JP3937940B2 - Cr-containing steel with excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature salt resistance - Google Patents

Cr-containing steel with excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature salt resistance Download PDF

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JP3937940B2
JP3937940B2 JP2002175997A JP2002175997A JP3937940B2 JP 3937940 B2 JP3937940 B2 JP 3937940B2 JP 2002175997 A JP2002175997 A JP 2002175997A JP 2002175997 A JP2002175997 A JP 2002175997A JP 3937940 B2 JP3937940 B2 JP 3937940B2
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JP2004018950A (en
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淳 宮崎
研治 高尾
修 古君
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、自動車やオートバイの排気管、触媒外筒材および火力発電プラントの排気ダクトあるいは燃料電池関連部材等の高温環境下で使用される部材に供して好適な、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば、自動車やオートバイの排気管、マフラーおよびモール材、あるいは発電プラントの排気ダクト、ガソリンタンク、燃料パイプおよび固体高分子型燃料電池のセパレーター、さらにはガソリンあるいはアルコール系燃料から水素を取り出す装置(改質機)の部品などにおいては、その素材として、室温から高温までの幅広い温度域において、優れた耐食性と耐熱性が必要とされ、しかも複雑な形状に成形されること、 また成形に用いる金型の劣化および摩耗軽減のために、室温において低い降伏応力を示すことが求められている。
従来、自動車の排気管やマフラー、または燃料電池関連の部品等にはCr含有鋼が用いられるか、あるいはCr含有鋼の適用が検討されている。 特に優れた耐食性が必要とされる用途には、CrおよびMoの含有量を増加した合金が使用されたり、その使用が検討されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、CrやMoの含有量を増加すると、特に室温における降伏応力の上昇を招くことから、材料を製品に加工する際の加工性が悪化したり、あるいは加工時の金型の消耗が激しくなる、という問題が生じた。
【0004】
そこで、発明者らは、Cr含有鋼板の耐食性および室温での降伏応力について、合金の主成分や含有成分、特にMoの鋼中における状態を詳細に検討した結果、以下に示す重要な知見を得るに到った。
【0005】
まず、Cr−Mo系の鋼において、強度上昇に寄与するMoを多量に含有させると、成分系によっては、再結晶焼鈍後もMoラーベス相(Fe2Mタイプの金属間化合物)が多量に析出していることが判明した。すなわち、CrおよびMoを基本成分として、この基本成分に、CおよびNとの親和力が強く炭窒化物を形成して加工性の向上に寄与する、NbおよびTiを個別に添加した各成分系に関して、Moの含有量を増加した場合の室温での降伏応力YSを調査した。その結果を図1に示す。 同図においてΔYSとは、 Mo無添加の場合を基準として、 Moを含有させた際のYSの増加分を表す。
同図に示したように、Moの含有量が1mass%未満では、Nb添加鋼とTi添加鋼との間に相違はないが、Moの含有量が1mass%以上になると、特にNb添加鋼においてラーベス相の析出による強度の上昇が顕著になる。
【0006】
このMoラーベス相は、(Fe, Cr)2(Mo,Nb)としてFeの一部がCrに、 またNbの一部がMoに置換されたものである。従って、このMoラーベス相が析出していることは、耐食性および高温強度の向上に有効な母相の固溶Moおよび固溶Crの減少を意味し、室温および高温の耐食性ならびに高温強度の劣化を招く原因となる。
なお、 図1中の括弧内の数値は孔食電位(mV)を示し、 また、 図1中*印を記したものは、抽出残査X線回折による分析結果からMoラーベス相の析出が認められたことを意味する。従って、Nb含有鋼においては、 Moが 1.3mass%以上となると、同量のMoを含有するTi含有鋼に比べて固溶Moが減少して、 耐食性が劣るものと考えられる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この発明は、上記の実状に鑑み開発されたもので、固溶Moや固溶Crの減少を招き易いNbの添加なしに、高温における耐食性を有利に改善した、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼を提案することを目的とする。
【0008】
ここに、耐高温酸化性とは、排ガス温度が 900℃を超えるような高温における耐酸化性のことであり、最近のエンジン性能の向上に伴い特にその要請が強くなった特性である。
すなわち、エンジン性能をより向上させるためには、排ガス温度の一層の上昇が避けられないが、排ガス温度が 900℃から1000℃のような高温にまで上昇した場合には、現行の材料ではいずれも異常酸化が生じて、実使用に耐え得ないという問題が生じたのである。
ここに、異常酸化とは、材料が高温の排ガスに曝された場合に、Fe酸化物が生成し、このFe酸化物は酸化速度が異常に速いことから、酸化が急激に進行し、素材がぼろぼろになる現象をいう。
【0009】
また、上記したように排ガス温度が高くなると、高温での塩害に対する抵抗性すなわち耐高温塩害性も重要となる。
ここに、高温塩害とは、特に寒冷地において路面に散布された路面凍結阻止剤中の塩分や海岸地方における海水の塩分が排気パイプ等に付着したのち、高温に加熱された場合の腐食のことであり、このような腐食で板厚が減少していく。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手投】
さて、発明者らは、上記の目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、固溶Moや固溶Crの減少を招くことなしに炭窒化物を形成して加工性を改善する元素としてはTiやZr,Vが有利であること、また耐高温酸化性の向上には、Wの添加特にMoとWとを複合添加することが有利であること、さらに耐高温塩害性の向上には、Al,Siの添加が有効であるとの知見を得た。
この発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものである。
【0011】
すなわち、この発明の要旨構成は次のとおりである。
1.質量%で、
C:0.02%以下、
Si:2.0 %以下、
Mn:2.0 %以下、
Cr:6.0 〜40.0%、
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %、
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下、
Al:0.1 %超、7.0 %以下および
N:0.02%以下
を含み、かつ
Ti:0.05〜0.2 %、
Zr:0.05〜0.2 %および
V:0.05〜0.2 %
のうちから選んだ一種または二種以上を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
【0012】
2.上記1において、MoおよびWの合計量が、質量%で
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
を満足することを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
【0013】
3.上記1または2において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ni:2.0 %以下、
Cu:1.0 %以下、
Co:1.0 %以下および
Ca:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
【0014】
4.上記1,2または3において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
B:0.01%以下、
Mg:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明において、鋼の成分組成を上記の範囲に限定した理由について説明する。なお、成分に関する「%」表示は特に断らない限り質量%を意味するものとする。
C:0.02%以下
Cは、靱性や加工性を劣化させるので、その混入は極力低減することが好ましい。この観点から、この発明ではC量を0.02%以下に限定した。より好ましくは 0.008%以下である。
【0017】
Si:2.0 %以下
Siは、耐高温塩害性の向上に有効に寄与するので、この観点からは 0.5%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかしながら、含有量が 2.0%を超えると室温での強度が増大し、加工性を低下させるので、上限を 2.0%とした。なお、後述するAlの添加によって耐高温塩害性の向上を図った場合には、加工性の面ではSi量はむしろ低減した方が好ましいので、この場合にはSi量は 0.5%以下とすることが好ましい。
【0018】
Mn:2.0 %以下
Mnは、脱酸剤として有効に寄与するが、過剰の添加はMnSを形成して耐食性を低下させるので、2.0 %以下に限定した。より好ましくは 1.0%以下である。なお、耐スケール剥離性の観点からは、Mn量は高いほど好ましくいので、この観点からは 0.3%以上含有させることが好ましい。
【0019】
Cr:6.0 〜40.0%
Crは、耐食性および耐酸化性を向上させる基本元素であるが、多量に添加すると鋼材の脆化が著しくなるので、上限を40.0%とした。一方、この発明では、Wの添加によって耐酸化性や耐食性の改善を図っているとはいえ、Cr含有量が 6.0%に満たないと耐食性の低下が著しいので、下限を 6.0%とした。より好ましくは 9.5〜30.0%、さらに好ましくは10〜16%である。
【0020】
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %
Moは、高温強度のみならず、耐酸化性および耐食性の向上に有効に寄与するので、この発明では 1.0%以上含有させるものとした。しかしながら、含有量があまりに多くなると室温での強度が増大して加工性が低下するので、5.0 %を上限とした。より好ましくは 1.8〜2.5 %の範囲である。
【0021】
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下
Wは、この発明において特に重要な元素である。すなわち、上記したMoを添加したCr含有鋼に、Wを複合含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性の著しい向上を図ることができる。また、高温強度の向上にも有効に寄与する。しかしながら、W量が 2.0%以下ではその添加効果に乏しく、一方 5.0%を超えて多量に含有させるとコストの上昇を招くので、Wは 2.0%超、5.0 %以下の範囲で含有させるものとした。より好ましくは 3.0〜3.5 %の範囲である。
【0022】
図2に、 14%Cr−0.1%Si−1.5%Al−0.3%Ti−1.8%Mo鋼をベースに、Wを種々の割合で添加した時の耐高温酸化性について調べた結果を示す。
耐高温酸化性試験は、1050℃の大気雰囲気中に 100時間保持し、この試験後の試験片の重量変化で評価した。試験後の重量変化が 10 mg/cm2以下であれば耐高温酸化性に優れているといえる。
同図に示したとおり、Wを 2.0%超含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性は格段に向上する。
【0023】
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
上述したとおり、MoとWとを複合含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性の著しい向上を図ることができる。そのためには、これら元素の合計量は 4.3%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは 4.7%以上である。
【0024】
Al:0.1 %超、7.0 %以下
Alは、耐高温塩害性の向上に有効に寄与するので、この発明では必須元素として 0.1%超の範囲で含有させるものとした。しかしながら、含有量が 7.0%を超えると鋼材の脆化が著しくなるので、Alの上限は 7.0%とした。
【0025】
N:0.02%以下
Nも、Cと同様、靱性や加工性を劣化させるので、その混入は極力低減することが好ましい。この観点から、この発明ではN量を0.02%以下に限定した。より好ましくは 0.008%以下である。
【0026】
Ti:0.05〜0.2 %、Zr:0.05〜0.2 %およびV:0.05〜0.2 %のうちから選んだ一種または二種以上
Ti,ZrおよびVはいずれも、CやNを固定して耐粒界腐食性を向上させる有用元素であるがで、含有量がそれぞれ0.05%に満たないとその添加効果に乏しく、一方含有量がそれぞれ 0.2 を超えると、鋼材の脆化を招くので、いずれも0.05〜0.2 %の範囲で含有させるものとした。
【0027】
以上、基本成分について説明したが、この発明ではその他にも、以下に述べる元素を適宜含有させることができる。
Ni:2.0 %以下、Cu:1.0 %以下、Co:1.0 %以下およびCa:0.01%以下のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種
Ni,Cu,CoおよびCaはいずれも、靱性の改善に有用な元素であり、それぞれNi:2.0 %以下、Cu:1.0 %以下、Co:1.0 %以下、Ca:0.01%以下で含有させるものとした。特にCaは、Tiが含有された場合、連続鋳造時のノズル詰まりの防止にも有効に寄与する。なお、これらの元素の効果を十分に発揮させるためには、それぞれNi:0.5 %以上、Cu:0.05%以上、Co:0.03%以上、Ca:0.0005%以上の範囲で含有させることが好ましい。
【0028】
B:0.01%以下、Mg:0.01%以下のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種
BおよびMgいずれも、2次加工脆性の改善に有効に寄与するが、含有量が0.01%を超えると室温での強度が増して延性の低下を招くので、それぞれ0.01%以下で含有させるものとした。より好ましくはB:0.0003%以上、Mg:0.0003%以上である。
【0029】
その他、REM は、耐酸化性の向上に有効に寄与するので 0.1%以下で含有させることもできる。より好ましくは 0.002%以上である。なお、この発明において REMとは、ランタノイド系元素およびYを意味する。
【0030】
次に、この発明鋼の好適製造方法について説明する。この発明鋼の製造条件はとくに限定されるものではなく、Cr含有鋼の一般的な製造方法を好適に利用できる。
例えば、上記した適正組成範囲に調整した溶鋼を、転炉、 電気炉等の溶製炉、さらには取鍋精錬、 真空精錬等の精錬を利用して溶製したのち、連続鋳造法または造塊−分塊法でスラブとしたのち、 熱間圧延、熱延板焼鈍、酸洗、冷間圧延、仕上げ焼鈍、酸洗の各工程を順次に経て、冷延焼鈍板とするのが好ましい。 また、冷間圧延は、1回または中間焼鈍を含む2回以上の冷間圧延としてもよい。冷間圧延、仕上げ焼鈍、酸洗の工程は繰り返しってもよい。なお、場合によっては熱延板焼鈍は省略してもよい。さらに、光沢性が要求される場合には、スキンパス等を施すことが有利である。
【0031】
【実施例】
表1に示す成分組成になる50kg鋼塊を作製し、 これらの鋼塊を1100℃に加熱後、 熱間圧延により5mm厚の熱延板とした。 ついで、これらの熱延板に対し、熱延板焼鈍(焼鈍温度:1000℃)−酸洗−冷間圧延(冷延圧下率:60%)−仕上げ焼鈍(焼鈍温度:1000℃)−酸洗を順次施して、2mm厚の冷延焼鈍板とした。
かくして得られた冷延焼鈍板の耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性について調べた結果を、表2に示す。
【0032】
なお、各特性は次のようにして評価した。
(1) 耐高温酸化性
各冷延焼鈍板から、試験片(2mm厚×20mm幅×30mm長さ)を各2本ずつ採取し、これらの試験片を、1050℃の大気雰囲気中に 100時間保持した。試験前後における各試験片の重量を測定し、試験前後の重量変化を算出して、2本の平均値を求めた。この重量変化が 10 mg/cm2以下であれば耐高温酸化性に優れているといえる。
(2) 耐高温塩害性
各冷延焼鈍板から、試験片(2mm厚×20mm幅×30mm長さ)を各2本ずつ採取し、5%食塩水に1時間浸漬したのち、700 ℃の大気雰囲気中で23時間加熱し、5分冷却する工程を1サイクルとし、10サイクル後の重量変化を測定し、その平均値を求めた。この重量変化が小さいほど耐高温塩害性に優れており、この発明では、重量変化量Δwが40(mg/cm2)以上の場合を×、30≦Δw<40(mg/cm2)の場合を○、20≦Δw<30(mg/cm2)の場合を◎、Δw<20(mg/cm2)の場合を☆と評価した。
【0033】
【表1】

Figure 0003937940
【0034】
【表2】
Figure 0003937940
【0035】
表2から明らかなように、この発明に従う鋼板はいずれも、優れた耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性が得られている。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
かくして、この発明によれば、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼を安定して得ることができる。
従って、この発明によれば、エンジン性能の向上により、排ガス温度が 900℃を超えるような自動車関連用途においては言うまでもなく、燃料電池関連用途や発電プラント関連用途においても、それに耐え得る排気系部材を安定して供給することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 Mo含有量と降伏応力の増加分(ΔYS)との関係を示すグラフである。
【図2】 14%Cr−0.1%Si−1.5%Al−0.3%Ti−1.8%Mo鋼をベースに、Wを種々の割合で添加した時の耐高温酸化性について調べた結果を示したグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature resistance suitable for use in members used in high-temperature environments such as automobile and motorcycle exhaust pipes, catalyst outer cylinders, exhaust ducts of thermal power plants, and fuel cell-related members. The present invention relates to a Cr-containing steel having excellent salt damage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, exhaust pipes for automobiles and motorcycles, mufflers and molding materials, exhaust ducts for power plants, gasoline tanks, fuel pipes, separators for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, and devices for extracting hydrogen from gasoline or alcohol-based fuels (modified) Parts, etc.) must have excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance in a wide temperature range from room temperature to high temperature, and must be molded into a complicated shape. In order to reduce deterioration and wear, it is required to exhibit a low yield stress at room temperature.
Conventionally, Cr-containing steel has been used for automobile exhaust pipes, mufflers, fuel cell-related parts, etc., or application of Cr-containing steel has been studied. For applications that require particularly excellent corrosion resistance, alloys with increased Cr and Mo contents are used, and their use is being investigated.
[0003]
However, increasing the Cr and Mo content leads to an increase in yield stress, especially at room temperature, so the workability when processing materials into products deteriorates or the consumption of molds during processing increases. The problem that occurred.
[0004]
Therefore, the inventors obtained the following important findings as a result of detailed examination of the main component and content of the alloy, particularly the state of Mo in the steel, with respect to the corrosion resistance of the Cr-containing steel sheet and the yield stress at room temperature. I reached.
[0005]
First, if a large amount of Mo, which contributes to strength increase, is contained in Cr-Mo steel, depending on the component system, a large amount of Mo Laves phase (Fe 2 M type intermetallic compound) will precipitate even after recrystallization annealing. Turned out to be. That is, with Cr and Mo as basic components, each component system with Nb and Ti added individually, which has a strong affinity for C and N and contributes to improvement of workability by forming carbonitrides. The yield stress YS at room temperature when Mo content was increased was investigated. The result is shown in FIG. In the figure, ΔYS represents an increase in YS when Mo is contained with reference to the case where Mo is not added.
As shown in the figure, when the Mo content is less than 1 mass%, there is no difference between the Nb-added steel and the Ti-added steel. However, when the Mo content is 1 mass% or more, especially in the Nb-added steel. The increase in strength due to the precipitation of Laves phase becomes remarkable.
[0006]
This Mo Laves phase has (Fe, Cr) 2 (Mo, Nb) in which part of Fe is replaced with Cr and part of Nb is replaced with Mo. Therefore, the precipitation of the Mo Laves phase means a decrease in the solid solution Mo and solute Cr, which are effective for improving the corrosion resistance and high temperature strength, and the deterioration of the room temperature and high temperature corrosion resistance and the high temperature strength. Cause incurring.
The numbers in parentheses in Fig. 1 indicate the pitting corrosion potential (mV). In Fig. 1, those marked with an asterisk (*) indicate the precipitation of Mo Laves phase from the analysis results by extraction residual X-ray diffraction. Means that Therefore, in the Nb-containing steel, when the Mo content is 1.3 mass% or more, it is considered that the solute Mo is reduced compared to the Ti-containing steel containing the same amount of Mo, and the corrosion resistance is inferior.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has improved high-temperature corrosion resistance and high-temperature salt resistance without the addition of Nb, which tends to cause a decrease in solute Mo and solute Cr. The purpose is to propose Cr-containing steel with excellent properties.
[0008]
Here, high-temperature oxidation resistance refers to oxidation resistance at high temperatures where the exhaust gas temperature exceeds 900 ° C., and is a characteristic that has become particularly demanded with recent improvements in engine performance.
In other words, in order to further improve engine performance, a further increase in exhaust gas temperature is inevitable, but when the exhaust gas temperature rises from 900 ° C to a high temperature such as 1000 ° C, all current materials The abnormal oxidation occurred and the problem that it could not withstand actual use occurred.
Here, abnormal oxidation means that when a material is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas, Fe oxide is generated, and since the oxidation rate of this Fe oxide is abnormally fast, the oxidation proceeds rapidly, and the material It is a phenomenon that becomes shabby.
[0009]
Further, as described above, when the exhaust gas temperature becomes high, resistance to salt damage at high temperature, that is, resistance to high temperature salt damage becomes important.
Here, high-temperature salt damage refers to corrosion when heated to high temperatures after the salt content in road surface freezing inhibitors sprayed on the road surface in cold regions or the salt content of seawater in the coastal area adheres to exhaust pipes, etc. And the plate thickness decreases due to such corrosion.
[0010]
[Hand throws to solve problems]
Now, as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the inventors have formed carbonitride without causing a decrease in solute Mo or solute Cr, and as an element that improves workability Ti, Zr, and V are advantageous, and in order to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance, it is advantageous to add W, especially in combination with Mo and W. Furthermore, to improve high-temperature salt damage resistance, It was found that the addition of Al and Si is effective.
The present invention is based on the above findings.
[0011]
That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. % By mass
C: 0.02% or less,
Si: 2.0% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less,
Cr: 6.0-40.0%,
Mo: 1.0-5.0%,
W: Over 2.0%, up to 5.0%,
Al: more than 0.1%, 7.0% or less and N: 0.02% or less, and
Ti: 0.05-0.2%
Zr: 0.05-0.2% and V: 0.05-0.2%
A Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized in that it contains one or more selected from among them, and the balance is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities.
[0012]
2. In the above 1, the total amount of Mo and W is (Mo + W) ≧ 4.3% in mass%.
Cr-containing steel with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance.
[0013]
3. In the above 1 or 2, the steel is further in mass%.
Ni: 2.0% or less,
Cu: 1.0% or less,
Co: 1.0% or less and
Ca: Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized by having a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
[0014]
4). In the above 1, 2 or 3, the steel further has a mass% of B: 0.01% or less,
Mg: Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized by having a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the reason why the component composition of steel is limited to the above range in this invention will be described. Unless otherwise specified, “%” in relation to ingredients means mass%.
C: 0.02% or less Since C deteriorates toughness and workability, its mixing is preferably reduced as much as possible. From this viewpoint, in the present invention, the C content is limited to 0.02% or less. More preferably, it is 0.008% or less.
[0017]
Si: 2.0% or less
Since Si contributes effectively to the improvement of high temperature salt damage resistance, it is preferable to contain 0.5% or more from this viewpoint. However, if the content exceeds 2.0%, the strength at room temperature increases and the workability decreases, so the upper limit was made 2.0%. In addition, when the high temperature salt damage resistance is improved by adding Al, which will be described later, it is preferable to reduce the Si content in terms of workability. In this case, the Si content should be 0.5% or less. Is preferred.
[0018]
Mn: 2.0% or less
Mn contributes effectively as a deoxidizer, but excessive addition reduces the corrosion resistance by forming MnS, so it was limited to 2.0% or less. More preferably, it is 1.0% or less. In addition, from the viewpoint of scale peel resistance, the higher the amount of Mn, the better. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to contain 0.3% or more.
[0019]
Cr: 6.0 to 40.0%
Cr is a basic element that improves corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, but if added in a large amount, the steel material becomes extremely brittle, so the upper limit was made 40.0%. On the other hand, in this invention, although the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance are improved by the addition of W, the lowering of the corrosion resistance is significant when the Cr content is less than 6.0%, so the lower limit was set to 6.0%. More preferably, it is 9.5-30.0%, More preferably, it is 10-16%.
[0020]
Mo: 1.0-5.0%
Mo effectively contributes not only to high-temperature strength but also to improvement of oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, in the present invention, Mo is included in an amount of 1.0% or more. However, if the content is too high, the strength at room temperature increases and the workability decreases, so 5.0% was made the upper limit. More preferably, it is 1.8 to 2.5% of range.
[0021]
W: more than 2.0% and 5.0% or less W is an especially important element in the present invention. That is, the high temperature oxidation resistance can be remarkably improved by adding W to the Cr-containing steel to which Mo is added. It also contributes effectively to the improvement of high temperature strength. However, if the amount of W is 2.0% or less, the effect of addition is poor. On the other hand, if it contains more than 5.0%, the cost increases. Therefore, W should be contained in the range of more than 2.0% and 5.0% or less. . More preferably, it is 3.0 to 3.5% of range.
[0022]
FIG. 2 shows the results of investigation on high-temperature oxidation resistance when W is added in various proportions based on 14% Cr-0.1% Si-1.5% Al-0.3% Ti-1.8% Mo steel.
The high temperature oxidation resistance test was held in an air atmosphere at 1050 ° C. for 100 hours, and the change in the weight of the test piece after this test was evaluated. If the weight change after the test is 10 mg / cm 2 or less, it can be said that the high-temperature oxidation resistance is excellent.
As shown in the figure, the high-temperature oxidation resistance is remarkably improved by containing W in excess of 2.0%.
[0023]
(Mo + W) ≧ 4.3%
As described above, the high temperature oxidation resistance can be remarkably improved by combining Mo and W. For that purpose, the total amount of these elements is preferably 4.3% or more. More preferably, it is 4.7% or more.
[0024]
Al: more than 0.1%, 7.0% or less
Al contributes effectively to the improvement of high temperature salt damage resistance. Therefore, in the present invention, Al is included in an amount exceeding 0.1% as an essential element. However, if the content exceeds 7.0%, the steel material becomes extremely brittle, so the upper limit of Al was set to 7.0%.
[0025]
N: 0.02% or less N, as well as C, deteriorates toughness and workability, so it is preferable to reduce the mixing thereof as much as possible. From this point of view, in the present invention, the N content is limited to 0.02% or less. More preferably, it is 0.008% or less.
[0026]
One or more selected from Ti: 0.05-0.2%, Zr: 0.05-0.2% and V: 0.05-0.2%
Ti, Zr, and V are all useful elements that improve the intergranular corrosion resistance by fixing C and N. If the content of each element is less than 0.05%, the addition effect is poor. When each exceeds 0.2 % , the steel material becomes brittle, so both were included in the range of 0.05 to 0.2%.
[0027]
Although the basic components have been described above, in the present invention, other elements described below can be appropriately contained.
At least one selected from Ni: 2.0% or less, Cu: 1.0% or less, Co: 1.0% or less, and Ca: 0.01% or less
Ni, Cu, Co, and Ca are all elements that are useful for improving toughness. Ni: 2.0% or less, Cu: 1.0% or less, Co: 1.0% or less, Ca: 0.01% or less did. In particular, Ca, when Ti is contained, effectively contributes to prevention of nozzle clogging during continuous casting. In order to sufficiently exhibit the effects of these elements, it is preferable to contain Ni in a range of 0.5% or more, Cu: 0.05% or more, Co: 0.03% or more, and Ca: 0.0005% or more.
[0028]
At least one of B and Mg selected from B: 0.01% or less and Mg: 0.01% or less contributes to the improvement of secondary work brittleness. However, if the content exceeds 0.01%, the strength at room temperature is increased. In addition, it causes a decrease in ductility, so each content was made 0.01% or less. More preferably, B is 0.0003% or more, and Mg is 0.0003% or more.
[0029]
In addition, since REM contributes effectively to the improvement of oxidation resistance, it can be contained at 0.1% or less. More preferably, it is 0.002% or more. In the present invention, REM means a lanthanoid element and Y.
[0030]
Next, the suitable manufacturing method of this invention steel is demonstrated. The production conditions of the steel of the present invention are not particularly limited, and general production methods for Cr-containing steel can be suitably used.
For example, molten steel adjusted to the above-mentioned proper composition range is melted using a refining furnace such as a converter, electric furnace, etc., and ladle refining, vacuum refining, etc. -After making into a slab by a block method, it is preferable to go through each process of hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing, pickling, cold-rolling, finish annealing, and pickling sequentially to make a cold-rolled annealed sheet . Further, the cold rolling may be one or two or more cold rolling including intermediate annealing. Cold rolling, finish annealing, pickling process may be I repeated line. In some cases, hot-rolled sheet annealing may be omitted. Further, when gloss is required, it is advantageous to apply a skin pass or the like.
[0031]
【Example】
50 kg steel ingots having the composition shown in Table 1 were prepared. These steel ingots were heated to 1100 ° C. and then hot rolled into hot rolled sheets having a thickness of 5 mm. Then, for these hot-rolled sheets, hot-rolled sheet annealing (annealing temperature: 1000 ° C)-pickling-cold rolling (cold rolling reduction ratio: 60%)-finish annealing (annealing temperature: 1000 ° C)-pickling Were applied in order to obtain a cold-rolled annealed plate having a thickness of 2 mm.
Table 2 shows the results of examining the high temperature oxidation resistance and the high temperature salt damage resistance of the cold-rolled annealed sheet thus obtained.
[0032]
Each characteristic was evaluated as follows.
(1) High-temperature oxidation resistance Two specimens (2mm thickness x 20mm width x 30mm length) were sampled from each cold-rolled annealed sheet, and these specimens were placed in an air atmosphere at 1050 ° C for 100 hours. Retained. The weight of each test piece before and after the test was measured, the change in weight before and after the test was calculated, and the average value of the two pieces was obtained. If this weight change is 10 mg / cm 2 or less, it can be said that the high-temperature oxidation resistance is excellent.
(2) High temperature salt resistance Two specimens (2mm thickness x 20mm width x 30mm length) were taken from each cold-rolled annealed plate, immersed in 5% saline solution for 1 hour, and then air at 700 ° C. The process of heating in an atmosphere for 23 hours and cooling for 5 minutes was taken as one cycle, the weight change after 10 cycles was measured, and the average value was obtained. This weight change is excellent as the high temperature salt damage resistance small, in this invention, when the when the weight variation [Delta] w is 40 (mg / cm 2) or more ×, 30 ≦ Δw <40 of (mg / cm 2) Was evaluated as ○, 20 ≦ Δw <30 (mg / cm 2 ) as ◎, and Δw <20 (mg / cm 2 ) as ☆.
[0033]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003937940
[0034]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003937940
[0035]
As is clear from Table 2, all the steel plates according to the present invention have excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature salt damage resistance.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the present invention, a Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance can be stably obtained.
Therefore, according to the present invention, by improving the engine performance, an exhaust system member that can withstand not only automobile-related applications in which the exhaust gas temperature exceeds 900 ° C. but also fuel-cell related applications and power plant related applications is provided. It can be supplied stably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the Mo content and the increase in yield stress (ΔYS).
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of examining high-temperature oxidation resistance when W is added in various proportions based on 14% Cr-0.1% Si-1.5% Al-0.3% Ti-1.8% Mo steel. It is.

Claims (4)

質量%で、
C:0.02%以下、
Si:2.0 %以下、
Mn:2.0 %以下、
Cr:6.0 〜40.0%、
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %、
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下、
Al:0.1 %超、7.0 %以下および
N:0.02%以下
を含み、かつ
Ti:0.05〜0.2 %、
Zr:0.05〜0.2 %および
V:0.05〜0.2 %
のうちから選んだ一種または二種以上を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
% By mass
C: 0.02% or less,
Si: 2.0% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less,
Cr: 6.0-40.0%,
Mo: 1.0-5.0%,
W: Over 2.0%, up to 5.0%,
Al: more than 0.1%, 7.0% or less and N: 0.02% or less, and
Ti: 0.05-0.2%
Zr: 0.05-0.2% and V: 0.05-0.2%
A Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized in that it contains one or more selected from among them, and the balance is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities.
請求項1において、MoおよびWの合計量が、質量%で
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
を満足することを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
In Claim 1, the total amount of Mo and W is (Mo + W) ≧ 4.3% in mass%.
Cr-containing steel with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance.
請求項1または2において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ni:2.0 %以下、
Cu:1.0 %以下、
Co:1.0 %以下および
Ca:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
3. The steel according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising mass%.
Ni: 2.0% or less,
Cu: 1.0% or less,
Co: 1.0% or less and
Ca: Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized by having a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
請求項1,2または3において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
B:0.01%以下、
Mg:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、耐高温酸化性および耐高温塩害性に優れたCr含有鋼。
In Claim 1, 2, or 3, steel is further mass% B: 0.01% or less,
Mg: Cr-containing steel excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature salt damage resistance, characterized by having a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
JP2002175997A 2002-06-17 2002-06-17 Cr-containing steel with excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature salt resistance Expired - Fee Related JP3937940B2 (en)

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