JP3946191B2 - Refrigeration apparatus and control method of refrigeration apparatus - Google Patents

Refrigeration apparatus and control method of refrigeration apparatus Download PDF

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JP3946191B2
JP3946191B2 JP2003427025A JP2003427025A JP3946191B2 JP 3946191 B2 JP3946191 B2 JP 3946191B2 JP 2003427025 A JP2003427025 A JP 2003427025A JP 2003427025 A JP2003427025 A JP 2003427025A JP 3946191 B2 JP3946191 B2 JP 3946191B2
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pipe
temperature
compressor
refrigerant
bypass pipe
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JP2005188771A (en
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孝 金子
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003427025A priority Critical patent/JP3946191B2/en
Priority to KR10-2004-0053091A priority patent/KR100539593B1/en
Priority to CNB200410063856XA priority patent/CN1313782C/en
Priority to EP04254258A priority patent/EP1548379B1/en
Priority to DE602004009027T priority patent/DE602004009027T2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/06—Damage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2101—Temperatures in a bypass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2105—Oil temperatures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、複数の低圧シェル式圧縮機の間で均油が行われる冷凍装置及び冷凍装置の制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus in which oil equalization is performed between a plurality of low-pressure shell compressors and a control method for the refrigeration apparatus.

例えば、空気調和機には、複数の室内機に対処できるよう、１台の室外機に複数の圧縮機を備える、いわゆるマルチ形のものがある。
この種空気調和機の室外機に配備される複数の圧縮機としては、可変容量形のものや、それら互いの圧縮機のシェル同士の間で互いにシェル容量が異なっている場合がある。このとき、圧縮機が均油管で連通されていると、高圧側の圧縮機のシェルから低圧側の圧縮機のシェルへオイルが移動してしまう現象が起こる。このとき、圧縮機のシェル内では、貯留オイルが回転部品によって攪拌され、ミスト状の形で存在するため、オイル量が均油管接続口位置よりたとえ下がったとしても、オイルがミスト状の形で移動し続けることとなり、結局、高圧側の圧縮機がオイル不足になる問題がある。 For example, there is a so-called multi-type air conditioner in which a single outdoor unit is provided with a plurality of compressors so as to cope with a plurality of indoor units.
The plurality of compressors provided in the outdoor unit of this type of air conditioner may be of a variable capacity type, or the shell capacities may be different between the shells of the compressors. At this time, if the compressor is communicated with an oil equalizing pipe, a phenomenon occurs in which oil moves from the shell of the high-pressure side compressor to the shell of the low-pressure side compressor. At this time, in the compressor shell, the stored oil is agitated by the rotating parts and exists in the form of a mist, so even if the amount of oil falls below the oil leveling pipe connection position, the oil is in the form of a mist. As a result, the compressor on the high-pressure side will run out of oil.

このようなオイルミストの移動を防止するものとして、複数の圧縮機のシェルを、均油管を介して互いに連通し、かつ、均油管を圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管とバイパス管によって接続したものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平０４−２２２３５４号公報 （第３−５頁、第１図） In order to prevent such movement of oil mist, the shells of a plurality of compressors communicate with each other via an oil equalizing pipe, and the oil equalizing pipe is connected by a refrigerant pipe and a bypass pipe on the discharge side of the compressor. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 04-222354 A (page 3-5, FIG. 1)

上記公報に記載された冷凍装置に備えられた均油システムについて簡単に説明すると、冷媒回路中には、複数の圧縮機が互いに並列となるよう、吐出側の冷媒配管と吸込側の冷媒配管にそれぞれ接続されている。それら圧縮機のシェルは、隣り合うもの同士が均油管を介して互いに連通されている。圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管は前記均油管に、開閉弁を介装されたバイパス管によって接続されている。   Briefly describing the oil leveling system provided in the refrigeration apparatus described in the above publication, in the refrigerant circuit, a refrigerant pipe on the discharge side and a refrigerant pipe on the suction side are arranged so that a plurality of compressors are arranged in parallel with each other. Each is connected. Adjacent ones of the compressor shells communicate with each other via an oil equalizing pipe. A refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor is connected to the oil equalizing pipe by a bypass pipe provided with an open / close valve.

この均油システムによれば、通常の冷暖房運転中は、開閉弁を開とし、バイパス管を介して高圧冷媒ガスを均油管に流入させる。これにより、均油管を介した各圧縮機のシェル間のオイルミストの移動を防止し、高圧側の圧縮機のオイル量不足を防止している。
また、長時間運転により、各圧縮機のシェル間のオイル量に偏りが発生した場合には、開閉弁を閉じた状態で複数の圧縮機のうち１台のみの運転を順次行う、いわゆる均油運転を行い、各圧縮機の余剰オイルを均油管を介して順次移動させ、各圧縮機のシェル内のオイル量を適正値に復帰させるようにしている。 According to this oil leveling system, during normal air conditioning operation, the on-off valve is opened, and the high-pressure refrigerant gas flows into the oil leveling pipe via the bypass pipe. Thereby, the movement of the oil mist between the shells of the compressors via the oil equalizing pipe is prevented, and the shortage of the oil amount of the compressor on the high pressure side is prevented.
In addition, when the oil amount between the shells of each compressor is uneven due to long time operation, only one of the plurality of compressors is sequentially operated with the on-off valve closed. The operation is performed, and the surplus oil of each compressor is sequentially moved through the oil equalizing pipe so that the oil amount in the shell of each compressor is returned to an appropriate value.

しかしながら、上記した従来の冷凍装置では、通常の冷暖房運転中に開閉弁が故障等により閉じたままとなると均油管に高圧冷媒ガスが流入せず、均油管に高圧冷媒ガスが流入していない状態で圧縮機の運転を続けていると高圧側の圧縮機内のオイルミストが均油管を通って他方の圧縮機内に移動し、高圧側の圧縮機はオイル量不足により故障する場合があるという問題が存在する。つまり、圧縮機と比べて安価な開閉弁の故障により高価な圧縮機が破損することとなり、開閉弁だけの交換であれば安価且つ容易に行うことができるが、圧縮機を交換するとなると相当の費用と手間がかかることになる。   However, in the above-described conventional refrigeration apparatus, when the on-off valve remains closed due to a failure or the like during normal air conditioning operation, the high pressure refrigerant gas does not flow into the oil equalizing pipe and the high pressure refrigerant gas does not flow into the oil equalizing pipe If the compressor continues to operate, the oil mist in the high-pressure side compressor moves through the oil equalizing pipe into the other compressor, and the high-pressure side compressor may break down due to insufficient oil. Exists. In other words, an expensive compressor is damaged due to a failure of an on-off valve that is cheaper than a compressor, and if only the on-off valve is replaced, it can be carried out inexpensively and easily. It will be expensive and time consuming.

本発明は、上記した従来の問題が考慮されたものであり、開閉弁の故障等した場合等、均油管に高圧冷媒が流入していないことを逸早く検知し、オイルミスト移動を防止して、圧縮機の破損を防止することができる冷凍装置及び冷凍装置の制御方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention takes into account the above-described conventional problems, such as when an on-off valve malfunctions, etc., quickly detecting that high-pressure refrigerant has not flowed into the oil equalizing pipe, preventing oil mist movement, An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus and a refrigeration apparatus control method capable of preventing the compressor from being damaged.

請求項１記載の発明は、冷媒回路中に互いに並列に接続されている複数の圧縮機と、該複数の圧縮機の各シェル間を接続する均油管と、前記圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管と前記均油管とを接続するバイパス管と、該バイパス管に介装されている開閉弁とが備えられている冷凍装置において、前記開閉弁と前記均油管との間に位置する前記バイパス管には、該バイパス管自体或いは該バイパス管内部の温度を検出する第１の温度センサが設けられ、前記吐出側の冷媒配管には、該冷媒配管内の温度を検出する第２の温度センサが設けられ、前記第１の温度センサによって検出されるバイパス管内温度が、前記第２の温度センサによって検出される冷媒管内温度から所定値を引いた温度よりも低い場合に、前記圧縮機の運転が停止されることを特徴としている。 The invention according to claim 1 is a plurality of compressors connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit, an oil equalizing pipe connecting between the shells of the plurality of compressors, and a refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor And a bypass pipe connecting the oil leveling pipe, and an on-off valve interposed in the bypass pipe, the bypass pipe located between the on-off valve and the oil leveling pipe Is provided with a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the bypass pipe itself or the inside of the bypass pipe , and the discharge side refrigerant pipe is provided with a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the refrigerant pipe. And the operation of the compressor is stopped when the temperature in the bypass pipe detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the temperature in the refrigerant pipe detected by the second temperature sensor. characterized in that it is It is.

請求項２記載の発明は、冷媒回路中に互いに並列に接続されている複数の圧縮機と、該複数の圧縮機の各シェル間を接続する均油管と、前記圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管と前記均油管とを接続するバイパス管と、該バイパス管に介装されている開閉弁とが備えられている冷凍装置の制御方法において、前記圧縮機を駆動させて冷媒を前記冷媒回路中に循環させるとともに、前記圧縮機から吐出された高圧の前記冷媒を前記冷媒配管から前記バイパス管内に流入させ、該開閉弁と前記均油管との間に位置する前記バイパス管自体或いは該バイパス管内部の温度を検出し、且つ、前記吐出側の冷媒配管内の温度を検出し、前記バイパス管内の温度が吐出側の前記冷媒管内の温度から所定値を引いた温度よりも低い場合は前記圧縮機の運転を停止することを特徴としている。 The invention according to claim 2 is a plurality of compressors connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit, an oil equalizing pipe connecting between the shells of the plurality of compressors, and a refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor In the control method of a refrigeration apparatus provided with a bypass pipe connecting the oil equalizing pipe and an on-off valve interposed in the bypass pipe, the compressor is driven to bring the refrigerant into the refrigerant circuit While circulating, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows into the bypass pipe from the refrigerant pipe, and the bypass pipe itself located between the on-off valve and the oil equalizing pipe or inside the bypass pipe When the temperature is detected and the temperature in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side is detected, and the temperature in the bypass pipe is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the temperature in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side, the compressor Stop driving It is characterized by a door.

本発明に係る冷凍装置によれば、開閉弁と均油管との間に位置するバイパス管には、バイパス管自体或いはバイパス管内の温度を検出する温度センサが設けられているため、圧縮機から吐出され冷媒配管からバイパス管に流入した高圧の冷媒が、開閉弁を通過して均油管に流入していると、温度センサによって検出される温度は高温となり、バイパス管に流入した高圧の冷媒が開閉弁を通過していないと、温度センサによって検出される温度は常温（低温）となり、これによって、高圧の冷媒が、開閉弁を通過して均油管に流入している確認することができ、オイルミストの移動を確実に防止し、オイル量不足による圧縮機の破損を防止することができる。   According to the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention, the bypass pipe located between the on-off valve and the oil equalizing pipe is provided with a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the bypass pipe itself or in the bypass pipe. If the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe from the refrigerant pipe passes through the on-off valve and flows into the oil equalizing pipe, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor becomes high, and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe opens and closes. If it does not pass through the valve, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor will be normal temperature (low temperature), so that it can be confirmed that the high-pressure refrigerant has passed through the on-off valve and flows into the oil equalizing pipe. The mist can be reliably prevented from moving, and the compressor can be prevented from being damaged due to insufficient oil amount.

また、本発明に係る冷凍装置の制御方法によれば、圧縮機を駆動させて冷媒を冷媒回路中に循環させるとともに、圧縮機から吐出された高圧の冷媒を冷媒配管からバイパス管内に流入させ、開閉弁と均油管との間に位置するバイパス管自体或いはバイパス管内部の温度を検出し、バイパス管内温度が圧縮機から吐出された冷媒温度から所定値を引いた温度よりも低い場合は圧縮機の運転を停止するため、開閉弁の故障等により高圧の冷媒が開閉弁を通過していない場合は、圧縮機の運転は停止され、オイルミストの移動を防止してオイル量不足による圧縮機の破損を防止することができる。   Further, according to the control method of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention, the compressor is driven to circulate the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, and the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor is caused to flow into the bypass pipe from the refrigerant pipe, If the temperature of the bypass pipe itself or the bypass pipe located between the on-off valve and the oil equalizing pipe is detected and the temperature in the bypass pipe is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the refrigerant temperature discharged from the compressor, the compressor In order to stop the operation of the compressor, if the high-pressure refrigerant does not pass through the on-off valve due to a failure of the on-off valve, the operation of the compressor is stopped to prevent the oil mist from moving and Breakage can be prevented.

以下、本発明に係る冷凍装置及び冷凍装置の制御方法の実施の形態について、図面に基いて説明する。   Embodiments of a refrigeration apparatus and a refrigeration apparatus control method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は空気調和機である冷凍装置１の冷媒回路２を表す回路図である。図１に示すように、冷媒回路２中には、低圧シェル式の第１，第２の圧縮機３，４と、第１の熱交換器５と、膨張弁６と、第２の熱交換器７とが順次介装されている。２台の圧縮機３，４は互いに並列となるよう、吐出配管８と吸込配管９にそれぞれ接続されている。吐出配管８及び吸込配管９の一端は四方弁１０を介して冷媒回路２に接続されており、吐出配管８及び吸込配管９の他端は２つに分岐されて第１，第２の圧縮機３，４にそれぞれ接続されている。   FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant circuit 2 of a refrigeration apparatus 1 that is an air conditioner. As shown in FIG. 1, in the refrigerant circuit 2, low-pressure shell-type first and second compressors 3, 4, a first heat exchanger 5, an expansion valve 6, and a second heat exchange. A container 7 is sequentially inserted. The two compressors 3 and 4 are respectively connected to the discharge pipe 8 and the suction pipe 9 so as to be parallel to each other. One end of the discharge pipe 8 and the suction pipe 9 is connected to the refrigerant circuit 2 via the four-way valve 10, and the other end of the discharge pipe 8 and the suction pipe 9 is branched into two to provide the first and second compressors. 3 and 4 are connected to each other.

第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の間には第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の各シェル間を接続する均油管１１が配管されており、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェル同士は、均油管１１を介して互いに連通されている。均油管１１は第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェルの側面下部に接続されており、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェル内のオイルは均油管１１を通って第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェルの間を互いに行き来され、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェル内は均油される。   Between the first and second compressors 3 and 4, an oil equalizing pipe 11 is connected to connect the shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4, and the first and second compressors are connected. The three and four shells communicate with each other through an oil equalizing pipe 11. The oil leveling pipe 11 is connected to the lower part of the side surfaces of the shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4, and the oil in the shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 passes through the oil leveling pipe 11 to the first level. The shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 are moved back and forth, and the inside of the shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 is leveled.

第２の圧縮機４に接続された吐出配管８と均油管１１との間には、吐出配管８と均油管１１とを接続するバイパス管１２が配管されており、吐出配管８と均油管１１とは、バイパス管１２を介して連通されている。バイパス管１２は吐出配管８や均油管１１に比べて径が小さい管で構成されており、バイパス管１２の中間には、電磁弁や電動弁等の開閉弁１３が介装されている。開閉弁１３は開閉されてバイパス管１２内を流通する冷媒ガスを調節するものであり、開閉弁１３が閉じられていると冷媒ガスは開閉弁１３を通過されず、開閉弁１３が開けられていると冷媒ガスは開閉弁１３を通過される。   Between the discharge pipe 8 connected to the second compressor 4 and the oil leveling pipe 11, a bypass pipe 12 connecting the discharge pipe 8 and the oil leveling pipe 11 is provided, and the discharge pipe 8 and the oil leveling pipe 11 are connected. Is communicated via the bypass pipe 12. The bypass pipe 12 is configured by a pipe having a smaller diameter than the discharge pipe 8 and the oil equalizing pipe 11, and an on-off valve 13 such as an electromagnetic valve or an electric valve is interposed in the middle of the bypass pipe 12. The on-off valve 13 adjusts the refrigerant gas that is opened and closed and flows through the bypass pipe 12. When the on-off valve 13 is closed, the refrigerant gas does not pass through the on-off valve 13 and the on-off valve 13 is opened. If so, the refrigerant gas passes through the on-off valve 13.

また、バイパス管１２の中間には、バイパス管１２内の温度を検出する熱電対（サーモカップル）やサーミスタ、放射温度計、側温抵抗体等からなる第１の温度センサ１４が設けられている。第１の温度センサ１４は、開閉弁１３と均油管１１との間に位置するバイパス管１２に設けられており、開閉弁１３と均油管１１との間に位置するバイパス管１２に冷媒ガスが流通していないときは、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出される温度は常温となり、冷媒ガスが流通しているときは、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出される温度は高温となる。常温は、外気温と同程度であり、通常、０〜３５℃程度である。また、高温は、冷媒ガスの温度と同程度であり、通常、６０℃〜１３０℃程度である。   Further, in the middle of the bypass pipe 12, a first temperature sensor 14 including a thermocouple (thermocouple) for detecting the temperature in the bypass pipe 12, a thermistor, a radiation thermometer, a side temperature resistor, and the like is provided. . The first temperature sensor 14 is provided in a bypass pipe 12 positioned between the on-off valve 13 and the oil leveling pipe 11, and refrigerant gas is supplied to the bypass pipe 12 positioned between the on-off valve 13 and the oil leveling pipe 11. When the refrigerant is not circulating, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 14 is a normal temperature, and when the refrigerant gas is circulating, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 14 is a high temperature. The normal temperature is about the same as the outside temperature, and is usually about 0 to 35 ° C. Moreover, high temperature is comparable as the temperature of refrigerant gas, and is about 60 degreeC-130 degreeC normally.

また、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４にそれぞれ接続されて合流されている吐出配管８には吐出配管８内の温度を検出する第２の温度センサ１５が設けられている。第２の温度センサ１５は第１の温度センサ１４と同様のものからなっている。また、冷凍装置１には、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の駆動を制御する制御装置１６が備えられており、制御装置１６は冷凍装置１を操作する操作盤１７に電気的に接続されている。操作盤１７には、図示せぬタッチパネルが形成されており、このタッチパネルを操作することで、冷凍装置１は冷暖房運転、均油運転、運転停止が行われる。   A discharge pipe 8 connected to and joined to the first and second compressors 3 and 4 is provided with a second temperature sensor 15 for detecting the temperature in the discharge pipe 8. The second temperature sensor 15 is similar to the first temperature sensor 14. In addition, the refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a control device 16 that controls driving of the first and second compressors 3 and 4. The control device 16 is electrically connected to an operation panel 17 that operates the refrigeration apparatus 1. It is connected. A touch panel (not shown) is formed on the operation panel 17, and by operating this touch panel, the refrigeration apparatus 1 performs an air conditioning operation, an oil equalizing operation, and an operation stop.

また、第１，第２の温度センサ１４，１５及び第１，第２の圧縮機３，４はそれぞれ制御装置１６に電気的に接続されており、第１，第２の温度センサ１４，１５によって検出された温度の情報は制御装置１６に伝達され、この情報を受けた制御装置１６によって第１，第２の圧縮機３，４は制御される。具体的には、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出されたバイパス管内温度Ｔが、第２の温度センサ１５で検出された冷媒温度Ｔ０から所定値Ａを引いた温度よりも低い場合、制御装置１６から第１，第２の圧縮機３，４に停止信号が送られ第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の駆動が停止されるとともに、制御装置１６から操作盤１７にエラー信号が送られエラー表示が行われる。なお、上記した所定値Ａとは、高圧冷媒ガスが流通する過程で熱損失によって低下する温度や誤差を考慮したものであり、その値は例えば１０℃程度であり、所定値Ａは０℃〜２０℃である。 The first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 and the first and second compressors 3 and 4 are electrically connected to the control device 16, respectively. Is transmitted to the control device 16, and the first and second compressors 3 and 4 are controlled by the control device 16 which has received this information. Specifically, when the temperature T in the bypass pipe detected by the first temperature sensor 14 is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting the predetermined value A from the refrigerant temperature T 0 detected by the second temperature sensor 15, the control device 16 sends a stop signal to the first and second compressors 3 and 4 to stop driving the first and second compressors 3 and 4, and sends an error signal from the control device 16 to the operation panel 17. Error display. The above-mentioned predetermined value A takes into consideration the temperature and error that decrease due to heat loss in the process of circulating the high-pressure refrigerant gas, and the value is, for example, about 10 ° C., and the predetermined value A is 0 ° C. to 20 ° C.

次に、上記した冷凍装置１の使用方法及び制御方法について説明する。   Next, the usage method and control method of the above-described refrigeration apparatus 1 will be described.

まず、冷暖房運転について説明する。操作盤１７のタッチパネルを操作して第１，第２の圧縮機３，４をそれぞれ駆動させ、冷媒回路２に冷媒を循環移動させる。このとき、開閉弁１３は開けられており、第２の圧縮機４から吐出管８に吐出された高圧冷媒ガスは、バイパス管１２に流入してバイパス管１２内を実線矢印方向に流通し、開閉弁１３を通過してバイパス管１２内から均油管１１内に流入する。均油管１１内に流入した高圧冷媒ガスは、均油管１１内を実線矢印方向に流通し、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェル内にそれぞれ流入する。これによって、均油管１１内は高圧となり、低圧の第１，第２の圧縮機３，４のシェル内部に発生するオイルミストが均油管１１内に流入すること（オイルミスト移動）を防止できる。   First, the air conditioning operation will be described. The touch panel of the operation panel 17 is operated to drive the first and second compressors 3 and 4, respectively, and the refrigerant is circulated through the refrigerant circuit 2. At this time, the on-off valve 13 is opened, and the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the second compressor 4 to the discharge pipe 8 flows into the bypass pipe 12 and flows through the bypass pipe 12 in the direction of the solid arrow. It passes through the on-off valve 13 and flows into the oil equalizing pipe 11 from the bypass pipe 12. The high-pressure refrigerant gas that has flowed into the oil equalizing pipe 11 circulates in the oil equalizing pipe 11 in the direction of the solid arrow, and flows into the shells of the first and second compressors 3 and 4, respectively. As a result, the oil leveling pipe 11 has a high pressure, and oil mist generated in the shells of the low pressure first and second compressors 3 and 4 can be prevented from flowing into the oil leveling pipe 11 (oil mist movement).

また、冷暖房運転中、開閉弁１３が適正に開けられた状態にあることを確認し、冷凍装置１の運転を制御する。具体的には、図２に示すように、第１の温度センサ１４で、開閉弁１３と均油管１１との間に位置するバイパス管１２内の温度Ｔを検出する。また、第２の温度センサ１５で、吐出管８内の温度を測定し、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４から吐出された高圧冷媒ガスの温度Ｔ０を検出する。そして、これらの温度Ｔ，Ｔ０の情報を制御装置１６に伝達し、バイパス管１２内の温度Ｔが高圧冷媒ガスの温度Ｔ０から所定値Ａを引いた温度よりも低い場合は、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４をそれぞれ停止させる。バイパス管１２内の温度Ｔが高圧冷媒ガスの温度Ｔ０から所定値Ａを引いた温度よりも高い場合は、そのまま第１，第２の圧縮機３，４を駆動し続けて冷暖房運転を行う。 Further, during the cooling / heating operation, it is confirmed that the on-off valve 13 is properly opened, and the operation of the refrigeration apparatus 1 is controlled. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first temperature sensor 14 detects the temperature T in the bypass pipe 12 positioned between the on-off valve 13 and the oil equalizing pipe 11. The second temperature sensor 15 measures the temperature in the discharge pipe 8 and detects the temperature T 0 of the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the first and second compressors 3 and 4. Then, the information on these temperatures T and T 0 is transmitted to the control device 16, and when the temperature T in the bypass pipe 12 is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting the predetermined value A from the temperature T 0 of the high-pressure refrigerant gas, the first The second compressors 3 and 4 are stopped. When the temperature T in the bypass pipe 12 is higher than the temperature obtained by subtracting the predetermined value A from the temperature T 0 of the high-pressure refrigerant gas, the first and second compressors 3 and 4 are continuously driven to perform the air conditioning operation. .

次に、均油運転について説明する。まず、開閉弁１３を閉塞させるとともに第２の圧縮機４を停止させた状態で、第１の圧縮機３を駆動させる。第１の圧縮機３が駆動すると、第１の圧縮機３のシェル内は低圧となり、第１の圧縮機３のシェル内にある余剰オイルは均油管１１を通って第２の圧縮機４のシェル内に移動する。次に、開閉弁１３を閉塞させたままの状態で、第１の圧縮機３を停止させるとともに第２の圧縮機４を駆動させる。第２の圧縮機４が駆動すると、第２の圧縮機４のシェル内は低圧となり、第２の圧縮機４のシェル内にある余剰オイルは均油管１１を通って第１の圧縮機３のシェル内に移動する。このように、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４を交互に駆動させることで、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の各シェル内のオイル量は均一になる。   Next, the oil leveling operation will be described. First, the first compressor 3 is driven with the on-off valve 13 closed and the second compressor 4 stopped. When the first compressor 3 is driven, the pressure in the shell of the first compressor 3 becomes low, and surplus oil in the shell of the first compressor 3 passes through the oil equalizing pipe 11 and the second compressor 4. Move into the shell. Next, the first compressor 3 is stopped and the second compressor 4 is driven while the on-off valve 13 is closed. When the second compressor 4 is driven, the inside of the shell of the second compressor 4 becomes a low pressure, and surplus oil in the shell of the second compressor 4 passes through the oil equalizing pipe 11 and the first compressor 3. Move into the shell. Thus, by alternately driving the first and second compressors 3 and 4, the amount of oil in each shell of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 becomes uniform.

上記した冷凍装置１によれば、開閉弁１３と均油管１１との間に位置するバイパス管１２には、バイパス管１２内の温度を検出する第１の温度センサ１４が設けられているため、第２の圧縮機４から吐出され吐出配管８からバイパス管１２に流入した高圧冷媒ガスが、開閉弁１３を通過して均油管１１に流入していると、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出される温度Ｔは高温となり、バイパス管１２に流入した高圧冷媒ガスが開閉弁１３を通過していないと、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出される温度Ｔは常温（低温）となる。これによって、高圧冷媒ガスが、開閉弁１３を通過して均油管１１に流入している確認することができ、オイルミストの移動を確実に防止し、オイル量不足による第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の破損を防止することができる。   According to the refrigeration apparatus 1 described above, the bypass pipe 12 positioned between the on-off valve 13 and the oil equalizing pipe 11 is provided with the first temperature sensor 14 that detects the temperature in the bypass pipe 12. When the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the second compressor 4 and flowing into the bypass pipe 12 from the discharge pipe 8 passes through the on-off valve 13 and flows into the oil equalizing pipe 11, it is detected by the first temperature sensor 14. If the high-pressure refrigerant gas that has flowed into the bypass pipe 12 does not pass through the on-off valve 13, the temperature T detected by the first temperature sensor 14 is normal temperature (low temperature). As a result, it can be confirmed that the high-pressure refrigerant gas passes through the on-off valve 13 and flows into the oil equalizing pipe 11, and the movement of the oil mist is reliably prevented, and the first and second compressions due to insufficient oil amount. Damage to the machines 3 and 4 can be prevented.

また、吐出配管８には第２の温度センサ１５が設けられているため、第１の温度センサ１４によって検出される温度Ｔと、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４から吐出された高圧冷媒ガスの温度Ｔ０を比較することができ、開閉弁１３が適正に開ききってなく、適正量の高圧冷媒ガスが通過していない場合でも検知することができる。 Further, since the discharge pipe 8 is provided with the second temperature sensor 15, the temperature T detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the high pressure discharged from the first and second compressors 3 and 4. The temperature T 0 of the refrigerant gas can be compared, and even when the on-off valve 13 is not properly opened and an appropriate amount of the high-pressure refrigerant gas has not passed, it can be detected.

また、上記した冷凍装置１の制御方法によれば、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４を駆動させて冷媒を冷媒回路２中に循環させるとともに、第２の圧縮機４から吐出された高圧冷媒ガスを吐出配管８からバイパス管１２内に流入させ、開閉弁１３と均油管１１との間に位置するバイパス管１２内部の温度Ｔを検出し、バイパス管１２内温度Ｔが第１，第２の圧縮機３，４から吐出された高圧冷媒ガスの温度Ｔ０から所定値Ａを引いた温度よりも低い場合は第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の運転を停止するため、開閉弁１３の故障等により高圧冷媒ガスが開閉弁１３を通過していない場合は、第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の運転は停止され、オイルミストの移動を防止してオイル量不足による第１，第２の圧縮機３，４の破損を防止することができる。 Further, according to the control method of the refrigeration apparatus 1 described above, the first and second compressors 3 and 4 are driven to circulate the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 2 and are discharged from the second compressor 4. A high-pressure refrigerant gas is caused to flow into the bypass pipe 12 from the discharge pipe 8, and the temperature T inside the bypass pipe 12 located between the on-off valve 13 and the oil equalizing pipe 11 is detected. When the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the second compressors 3 and 4 is lower than the temperature T 0 minus the predetermined value A, the operation of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 is stopped. When the high-pressure refrigerant gas does not pass through the on-off valve 13 due to a failure of the on-off valve 13, the operation of the first and second compressors 3 and 4 is stopped to prevent the oil mist from moving and the amount of oil is insufficient. Can prevent the first and second compressors 3 and 4 from being damaged.

以上、本発明に係る冷凍装置及び冷凍装置の制御方法の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明は上記した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。例えば、上記した実施の形態では、第１の温度センサ１４によってバイパス管１２内の温度を検出しているが、本発明は、バイパス管１２自体の温度を検出してその温度からバイパス管１２内の温度を推定し、バイパス管１２内に高温の冷媒ガスが流通しているか確認してもよい。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of the control method of the freezing apparatus and freezing apparatus concerning this invention was described, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, it can change suitably. is there. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the temperature in the bypass pipe 12 is detected by the first temperature sensor 14, but the present invention detects the temperature of the bypass pipe 12 itself and determines the temperature in the bypass pipe 12 from that temperature. It is also possible to estimate whether or not a high-temperature refrigerant gas is circulating in the bypass pipe 12.

また、上記した実施の形態では、冷凍装置１に２台の圧縮機３，４が設けられているが、本発明は、圧縮機が３台以上設けられている場合でもよい。また、上記した実施の形態では、空気調和機である冷凍装置１について説明をしたが、本発明は冷蔵庫や冷凍庫、その他の冷凍装置であってよい。   Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the two compressors 3 and 4 are provided in the refrigerating apparatus 1, the case where three or more compressors are provided may be sufficient as this invention. Moreover, although the above-mentioned embodiment demonstrated the refrigeration apparatus 1 which is an air conditioner, this invention may be a refrigerator, a freezer, and another refrigeration apparatus.

本発明に係る冷凍装置の実施の形態を表す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram showing embodiment of the freezing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る冷凍装置の制御手段の実施の形態を表すフローチェート図である。It is a flow chart showing an embodiment of control means of a refrigerating device according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 冷凍装置
２ 冷媒回路
３ 第１の圧縮機（圧縮機）
４ 第２の圧縮機（圧縮機）
８ 吐出配管（吐出側の冷媒配管）
１１ 均油管
１２ バイパス管
１３ 開閉弁
１４ 第１の温度センサ（温度センサ）

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerating device 2 Refrigerant circuit 3 1st compressor (compressor)
4 Second compressor (compressor)
8 Discharge piping (refrigerant piping on the discharge side)
11 Oil Leveling Pipe 12 Bypass Pipe 13 On-off Valve 14 First Temperature Sensor (Temperature Sensor)

Claims (2)

冷媒回路中に互いに並列に接続されている複数の圧縮機と、該複数の圧縮機の各シェル間を接続する均油管と、前記圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管と前記均油管とを接続するバイパス管と、該バイパス管に介装されている開閉弁とが備えられている冷凍装置において、
前記開閉弁と前記均油管との間に位置する前記バイパス管には、該バイパス管自体或いは該バイパス管内部の温度を検出する第１の温度センサが設けられ、
前記吐出側の冷媒配管には、該冷媒配管内の温度を検出する第２の温度センサが設けられ、
前記第１の温度センサによって検出されるバイパス管内温度が、前記第２の温度センサによって検出される冷媒管内温度から所定値を引いた温度よりも低い場合に、前記圧縮機の運転が停止されることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 A plurality of compressors connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit, an oil equalizing pipe connecting between the shells of the plurality of compressors, and a refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor and the oil equalizing pipe are connected. In a refrigeration apparatus comprising a bypass pipe and an on-off valve interposed in the bypass pipe,
The bypass pipe located between the on-off valve and the oil equalizing pipe is provided with a first temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the bypass pipe itself or the bypass pipe ,
The discharge side refrigerant pipe is provided with a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the refrigerant pipe,
The operation of the compressor is stopped when the temperature in the bypass pipe detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the temperature in the refrigerant pipe detected by the second temperature sensor. A refrigeration apparatus characterized by that. 冷媒回路中に互いに並列に接続されている複数の圧縮機と、該複数の圧縮機の各シェル間を接続する均油管と、前記圧縮機の吐出側の冷媒配管と前記均油管とを接続するバイパス管と、該バイパス管に介装されている開閉弁とが備えられている冷凍装置の制御方法において、
前記圧縮機を駆動させて冷媒を前記冷媒回路中に循環させるとともに、前記圧縮機から吐出された高圧の前記冷媒を前記冷媒配管から前記バイパス管内に流入させ、
該開閉弁と前記均油管との間に位置する前記バイパス管自体或いは該バイパス管内部の温度を検出し、且つ、吐出側の前記冷媒配管内の温度を検出し、
前記バイパス管内の温度が吐出側の前記冷媒管内の温度から所定値を引いた温度よりも低い場合は前記圧縮機の運転を停止することを特徴とする冷凍装置の制御方法。 A plurality of compressors connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit, an oil equalizing pipe connecting between the shells of the plurality of compressors, and a refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor and the oil equalizing pipe are connected. In a control method of a refrigeration apparatus provided with a bypass pipe and an on-off valve interposed in the bypass pipe,
Driving the compressor to circulate the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, and causing the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to flow into the bypass pipe from the refrigerant pipe,
Detecting the temperature of the bypass pipe itself or the bypass pipe located between the on-off valve and the oil equalizing pipe, and detecting the temperature in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side;
A control method for a refrigerating apparatus, wherein the operation of the compressor is stopped when the temperature in the bypass pipe is lower than the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the temperature in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side .
JP2003427025A 2003-12-24 2003-12-24 Refrigeration apparatus and control method of refrigeration apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3946191B2 (en)

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CNB200410063856XA CN1313782C (en) 2003-12-24 2004-07-13 Refrigerating apparatus and control method thereof
EP04254258A EP1548379B1 (en) 2003-12-24 2004-07-15 Refrigerating apparatus and control method thereof
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