall block.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a retaining wall example completed as a result of the construction of the retaining wall construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of a retaining wall block example used in the retaining wall construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a rear perspective view of the retaining wall block.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part after construction using the retaining wall block.
FIG. 11 is a front view of the main part.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of the main part.
FIG. 13 is a construction sectional view showing a state in which the lower retaining wall block is horizontally moved and arranged.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of an example in which a lateral outflow prevention plate is formed above the rear beam portion.
FIG. 15 is a front view of the same.
16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIGS. 14 and 15. FIG.
FIG. 17 is a front perspective view of an example in which a notch for inserting a mold plate is provided.
FIG. 18 is a rear perspective view of a simplified retaining wall block.
FIG. 19 is a construction cross-sectional view illustrating a state where the lower retaining wall block is disposed while being rotated.
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of an example in which the retaining wall constructed by the retaining wall construction method of the present invention is a multi-natural type that can be vegetated.
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional method for constructing a retaining wall from above to below.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Retaining wall block
1a Upper retaining wall block
1b Lower retaining wall block
1n Lowermost retaining wall block 2
2a Drilling slope
2b Unexcavated ground part 3 Retaining part of retaining wall block 4 Top end concrete 5 Concrete pouring port 6 Digging slope 7 Upper front plate 8 Depression plate 9 Lower front plate
10 Torso
11 Concrete placement gap
12 Beam
13 Back beam
14 Through hole
15 Superposition edge
16 Drain hole
17 Drainage material
18 Clearance treatment material
19 Engagement means
19a hook-shaped hook fitting
19b
20 Filling room for planting soil
24 foundation
25 Lateral outflow prevention version
26 Fitting groove
27 Notch for inserting form plate
28 Notch for inserting form plate
29 Front version

Claims (10)

A front plate, to form the concreting gap with concrete設口upward by copy version and provided inclined with respect to the front plate through the beam portion, the rear beam provided on the back of copy edition A retaining wall block formed by forming a barrel portion opened upward by the portion and the plate . A lower portion front plate, are formed at the bottom to the flexion of the upper front plate, by a copy plate provided to be inclined with respect to the front plate through the beam portion, concreting with concrete設口upward A retaining wall block that forms a gap and forms a trunk portion that opens upwardly by a back beam portion provided on the back portion of the upper front plate or plate and the plate . Substantially parallel upper front plate is in the retaining wall slope, copy version is formed by shaped flexion of the upper front plate and the inverse gradient Do, claim 2 lower front plate is formed in a substantially vertical state Retaining wall block as described. The retaining wall block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a superposed protruding edge with an upper retaining wall block is formed on the upper front plate. The retaining wall block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an engaging means between the upper retaining wall block and the lower retaining wall block is provided at an upper portion or a bottom portion of the retaining wall block. 6. The retaining wall block according to claim 5, wherein the engaging means is a hook-shaped hook fitting for suspending the lower retaining wall block from the upper retaining wall block. And forming a transverse outflow prevention plate of the concrete above the rear beam portion, retaining wall blocks according to claim 2 or 3, wherein providing the groove mutual fit below the lower front plate. Top front plate of the upper or retaining wall block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein providing the notch for mold plate inserted into the bottom of the lower front plate. Using the retaining wall block according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , the upper retaining wall block is arranged and connected in the lateral direction above the slope surface, and a part of the lower ground is excavated to the excavation slope surface portion. formed, the place lower retaining wall blocks drilling method surface section, integrated with the concrete to Da設to the Dokomi of concrete設間gap and lower retaining wall blocks of the upper retaining wall block retaining wall Construction method. Using the retaining wall block according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , excavating a part of the ground below the upper retaining wall block group connected in the lateral direction at the upper part of the slope, and drilling natural ground portion, by arranging the retaining wall blocks of the lower stage to the excavation slopes part, to the Dokomi portion of retaining wall blocks of said lower and concrete設間gap retaining wall blocks of the upper by concrete for pouring, it is integrated and part of the lower retaining wall blocks and the upper retaining wall blocks vertically, then the lower of the lower retaining wall block upper retaining wall blocks in the transverse direction of the group Place a group of other lower retaining wall blocks on the excavation slope part formed by excavating the unexcavated ground part remaining in the area , and repeat a series of processes in the vertical and horizontal directions multiple times in the vertical and horizontal directions Retaining wall construction method that constructs retaining wall from top to bottom.

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