JP3954153B2 - Cold forging wire rod and bar steel excellent in Cu age hardening and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Cold forging wire rod and bar steel excellent in Cu age hardening and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP3954153B2
JP3954153B2 JP11154197A JP11154197A JP3954153B2 JP 3954153 B2 JP3954153 B2 JP 3954153B2 JP 11154197 A JP11154197 A JP 11154197A JP 11154197 A JP11154197 A JP 11154197A JP 3954153 B2 JP3954153 B2 JP 3954153B2
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cold forging
bar
steel
wire rod
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JPH10306344A (en
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吾郎 阿南
豊文 長谷川
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、機械構造用自動車部品、特に自動車の足回りやステアリング等に用いられるボルトやナットの部品素材として有用な冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼、およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車の足回りやステアリング等に用いられるボルトやナットの部品素材を製造するに当たっては、従来ではS30C等の中炭素鋼を用い、製品の径に応じて線材や棒鋼とし、これを熱間鍛造し、その後焼入れ・焼戻しにて必要な部品強度を確保していた。しかしながら熱間鍛造では、部品の成形精度が悪くことから、時間のかかる切削加工を行う必要があり、歩留りも悪く、製品コストが上昇するという問題が指摘されていた。
【0003】
こうしたことから近年では、上記の様な部品は熱間鍛造によらず、線材や棒鋼から冷間鍛造によって製造されるのが一般的である。そして使用する素材鋼には、Cuによる析出時効硬化性(以下、「Cu時効硬化性」と呼ぶ)を利用して加工時には冷間鍛造が可能な程柔らかく、且つ一旦加工された後にはCu時効硬化性によって所定の部品強度が得られる材料特性が望まれている。
【0004】
例えば特公昭51−46732号には、こうした観点から開発された冷間加工用時効硬化性合金が開示されている。しかしながら、この技術では合金成分組成だけを規定するものであり、その組織については何ら規定されておらず、条件によっては線材や棒鋼に製造した際に、圧延ままでは圧延後の冷却過程でCuが析出してしまい、圧延後にCuを再固溶する為に800℃以上に加熱および急冷する必要が生じ、コスト高になるという問題がある。
【0005】
こうした問題を解決するという観点から、例えば特開平3−20406号や同2−197547号には、熱間圧延後低温で巻取ることや、冷却速度を高めることによってCuの析出を抑制する技術が開示されている。しかしながら、こうした技術は熱延鋼板を対象とした場合には有効であるが、熱延鋼板よりも肉厚が大きく冷却速度を熱延鋼板並みに上げることができない線材や棒鋼については有効な方法とは言えない。即ち、線材や棒鋼においては、上記の技術に開示されている程度に冷却速度を上げることが困難であるので、圧延後の冷却過程でCuが析出して硬化してしまい、冷間鍛造時に加工できないという問題が依然として生じる。一方、上記と同様の趣旨から、開平5−171275号においても、冷却速度を上げることによって、Cuの析出を抑制する技術について開示されているが、この技術で提示されている程度の冷却速度を線材や棒鋼で達成することは困難である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこの様な事情に着目してなされたものであって、その目的は、熱間圧延後の冷却速度が十分に確保することができない線材や棒鋼において、コストアップとなる圧延後の再固溶処理を行わずとも、Cu時効硬化性を有効に利用することのできる冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼、およびこの様な冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼を製造する為の有用な方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成し得た本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼とは、C:0.0001〜0.2%(質量%の意味:以下同じ),Mn:0.1〜3.0%、Cu:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、Ni:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、Si:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、P:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)、Al:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)およびN:0.050%以下(0%を含まない)を夫々含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避不純物からなる低炭素鋼であり、ASTM平均粒径:20μm以上のフェライトを50面積%以上含む組織からなる点に要旨を有するものである。また本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼には必要によって更に、(a)Cr:1.0%以下(0%を含まない),Nb:0.05%以下(0%を含まない),V:0.5%以下(0%を含まない),Ti:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)およびZr:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選択される1種以上、(b)B:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)、(c)Ca:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)、等を含有することも好ましい。
【0008】
また上記の様な冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼を製造するには、上記で規定する化学成分組成を有する鋼材を用いて圧延を施した後、少なくとも2秒後までは800℃以上の温度に保持する様にすれば良い。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決することのできる冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼を実現するべく、各種の鋼成分およびその組織について検討を重ねた。その結果、圧延後の冷却を一時抑制して圧延後のフェライト組織の粒径を大きくしてやれば、線材や棒鋼においても、圧延後の冷却過程でのCuの析出をほぼ抑えられることを見出し、本発明を完成した。本発明が完成された経緯を説明しつつ本発明の作用について説明する。
【0010】
本発明者らは、0.004%C−0.2%Si−1.2%Mn−1.0%Cu−0.7%Ni鋼を用い、圧延後2秒経過時(以下、「圧延2秒後」と呼ぶ)の鋼の温度を制御してフェライトの平均粒径を調整しつつ直径:18mmの線材を作成した。得られた線材を600℃×30分の条件で時効処理を行い、そのときの時効硬化量を測定した。このとき時効硬化量は、圧延後(時効処理前)の引張強度と時効処理後の引張強度の差(TS上昇量)によって評価した。
【0011】
図1は、圧延2秒後の鋼の温度とフェライトのASTM平均粒径(以下、「フェライト粒径」と呼ぶ)の関係を示したグラフである。また図2は、フェライト粒径とTS上昇量の関係を示したグラフである。尚ASTM平均粒径とは、100倍の写真上で1ンチ(25.4mm)平方中の結晶粒1個当たりの平均占有面積の平方根を意味する。
【0012】
これらの結果から、圧延2秒後の鋼の温度が高いほどフェライト粒径が大きくなり、またフェライト粒径が大きくなるほどTS上昇量が大きくなっていることがわかる。こうした結果が得られた原因については、次の様に考えることができた。即ち、圧延後の冷却をすぐに開始しないことによって、オーステナイトの回復・再結晶が十分に進行し、変態後の組織が比較的粒径の大きなフェライトを主体とした組織となってCuの析出サイトが激減し、圧延後に徐冷してもCuの析出が抑えられるからと考えられる。
【0013】
ところで自動車の足回りやステアリング等の部品として用いる場合には、TS上昇量は5kgf/mm2 以上必要となるが、その為にはフェライト粒径を20μm以上とする必要があることがわかる(図2)。尚上記図2の結果から明らかな様に、より十分な強度上昇(7kgf/mm2 以上)を得るという観点からすれば、フェライト粒径を30μm以上とするのが望ましい。
【0014】
また本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼は、上記した効果を得る為には、ASTM平均粒径が20μm以上のフェライト量(以下、これを「フェライト分率」と呼ぶことがある)が50面積%以上である必要がある。即ち、フェライト分率が50面積%未満になると、それだけパーライトやベイナイト等の組織が増することになって、これらの組織は大変細かく、フェライトよりも多くの析出サイトを有しているので、Cuが析出し易くなって、圧延後の冷却の際にCuの析出時効が進行してしまうことになる。
【0015】
本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼を製造するには、化学成分組成を適切に調整した鋼材を用いて圧延を施した後、少なくとも2秒後までは800℃以上の温度に保持する様にすれば良い。前述した様に、少なくとも2秒後までの鋼の温度が高い方がフェライト粒径が大きくなり、圧延ままでCuの析出時効が良好に達成される。そして、前記図1から明らかな様に、フェライト粒径を20μm以上にする為には、上記温度を800℃以上にすれば良いことがわかる。
【0016】
尚こうした高温保持処理を行った後は、通常の冷却速度で冷却すれば良く、線材・棒鋼工場における実操業における冷却速度は500℃以上では1〜20℃/秒程度、500℃未満以上では0.5〜15℃/秒程度である。但し、こうした冷却速度が得られにくい(即ち冷却速度が遅い)設備では、フェライト粒径をより大きくする様にその製造条件を調整するのが良い。こうした手段としては、例えば圧延終了温度を高くして圧延後のオーステナイト粒度を大きくする等がある。次に、本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼の化学成分組成について説明する。
【0017】
Mn:0.1〜3.0%
MnはSと結合してMnSを生成し、加工性を良好にするのに有効な元素であり、こうした効果を発揮させる為には、0.1%含有させなければならない。しかしながら過剰に含有させると、フェライト粒径が小さくなり易くなって、本発明の効果が得られにくくなるので、3.0%以下とする必要がある。尚、Mn含有量の好ましい上限は2.0%程度である。
【0018】
Cu:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)
上述した様に本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼は、Cuによる析出硬化作用を基本的に利用するものであるが、過剰に添加してもその効果が飽和するので、2.0%以下とする必要がある。またCuによる上記作用を発揮させる為には、0.2%以上含有させることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.5%以上とするのが良い。
【0019】
Ni:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)
NiはCu添加による割れ発生を緩和するのに必要な元素であり、その為にはCuと同量から7割程度含有させるのが良いが、2.0%を超えて過剰に添加しても高価になる。
【0020】
本発明で規定する必須構成元素は以上の通りであり、残部は基本的にはFeおよび不可避不純物からなる低炭素鋼であるが、この低炭素鋼のC含有量は下記の様に調整することが好ましい。また必要により下記の元素を適量添加しても良いが、これらの元素を添加するときの限定理由は下記の通りである。
【0021】
C:0.0001〜0.2%
Cは本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼の靭性を確保する為に有効な元素であり、0.0001%未満では粒界強度が低下して靭性が低下する。しかしながら、C量が過剰になると、上記した製造条件によってもフェライト分率が小さくなり、本発明の効果が発揮されない。また冷間鍛造性も悪くなる。こうした観点から、C含有量は、0.0001〜0.2%とするのが好ましく、より好ましい範囲は、0.0001〜0.05%程度である。
【0022】
Si:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)およびP:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)
SiおよびPは鋼を高強度化するのに有効な元素である。しかしながら、過剰に含有させると、圧造加重が高くなって冷間鍛造に適さなくなるので、Siで2.0%以下、Pで0.1%以下にするのが良い。
【0023】
Cr:1.0%以下(0%を含まない),Nb:0.05%以下(0%を含まない),V:0.5%以下(0%を含まない),Ti:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)およびZr:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選択
される1種以上
これらの元素は、鋼の強度を確保する効果を発揮する。しかしながら、過剰に含有させるとフェライトが細かくなり過ぎて、フェライト粒径を20μm以上とすることが困難になる。こうした観点から、夫々上記の範囲で含有させるのが良い。
【0024】
B:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)
Bも鋼の強度を確保するのに有効な元素である。しかしながら、過剰に含有させてもその効果が飽和するばかりか、コスト的にも不利になるので、その含有量は0.0050%以下とするのが良い。
【0025】
Ca:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)
Caは鋼の割れ感受性を緩和させる効果を発揮する。しかしながら、過剰に含有させてもその効果が飽和するばかりか、コスト的にも不利になるので、その含有量は0.0050%以下とするのが良い。
【0026】
Al:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)
Alは脱酸の為に添加される。しかしながら、過剰に含有させてもその効果が飽和するばかりか、コスト的にも不利になるので、その含有量は0.2%以下とするのが良い。
【0027】
N:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)
Nを添加すると歪時効による強度上昇を同時に得ることから有効な元素である。しかしながら、0.0050%を超えて過剰に含有させると、変形抵抗が高くなって冷間鍛造性が劣化する。
【0028】
尚本発明の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼においては、良好な冷間鍛造性を発揮させることを趣旨とするものであるが、こうした観点からすれば、不純物としてのSの含有量を0.01%以下に抑制することが好ましい。即ち、Sの含有量が0.01%を超えると、割れが発生し易くなって冷間鍛造に適さなくなる。
【0029】
以下本発明を実施例によって更に詳細に説明するが、下記実施例は本発明を限定する性質のものではなく、前・後記の趣旨に徴して設計変更することはいずれも本発明の技術的範囲に含まれるものである。
【0030】
【実施例】
下記表1,2に示す化学成分の供試鋼(No.1〜39)を用い、圧延終了後2秒後の温度を下記表3,4の様に調整しつつ線材や棒鋼を作成した。尚No.1〜35のものは、直径:13〜18mmの線材を作成したものであり、No.36〜39のものは、夫々No.1〜4と同じ化学成分の供試鋼を用いて、直径:25mmの棒鋼を作成したものである。
【0031】
得られた供試鋼について、40%の冷間鍛造を施した後、300×60分の条件で時効処理を実施し、時効硬化量(TS上昇量)を測定した。これらの結果を、フェライト分率、フェライト粒径、および冷間鍛造性と共に、下記表3,4に示す。尚冷間鍛造性の評価基準は下記の通りである。
〈冷間鍛造性〉
○:割れ限界歪80%未満または変形抵抗75kgf/mm2
×:割れ限界歪80%以上および変形抵抗75kgf/mm2 以下
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0003954153
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0003954153
【0034】
【表3】
Figure 0003954153
【0035】
【表4】
Figure 0003954153
【0036】
これらの結果から明らかな様に、本発明で規定する要件を満足する実施例のものは、TS上昇量が5kgf/mm2 以上確保できることがわかる。これに対し、本発明で規定する要件のいずれかを満足しない比較例のものでは、(1)TS上昇量を5kgf/mm2 以上確保できない、(2)冷間鍛造性が十分でない、の少なくともいずれかに該当する特性しか得られていない。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上の様に構成されており、熱間圧延後の冷却速度が十分に確保することができない線材や棒鋼において、コストアップとなる圧延後の再固溶処理を行わずとも、Cu析出硬化性を有効に利用することのできる冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼が得られた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】圧延2秒後の鋼の温度とフェライトのASTM平均粒径との関係を示したグラフである。
【図2】フェライト粒径とTS上昇量の関係を示したグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cold-forging wire rod / steel bar useful as a component material for bolts and nuts used for automobile structural parts, in particular, undercarriages and steering of automobiles, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In manufacturing parts for bolts and nuts used for automobile undercarriages and steering, etc., conventionally, medium carbon steel such as S30C is used, and wire or bar steel is used depending on the diameter of the product, and this is hot forged. After that, the necessary parts strength was secured by quenching and tempering. However, in hot forging, since the molding accuracy of parts is poor, it is necessary to perform time-consuming cutting, the yield is poor, and the product cost is raised.
[0003]
For these reasons, in recent years, the above-described parts are generally manufactured from a wire rod or steel bar by cold forging, not by hot forging. The material steel to be used is soft enough to allow cold forging during processing using the precipitation age hardenability by Cu (hereinafter referred to as “Cu age hardenability”). There is a demand for a material property that can provide a predetermined component strength by curability.
[0004]
For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 51-46732 discloses an age-hardenable alloy for cold working developed from such a viewpoint. However, in this technique, only the alloy component composition is specified, and the structure is not specified at all. Depending on the conditions, when manufactured into a wire rod or steel bar, Cu is not cooled during rolling after rolling. In order to re-dissolve Cu after rolling, it is necessary to heat and rapidly cool to 800 ° C. or higher, resulting in an increase in cost.
[0005]
From the viewpoint of solving these problems, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Hei 3-20406 and Hei 2-197547 have techniques for suppressing Cu precipitation by winding at a low temperature after hot rolling or increasing the cooling rate. It is disclosed. However, this technology is effective when used for hot-rolled steel sheets, but it is an effective method for wire rods and steel bars that are thicker than hot-rolled steel sheets and cannot increase the cooling rate as hot-rolled steel sheets. I can't say that. That is, in wire rods and steel bars, it is difficult to increase the cooling rate to the extent disclosed in the above technique, so Cu precipitates and hardens in the cooling process after rolling, and is processed during cold forging. The problem still is not possible. On the other hand, for the same purpose as described above, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-171275 discloses a technique for suppressing Cu precipitation by increasing the cooling rate. Is difficult to achieve with wire rods and steel bars.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such a situation, and the purpose of the present invention is to recycle after rolling, which increases costs in wire rods and steel bars that cannot sufficiently secure the cooling rate after hot rolling. Provided is a cold forging wire and bar that can effectively utilize Cu age-hardening properties without performing a solid solution treatment, and a useful method for producing such a cold forging wire and bar. There is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wire rod and steel bar for cold forging of the present invention that can achieve the above-mentioned objects are C: 0.0001 to 0.2% (meaning of mass%: the same applies hereinafter), Mn: 0.1 to 3.0% Cu: 2.0% or less (not including 0%), Ni: 2.0% or less (not including 0%), Si: 2.0% or less (not including 0%), P: 0.0. 1% or less (not including 0%), Al: 0.2% or less (not including 0%) and N: 0.050% or less (not including 0%), respectively, the balance being Fe and inevitable It is a low-carbon steel made of impurities and has a gist in that it has a structure containing 50% by area or more of ferrite having an ASTM average particle diameter of 20 μm or more. In addition, the cold forging wire and bar of the present invention may further include (a) Cr: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.05% or less (not including 0%), if necessary. V: 0.5% or less (not including 0%), Ti: 0.2% or less (not including 0%) and Zr: 0.2% or less (not including 0%) (B) B: 0.0050% or less (not including 0%), (c) Ca: 0.0050% or less (not including 0%), and the like are also preferable.
[0008]
Moreover, in order to manufacture the wire rod and steel bar for cold forging as described above, after rolling using the steel material having the chemical component composition defined above, the temperature is maintained at 800 ° C. or more until at least 2 seconds. You should do it.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inventors of the present invention have studied various steel components and their structures in order to realize a wire rod and steel bar for cold forging that can solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, it has been found that if the grain size of the ferrite structure after rolling is increased by temporarily suppressing the cooling after rolling, the precipitation of Cu in the cooling process after rolling can be substantially suppressed even in wire rods and steel bars. Completed the invention. The operation of the present invention will be described while explaining how the present invention was completed.
[0010]
The present inventors used 0.004% C-0.2% Si-1.2% Mn-1.0% Cu-0.7% Ni steel, and after 2 seconds from rolling (hereinafter referred to as "rolling" A wire rod having a diameter of 18 mm was prepared while adjusting the average particle diameter of the ferrite by controlling the temperature of the steel after 2 seconds). The obtained wire was subjected to an aging treatment at 600 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the amount of age hardening at that time was measured. At this time, the age hardening amount was evaluated by the difference between the tensile strength after rolling (before aging treatment) and the tensile strength after aging treatment (TS increase amount).
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of steel after 2 seconds of rolling and the ASTM average particle diameter of ferrite (hereinafter referred to as “ferrite particle diameter”). FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the ferrite grain size and the TS increase. The ASTM average grain size means the square root of the average occupied area per crystal grain in 1 inch (25.4 mm) square on a 100 times photograph.
[0012]
From these results, it can be seen that the ferrite grain size increases as the temperature of the steel after 2 seconds of rolling increases, and the TS increase increases as the ferrite grain size increases. The reason why such a result was obtained could be considered as follows. That is, by not immediately starting the cooling after rolling, the recovery and recrystallization of austenite proceeds sufficiently, and the structure after transformation becomes a structure mainly composed of ferrite having a relatively large grain size, and the Cu precipitation site. This is thought to be because the precipitation of Cu is suppressed even if it is gradually cooled after rolling.
[0013]
By the way, when it is used as a part of an automobile undercarriage or steering, the TS increase amount is required to be 5 kgf / mm 2 or more. For this purpose, it is understood that the ferrite grain size needs to be 20 μm or more (see FIG. 2). As is clear from the results of FIG. 2, it is desirable that the ferrite grain size be 30 μm or more from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient strength increase (7 kgf / mm 2 or more).
[0014]
Further, in order to obtain the above-described effects, the cold forging wire rod / steel bar of the present invention has a ferrite amount having an ASTM average particle diameter of 20 μm or more (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “ferrite fraction”) of 50. It must be at least area%. That is, when the ferrite fraction is less than 50 area%, the structure of pearlite, bainite and the like increases accordingly, and these structures are very fine and have more precipitation sites than ferrite. Is likely to precipitate, and Cu precipitation aging proceeds during cooling after rolling.
[0015]
In order to manufacture the cold forging wire rod and bar steel of the present invention, after rolling using a steel material having an appropriately adjusted chemical composition, the temperature is kept at 800 ° C. or more until at least 2 seconds later. Just do it. As described above, the higher the temperature of the steel until at least 2 seconds later, the larger the ferrite grain size, and the better the precipitation aging of Cu is achieved as it is rolled. As is clear from FIG. 1, it is understood that the temperature should be 800 ° C. or higher in order to make the ferrite grain size 20 μm or more.
[0016]
In addition, after performing such a high temperature holding process, it may be cooled at a normal cooling rate, and the cooling rate in the actual operation in the wire rod and bar factory is about 1 to 20 ° C./second at 500 ° C. or more, and 0 at less than 500 ° C. About 5 to 15 ° C./second. However, in such facilities where it is difficult to obtain a cooling rate (that is, the cooling rate is slow), it is preferable to adjust the manufacturing conditions so as to increase the ferrite grain size. As such means, for example, the rolling end temperature is increased to increase the austenite grain size after rolling. Next, the chemical component composition of the cold forging wire and bar of the present invention will be described.
[0017]
Mn: 0.1 to 3.0%
Mn combines with S to form MnS and is an effective element for improving workability. In order to exert such an effect, it must be contained by 0.1%. However, if it is contained excessively, the ferrite particle size tends to be small, and the effect of the present invention is hardly obtained, so it is necessary to make it 3.0% or less. In addition, the upper limit with preferable Mn content is about 2.0%.
[0018]
Cu: 2.0% or less (excluding 0%)
As described above, the wire rod and steel bar for cold forging of the present invention basically uses the precipitation hardening action by Cu, but even if added excessively, the effect is saturated, so 2.0% or less It is necessary to. Moreover, in order to exhibit the said effect | action by Cu, it is preferable to make it contain 0.2% or more, More preferably, it is good to set it as 0.5% or more.
[0019]
Ni: 2.0% or less (excluding 0%)
Ni is an element necessary to alleviate the occurrence of cracks due to the addition of Cu. For that purpose, Ni should be contained in the same amount as Cu to 70%, but even if added in excess of 2.0%. It becomes expensive.
[0020]
The essential constituent elements specified in the present invention are as described above, and the balance is basically a low carbon steel composed of Fe and inevitable impurities. The C content of this low carbon steel should be adjusted as follows. Is preferred. Further, if necessary, an appropriate amount of the following elements may be added, but the reasons for limitation when these elements are added are as follows.
[0021]
C: 0.0001 to 0.2%
C is an element effective for ensuring the toughness of the wire rod and bar for cold forging of the present invention. If it is less than 0.0001%, the grain boundary strength is lowered and the toughness is lowered. However, when the amount of C becomes excessive, the ferrite fraction becomes small even under the above-described manufacturing conditions, and the effect of the present invention is not exhibited. Moreover, cold forgeability also worsens. From such a viewpoint, the C content is preferably 0.0001 to 0.2%, and a more preferable range is about 0.0001 to 0.05%.
[0022]
Si: 2.0% or less (not including 0%) and P: 0.1% or less (not including 0%)
Si and P are effective elements for increasing the strength of steel. However, if excessively contained, the forging load becomes high and becomes unsuitable for cold forging. Therefore, it is preferable that Si is 2.0% or less and P is 0.1% or less.
[0023]
Cr: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.05% or less (not including 0%), V: 0.5% or less (not including 0%), Ti: 0.2 One or more elements selected from the group consisting of% or less (not including 0%) and Zr: 0.2% or less (not including 0%) exhibit the effect of ensuring the strength of the steel. However, if it is excessively contained, the ferrite becomes too fine, and it becomes difficult to make the ferrite grain size 20 μm or more. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable to contain them in the above ranges.
[0024]
B: 0.0050% or less (excluding 0%)
B is also an element effective for securing the strength of steel. However, even if contained excessively, not only the effect is saturated, but also the cost becomes disadvantageous, so the content is preferably 0.0050% or less.
[0025]
Ca: 0.0050% or less (excluding 0%)
Ca exhibits an effect of reducing the cracking susceptibility of steel. However, even if contained excessively, not only the effect is saturated, but also the cost becomes disadvantageous, so the content is preferably 0.0050% or less.
[0026]
Al: 0.2% or less (excluding 0%)
Al is added for deoxidation. However, even if it is excessively contained, not only the effect is saturated but also the cost becomes disadvantageous, so the content is preferably 0.2% or less.
[0027]
N: 0.0050% or less (excluding 0%)
The addition of N is an effective element because it simultaneously increases the strength due to strain aging. However, if the content exceeds 0.0050%, the deformation resistance increases and the cold forgeability deteriorates.
[0028]
The cold forging wire rod and steel bar of the present invention is intended to exhibit good cold forgeability. From this viewpoint, the content of S as an impurity is 0.01. % Or less is preferable. That is, if the S content exceeds 0.01%, cracks are likely to occur, making it unsuitable for cold forging.
[0029]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the following examples are not of a nature that limits the present invention, and any design changes in accordance with the gist of the preceding and following descriptions are all within the technical scope of the present invention. Is included.
[0030]
【Example】
Using test steels (Nos. 1 to 39) having chemical components shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, wires and bar steels were prepared while adjusting the temperature 2 seconds after the end of rolling as shown in Tables 3 and 4 below. No. Nos. 1 to 35 are prepared by creating a wire having a diameter of 13 to 18 mm. Nos. 36 to 39 are No. 1, respectively. A steel bar having a diameter of 25 mm was prepared using a test steel having the same chemical composition as 1 to 4.
[0031]
The obtained test steel was subjected to 40% cold forging and then subjected to an aging treatment under conditions of 300 × 60 minutes to measure the amount of age hardening (TS increase). These results are shown in the following Tables 3 and 4 together with the ferrite fraction, ferrite grain size, and cold forgeability. The evaluation criteria for cold forgeability are as follows.
<Cold forgeability>
○: Crack limit strain less than 80% or deformation resistance greater than 75 kgf / mm 2 ×: Crack limit strain greater than 80% and deformation resistance less than 75 kgf / mm 2
[Table 1]
Figure 0003954153
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003954153
[0034]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003954153
[0035]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003954153
[0036]
As is clear from these results, it can be seen that the examples satisfying the requirements defined in the present invention can secure a TS increase of 5 kgf / mm 2 or more. On the other hand, in the comparative example that does not satisfy any of the requirements defined in the present invention, (1) TS increase cannot be secured 5 kgf / mm 2 or more, (2) cold forgeability is not sufficient. Only the characteristics corresponding to either of them are obtained.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and the wire precipitation and the steel bar that cannot sufficiently secure the cooling rate after hot rolling, Cu precipitation without performing re-solution treatment after rolling, which increases costs. A wire rod and steel bar for cold forging that can effectively use the hardenability were obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of steel after 2 seconds of rolling and the ASTM average grain size of ferrite.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between ferrite grain size and TS increase.

Claims (5)

C:0.0001〜0.2%(質量%の意味:以下同じ),Mn:0.1〜3.0%、Cu:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、Ni:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、Si:2.0%以下(0%を含まない)、P:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)、Al:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)およびN:0.050%以下(0%を含まない)を夫々含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避不純物からなる低炭素鋼であり、ASTM平均粒径:20μm以上のフェライトを50面積%以上含む組織からなることを特徴とするCu時効硬化性に優れた冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼C: 0.0001 to 0.2% (meaning of mass%: the same shall apply hereinafter), Mn: 0.1 to 3.0%, Cu: 2.0% or less (not including 0%), Ni: 2. 0% or less (not including 0%), Si: 2.0% or less (not including 0%), P: 0.1% or less (not including 0%), Al: 0.2% or less (0 %) And N: 0.050% or less (excluding 0%), respectively, the balance being low-carbon steel made of Fe and inevitable impurities, and having an ASTM average grain size of 50 μm or more of ferrite of 50 μm or more. A wire rod and bar for cold forging excellent in Cu age hardenability, characterized by comprising a structure containing area% or more. 更に、Cr:1.0%以下(0%を含まない),Nb:0.05%以下(0%を含まない),V:0.5%以下(0%を含まない),Ti:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)およびZr:0.2%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選択される1種以上を含有するものである請求項1に記載の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼Furthermore, Cr: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.05% or less (not including 0%), V: 0.5% or less (not including 0%), Ti: 0 The cold according to claim 1, which contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 2% or less (not including 0%) and Zr: 0.2% or less (not including 0%). Wire rods and steel bars for forging. 更に、B:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)を含有するものである請求項1または2に記載の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼Furthermore, the wire rod and bar for cold forging according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising B: 0.0050% or less (not including 0%). 更に、Ca:0.0050%以下(0%を含まない)を含有するものである請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼Furthermore, Ca: 0.0050% or less (excluding 0%) is contained, The wire rod and bar for cold forging in any one of Claims 1-3. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化学成分組成を有する鋼材を用いて圧延を施した後、少なくとも2秒後までは800℃以上の温度に保持して請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼を製造することを特徴とするCu時効硬化性に優れた冷間鍛造用線材・棒鋼の製造方法。  After rolling using the steel material which has a chemical component composition in any one of Claims 1-4, it hold | maintains at the temperature of 800 degreeC or more until at least 2 second, and in any one of Claims 1-4 The manufacturing method of the wire for bar for cold forging excellent in Cu age hardenability characterized by manufacturing the wire for bar for cold forging, and a bar steel of description.
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