JP4155519B2 - Construction method of concrete frame with underdrain - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a concrete frame provided with a culvert, in particular, a concrete frame installed underground such as an underground garage and a construction method thereof.

Conventionally, a concrete frame to be installed underground such as an underground garage has been constructed by fixing a dam plate by a supporting work, placing a wooden frame, placing concrete, and forming a bottom wall. Specifically, first, after excavating the ground and spreading gravel, etc., horizontal abandoned concrete is formed. Next, a slat such as a concrete panel is thrown away and fixed on the concrete by a supporting work such as a pier to assemble a wooden formwork. Further, predetermined bar arrangement is performed on the discarded concrete using a spacer or the like. Concrete is placed on the wooden frame and cured, and then the wooden frame is removed to form the bottom wall of the concrete frame. In addition, in order to smoothly drain rainwater and groundwater flowing into the back and sides of the concrete frame, crushed stones and crusher run are sprinkled out, or perforated pipes are laid as drainage pipes to form underground culverts that are underground waterways. To do. Moreover, a formwork is constructed using the said reinforcement arrangement | positioning and the side wall of a concrete frame is formed. Thereafter, after the earth and sand are backfilled, rolling is performed to prevent volume reduction of the backfill earth and sand. In addition, constructing a sabo dam, etc. by repeatedly piling up sandbags filled with soil generated in the field and placing concrete in multiple steps on the base until the desired construction height is achieved. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP-A-10-266168

  However, in the conventional method of constructing a concrete frame installed in the basement, after forming the bottom wall of the concrete frame, the wooden frame used to form this bottom wall becomes unnecessary and requires work to remove the frame. Met. In addition, the wooden frame had to be supported and reinforced by a support work such as a pier. In addition, if the construction of the wooden formwork is inappropriate, the wooden formwork may collapse due to the pressure of the concrete to be placed. In addition, since there are many support works such as piers, the free movement of workers has been hindered, especially when placing concrete.

  In addition, when crushed stones and crushers are sprinkled to form culverts, fine particles such as backfill earth and sand enter the voids in the culvert and cause clogging, so the culvert loses its drainage function over time. There was a case. In addition, when a culvert is formed by laying a perforated pipe, if the perforated pipe is buried in a deep part, the perforated pipe may be deformed and damaged by the pressure of the sediment deposited on it. It was. In addition, in order to prevent damage to the perforated pipe in the vicinity where the perforated pipe is buried, sufficient rolling pressure cannot be applied to the backfill earth and sand, and the volume of the backfill earth and sand may shrink. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances and problems, and can reduce work such as removing the formwork used when forming the bottom wall of the concrete frame to be installed underground. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete frame having a culvert that can retain its function over time and a method for constructing the same.

In order to achieve the object, a method for constructing a concrete frame having a culvert according to claim 1 includes an excavation step of excavating the ground to form a horizontal base at a predetermined depth, and crushed stone or crusher run. A series of steps formed by adjoining a plurality of sandbags stacked on top of each other are stacked on the base , and a culvert is formed so that both ends of the sequence of steps face each drainage groove at a predetermined interval. And forming a culvert forming step so as to block between both ends of the culvert, and arranging a bar in a place surrounded by the culvert and the mold on the base. When,
By placing concrete in a place surrounded by the underdrain and the formwork so as to include a part of the bar arrangement, after the concrete is hardened, only the formwork is removed and the bottom wall is removed. And a side wall forming step of forming a side wall made of concrete continuous with the bottom wall using the reinforcing bar.

According to the method for constructing a concrete frame having a culvert according to claim 1, an excavation step of excavating the ground to form a horizontal base at a predetermined depth and a number of sandbags filled with crushed stone or crusheran are mutually connected. stacked plurality of stages a series of stages which is formed adjacent on the base, to form a culvert both ends of the stage of the bout is to face the respective drainage grooves at predetermined intervals, the culvert A culvert forming step for installing a formwork so as to block between both ends of the cover, a laying step for performing rebar placement at a location surrounded by the culvert and the formwork on the base , the underlay and the the portion surrounded by a mold, said to include a portion of the reinforcement to Da設the concrete, after which the concrete has cured, to form the bottom wall by removing by Datsuwaku only the formwork A bottom wall forming step, are anda side wall forming a side wall made of concrete that is continuous with the bottom wall with the reinforcement. Therefore, after the bottom wall of the concrete frame is formed, it is not necessary to remove the piled sandbag used as the mold for forming the bottom wall, so that the work for removing the mold can be reduced. In addition, sandbags filled with crushed stones or crusher orchids are heavy, so that the sandbags piled up as a formwork can be prevented from collapsing by the pressure of the concrete to be placed, so the formwork is supported by a support such as a pier. The work to reinforce can be reduced. In addition, since the number of support works such as piers can be reduced, the worker can move and work more freely when placing concrete.

  In addition, a series of steps formed by adjoining each other, in which a number of sandbags filled with crushed stone or crusher orchid are stacked, form a culvert with its end facing the drainage ditch. Therefore, the culvert and the mold for forming the bottom wall can be formed at the same time, and the working efficiency can be improved. In addition, even if the culvert due to the piled sandbags is formed in a deep part of the ground, compared to the case where a culvert is formed by embedding a perforated pipe, etc. There is no deformation. Moreover, compared with the case where a culvert is formed by embedding a perforated pipe or the like, the underdrain due to the piled sandbags is not damaged by the rolling pressure on the backfill soil, so that sufficient rolling can be performed. The volume shrinkage of backfilling earth and sand can be reduced. Moreover, since the end part of the culvert by the sandbag which piled up faces the drainage groove, it is not necessary to form another culvert and work efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, because the sandbags are well-drained by stacking a series of steps formed by adjoining a number of sandbags filled with crushed stone or crusheran, the sandbags have good drainage. Even if there is, if the work is performed on the piled sandbags, the operator's feet will not become muddy, so that the work can be performed in a better state, and the work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since it can reduce that mud adheres to a shoe sole etc. of an operator, it can prevent surroundings, such as a front road, with mud. In addition, sandbags used to pack crushed stones or crusheran into sandbags prevent sandbags such as backfilled sand deposited on the sandbags from entering the sandbag and causing clogging. Can retain its drainage function over time.

  A concrete frame with a culvert that can reduce work such as removing the formwork used to form the bottom wall of the concrete frame installed in the basement and can retain the drainage function over time. The purpose of the construction method is to build a culvert by stacking a series of steps formed by adjoining a number of sandbags, and then placing concrete using the piled sandbags as a mold to form a bottom wall made of concrete. Realized by forming.

  Hereinafter, the construction method of the concrete frame provided with the underdrain according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described based on the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 (a) to FIG. 1 (c), FIG. 2 (a) to FIG. 2 (c) and FIG. An excavation process for forming a horizontal base 30 at a predetermined depth and a series of steps formed by adjoining a plurality of sandbags 41 filled with crushed stone or crusher run are stacked on the base 30 in a plurality of stages. A culvert forming process for forming a culvert 40 whose part faces the drainage groove 102, a laying process for performing bar arrangement 60 on the base 30, and a bottom made of concrete by placing concrete using the piled sandbag 41 as a formwork A bottom wall forming step for forming the wall 11, a side wall forming step for forming the side wall 12 made of concrete continuous with the bottom wall 11 using the reinforcing bar 60, and a backfilling step for backfilling the backfilling earth and sand 70. How to build It is. Here, the case where the underground garage 10 which is an underground structure is constructed as the concrete frame 10 will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 3, the underground garage 10 has a drainage groove 102 at the end of the road 101 sandwiched between a road 101 provided at a position lower than the ground surface GL of the ground 20 on which the house body 100 is to be built. Therefore, it is constructed by opening the front which is the entrance of the car. In addition, this underground garage 10 may be a semi-underground type, and it is sufficient that at least the bottom wall 11 of the underground garage 10 is located below the ground surface GL.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1A, an excavation process is performed in which the ground 20 is excavated to form a horizontal base 30 at a predetermined depth. After excavating the ground 20 before excavation indicated by the two-dot chain line and carrying out root cutting work, laying stones, gravel, etc. (not shown) on the root cutting bottom (not shown), and placing concrete on it After casting, a flat concrete with a thickness of about 5 cm is formed as the base 30 so that the upper surface is horizontal.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, a culvert formation process is performed in which a series of steps formed by adjoining a plurality of sandbags 41 are stacked on the base 30 to form a culvert 40. The underdrain 40 is provided in order to smoothly drain rainwater and groundwater flowing into the back and sides of the concrete housing 10 that is an underground garage. Here, as the sandbag 41, what was disclosed by patent 3187804, for example can be used. This sandbag is filled with soil or a substitute in a sandbag bag made of woven or non-woven fabric, and is molded into a box shape and the mouth of the sandbag bag is tightened. It is displayed and secured. However, the sandbag 41 is filled with crushed stone or crusher run, which is a coarse aggregate obtained by crushing or crushing rocks with a crusher or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, using the base 30 as a reference, a series of steps in which sandbags 41 are adjacent to each other are placed on the base 30 and arranged. Sandbags 41 are laid out in close proximity to the three U-shaped sides of the base 30 other than the side located on the front surface facing the road 101. Similarly, a plurality of stages of sandbags 41 are stacked on the stage of the sandbags 41 placed and laid on the base 30 as a series of steps, and the sandbags 41 have a thickness as shown in FIG. Stack regularly in a row in the direction. At this time, it is preferable to arrange so that the mouth side 41a and the bottom side 41b of the sandbag 41 positioned above and below are stacked. By arranging the sandbags 41 in this way, it becomes easier to level the top edge of the sandbag 41 (leveling). It is preferable that the top of the sandbag 41 is leveled so that the sandbag 41 is rolled by a plate runner or the like each time the sandbag 41 is stacked one or more times, so that the filling material of the sandbag 41 becomes uniform. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the mouth side 41a in which the mouth of the sandbag bag of the sandbag 41 is located, and the bottom side 41b in which the bottom part of the sandbag bag is located are in contact with each other at the same stage adjacent sandbags 41. It is preferable to lay out like this. Moreover, it is preferable that a crusher or reclaimed crusher or the like is spread out as a plugging material in the gap between the sandbags 41 every time the sandbags 41 are stacked one by one. May be. By these, it becomes easier to level the top end of the sandbags 41 laid out side by side. In this embodiment, five stages of sandbags having a thickness of about 10 cm are stacked, but the number of stages of sandbags 41 is determined so that the height of the sandbag 41 exceeds the thickness of the bottom wall 11 of the concrete housing 10. . Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the sandbags 41 may be shifted from each other in the upper and lower stages and stacked in a staggered arrangement to form the underdrain 400. In this case, the lengths of the corner portions are different. A sandbag 410 is used. In this way, by loading the sandbags 41 in a staggered arrangement, the load due to the weight of the backfill soil 70 can be dispersed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a dam plate 52 such as a concrete panel is fixed on the base 30 by a support work 51 such as a pier, and a wooden frame 50 is installed on the front surface as a car entrance. These are removed after the concrete is hardened. Since the drainage groove 102 is provided in the front surface of the underground garage 10, the water flowing from the sandbag 40 by the sandbag is led to the drainage groove and drained.

  Next, as shown in FIG.1 (c), the bar arrangement process which performs bar arrangement with respect to the base | substrate 30 is performed. Using the base 30 as a reference, bar arrangement for forming the side wall 12 of the concrete frame 10 is performed. At this time, since the top of the sandbag 41 that has been piled up is rolled horizontally, it can be used as a good scaffold for the operator in the transportation and installation work of the reinforcing bars 60 used for reinforcement. Even if the ground surface is muddy due to rain or the like, the sandbag 41 filled with crushed stone or crusher orchid with good drainage is used, so that the feet do not become muddy at the top edge of the piled sandbag 41. In addition, a bar arrangement process may be performed before a culvert formation process, and these processes may be performed simultaneously.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2A, a bottom wall forming step is performed in which concrete is cast using the piled sandbags 41 as a mold to form the bottom wall 11 made of concrete. The piled sandbag 41 and the wooden formwork 50 are used as formwork, and concrete is cast. Since the sandbag 41 is filled with crushed stones and crusher orchids, the sandbag 41 is heavy and can withstand the lateral pressure generated when placing concrete. Moreover, since the top end of the piled sandbag 41 is leveled by rolling, it can be used as a good scaffold for workers placing concrete. After the concrete has hardened, the wooden formwork 50 is removed and removed, but the sandbag 41 is not removed, so the work of removing the formwork can be reduced. The bottom wall 11 of the concrete housing 10 is formed integrally with a culvert 40 using a sandbag.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a side wall forming step for forming a side wall 12 made of concrete continuous with the bottom wall 11 is performed using the reinforcing bar 60 that has been subjected to the bar arranging step. A wooden frame (not shown) for integrally forming the side wall 12 consisting of the left and right surfaces and the back surface by attaching a frame receiving bracket or the like to the reinforcing bar 60 and supporting a concrete panel or the like by the mold receiving bracket. ). Concrete is placed on this wooden formwork. After the concrete is hardened, the side wall 12 of the concrete frame 10 is formed by removing and removing the wooden frame.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), a backfilling process is performed to backfill the earth and sand 70 in the upper part of the underdrain 40 using a sandbag. The earth and sand excavated in the excavation process are backfilled outside the side wall 12 of the concrete frame 10. After the backfill soil 70 is backfilled, it is sufficiently rolled by a plate runner or the like to prevent volume shrinkage of the backfill soil 70 over time. Since the piled sandbags 41 are not damaged by rolling, sufficient rolling can be performed in the upper part where the underdrain 40 is formed. Finally, the top wall 13 of the concrete housing 10, the house main body 100 positioned on the concrete housing 10, and the like are constructed. Note that the backfilling process may be performed after the foundation of the house body 100 is formed.

  In addition, it is preferable that the concrete frame construction | assembly method provided with the said culvert further comprises the permeable nonwoven fabric fixing process of fixing the permeable nonwoven fabric 80 so that at least the upper part of the culvert 40 which piled up the sandbag 41 may be covered. The water-permeable nonwoven fabric fixing step is preferably performed after the underdrain forming step and before the bottom wall forming step. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the water-permeable nonwoven fabric 80 is fixed so that the upper part and outer part of the underdrain 40 using the sandbag 41 may be covered. As a result, it is possible to prevent fine earth and sand such as backfill earth and sand 70 deposited on the underdrain 40 using the sandbag 41 from entering the sandbag 41 and causing clogging, thereby further improving the drainage function. Can be held over time. In addition, when the particle | grains of the backfill earth and sand 70 are fine, the water-permeable nonwoven fabric 80 whose clearance gap is finer than the particle | grains of the backfill earth and sand 70 so that the backfill earth and sand 70 may not enter into the space | gap in the sandbag 41 from the clearance gap between sandbag bags. Is used.

  Note that, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), a culvert end face member 90 such as a net-like net or a lid is provided at the end of the culvert 40 using the sandbag 41 facing the drainage groove 102. It is preferable. The culvert end surface forming member 90 is provided for the purpose of aesthetic appearance because the end surface of the culvert 40 using the sandbag can be visually recognized from the drainage groove 102. The culvert end face forming member 90 is preferably provided after the culvert forming process and before the bottom wall forming process.

  Hereinafter, a concrete frame provided with a culvert using sandbags will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, the underground garage 10 which is an underground structure will be described as an example of the concrete frame 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the underground garage 10 has a drainage groove 102 at the end of the road 101 sandwiched between a road 101 provided at a position lower than the ground surface GL of the ground 20 on which the house body 100 is constructed, It was built with the front of the car doorway open. As shown in FIG. 6, the concrete frame 10 includes a bottom wall 11 made of concrete located below the ground surface GL, a side wall 12 made of concrete provided continuously from the bottom wall 11, and a number of A series of steps in which sandbags 41 are formed adjacent to each other are adjacent to the bottom wall 11 in which a plurality of steps are stacked, and the end portion of the culvert 40 faces the drainage groove 102 and extends upward on the upper end surface of the side wall 12. The top wall 13 is provided.

  The bottom wall 11 is located below the ground surface GL by a predetermined depth and is made of concrete having a predetermined thickness and has a substantially rectangular surface. On the lower surface, a horizontal base 30 made of discarded concrete having a thickness of about 5 cm is provided. A reinforcing bar 60 is arranged inside the bottom wall 11. The side wall 12 is provided continuously from the bottom wall 11 and is made of concrete. A reinforcing bar 60 is arranged inside the side wall 12 and is fastened to the reinforcing bar 60 in the bottom wall 11. On the other hand, the top wall 13 is provided on the upper end surface of the side wall 12 so as to continuously extend forward, and is made of concrete. A reinforcing bar 60 is arranged inside the top wall 13 and is fastened to the reinforcing bar 60 in the side wall 12.

  The underdrain 40 is adjacent to the left and right side surfaces and the back surface of the bottom wall 11, and is a concrete frame that is a basement garage in which a series of steps in which a number of sandbags 41 are formed adjacent to each other are stacked. It is provided in order to smoothly drain rainwater and groundwater flowing into both side surfaces and back surface of 10. Here, as the sandbag 41, what was disclosed by patent 3187804, for example can be used. However, the sandbag 41 is filled with crushed stone, crusher run or regenerated crush run.

  The sandbags 41 are stacked on the base 30 as a series of steps formed adjacent to each other, and are close to the U-shaped three sides of the base 30 other than the side located on the front surface facing the road 101. Since the underdrain 40 in which the sandbags are stacked faces the drainage groove 102 provided on the front surface of the underground garage 10, rainwater and groundwater flowing into both sides and the back of the underground garage 10 are drained by the underdrain 40. It is guided to 102 and drained. As shown in FIG. 4, the sandbag 41 has a mouth side 41 a where the mouth of the sandbag bag is located and a bottom side 41 b where the bottom of the sandbag bag is located at the adjacent sandbags 41 in the same step. It is preferable that they are stacked. Moreover, it is preferable that the gap between the sandbags 41 is clogged with a crusher run or a regenerated crusher run. It is preferable that the sandbags 41 are regularly arranged in a line in the thickness direction, and the mouth side 41a and the bottom side 41b of the sandbags 41 positioned above and below are stacked on each other. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5B, a culvert 400 in which sandbags 41 are stacked in a staggered arrangement while being shifted from each other in the upper and lower stages may be used. Thus, the sandbags 41 are stacked in a staggered arrangement, so that the load due to the backfill earth and sand 70 and the like can be dispersed. In addition, the stacking height of the sandbag 41 is higher than the thickness of the bottom wall 11 of the concrete frame 10. In addition, the backfill earth and sand 70 is backfilled and rolled outside the side wall 12 of the concrete frame 10.

  In addition, it is preferable that the concrete frame 10 provided with the said culvert 40 further comprises the water-permeable nonwoven fabric 80 which covers at least the upper part of the culvert 40 using the sandbag. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the water-permeable nonwoven fabric 80 has covered the upper part and outer side part of the underdrain 40 using the sandbag. As a result, it is possible to prevent fine earth and sand such as the backfill earth and sand 70 accumulated on the underdrain 40 using the sandbag from entering the sandbag 41 and causing clogging. Can be held over. In addition, when the particle | grains of the backfill earth and sand 70 are fine, the water-permeable nonwoven fabric 80 whose clearance gap is finer than the particle | grains of the backfill earth and sand 70 so that the backfill earth and sand 70 may not enter into the space | gap in the sandbag 41 from the clearance gap between sandbag bags. Is used.

  In addition, in the end part facing the drainage groove 102 of the underdrain 40 using the sandbag 41, as shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. Is preferably provided. The culvert end surface forming member 90 is provided for the purpose of aesthetic appearance because the end surface of the culvert 40 using the sandbag can be visually recognized from the drainage groove 102.

  In the concrete frame and its construction method, it can be applied to those that require underdrains.

It is a cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of the concrete frame provided with the underdrain concerning the Example of this invention along a construction order. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of the concrete frame provided with the culvert along the construction order following FIG. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the underground garage which is a concrete frame provided with the underdrain which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a top view which shows the state which the culvert formation process which constructs the concrete skeleton provided with the culvert shown in FIG.1 (b) was completed. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which completed the culvert formation process which constructs the concrete skeleton provided with the culvert shown in FIG.1 (b). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the concrete frame provided with the underdrain shown in FIG. It is a partial expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which covered the water-permeable nonwoven fabric in the culvert of the concrete skeleton provided with the culvert shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Concrete frame, underground garage 11 Bottom wall 12 Side wall 20 Ground 30 Base 40 Underlay using sandbag 41 Sandbag 60 Reinforcement 80 Permeable nonwoven fabric

Claims (1)

Excavation process of excavating the ground and forming a horizontal base at a predetermined depth;
A series of steps formed by adjoining a plurality of sandbags filled with crushed stone or crusher orchid are stacked on the base, and both ends of the steps are faced to the drainage grooves at predetermined intervals. A culvert forming step of forming a culvert and setting a mold so as to block between both ends of the culvert,
A bar arrangement process for performing bar arrangement at a location surrounded by the underlay and the formwork on the base ;
By placing concrete in a place surrounded by the underdrain and the formwork so as to include a part of the bar arrangement, after the concrete is hardened, only the formwork is removed and the bottom wall is removed. Forming a bottom wall,
A side wall forming step of forming a side wall made of concrete continuous with the bottom wall using the reinforcing bar;
The construction method of the concrete frame provided with the underdrain characterized by comprising.

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