JP3903763B2 - Replacement method for refrigeration and air conditioning systems - Google Patents

Replacement method for refrigeration and air conditioning systems Download PDF

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JP3903763B2
JP3903763B2 JP2001323024A JP2001323024A JP3903763B2 JP 3903763 B2 JP3903763 B2 JP 3903763B2 JP 2001323024 A JP2001323024 A JP 2001323024A JP 2001323024 A JP2001323024 A JP 2001323024A JP 3903763 B2 JP3903763 B2 JP 3903763B2
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pipe
refrigerant
pressure gas
pressure
low
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JP2003130503A (en
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修 森本
博文 高下
智彦 河西
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/18—Refrigerant conversion

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、特に冷凍・空調システムにおいて、Ｒ２２冷媒と鉱油を使用していた冷凍・空調システムを、Ｒ４０７Ｃ冷媒とエステル油等の冷凍機油を使用する冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図１２は、室内機で冷房と暖房との同時運転が可能な従来の３管接続の空調・冷凍システムを示す冷媒回路図である。
図１２中、空調・冷凍システムは、室外機１００と２台の室内機２００ａ、２００ｂと、室外機１００と室内機２００ａ、２００ｂを接続する高圧ガス管３００、低圧ガス管３０１、液管３０２で主に構成されている。また、この３管の管径には、以下のような関係がある。
低圧ガス管の管径 ＞ 高圧ガス管の管径 ＞ 液管の管径
なお、このような関係にするのは以下の様な理由による。
▲１▼高圧よりも低圧のガス管の管径を太くするのは、低圧の方が密度が小さいので、配管内の冷媒の流速が速くなる。従って、太く設計することで、低圧ガス管内でのガス冷媒の流速を遅くすることで性能低下を防止し、高圧ガス管内でのガス冷媒の流速との調整を図る。
▲２▼液はガスに比較して著しく密度が大きく、太い管は必要でない。また、流れる液冷媒量を絞りでコントロールできる範囲に抑える必要がある。
【０００３】
室外機１００では、圧縮機１０１の吸入側配管にアキュムレータ１０６が接続し、この圧縮機１０１の吐出側配管を分岐させて、一方の配管を第１の電磁弁１０２を介して熱源側熱交換器１０３に接続し、他方の配管を高圧ガス管３００に接続させている。また、アキュムレータ１０６の吸入側配管も分岐させて一方の配管を第２の電磁弁１０７を介して第１の電磁弁１０２の下流側に接続し、他方の配管は低圧ガス管３０１に接続されている。さらに、熱源側熱交換器１０３には、第１の絞り装置１０４と逆止弁１０５とが並列に接続された配管が接続され、この配管は液管３０２に接続されている。
【０００４】
また、室内機２００ａは、一部が筐体（図示せず）から外部に延び、液管３０２に接続される液枝管２０１ａと、液枝管２０１ａに接続された第２の絞り装置２０２ａと、この第２の絞り装置２０２ａに配管接続された負荷側熱交換器２０３ａと、負荷側熱交換器２０３ａに接続されたガス枝管２０４ａとを有している。なお、このガス枝管２０４ａは、一方の低圧ガス枝管２０５ａが第３の電磁弁２０６ａを介して低圧ガス管３０１に接続し、他方の高圧ガス枝管２０７ａが第４の電磁弁２０８ａを介して高圧ガス管３００に接続する分岐管を有する冷媒コントローラ２０９ａに接続されている。
また、室内機２００ｂ及び冷媒コントローラ２０９ｂも、室内機２００ａ及び冷媒コントローラ２０９ａと同様の構成をしている。
【０００５】
次に、運転中での冷媒の流れについて説明する。
室内機２００ａ、２００ｂが共に冷房運転を行う場合には、第１の電磁弁１０２を開き、第２の電磁弁１０７を閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ａ、２０６ｂを開き、第４の電磁弁２０８ａ、２０８ｂを閉じ、圧縮機１０１を起動する。
この場合、圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は第１の電磁弁１０２を介して熱源側熱交換器１０３に流れ、ここで凝縮・液化された後に、中間圧の液管３０２を流れ、第２の絞り装置２０２ａ、２０２ｂで低圧まで絞られて気液二相状態となり、負荷側熱交換器２０３ａ、２０３ｂで蒸発・気化し、低圧ガス枝管２０５ａ，２０５ｂ、及び低圧ガス管３０１を流れ、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【０００６】
また、室内機２００ａ、２００ｂが共に暖房運転を行う場合には、第１の電磁弁１０２を閉じ、第２の電磁弁１０７を開き、第３の電磁弁２０６ａ、２０６ｂを閉じ、第４の電磁弁２０８ａ、２０８ｂを開き、圧縮機１０１を起動する。
この場合、圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、高圧ガス管３００を流れ、高圧ガス枝管２０７ａ，２０７ｂを介して負荷側熱交換器２０３ａ、２０３ｂに流れ込んで凝縮・液化し、第２の絞り装置２０２ａ、２０２ｂで中間圧まで減圧された後、液枝管２０１ａ、２０１ｂを介して液管３０２を流れ、第１の絞り装置１０４で低圧まで絞られ、気液二相状態となり、熱源側熱交換器１０３で蒸発・気化し、第２の電磁弁１０７、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【０００７】
また、室内機２００ａが冷房運転、室内機２００ｂが暖房運転し、さらに、室内機２００ａの冷房負荷よりも室内機２００ｂの暖房負荷が小さい場合には、第１の電磁弁１０２を開き、第２の電磁弁１０７を閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ａを開き、第４の電磁弁２０８ａを閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ｂを閉じ、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを開き圧縮機１０１を起動する。
【０００８】
圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、第１の電磁弁１０２を介して熱源側熱交換器１０３で凝縮・液化した後に、中間圧の液管３０２を流れる。また一方で、圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒の一部は、高圧ガス管３００を流れて、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを介して負荷側熱交換器２０３ｂに流れ凝縮・液化する。熱源側熱交換器２０３ｂで凝縮・液化した液冷媒は、液枝管２０１ｂを介して中間圧の液管を流れる。ここで、中間圧の液管３０２では、室外機１００から流れる液冷媒と、第２の室内機２００ｂから流れる液冷媒とが合流し、液枝管２０１ａを介して室内機２００ａに流れ込み、第２の絞り装置２０２ａで低圧まで絞られた後に、負荷側熱交換器２０３ａで蒸発・気化し、低圧ガス枝管２０５ａおよび低圧ガス管３０１を流れて、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【０００９】
また、室内機２００ａが冷房運転、室内機２００ｂが暖房運転をし、さらに、室内機２００ａの冷房負荷よりも室内機２００ｂの暖房負荷が大きい場合には、第１の電磁弁１０２を閉じ、第２の電磁弁１０７を開き、第３の電磁弁２０６ａを開き、第４の電磁弁２０８ａを閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ｂを閉じ、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを開き圧縮機１０１を起動する。
【００１０】
圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、高圧ガス管３００を流れ、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを介して、負荷側熱交換器２０３ｂに流れ込み、凝縮・液化する。この液冷媒は、第２の絞り装置２０２ｂ、液枝管２０１ｂを介して中間圧の液管３０２を流れる。なお。この液管３０２を流れる液冷媒の一部は、液枝管２０１ａ、第２の絞り装置２０２ａを介して負荷側熱交換器２０３ａに流れて蒸発・気化し、低圧ガス枝管２０５ａおよび低圧ガス管３０１を流れ、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。また、中間圧の液管３０２を流れる残りの液冷媒は、第１の絞り装置１０４で低圧まで絞られ、熱源側熱交換器１０３で蒸発・気化した後、第２の電磁弁１０７、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【００１１】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述のような、従来の３管方式の空調・冷凍システムでは、冷媒にＲ２２、冷凍機油として鉱油を用いて室外機・室内機を、冷媒にＲ４０７Ｃ、冷凍機油としてエステル油等の合成油を使用する室外機・室内機に交換する場合には、既設の３管に付着した鉱油を洗浄するために、１本づつ窒素ガスでブローして鉱油を排除するか、３管のうち２管ずつを選択して洗浄する作業が必要である。
【００１２】
しかし、１本毎に窒素ガスでブローする方法では、ブロー時間をどんなに長くしても、配管に鉱油が少なからず残ってしまうので、交換後の使用でエステル油と混合し、動作の信頼性が損なわれる恐れがあるという問題があった。
【００１３】
また、２本ずつを選択して洗浄する方法では、多大な手間と時間を要するという問題があった。
【００１４】
この発明は上述の課題を解決するためになされたものであり、既設の３管を用いて、新しい冷媒、及び冷凍機油を使用する冷凍・空調システムに簡単にリプレースできる方法を提供することを目的としている。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明における冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法は、第１の室外機、及び第１の室内機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管から取り外す第１の工程と、熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して高圧ガス管または高圧ガス管と液管との一組のいずれかである新たな高圧管に接続し、四方弁を配管を介して低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで第２の室外機を設置し、気液分離器を配管を介して新たな高圧管に接続し、複数の弁を配管を介して新たな低圧管に接続することで分流コントローラを設置し、絞り装置を配管を介して気液分離器に接続し、負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して複数の弁に接続することで複数の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、真空引き、及び第２の冷媒を第２の室外機、第２の室内機、分流コントローラ、新たな高圧管、新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、流入する第２の冷媒から第１の冷凍機油を分離して回収した後にガス状の第２の冷媒のみを流出する異物捕獲装置を新たな低圧管に設置し、第２の冷媒が分流コントローラの弁から異物捕獲装置に流入した後に四方弁に流れるように第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、新たな高圧管と新たな低圧管とに残留する第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有するものとした。
【００１７】
この発明における冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法は、第１の室外機、及び第１の室内機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管から取り外す第１の工程と、熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して高圧ガス管または高圧ガス管と液管との一組のいずれかである新たな高圧管に接続し、四方弁を配管を介して低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで第２の室外機を設置し、気液分離器を配管を介して新たな高圧管に接続し、複数の弁を配管を介して新たな低圧管に接続することで分流コントローラを設置し、絞り装置を配管を介して気液分離器に接続し、負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して複数の弁に接続することで複数の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、真空引き、及び第２の冷媒を第２の室外機、第２の室内機、分流コントローラ、新たな高圧管、新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、
油回収器、油分離器、および油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管と油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器を備えたオイルトラッパを、油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管が新たな低圧管に接続され、油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管が新たな高圧管に接続されるように、第２の室外機と分流コントローラとの間に設置し、第２の室外機から吐き出される冷媒が油分離器を流れ、分流コントローラから吐き出される冷媒が油回収器を流れるように、第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、新たな高圧管と新たな低圧管とに残留する第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有するものとした。
【００１８】
この発明における冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法は、第１の冷媒と第１の冷凍機油を使用した室内機及び室外機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管から切り離し、第２の冷媒と第２の冷凍機油を使用する室内機及び室外機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管に接続させる第１の工程と、真空引き、及び第２の冷媒を第２の室外機、第２の室内機、冷媒コントローラ、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管の少なくとも１つに注入する第２の工程と、低圧ガス管に２つの分岐管を設置し、この２つの分岐管に異物捕獲装置を設置することで、冷媒がこの異物捕獲装置を流れるようにした後に、一定時間、全体の冷房負荷の方が暖房負荷よりも大きくなるように、複数の室内機を冷房と暖房とが混合した運転をさせる第３の工程とを有するものとした。
【００１９】
この発明における冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法は、第１の冷媒と第１の冷凍機油を使用した室内機及び室外機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管から切り離し、第２の冷媒と第２の冷凍機油を使用する室内機及び室外機を高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管に接続させる第１の工程と、真空引き、及び第２の冷媒を第２の室外機、第２の室内機、冷媒コントローラ、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管又は液管の少なくとも１つに注入する第２の工程と、低圧ガス管と高圧ガス管と液管とに、油回収器と、油分離器と、油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管と油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器とを有するオイルトラッパを、油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管が低圧ガス管に接続され、油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管が高圧ガス管及び液管に接続されるように、室外機と複数の室内機との間に設置することで、室外機から吐き出される冷媒がこの油分離器を流れ、室内機から吐き出される冷媒がこの油回収器を流れるようにした後に、一定時間室内機の運転を行う第３の工程とを有するものとした。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
図１は、この発明の実施の形態１における、冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートである。また、図２、及び図３は、作成工程の段階での冷凍・空調システムの構成図である。
【００２１】
まず、図１２に示した冷凍・空調システムから従来使用していたＲ２２冷媒を回収する（ステップ（以下、「Ｓ」とする）１）。
次に、既設の３管式の室外機・室内機を取り外し、Ｒ４０７Ｃ冷媒用の２管式の室外機を３管の既設配管のうち低圧ガス管、及び高圧ガス管に接続させるように設置する（Ｓ２）。次に、分流コントローラを低圧ガス管、及び高圧ガス管に接続し、さらに、室内機をこの分流コントローラに接続させる（Ｓ３）。なお、ここまでの作業で、完成状態となる。
【００２２】
図２は、この段階までの作業終了時での冷凍・空調システムを示す冷媒回路図である。
図２中、室外機１は、圧縮機２と、四方弁３と、熱源側熱交換器４とアキュムレータ５とが配管接続されている。また、四方弁３からは第１の逆止弁６を有する配管７が延び、低圧ガス管２０に接続しており、熱源側熱交換器４からも第２の逆止弁８を有する配管９が延び、高圧ガス管２１に接続している。また、配管７の低圧ガス管２０側と配管９の熱源側熱交換器４側との間には、第３の逆止弁１０を有する配管１１が接続され、配管７の四方弁３側と配管９の高圧ガス管２１側との間には、第４の逆止弁１２を有する配管１３が接続されている。
【００２３】
低圧ガス管２０、及び高圧ガス管２１には分流コントローラ３０が接続されている。この分流コントローラ３０は、高圧ガス管２１に接続される気液分離器３１と、この気液分離器３１で分離された液冷媒が流れる配管３２に設けられた第１の絞り装置３３と、低圧ガス管２０から分岐した一方の配管３４に設けられた第２の絞り装置３５と、低圧ガス管２０から分岐した他方の配管３６が分岐し、この一方に接続された第１の電磁弁３７ａ、及び他方に接続された第１の電磁弁３７ｂと、気液分離器３１で分離されたガス冷媒が流れる配管３８が分岐し、この一方に接続された第２の電磁弁３９ａ、及び他方に接続された第２の電磁弁３９ｂとを有している。
【００２４】
また、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、及び第２の電磁弁３９ａから出る配管は合流してガス枝管５０ａとなり、室内機６０ａに接続し、第１の電磁弁３７ｂ、及び第２の電磁弁３９ｂから出る配管は合流してガス枝管５０ｂとなり、室内機６０ｂに接続している。さらに、配管３２と配管３５とは一度合流した後に、分離し、一方の液枝管５１ａは室内機６０ａに接続し、他方の液枝管５１ｂは室内機６０ｂに接続している。
【００２５】
室内機６０ａでは、ガス枝管５０ａが負荷側熱交換器６１ａに接続し、液枝管５１ａが第３の絞り装置６２ａに接続し、さらに、負荷側熱交換器６１ａと第３の絞り装置６２ａが配管接続している。室内機６０ｂも同様に、ガス枝管５０ｂが負荷側熱交換器６１ｂに接続し、液枝管５１ｂが第３の絞り装置６２ｂに接続し、さらに、負荷側熱交換器６１ｂと第３の絞り装置６２ｂが配管接続している。
【００２６】
Ｓ３で、図２に示す構成にした後に、冷媒配管の気密試験（Ｓ４）と、冷媒配管の真空引き（Ｓ５）とを順次行い、その後に、必要な量のＲ４０７Ｃを冷媒配管にチャージする（Ｓ６）。その後に、異物捕獲器を低圧ガス管に設置して（Ｓ７）、フラッシング運転を実施し、既設配管中に残留する鉱油を異物捕獲器に回収する（Ｓ８）。
【００２７】
図３は、Ｓ７を実行した後の冷媒回路図であり、図２の冷媒回路図に異物捕獲器を設置したものである。
図３中、７０は低圧ガス管２０に設けられた第１の開閉弁であり、この第１の開閉弁７０の前後のそれぞれ分岐させ、第２の開閉弁７１を有する分岐管７２と、第３の開閉弁７３を有する分岐管７４とを接続し、さらに、分岐管７２と分岐管７４との先に異物捕獲器７５を接続させている。
【００２８】
次に、フラッシング運転の具体的な冷媒の流れについて図３を用いて説明する。このフラッシング運転では、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、３７ｂを開に、第２の電磁弁３９ａ，３９ｂを閉に、第１の開閉弁７０は閉に、第２の開閉弁７１、第３の開閉弁７３は開にしている。
【００２９】
圧縮機２を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、熱源側熱交換器４で凝縮・液化し、第２の逆止弁８を介し、配管中の残留する鉱油を押し流しながら高圧ガス管２１を流れ、分流コントローラ３０内の気液分離器３１および第１の絞り装置３３、液枝管５１ａ、５１ｂを流れ、室内機６０ａ、６０ｂに至る。室内機６０ａ、６０ｂでは、第３の絞り装置６２ａ、６２ｂを介して負荷側熱交換器６１ａ、６１ｂに流れ、ここで蒸発・気化されてガス冷媒となる。このガス冷媒は、ガス枝管５０ａ、５０ｂを流れ、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、３７ｂを介して低圧ガス管２０に流れ、第３の開閉弁７３を介して異物捕獲器７５に流れ込む。
【００３０】
この異物捕獲器７５では、既設配管中から冷媒と共に回収された鉱油を分離し、ガス冷媒のみが第２の開閉弁７１を介して流出し、逆止弁６、四方弁３、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻る。このよう動作を所定時間行うことにより、既設配管中の鉱油を異物捕獲器７５に回収することができる。
【００３１】
なお、Ｓ８でフラッシング運転を実行した後に、異物捕獲器７０、分岐管７２、分岐管７４、第１の開閉弁７０を切り離して図２に示した冷媒回路図の構成することで回収した異物を空調・冷凍システムから排出し（Ｓ９）、通常運転を開始する（Ｓ１０）。
【００３２】
なお、図２に示す冷媒回路図で、冷房運転を行う場合には、まず、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、３７ｂを開き、第２の電磁弁３９ａ、３９ｂを閉じると共に、圧縮機２を駆動する。これにより、圧縮機２を出たガス冷媒は、熱源側熱交換器４で凝縮・液化して液冷媒になり、高圧ガス管２１を流れて分流コントローラ３０の気液分離器３１、第１の絞り装置３３、液枝管５１ａ、５１ｂを介して、室内機６０ａ、６０ｂに流れ、第３の絞り装置６２ａ、６２ｂにより低圧まで絞られた後に、負荷側熱交換器６１ａ、６１ｂで蒸発・気化する。負荷側熱交換器６１ａ、６１ｂで蒸発・気化したガス冷媒は、ガス枝管５０ａ、５０ｂを流れ、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、３７ｂを介して低圧ガス管２０に流れ、第１の逆止弁６、四方弁３、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻ることになる。
【００３３】
また、暖房運転を行う場合には、まず、第２の電磁弁３９ａ、３９ｂを開き、第１の電磁弁３７ａ、３７ｂを閉じると共に、圧縮機２を駆動する。これにより、圧縮機２を出たガス冷媒は、四方弁３、第４の逆止弁１２、高圧ガス管２１を介して分流コントローラ３０の気液分離器３１に流れ込む。ガス冷媒は気液分離器３１から配管３８に流れ、第２の電磁弁３９ａ、３９ｂ、ガス枝管５０ａ、５０ｂを介して室内機６０ａ、６０ｂに流れる。室内機６０ａ、６０ｂでは、負荷側熱交換器６１ａ、６１ｂで凝縮・液化し、第３の絞り装置６２ａ、６２ｂで中間圧まで絞られた後に液枝管５１ａ、５１ｂを流れ、第２の絞り装置３５で低圧まで絞られて気液二相状態の冷媒となり、低圧ガス管２０を流れ、第３の逆止弁１０を介して熱源側熱交換器４で蒸発・気化し四方弁３、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻る。
【００３４】
また、室内機６０ａが冷房運転、室内機６０ｂが暖房運転し、さらに、室内機６０ａの冷房負荷が室内機６０ｂの暖房負荷よりも大きい場合には、第１の電磁弁３７ａと第２の電磁弁３９ｂを開き、第１の電磁弁３７ｂと第２の電磁弁３９ａを閉じると共に、圧縮機２を駆動する。これにより、圧縮機２を出たガス冷媒は四方弁３を介して熱源側熱交換器４に流れ、適度な乾き度となるまで凝縮されて高温・高圧の気液二相状態となる。その後、気液二相状態となった冷媒は、第２の逆止弁８を介して高圧ガス管２１を流れ、分流コントローラ３０の気液分離器３１に流れ込む。なお、高圧ガス管２１を液管として使用しているので、通常の２管式空調機の液管と比較して配管径が太くなり、その結果、室外機１から分流コントローラ３０まで気液二相状態の冷媒が流れても分流コントローラ３０に流入する気液二相冷媒の高圧は維持できる。
【００３５】
分流コントローラ３０の気液分離器３１では、ガス冷媒と液冷媒に分離され、ガス冷媒は、配管３８、第２の電磁弁３９ｂ、ガス枝管５０ｂを介して室内機６０ｂに流れる。室内機６０ｂでは、負荷側熱交換器６１ｂで凝縮・液化し、第３の絞り装置６２ｂで中間圧の液冷媒となった後、液枝管５１ｂを流れ、気液分離器３１で分離され、第１の絞り装置３３で中間圧まで絞られた液冷媒と合流し、液枝管５１ａを流れて室内機６０ａに流れ込む。室内機６０ａでは、第３の絞り装置６２ａで低圧まで絞られた後、負荷側熱交換器６１ａで蒸発・気化し、ガス枝管５０ａ、第１の電磁弁３７ａを流れて低圧ガス管２０を流れ、第１の逆止弁６、四方弁３、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻る。
【００３６】
なお、図４は既存の３管のうち、高圧ガス管を液管として使用した場合と、一般的な２管で使用する液管を使用した場合での室外機１から分流コントローラ３０までの配管長の変化に対する負荷側熱交換器６１での暖房能力の変化を示す図である。この図４からも分かるように、配管長が長くなると共に暖房能力は低下するが、配管径の太い高圧ガス管を使用する場合の方が、一般的な液管を使用するよりも先に述べたように圧力損失が低く、このため暖房を行う際の凝縮圧力が高くなり、暖房能力の低下が小さくすることができる。
【００３７】
また、室内機６０ａが冷房運転、室内機６０ｂが暖房運転し、さらに、室内機６０ａの冷房負荷よりも室内機６０ｂの暖房負荷が大きい場合には、第１の電磁弁３７ａと第２の電磁弁３９ｂを開き、第１の電磁弁３７ｂと第２の電磁弁３９ａを閉じると共に、圧縮機２を駆動する。これにより、圧縮機２を出たガス冷媒は、四方弁３、第４の逆止弁１２を介して高圧ガス管２１を流れ、分流コントローラ３０の気液分離器３１に流れ込む。その後、ガス冷媒は、配管３８から流出し、第２の電磁弁３９ｂ、ガス枝管５０ｂを介して室内機６０ｂに流れ込む。室内機６０ｂでは、負荷側熱交換器６１ｂで凝縮・液化し、第３の絞り装置６２ｂで中間圧の液冷媒となった後、液枝管５１ｂを流れる。
【００３８】
この液枝管５１ｂを流れた液冷媒のうち、一部は第２の絞り装置３５を介して、低圧ガス管２０を流れる。また、残りは液枝管５１ａを介して、室内機６０ａの流れ込む。室内機６０ａでは、第３の絞り装置６２ａで低圧まで絞られ、負荷側熱交換器６１ａで蒸発・気化してガス冷媒となり、ガス枝管５０ａ、第１の電磁弁３７ａを介して低圧ガス管２０を流れる。この低圧ガス管２０を流れる冷媒は、第３の逆止弁１０を介して熱源側熱交換器４で蒸発・気化し、四方弁３、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻る。
【００３９】
なお、この場合でも、高圧ガス管２１を液管として使用しているので、配管径が細い通常の液管よりも室外機１から分流コントローラ３０に至る管内での圧力損失を小さくすることができ、負荷側熱交換器６１ｂでの凝縮圧力は高く維持できるので、暖房能力を十分に発揮することができるようになる。
【００４０】
このように、室外機と室内機を３本の冷媒配管で接続してなる空調・冷凍システムのうち、高圧ガス管と低圧ガス管のみを利用して２管の空調・冷凍システムにリプレースすることにより、配管内に残留するＲ２２用の冷凍機油を簡単に除去でき、スラッジの発生や冷凍機油の劣化が防止でき、信頼性の高い空調・冷凍システムにすることができる。
【００４１】
また、冷暖房同時運転が可能であり、冷暖房同時運転を行う際の暖房室内機の能力低下を小さくできる。
【００４２】
さらに、既設の配管を流用することにより、コスト及び施工時間を短縮することができる。
【００４３】
なお、室外機と室内機を接続する既設の３本の配管の内、高圧ガス管と中間圧の液管を２本１組として液管とし、低圧ガス管をガス管にして、２管の空調・冷凍システムを作成してもよい。
また、Ｓ８で、異物捕獲器７０、分岐管７２、分岐管７４、第１の開閉弁７０を切り離しさずに、単に、第１の開閉弁７０を開き、第２の開閉弁７１、第３の開閉弁７３を閉じるだけにしてもよい。このようにすれば、簡単な操作で異物捕獲を再度実行することが可能となる。
【００４４】
実施の形態２．
図５は、この発明の実施の形態２における冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートであり、図１に示すフローチャートにおいて、異物捕獲器の代わりにオイルトラップを使用して配管中の鉱油を除去するようにしたものである。
図５中、Ｓ１からＳ６までは図１と同様である。
Ｓ６で冷媒チャージが終了した後に、オイルトラップを接続させる（Ｓ１１）。
【００４５】
図６は、Ｓ１１が終了した時点での空調・冷凍システムの冷媒回路図である。なお、図６中、図２と同様の構成には同一の符号を付し、説明を省略する。
図６中、８０はオイルトラップであり、室外機１の配管７と第４の開閉弁８５を介して、配管９と第５の開閉弁８６を介して接続され、さらに、低圧ガス管２０と第６の開閉弁８７を介して、高圧ガス管２１と第７の開閉弁８８を介して接続されている。
【００４６】
また、オイルトラップ８０は、第４の開閉弁８５に接続された配管から分岐した一方の配管に設けられた返油用キャビラリーチューブ８１、及びこの配管に接続された油分離器８２と、鉱油回収器８３と低圧ガス管２０とを繋ぐ配管、及び油分離器８２と高圧ガス管２１とを繋ぐ配管との間で熱交換を行うための冷媒熱交換器８４とを有している。
【００４７】
次に、フラッシング運転を行うが（Ｓ１２）、この運転での冷媒の流れについて、図６に基づいて説明する。
圧縮機２を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、熱源側熱交換器４で凝縮しない程度に熱交換し、ガス状態のまま、第２の逆止弁８、第５の開閉弁８６を介して油分離器８２に入る。油分離器８２では、圧縮機２から冷媒ガスと共に持出されたＲ４０７Ｃ用の冷凍機油が分離され、ガス冷媒のみが冷媒熱交換器８４へ流れる。また、油分離器８２で分離されたＲ４０７Ｃ用の冷凍機油は返油用キャビラリーチューブ８１、第４の開閉弁８５を介して圧縮機２へ戻る。また、油分離器８２から冷媒熱交換器８４に至った高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、冷媒熱交換器８４で、適度な乾き度の気液二相冷媒となるまで凝縮・液化し、第７の開閉弁８８を介して高圧ガス管２１に流れ、高圧ガス管２１内に残留する鉱油を押し流し、分流コントローラ３０に流れ込む。
【００４８】
分流コントローラ３０では、気液分離器３１、第１の絞り装置３３を介して、液枝管５１ａ、５１ｂを流れ、室内機６０ａ、６０ｂに流れ込む。室内機６０ａ、６０ｂでは、第３の絞り装置６２ａ，６２ｂを介して、負荷側熱交換器６１ａ，６１ｂに流れ、さらに、ガス枝管５０ａ、５０ｂを流れ、第１の電磁弁３７ａ，３７ｂを介して低圧ガス管２０を流れ、低圧ガス管２０に残留する鉱油を押し流しながら、第６の開閉弁８７を介して冷媒熱交換器８４で蒸発・気化し、鉱油回収器８３に流入する。鉱油回収器８３では、鉱油を分離し、ガス冷媒のみが、第４の開閉弁８５を介して室外機１に流入する。室外機１に流入したガス冷媒は、第１の逆止弁６、四方弁２、アキュムレータ５を介して圧縮機２に戻る。
【００４９】
このフラッシング運転を所定時間実施した後、第４の開閉弁８５、第５の開閉８６、第６の開閉弁８７、第７の開閉弁８８を閉じ、オイルトラップ８０を取外し、第４の開閉弁８５と第６の開閉弁８７を接続し、第５の開閉弁８６と第７の開閉弁８８とを接続することで、図２に示した冷媒回路と同等の回路とし（Ｓ１３）、通常の冷・暖房運転を行う（Ｓ１０）。
【００５０】
なお、図７の冷媒回路に充填されている冷媒量とその空調装置でフラッシング運転を行った場合の圧縮機吐出冷媒の加熱度の関係図に示すように、圧縮機吐出冷媒の加熱度は、冷媒充填量が増加するにしたがって減少する傾向にあるので、圧縮機吐出冷媒の加熱度が３０〜６０degになるように冷媒充填量を調整することにより、既設配管の長さが不明であっても、冷媒充填量を適正にすることができる。
【００５１】
このような方法であっても、配管内に残留するＲ２２用の冷凍機油を気液二相冷媒で除去でき、スラッジの発生や冷凍機油の劣化がなく、信頼性の高い空調装置とすることができる。
【００５２】
実施の形態３．
実施の形態１、２では、既設の３管のうち２管を利用して新しい空調・冷凍システムにリプレースするものであったが、既設の３管すべてを使用して新しい空調・冷凍システムにリプレースしても当然によい。
図８は、３管を利用した空調・冷凍システムをリプレースする方法を示すフローチャートである。
まず、図１３に示した冷凍・空調システムから従来使用していたＲ２２冷媒を回収する（Ｓ１）。次に、Ｒ２２冷媒用の３管式室外機、室内機を取り外し、Ｒ４０７Ｃ冷媒用の３管式室外機、及び室内機を３管の既設配管に接続させるように設置する（Ｓ２０）。なお、この作業により、図１２に示す従来と同様の冷媒回路となる。次に、冷媒配管の気密試験（Ｓ４）と、冷媒配管の真空引き（Ｓ５）と順次行い、必要な量のＲ４０７Ｃを冷媒配管にチャージする（Ｓ６）。その後に、異物捕獲器を設置して（Ｓ２１）、フラッシング運転を実施し、既設配管中に残留する鉱油を異物捕獲器に回収する（Ｓ２２）。
【００５３】
図９は、Ｓ２１で、異物捕獲器を設置した状態での冷媒回路図である。なお、図９中、図３、及び図１２と同様の構成に関しては、同一の符号を付し説明を省略する。
図３中、低圧ガス管３０１に第１の開閉弁７０を設け、その前後の低圧ガス管３０１を分岐して、第２の開閉弁７１を有する分岐管７２と、第３の開閉弁７３を有する分岐管７４とを接続し、異物捕獲器７５を分岐管７２と分岐管７４に接続させている。
【００５４】
次に、図９の冷媒回路の構成で、フラッシング運転を行う（Ｓ２２）。
なお、このフラッシング運転は、冷房運転と暖房運転が混在し、かつ、冷房の負荷容量が暖房の負荷容量よりも大きい設定で冷凍・空調システムを所定期間動作させることである。例えば、室内機２００ａが冷房運転、室内機２００ｂが暖房運転にし、さらに、室内機２００ａの冷房負荷よりも室内機２００ｂの暖房負荷を小さく設定し、第１の電磁弁１０２を開き、第２の電磁弁１０７を閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ａを開き、第４の電磁弁２０８ａを閉じ、第３の電磁弁２０６ｂを閉じ、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを開き圧縮機１０１を起動する。
【００５５】
圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、第１の電磁弁１０２を介して熱源側熱交換器１０３で凝縮・液化した後に、中間圧の液管３０２を流れ、液管３０２に残存する鉱油を押し流す。また一方で、圧縮機１０１を吐出した高温・高圧のガス冷媒の一部は、高圧ガス管３００を流れ、高圧ガス管３００に残存する鉱油を押し流し、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを介して負荷側熱交換器２０３ｂに流れ凝縮・液化する。熱源側熱交換器２０３ｂで凝縮・液化した液冷媒は、液枝管２０１ｂを介して中間圧の液管を流れる。ここで、中間圧の液管３０２では、室外機１００から流れる冷媒液と、第２の室内機２００ｂから流れる冷媒液とが合流し、液枝管２０１ａを介して室内機２００ａに流れ、絞り２０２ａで低圧まで絞られた後に、負荷側熱交換器２０３ａで蒸発・気化し、低圧ガス枝管２０５ａおよび低圧ガス管３０１を流れて、第３の開閉弁７３を介して異物捕獲器７５に流れ込む。この異物捕獲器７５では、ガス冷媒と鉱油とが分離し、ガス冷媒のみが第２の開閉弁７１を介して流れ、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【００５６】
また、この運転を所定時間行った後、今度は圧縮機１０１を運転したまま、第３の電磁弁２０６ａを閉じ，第４の電磁弁２０８ａを開き、第２の絞り装置２０２aを開き、第３の電磁弁２０６ｂを開き、第４の電磁弁２０８ｂを閉じ、第２の絞り装置２０２ｂを開くと、高圧ガス管３００を流れた高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、第４の電磁弁１０８ａを介して負荷側熱交換器２０３ａに流入し、ここで凝縮・液化し、第２の絞り装置２０２ａで中間圧まで減圧され、液枝管２０１ａを流れた後、液管３０２で熱源側熱交換器１０３で凝縮・液化した液冷媒と合流し、液枝管２０１ｂに流れる。液枝管２０１ｂを流れた液冷媒は、第２の絞り装置２０２ｂで低圧まで絞られ、低圧の気液二相冷媒となって、負荷側熱交換器２０３ｂに流入し、ここで、蒸発・気化し、第３の電磁弁２０６ｂを介して低圧ガス枝管２０５ｂおよび低圧ガス管３０１を流れて、第３の開閉弁７３を介して異物捕獲器７５に流れ込む。この異物捕獲器７５では、ガス冷媒と鉱油とが分離し、ガス冷媒のみが第２の開閉弁７１を介して流れ、アキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【００５７】
なお、Ｓ２２でフラッシング運転を実行した後に、異物捕獲器７０、分岐管７２、分岐管７４、第１の開閉弁７０を切り離して図１２に示した冷媒回路図の構成することで回収した異物を空調・冷凍システムから排出し（Ｓ２３）、通常運転を開始する（Ｓ１０）。
【００５８】
このように、３管式の室外機、室内機を接続した後に、暖房・冷房が混合し、冷房負荷の方が暖房負荷よりも大きくなる運転を行わせることで、一度に３管に残存した鉱油を除去することができ、作業負荷を大幅に減らすことができるとともに、通常運転時での信頼性も向上する。
【００５９】
実施の形態４．
図１０は、実施の形態４における３管を利用した空調・冷凍システムをリプレースする方法を示すフローチャートであり、図８に示すリプレース方法において、異物捕獲器のかわりに、オイルストラップを使用するものである。
図１０中、まず図８と同様の方法で、冷媒チャージまでを行う。
その後に、オイルトラップを接続させる（Ｓ３０）。
図１１は、Ｓ３０でオイルトラップを接続させた後の冷媒回路図である。なお、図１１中、図１３及び図６と同様の構成には同一の符号を付し説明を省略する。
【００６０】
図１１中、圧縮機１０１の吐出側の配管を分岐させて配管に第４の開閉弁８５を、アキュムレータ１０６に接続する配管に第５の開閉弁８６を、絞り１０４に接続する配管に第８の開閉弁８９を設け、さらに、第４の開閉弁８５の先の配管と第８の開閉弁８９の先の配管とを合流させている。また、鉱油回収器８３と接続される配管を第６の開閉弁８７を介して低圧ガス管３０１に接続させ、油分離器８２と接続される配管を分岐させ、一方を第７の開閉弁８８を介して液管３０２に接続させ、他方を第９の開閉弁９０を介して高圧ガス管３００に接続させている。
【００６１】
Ｓ３０で、オイルトラップを接続させた後に、フラッシング運転を行う（Ｓ３１）。
このフラッシング運転では、圧縮機１０１を駆動し、高温・高圧のガス冷媒を第４の開閉弁８５を介してオイルトラップ８０へ流す。オイルトラップ８０に流れたガス冷媒は、油分離器８２に流れ、冷媒ガス中に含まれるエステル油を分離し、冷媒熱交換器８４へ冷媒ガスのみを流す。冷媒熱交換器８４へ流れたガス冷媒は、適度な乾き度まで凝縮・液化し、この気液二相冷媒の一部は第６の開閉弁８７を介して高圧ガス管３００に流れると共に、残りの気液二相冷媒は第９の開閉弁９０を介して中間圧の液管３０２に流れる。高圧ガス管３００に流れた気液二相冷媒は、第４の電磁弁２０８a、２０８ｂと第３の電磁弁２０６a、２０６ｂを介して低圧ガス管３０１に流れる。中間圧の液管３０２を流れる気液二相冷媒は、第２の絞り装置２０２a、２０２ｂと負荷側熱交換器２０３a、２０３ｂを介して低圧ガス管３０１に流れる。低圧ガス管３０１を流れた気液二相冷媒は、オイルトラップ８０に至り、冷媒熱交換器８４で蒸発・気化し、鉱油回収器８３に流入する。鉱油回収器８３では、ガス冷媒中の鉱油を分離し、ガス冷媒のみが流出し、第５の開閉弁８６とアキュムレータ１０６を介して圧縮機１０１に戻る。
【００６２】
なお、このフラッシング運転を所定時間行なった後に、第４の開閉弁８５、第５の開閉弁８６、第６の開閉弁８７、第７の開閉弁８８、第８の開閉弁８９、第９の開閉弁９０を閉じ、オイルトラップ８０を取り除いた後に、第４の開閉弁８５と第６の開閉弁８７を接続し、第５の開閉弁８６と第７の開閉弁８８とを接続し、第８の開閉弁８９と第９の開閉弁９０とを接続させた後に真空引きし、その後に全て開いて（Ｓ３２）、通常の冷暖房運転を行う（Ｓ１０）。
【００６３】
このように方法であっても、３管式の室外機、室内機を接続した後に運転を行わせることで、一度の３管に残存した鉱油を除去することができ、作業負荷を大幅に減らすことができるとともに、通常運転時での信頼性も向上する。
【００６４】
【発明の効果】
このように、この発明では、第１の冷媒と第１の冷凍機油等の冷凍機油を使用していた３管式の冷凍・空調システムの既設配管を流用することにより、第２の冷媒と第２の冷凍機油を使用する冷凍・空調システムに、簡単に、かつ確実にリプレースすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 実施の形態１における空調・冷凍システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図２】 実施の形態１の空調・冷凍システムの冷媒回路図である。
【図３】 実施の形態１の空調・冷凍システムに異物捕獲器を取り付けた冷媒回路図である。
【図４】 配管長と能力との関係を示す図である。
【図５】 実施の形態２における空調・冷凍システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図６】 実施の形態２の空調・冷凍システムにオイルトラッパを取り付けた冷媒回路図である。
【図７】 冷媒充填量と吐出冷媒加熱度との関係を示す図である。
【図８】 実施の形態３における空調・冷凍システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図９】 実施の形態３の空調・冷凍システムに異物捕獲器を取り付けた冷媒回路図である。
【図１０】 実施の形態４における空調・冷凍システムのリプレース方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図１１】 実施の形態４の空調・冷凍システムにオイルトラッパを取り付けた冷媒回路図である。
【図１２】 従来の空調・冷凍システムの冷媒回路図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 室外機、 ２ 圧縮機、 ３ 四方弁、 ４ 熱源側熱交換器、
５ アキュムレータ、 ６ 第１の逆止弁、 ７ 配管、
８ 第２の逆止弁、 ９ 配管、 １０ 第３の逆止弁、 １１ 配管、
２０ 低圧ガス管、 ２１ 高圧ガス管、 ３０ 分流コントローラ、
３１ 気液分離器、 ３２ 配管、 ３３ 第１の絞り装置、 ３４ 配管、
３５ 第２の絞り装置、 ３６ 配管、 ３７ａ、３７ｂ 第１の電磁弁、
３８ 配管、 ３９ａ、３９ｂ 第２の電磁弁、
５０ａ、５０ｂ ガス枝管、 ５１ａ、５１ｂ 液枝管、
６０ａ、６０ｂ 室内機、 ６１ａ、６１ｂ 負荷側熱交換器、
６２ａ、６２ｂ 第３の絞り装置、 ７０ 第１の開閉弁、
７１ 第２の開閉弁、 ７２ 分岐管、 ７３ 第３の開閉弁、
７４ 分岐管、 ７５ 異物捕獲器、 ８０ オイルトラッパ、
８１ 返油用キャビラリチューブ、 油分離器、 ８３ 鉱油回収器、
８４ 冷媒熱交換器、 ８５ 第４の開閉弁、 ８６ 第５の開閉弁、
８７ 第６の開閉弁、 ８８ 第７の開閉弁、 ８９ 第８の開閉弁、
９０ 第９の開閉弁、 １００ 室外機、 １０１ 圧縮機、
１０２ 第１の電磁弁、 １０３ 熱源側熱交換器、
１０４ 第１の絞り装置、 １０５ 逆止弁、 １０６ アキュムレータ、
１０７ 第２の電磁弁、 ２００ａ、２００ｂ 室内機、
２０１ａ、２０１ｂ 枝液管、 ２０２ａ、２０２ｂ 第２の絞り装置、
２０３ａ、２０３ｂ 負荷側熱交換器、 ２０４ａ、２０４ｂ ガス枝管、
２０５ａ、２０５ｂ 低圧ガス管、 ２０６ａ、２０６ｂ 第３の電磁弁、
２０７ａ、２０７ｂ 高圧ガス管、 ２０８ａ、２０８ｂ 第４の電磁弁、
２０９ａ、２０９ｂ 冷媒コントローラ、 ３００ 高圧ガス管、
３０１ 低圧ガス管、 ３０２ 液管。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for replacing a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses R22 refrigerant and mineral oil with a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses R407C refrigerant and refrigeration oil such as ester oil, particularly in the refrigeration / air conditioning system. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 12 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a conventional three-tube connection air-conditioning / refrigeration system capable of simultaneous operation of cooling and heating in an indoor unit.
In FIG. 12, the air conditioning / refrigeration system includes an outdoor unit 100 and two indoor units 200a and 200b, and a high pressure gas pipe 300, a low pressure gas pipe 301, and a liquid pipe 302 that connect the outdoor unit 100 and the indoor units 200a and 200b. It is mainly composed. Further, the pipe diameters of these three pipes have the following relationship.
Pipe diameter of low-pressure gas pipe> Pipe diameter of high-pressure gas pipe> Pipe diameter of liquid pipe
The reason for this relationship is as follows.
(1) The reason for increasing the diameter of the low-pressure gas pipe than the high-pressure is that the density of the refrigerant in the pipe increases because the density of the low-pressure gas is smaller. Therefore, by designing it to be thick, the performance of the gas refrigerant in the low-pressure gas pipe is reduced by reducing the flow speed of the gas refrigerant, and the flow rate of the gas refrigerant in the high-pressure gas pipe is adjusted.
{Circle around (2)} The liquid is remarkably larger in density than the gas, and a thick tube is not necessary. In addition, it is necessary to limit the amount of flowing liquid refrigerant to a range that can be controlled by a throttle.
[0003]
In the outdoor unit 100, an accumulator 106 is connected to the suction side pipe of the compressor 101, the discharge side pipe of the compressor 101 is branched, and one pipe is connected to the heat source side heat exchanger via the first solenoid valve 102. The other pipe is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 300. Also, the suction side piping of the accumulator 106 is branched to connect one piping to the downstream side of the first electromagnetic valve 102 via the second electromagnetic valve 107, and the other piping is connected to the low pressure gas pipe 301. Yes. Further, a pipe in which the first expansion device 104 and the check valve 105 are connected in parallel is connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 103, and this pipe is connected to the liquid pipe 302.
[0004]
In addition, the indoor unit 200a partially extends from a housing (not shown) to the outside, and is connected to a liquid branch pipe 201a and a second throttle device 202a connected to the liquid branch pipe 201a. The load side heat exchanger 203a is connected to the second expansion device 202a by piping, and the gas branch pipe 204a is connected to the load side heat exchanger 203a. In this gas branch pipe 204a, one low-pressure gas branch pipe 205a is connected to the low-pressure gas pipe 301 via the third electromagnetic valve 206a, and the other high-pressure gas branch pipe 207a is connected to the fourth electromagnetic valve 208a. The refrigerant controller 209 a having a branch pipe connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 300 is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 300.
The indoor unit 200b and the refrigerant controller 209b have the same configuration as the indoor unit 200a and the refrigerant controller 209a.
[0005]
Next, the flow of the refrigerant during operation will be described.
When both the indoor units 200a and 200b perform the cooling operation, the first electromagnetic valve 102 is opened, the second electromagnetic valve 107 is closed, the third electromagnetic valves 206a and 206b are opened, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 208a. 208b and the compressor 101 is started.
In this case, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows to the heat source side heat exchanger 103 via the first solenoid valve 102, and after being condensed and liquefied, The flow is throttled to a low pressure by the second throttle devices 202a and 202b to become a gas-liquid two-phase state, evaporated and vaporized by the load side heat exchangers 203a and 203b, and the low pressure gas branch pipes 205a and 205b and the low pressure gas pipe 301. , And returns to the compressor 101 via the accumulator 106.
[0006]
When both the indoor units 200a and 200b perform the heating operation, the first electromagnetic valve 102 is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 107 is opened, the third electromagnetic valves 206a and 206b are closed, and the fourth electromagnetic valve is closed. The valves 208a and 208b are opened and the compressor 101 is started.
In this case, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 300, flows into the load-side heat exchangers 203a and 203b via the high-pressure gas branch pipes 207a and 207b, and is condensed and liquefied. After the pressure is reduced to the intermediate pressure by the second throttle devices 202a and 202b, it flows through the liquid pipe 302 via the liquid branch tubes 201a and 201b, and is throttled to the low pressure by the first throttle device 104 to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state. Then, it evaporates and vaporizes in the heat source side heat exchanger 103 and returns to the compressor 101 via the second electromagnetic valve 107 and the accumulator 106.
[0007]
When the indoor unit 200a is in cooling operation, the indoor unit 200b is in heating operation, and the heating load of the indoor unit 200b is smaller than the cooling load of the indoor unit 200a, the first electromagnetic valve 102 is opened, The electromagnetic valve 107 is closed, the third electromagnetic valve 206a is opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve 208a is closed, the third electromagnetic valve 206b is closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 208b is opened, and the compressor 101 is started.
[0008]
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 is condensed and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 103 via the first electromagnetic valve 102 and then flows through the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302. On the other hand, part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 300 and flows to the load-side heat exchanger 203b via the fourth electromagnetic valve 208b to be condensed and liquefied. . The liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 203b flows through the intermediate pressure liquid pipe via the liquid branch pipe 201b. Here, in the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302, the liquid refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit 100 and the liquid refrigerant flowing from the second indoor unit 200b merge and flow into the indoor unit 200a via the liquid branch pipe 201a. After being throttled to a low pressure by the expansion device 202 a, the load side heat exchanger 203 a evaporates and vaporizes, flows through the low pressure gas branch pipe 205 a and the low pressure gas pipe 301, and returns to the compressor 101 via the accumulator 106.
[0009]
When the indoor unit 200a is in cooling operation, the indoor unit 200b is in heating operation, and the heating load of the indoor unit 200b is larger than the cooling load of the indoor unit 200a, the first electromagnetic valve 102 is closed, The second solenoid valve 107 is opened, the third solenoid valve 206a is opened, the fourth solenoid valve 208a is closed, the third solenoid valve 206b is closed, the fourth solenoid valve 208b is opened, and the compressor 101 is started.
[0010]
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 300, flows into the load-side heat exchanger 203b via the fourth electromagnetic valve 208b, and is condensed and liquefied. This liquid refrigerant flows through the intermediate pressure liquid pipe 302 via the second expansion device 202b and the liquid branch pipe 201b. Note that. A part of the liquid refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe 302 flows to the load-side heat exchanger 203a via the liquid branch pipe 201a and the second expansion device 202a, evaporates and vaporizes, and the low-pressure gas branch pipe 205a and the low-pressure gas pipe 301, and returns to the compressor 101 via the accumulator 106. The remaining liquid refrigerant flowing through the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302 is throttled to a low pressure by the first throttle device 104, evaporated and vaporized by the heat source side heat exchanger 103, and then the second electromagnetic valve 107 and the accumulator 106. To return to the compressor 101.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional three-tube type air conditioning / refrigeration system as described above, R22 is used as the refrigerant, mineral oil is used as the refrigerating machine oil, the outdoor unit / indoor unit is used as the refrigerant, R407C is used as the refrigerant, and synthetic oil such as ester oil is used as the refrigerating machine oil. In order to wash the mineral oil adhering to the existing three pipes, either blow out with nitrogen gas one by one to eliminate the mineral oil, or remove two of the three pipes. Work to select and clean.
[0012]
However, with the method of blowing with nitrogen gas one by one, no matter how long the blowing time is, mineral oil will remain in the piping, so it can be mixed with ester oil after replacement, resulting in reliable operation. There was a problem that it might be damaged.
[0013]
In addition, the method of selecting and cleaning two at a time has a problem of requiring a lot of labor and time.
[0014]
This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject, and it aims at providing the method which can be easily replaced by the refrigerating and air-conditioning system which uses a new refrigerant | coolant and refrigerating machine oil using the existing 3 pipe | tube. It is said.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The replacement method of the refrigeration / air conditioning system according to the present invention includes a first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, and piping the heat source side heat exchanger. Through high pressure gas pipeOr a new high-pressure pipe that is one of a set of high-pressure gas pipe and liquid pipeConnect the four-way valve to the low-pressure gas pipe through the pipeNew low pressure pipeThe second outdoor unit is installed by connecting to a gas-liquid separator via a pipe.New high pressure pipeConnect to multiple valves via pipingNew low pressure pipeTo install a shunt controller, connect the expansion device to the gas-liquid separator via piping, and install multiple indoor units by connecting the load-side heat exchanger to multiple valves via piping A second step of evacuation, and a second refrigerant as a second outdoor unit, a second indoor unit, a shunt controller,New high pressure pipe,New low pressure pipeA third step of injecting into at least one ofA foreign matter trapping device that separates and collects the first refrigerating machine oil from the inflowing second refrigerant and then flows out only the gaseous second refrigerant is installed in a new low-pressure pipe, and the second refrigerant is connected to the shunt controller. By operating the second indoor unit for a certain period of time so that it flows into the four-way valve after flowing into the foreign matter trapping device from the valve, a new high-pressure pipe and a new low-pressure pipeAnd remaining in the second1And a fourth step of recovering the refrigerating machine oil.
[0017]
  The replacement method of the refrigeration / air conditioning system according to the present invention includes a first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, and piping the heat source side heat exchanger. Connect to a new high-pressure pipe that is either a high-pressure gas pipe or a set of a high-pressure gas pipe and a liquid pipe through a pipe, and connect the four-way valve to a new low-pressure pipe that is a low-pressure gas pipe through a pipe. The second outdoor unit is installed, the gas-liquid separator is connected to a new high-pressure pipe via a pipe, and a plurality of valves are connected to a new low-pressure pipe via a pipe to install a shunt controller. A second step of installing a plurality of indoor units by connecting a throttling device to a gas-liquid separator via a pipe and connecting a load side heat exchanger to a plurality of valves via a pipe; Second refrigerant, second outdoor unit, second indoor unit, shunt controller, new high pressure A third step of injecting at least one new low pressure pipe,
Oil recovery unit, oil separator, and oil trapper equipped with a refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant suction side piping of the oil recovery unit and the refrigerant discharge side piping of the oil separator Installed between the second outdoor unit and the shunt controller so that the refrigerant suction side pipe of the cooler is connected to a new low pressure pipe and the refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator is connected to a new high pressure pipe The second indoor unit is operated for a certain period of time so that the refrigerant discharged from the second outdoor unit flows through the oil separator and the refrigerant discharged from the shunt controller flows through the oil recovery unit. And a fourth step of recovering the first refrigerating machine oil remaining in the pipe and the new low-pressure pipe.
[0018]
  In the refrigeration / air conditioning system replacement method according to the present invention, the indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the first refrigerant and the first refrigerator oil are separated from the high pressure gas pipe, the low pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, The first step of connecting the indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the refrigeration oil of No. 2 to the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, evacuation, and the second refrigerant to the second outdoor unit, the second Indoor unit,RefrigerantThe second step of injecting into at least one of the controller, the high-pressure gas pipe, and the low-pressure gas pipe, and two branch pipes are installed in the low-pressure gas pipe, and a foreign substance capturing device is installed in the two branch pipes. The third step of causing the plurality of indoor units to be mixed with cooling and heating so that the entire cooling load is larger than the heating load for a certain time after flowing through the foreign matter trapping device. It was supposed to have.
[0019]
  In the refrigeration / air conditioning system replacement method according to the present invention, the indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the first refrigerant and the first refrigerator oil are separated from the high pressure gas pipe, the low pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, The first step of connecting the indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the refrigeration oil of No. 2 to the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, evacuation, and the second refrigerant to the second outdoor unit, the second Indoor unit,RefrigerantA second step of injecting into at least one of the controller, the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe or the liquid pipe; the low-pressure gas pipe, the high-pressure gas pipe and the liquid pipe; an oil recovery device; an oil separator; An oil trapper having a refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant suction side pipe of the condenser and the refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator, and the refrigerant suction side pipe of the oil collector is a low pressure gas pipe The refrigerant discharged from the outdoor unit is installed between the outdoor unit and the plurality of indoor units so that the pipe on the refrigerant discharge side of the oil separator is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe and the liquid pipe. A third step of operating the indoor unit for a certain period of time after flowing through the oil separator and allowing the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit to flow through the oil recovery unit is provided.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a replacement method for a refrigeration / air-conditioning system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 and 3 are configuration diagrams of the refrigeration / air conditioning system at the stage of the creation process.
[0021]
First, the R22 refrigerant conventionally used is recovered from the refrigeration / air conditioning system shown in FIG. 12 (step (hereinafter referred to as “S”) 1).
Next, the existing three-tube type outdoor unit / indoor unit is removed, and the two-tube type outdoor unit for R407C refrigerant is installed so as to be connected to the low-pressure gas pipe and the high-pressure gas pipe among the three existing pipes. (S2). Next, the shunt controller is connected to the low pressure gas pipe and the high pressure gas pipe, and the indoor unit is further connected to the shunt controller (S3). In addition, it will be in a completion state by the work so far.
[0022]
FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigeration / air conditioning system at the end of the operation up to this stage.
In FIG. 2, the outdoor unit 1 is connected to a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, a heat source side heat exchanger 4, and an accumulator 5. A pipe 7 having a first check valve 6 extends from the four-way valve 3 and is connected to a low-pressure gas pipe 20. A pipe 9 having a second check valve 8 is also connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 4. Extends and is connected to the high pressure gas pipe 21. Further, a pipe 11 having a third check valve 10 is connected between the low pressure gas pipe 20 side of the pipe 7 and the heat source side heat exchanger 4 side of the pipe 9, and the four-way valve 3 side of the pipe 7 is connected. A pipe 13 having a fourth check valve 12 is connected between the pipe 9 and the high-pressure gas pipe 21 side.
[0023]
A diversion controller 30 is connected to the low pressure gas pipe 20 and the high pressure gas pipe 21. The shunt controller 30 includes a gas-liquid separator 31 connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 21, a first throttling device 33 provided in a pipe 32 through which the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 31 flows, A second throttling device 35 provided in one pipe 34 branched from the gas pipe 20 and a second pipe 36 branched from the low-pressure gas pipe 20 branch, and a first electromagnetic valve 37a connected to one of the two pipes 36; And the first solenoid valve 37b connected to the other side, the pipe 38 through which the gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 31 flows, and the second solenoid valve 39a connected to one side and connected to the other side. A second electromagnetic valve 39b.
[0024]
Also, the pipes exiting from the first electromagnetic valve 37a and the second electromagnetic valve 39a merge to form a gas branch pipe 50a, which is connected to the indoor unit 60a, and the first electromagnetic valve 37b and the second electromagnetic valve 39b. The pipes that exit from the pipes merge to form a gas branch pipe 50b, which is connected to the indoor unit 60b. Further, the pipe 32 and the pipe 35 are once joined and then separated, and one liquid branch pipe 51a is connected to the indoor unit 60a, and the other liquid branch pipe 51b is connected to the indoor unit 60b.
[0025]
In the indoor unit 60a, the gas branch pipe 50a is connected to the load-side heat exchanger 61a, the liquid branch pipe 51a is connected to the third expansion device 62a, and the load-side heat exchanger 61a and the third expansion device 62a are further connected. Is connected to the pipe. Similarly, in the indoor unit 60b, the gas branch pipe 50b is connected to the load-side heat exchanger 61b, the liquid branch pipe 51b is connected to the third expansion device 62b, and the load-side heat exchanger 61b and the third throttle are connected. The device 62b is connected by piping.
[0026]
In S3, after the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is performed, a refrigerant pipe airtight test (S4) and a refrigerant pipe evacuation (S5) are sequentially performed, and thereafter, a necessary amount of R407C is charged into the refrigerant pipe ( S6). Thereafter, the foreign matter trap is installed in the low pressure gas pipe (S7), the flushing operation is performed, and the mineral oil remaining in the existing pipe is collected in the foreign matter trap (S8).
[0027]
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram after the execution of S7, in which a foreign substance trap is installed in the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 70 denotes a first on-off valve provided in the low-pressure gas pipe 20. The first on-off valve 70 is branched before and after the first on-off valve 70, and a branch pipe 72 having a second on-off valve 71, A branch pipe 74 having three open / close valves 73 is connected, and a foreign substance trap 75 is connected to the ends of the branch pipe 72 and the branch pipe 74.
[0028]
Next, a specific refrigerant flow in the flushing operation will be described with reference to FIG. In this flushing operation, the first solenoid valves 37a, 37b are opened, the second solenoid valves 39a, 39b are closed, the first on-off valve 70 is closed, the second on-off valve 71, the third on-off valve. The valve 73 is open.
[0029]
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 condenses and liquefies in the heat source side heat exchanger 4, and passes through the second check valve 8 to push the remaining mineral oil in the pipe while flowing through the high-pressure gas pipe 21. The flow flows through the gas-liquid separator 31 and the first throttling device 33 and the liquid branch pipes 51a and 51b in the flow dividing controller 30, and reaches the indoor units 60a and 60b. In the indoor units 60a and 60b, the refrigerant flows into the load side heat exchangers 61a and 61b via the third expansion devices 62a and 62b, and is evaporated and vaporized therein to become a gas refrigerant. This gas refrigerant flows through the gas branch pipes 50 a and 50 b, flows into the low-pressure gas pipe 20 through the first electromagnetic valves 37 a and 37 b, and flows into the foreign matter trap 75 through the third on-off valve 73.
[0030]
The foreign matter trap 75 separates the mineral oil recovered together with the refrigerant from the existing piping, and only the gas refrigerant flows out through the second on-off valve 71, and passes through the check valve 6, the four-way valve 3, and the accumulator 5. To return to the compressor 2. By performing such an operation for a predetermined time, the mineral oil in the existing piping can be collected in the foreign matter trap 75.
[0031]
In addition, after performing the flushing operation in S8, the foreign matter trap 70, the branch pipe 72, the branch pipe 74, and the first on-off valve 70 are separated and the collected foreign matter is configured by configuring the refrigerant circuit diagram shown in FIG. The air-conditioning / refrigeration system is discharged (S9), and normal operation is started (S10).
[0032]
In the refrigerant circuit diagram shown in FIG. 2, when performing the cooling operation, first, the first electromagnetic valves 37a and 37b are opened, the second electromagnetic valves 39a and 39b are closed, and the compressor 2 is driven. . As a result, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 2 is condensed and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 4 to become a liquid refrigerant, flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 21, the gas-liquid separator 31 of the shunt controller 30, and the first refrigerant. After flowing into the indoor units 60a and 60b through the expansion device 33 and the liquid branch pipes 51a and 51b, and being reduced to a low pressure by the third expansion devices 62a and 62b, they are evaporated and vaporized by the load side heat exchangers 61a and 61b. To do. The gas refrigerant evaporated and vaporized in the load side heat exchangers 61a and 61b flows through the gas branch pipes 50a and 50b, and then flows into the low pressure gas pipe 20 via the first electromagnetic valves 37a and 37b. 6, it returns to the compressor 2 through the four-way valve 3 and the accumulator 5.
[0033]
When performing the heating operation, first, the second electromagnetic valves 39a and 39b are opened, the first electromagnetic valves 37a and 37b are closed, and the compressor 2 is driven. As a result, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 2 flows into the gas-liquid separator 31 of the shunt controller 30 via the four-way valve 3, the fourth check valve 12, and the high-pressure gas pipe 21. The gas refrigerant flows from the gas-liquid separator 31 to the pipe 38, and flows to the indoor units 60a and 60b via the second electromagnetic valves 39a and 39b and the gas branch pipes 50a and 50b. In the indoor units 60a and 60b, condensation and liquefaction are performed by the load side heat exchangers 61a and 61b, and after the third expansion devices 62a and 62b are throttled to an intermediate pressure, they flow through the liquid branch pipes 51a and 51b. It is throttled to a low pressure by the device 35 to become a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, flows through the low-pressure gas pipe 20, evaporates and vaporizes in the heat source side heat exchanger 4 via the third check valve 10, and the four-way valve 3 and accumulator. Return to the compressor 2 via 5.
[0034]
Further, when the indoor unit 60a is in the cooling operation, the indoor unit 60b is in the heating operation, and the cooling load of the indoor unit 60a is larger than the heating load of the indoor unit 60b, the first electromagnetic valve 37a and the second electromagnetic valve The valve 39b is opened, the first electromagnetic valve 37b and the second electromagnetic valve 39a are closed, and the compressor 2 is driven. As a result, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 2 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 4 via the four-way valve 3 and is condensed until it reaches an appropriate dryness, and becomes a high-temperature / high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state. Thereafter, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 21 via the second check valve 8 and flows into the gas-liquid separator 31 of the flow dividing controller 30. Since the high-pressure gas pipe 21 is used as a liquid pipe, the pipe diameter is larger than that of a normal two-pipe air conditioner. As a result, the gas-liquid two from the outdoor unit 1 to the shunt controller 30 is increased. Even if the refrigerant in the phase state flows, the high pressure of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the diversion controller 30 can be maintained.
[0035]
In the gas-liquid separator 31 of the shunt controller 30, the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are separated, and the gas refrigerant flows to the indoor unit 60b through the pipe 38, the second electromagnetic valve 39b, and the gas branch pipe 50b. In the indoor unit 60b, it is condensed and liquefied by the load-side heat exchanger 61b, becomes an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant by the third expansion device 62b, flows through the liquid branch pipe 51b, and is separated by the gas-liquid separator 31. The liquid refrigerant is squeezed to the intermediate pressure by the first throttling device 33, and flows through the liquid branch pipe 51a into the indoor unit 60a. In the indoor unit 60a, after being throttled to a low pressure by the third throttle device 62a, it is evaporated and vaporized by the load side heat exchanger 61a, flows through the gas branch pipe 50a and the first electromagnetic valve 37a, and passes through the low pressure gas pipe 20 The flow returns to the compressor 2 via the first check valve 6, the four-way valve 3, and the accumulator 5.
[0036]
FIG. 4 shows the piping from the outdoor unit 1 to the shunt controller 30 when a high-pressure gas pipe is used as a liquid pipe among the existing three pipes and when a liquid pipe used for two general pipes is used. It is a figure which shows the change of the heating capability in the load side heat exchanger 61 with respect to the change of length. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the heating capacity decreases as the length of the pipe increases, but the case where a high-pressure gas pipe with a large pipe diameter is used is described before the use of a general liquid pipe. Thus, the pressure loss is low, so that the condensation pressure when heating is increased, and the decrease in heating capacity can be reduced.
[0037]
When the indoor unit 60a is in cooling operation, the indoor unit 60b is in heating operation, and the heating load of the indoor unit 60b is larger than the cooling load of the indoor unit 60a, the first electromagnetic valve 37a and the second electromagnetic valve The valve 39b is opened, the first electromagnetic valve 37b and the second electromagnetic valve 39a are closed, and the compressor 2 is driven. As a result, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 2 flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 21 via the four-way valve 3 and the fourth check valve 12 and flows into the gas-liquid separator 31 of the shunt controller 30. Thereafter, the gas refrigerant flows out from the pipe 38 and flows into the indoor unit 60b through the second electromagnetic valve 39b and the gas branch pipe 50b. In the indoor unit 60b, it is condensed and liquefied by the load-side heat exchanger 61b, becomes an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant by the third expansion device 62b, and then flows through the liquid branch pipe 51b.
[0038]
Part of the liquid refrigerant that has flowed through the liquid branch pipe 51 b flows through the low-pressure gas pipe 20 via the second expansion device 35. Further, the remainder flows into the indoor unit 60a through the liquid branch pipe 51a. In the indoor unit 60a, the pressure is reduced to a low pressure by the third expansion device 62a, evaporated and vaporized by the load side heat exchanger 61a to become a gas refrigerant, and the low pressure gas pipe is passed through the gas branch pipe 50a and the first electromagnetic valve 37a. 20 flows. The refrigerant flowing through the low-pressure gas pipe 20 evaporates and evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger 4 via the third check valve 10 and returns to the compressor 2 via the four-way valve 3 and the accumulator 5.
[0039]
Even in this case, since the high-pressure gas pipe 21 is used as the liquid pipe, the pressure loss in the pipe from the outdoor unit 1 to the branch flow controller 30 can be made smaller than a normal liquid pipe having a small pipe diameter. Since the condensing pressure in the load side heat exchanger 61b can be maintained high, the heating capacity can be sufficiently exhibited.
[0040]
As described above, among the air conditioning / refrigeration system in which the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected by the three refrigerant pipes, only the high-pressure gas pipe and the low-pressure gas pipe are used and replaced with the two-pipe air conditioning / refrigeration system. Thus, the R22 refrigerating machine oil remaining in the pipe can be easily removed, sludge generation and deterioration of the refrigerating machine oil can be prevented, and a highly reliable air conditioning / refrigeration system can be achieved.
[0041]
Moreover, the simultaneous cooling and heating operation is possible, and the capability deterioration of the heating indoor unit when performing the simultaneous cooling and heating operation can be reduced.
[0042]
Furthermore, cost and construction time can be shortened by diverting existing piping.
[0043]
  Of the existing three pipes connecting the outdoor unit and the indoor unit, two high pressure gas pipes and one intermediate pressure liquid pipe are used as a liquid pipe.Low pressure gas pipeA gas pipe may be used to create a two-pipe air conditioning / refrigeration system.
  In S8, the first on-off valve 70 is simply opened, the second on-off valve 71, the third on-off valve 70, without disconnecting the foreign matter catcher 70, the branch pipe 72, the branch pipe 74, and the first on-off valve 70. The on-off valve 73 may be simply closed. In this way, it is possible to execute foreign object capture again with a simple operation.
[0044]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a replacement method of the refrigeration / air-conditioning system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 1, mineral oil in the pipe is removed using an oil trap instead of the foreign matter trap. It is what you do.
In FIG. 5, S1 to S6 are the same as those in FIG.
After the refrigerant charge is completed in S6, an oil trap is connected (S11).
[0045]
FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air conditioning / refrigeration system at the time when S11 is completed. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG.
In FIG. 6, reference numeral 80 denotes an oil trap, which is connected to the outdoor unit 1 via the pipe 7 and the fourth on-off valve 85 via the pipe 9 and the fifth on-off valve 86. The high-pressure gas pipe 21 is connected to the seventh on-off valve 88 through the sixth on-off valve 87.
[0046]
The oil trap 80 includes an oil return cavities tube 81 provided in one pipe branched from a pipe connected to the fourth on-off valve 85, an oil separator 82 connected to the pipe, a mineral oil It has a refrigerant heat exchanger 84 for exchanging heat between a pipe connecting the recovery unit 83 and the low pressure gas pipe 20 and a pipe connecting the oil separator 82 and the high pressure gas pipe 21.
[0047]
Next, a flushing operation is performed (S12). The flow of the refrigerant in this operation will be described with reference to FIG.
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 exchanges heat to the extent that it does not condense in the heat source side heat exchanger 4 and remains in a gas state via the second check valve 8 and the fifth on-off valve 86. Into the oil separator 82. In the oil separator 82, the R407C refrigerating machine oil taken out together with the refrigerant gas from the compressor 2 is separated, and only the gas refrigerant flows to the refrigerant heat exchanger 84. In addition, the R407C refrigerating machine oil separated by the oil separator 82 returns to the compressor 2 via the oil return cabinet 81 and the fourth on-off valve 85. Further, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has reached the refrigerant heat exchanger 84 from the oil separator 82 is condensed and liquefied in the refrigerant heat exchanger 84 until it becomes a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant having an appropriate dryness. The mineral oil that flows into the high-pressure gas pipe 21 through the open / close valve 88 is pushed away and flows into the diversion controller 30.
[0048]
In the diversion controller 30, the liquid branch pipes 51a and 51b flow through the gas-liquid separator 31 and the first throttling device 33, and flow into the indoor units 60a and 60b. In the indoor units 60a and 60b, the flow passes through the third expansion devices 62a and 62b to the load-side heat exchangers 61a and 61b, further flows through the gas branch pipes 50a and 50b, and the first electromagnetic valves 37a and 37b. The refrigerant heat exchanger 84 evaporates and vaporizes through the sixth on-off valve 87 while flowing down the low-pressure gas pipe 20 through the mineral oil remaining in the low-pressure gas pipe 20 and flows into the mineral oil collector 83. In the mineral oil collector 83, the mineral oil is separated, and only the gas refrigerant flows into the outdoor unit 1 through the fourth on-off valve 85. The gas refrigerant flowing into the outdoor unit 1 returns to the compressor 2 via the first check valve 6, the four-way valve 2, and the accumulator 5.
[0049]
After performing this flushing operation for a predetermined time, the fourth on-off valve 85, the fifth on-off valve 86, the sixth on-off valve 87, and the seventh on-off valve 88 are closed, the oil trap 80 is removed, and the fourth on-off valve 85 and the sixth on-off valve 87, and the fifth on-off valve 86 and the seventh on-off valve 88 are connected to obtain a circuit equivalent to the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. 2 (S13). Cooling / heating operation is performed (S10).
[0050]
In addition, as shown in the relationship diagram of the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 7 and the degree of heating of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor when the flushing operation is performed by the air conditioner, the degree of heating of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is Since the refrigerant filling amount tends to decrease, the length of the existing piping is unknown by adjusting the refrigerant filling amount so that the degree of heating of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor becomes 30 to 60 deg. The refrigerant charging amount can be made appropriate.
[0051]
Even with such a method, the R22 refrigerating machine oil remaining in the pipe can be removed with a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and there is no sludge generation or deterioration of the refrigerating machine oil. it can.
[0052]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first and second embodiments, two of the existing three pipes are used to replace the new air conditioning / refrigeration system. However, all the existing three pipes are used to replace the new air conditioning / refrigeration system. Of course it is good.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method of replacing an air conditioning / refrigeration system using three tubes.
First, the conventionally used R22 refrigerant is recovered from the refrigeration / air conditioning system shown in FIG. 13 (S1). Next, the three-pipe outdoor unit for R22 refrigerant and the indoor unit are removed, and the three-pipe outdoor unit for R407C refrigerant and the indoor unit are installed so as to be connected to the three existing pipes (S20). By this operation, the refrigerant circuit similar to the conventional one shown in FIG. 12 is obtained. Next, the refrigerant pipe airtight test (S4) and the refrigerant pipe evacuation (S5) are sequentially performed to charge the refrigerant pipe with a necessary amount of R407C (S6). Thereafter, a foreign matter trap is installed (S21), a flushing operation is performed, and the mineral oil remaining in the existing pipe is collected in the foreign matter trap (S22).
[0053]
FIG. 9 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in a state where a foreign matter trap is installed in S21. In FIG. 9, the same components as those in FIGS. 3 and 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In FIG. 3, a first on-off valve 70 is provided in the low-pressure gas pipe 301, the low-pressure gas pipe 301 before and after the first on-off valve is branched, a branch pipe 72 having a second on-off valve 71, and a third on-off valve 73. The branch pipe 74 is connected, and the foreign substance trap 75 is connected to the branch pipe 72 and the branch pipe 74.
[0054]
Next, the flushing operation is performed with the configuration of the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 9 (S22).
The flushing operation is to operate the refrigeration / air-conditioning system for a predetermined period with a setting in which the cooling operation and the heating operation are mixed and the cooling load capacity is larger than the heating load capacity. For example, the indoor unit 200a is in the cooling operation, the indoor unit 200b is in the heating operation, the heating load of the indoor unit 200b is set smaller than the cooling load of the indoor unit 200a, the first electromagnetic valve 102 is opened, and the second The electromagnetic valve 107 is closed, the third electromagnetic valve 206a is opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve 208a is closed, the third electromagnetic valve 206b is closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 208b is opened, and the compressor 101 is started.
[0055]
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 is condensed and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 103 via the first electromagnetic valve 102, then flows through the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302 and remains in the liquid pipe 302. To wash away mineral oil. On the other hand, a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows through the high-pressure gas pipe 300, pushes away the mineral oil remaining in the high-pressure gas pipe 300, and passes through the fourth solenoid valve 208b to the load side. It flows into the heat exchanger 203b and is condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 203b flows through the intermediate pressure liquid pipe via the liquid branch pipe 201b. Here, in the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302, the refrigerant liquid flowing from the outdoor unit 100 and the refrigerant liquid flowing from the second indoor unit 200b merge to flow to the indoor unit 200a via the liquid branch pipe 201a, and the restriction 202a After being throttled to a low pressure, the load side heat exchanger 203 a evaporates and vaporizes, flows through the low pressure gas branch pipe 205 a and the low pressure gas pipe 301, and flows into the foreign matter trap 75 through the third on-off valve 73. In the foreign matter trap 75, the gas refrigerant and mineral oil are separated, and only the gas refrigerant flows through the second on-off valve 71 and returns to the compressor 101 through the accumulator 106.
[0056]
In addition, after performing this operation for a predetermined time, the third electromagnetic valve 206a is closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 208a is opened, the second expansion device 202a is opened, and the third electromagnetic valve 206a is opened while the compressor 101 is operated. When the solenoid valve 206b is opened, the fourth solenoid valve 208b is closed, and the second throttle device 202b is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed through the high-pressure gas pipe 300 passes through the fourth solenoid valve 108a. It flows into the load side heat exchanger 203a, condenses and liquefies here, is depressurized to an intermediate pressure by the second expansion device 202a, flows through the liquid branch pipe 201a, and then flows through the liquid branch pipe 201a in the heat source side heat exchanger 103. It merges with the condensed and liquefied liquid refrigerant and flows to the liquid branch pipe 201b. The liquid refrigerant that has flowed through the liquid branch pipe 201b is throttled to a low pressure by the second expansion device 202b, becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the load-side heat exchanger 203b. And flows through the low pressure gas branch pipe 205b and the low pressure gas pipe 301 via the third electromagnetic valve 206b, and flows into the foreign matter trap 75 via the third on-off valve 73. In the foreign matter trap 75, the gas refrigerant and mineral oil are separated, and only the gas refrigerant flows through the second on-off valve 71 and returns to the compressor 101 through the accumulator 106.
[0057]
After performing the flushing operation in S22, the foreign matter trap 70, the branch pipe 72, the branch pipe 74, and the first on-off valve 70 are separated, and the collected foreign matter is configured by configuring the refrigerant circuit diagram shown in FIG. The air-conditioning / refrigeration system is discharged (S23), and normal operation is started (S10).
[0058]
In this way, after connecting the three-pipe outdoor unit and the indoor unit, the heating and cooling are mixed, and the cooling load is made larger than the heating load, so that the three pipes remain in one pipe at a time. Mineral oil can be removed, the work load can be greatly reduced, and reliability during normal operation is also improved.
[0059]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a method for replacing the air-conditioning / refrigeration system using the three tubes in the fourth embodiment. In the replacement method shown in FIG. 8, an oil strap is used instead of the foreign matter trap. is there.
In FIG. 10, first, the refrigerant charging is performed by the same method as in FIG.
Thereafter, an oil trap is connected (S30).
FIG. 11 is a refrigerant circuit diagram after the oil trap is connected in S30. In FIG. 11, the same components as those in FIGS. 13 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0060]
In FIG. 11, the discharge-side pipe of the compressor 101 is branched to provide a fourth on-off valve 85 for the pipe, a fifth on-off valve 86 for the pipe connected to the accumulator 106, and an eighth for the pipe connected to the throttle 104. The on-off valve 89 is further provided, and the pipe ahead of the fourth on-off valve 85 and the pipe ahead of the eighth on-off valve 89 are merged. Further, the pipe connected to the mineral oil recovery unit 83 is connected to the low pressure gas pipe 301 via the sixth on-off valve 87, the pipe connected to the oil separator 82 is branched, and one side is connected to the seventh on-off valve 88. The other is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 300 via the ninth on-off valve 90.
[0061]
In S30, after the oil trap is connected, the flushing operation is performed (S31).
In this flushing operation, the compressor 101 is driven, and high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is caused to flow to the oil trap 80 via the fourth on-off valve 85. The gas refrigerant that has flowed to the oil trap 80 flows to the oil separator 82, separates the ester oil contained in the refrigerant gas, and flows only the refrigerant gas to the refrigerant heat exchanger 84. The gas refrigerant that has flowed to the refrigerant heat exchanger 84 is condensed and liquefied to an appropriate dryness, and a part of this gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows to the high-pressure gas pipe 300 via the sixth on-off valve 87 and remains. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate-pressure liquid pipe 302 via the ninth on-off valve 90. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed to the high pressure gas pipe 300 flows to the low pressure gas pipe 301 via the fourth solenoid valves 208a and 208b and the third solenoid valves 206a and 206b. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing through the intermediate pressure liquid pipe 302 flows into the low pressure gas pipe 301 via the second expansion devices 202a and 202b and the load side heat exchangers 203a and 203b. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed through the low-pressure gas pipe 301 reaches the oil trap 80, is evaporated and vaporized by the refrigerant heat exchanger 84, and flows into the mineral oil collector 83. The mineral oil recovery unit 83 separates the mineral oil in the gas refrigerant, and only the gas refrigerant flows out, and returns to the compressor 101 via the fifth on-off valve 86 and the accumulator 106.
[0062]
After performing the flushing operation for a predetermined time, the fourth on-off valve 85, the fifth on-off valve 86, the sixth on-off valve 87, the seventh on-off valve 88, the eighth on-off valve 89, the ninth After closing the on-off valve 90 and removing the oil trap 80, the fourth on-off valve 85 and the sixth on-off valve 87 are connected, the fifth on-off valve 86 and the seventh on-off valve 88 are connected, After connecting the eight on-off valve 89 and the ninth on-off valve 90, vacuuming is performed, and then all the valves are opened (S32), and normal cooling / heating operation is performed (S10).
[0063]
Even if it is a method like this, it is possible to remove the mineral oil remaining in the three pipes at a time by operating after connecting the three-pipe outdoor unit and the indoor unit, greatly reducing the work load. As well as improved reliability during normal operation.
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, in the present invention, the second refrigerant and the second refrigerant are obtained by diverting the existing piping of the three-pipe refrigeration / air-conditioning system that uses the first refrigerant and the first refrigerating machine oil. The refrigeration / air-conditioning system using the refrigerating machine oil 2 can be easily and reliably replaced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for replacing an air conditioning / refrigeration system in a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air conditioning / refrigeration system according to the first embodiment.
3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in which a foreign matter trap is attached to the air-conditioning / refrigeration system of Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between pipe length and capacity.
5 is a flowchart showing a method for replacing an air conditioning / refrigeration system in Embodiment 2. FIG.
6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in which an oil trapper is attached to the air-conditioning / refrigeration system of Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a refrigerant filling amount and a discharge refrigerant heating degree.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method for replacing an air conditioning / refrigeration system in a third embodiment.
9 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in which a foreign matter trap is attached to the air-conditioning / refrigeration system of Embodiment 3. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a method for replacing an air conditioning / refrigeration system in a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in which an oil trapper is attached to the air-conditioning / refrigeration system according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional air conditioning / refrigeration system.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 outdoor unit, 2 compressor, 3 four-way valve, 4 heat source side heat exchanger,
5 accumulator, 6 first check valve, 7 piping,
8 Second check valve, 9 Piping, 10 Third check valve, 11 Piping,
20 low pressure gas pipe, 21 high pressure gas pipe, 30 split flow controller,
31 gas-liquid separator, 32 piping, 33 first throttling device, 34 piping,
35 second throttle device, 36 piping, 37a, 37b first solenoid valve,
38 piping, 39a, 39b second solenoid valve,
50a, 50b gas branch pipe, 51a, 51b liquid branch pipe,
60a, 60b indoor unit, 61a, 61b load side heat exchanger,
62a, 62b third throttle device, 70 first on-off valve,
71 second on-off valve, 72 branch pipe, 73 third on-off valve,
74 branch pipe, 75 foreign matter catcher, 80 oil trapper,
81 Cavity tube for oil return, oil separator, 83 mineral oil collector,
84 refrigerant heat exchanger, 85 fourth open / close valve, 86 fifth open / close valve,
87 sixth on-off valve, 88 seventh on-off valve, 89 eighth on-off valve,
90 ninth on-off valve, 100 outdoor unit, 101 compressor,
102 1st solenoid valve, 103 heat source side heat exchanger,
104 first throttle device, 105 check valve, 106 accumulator,
107 2nd solenoid valve, 200a, 200b indoor unit,
201a, 201b branch liquid pipe, 202a, 202b second throttle device,
203a, 203b load side heat exchanger, 204a, 204b gas branch pipe,
205a, 205b low pressure gas pipe, 206a, 206b third solenoid valve,
207a, 207b high pressure gas pipe, 208a, 208b fourth solenoid valve,
209a, 209b refrigerant controller, 300 high pressure gas pipe,
301 Low pressure gas pipe, 302 liquid pipe.

Claims (6)

第１の冷凍機油を備えた第１の室外機と、複数の第１の室内機と、前記第１の室外機と前記第１の室内機とを接続する高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管の３つの配管と、第１の冷媒とを有し、管径が液管、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管の順に太くなることを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムを、前記高圧ガス管を新たな高圧管として使用し、前記低圧ガス管を新たな低圧管として使用して、圧縮機と、四方弁と、熱源側熱交換器と、第２の冷凍機油とを備えた第２の室外機と、気液分離器と、複数の弁とを備えた分流コントローラと、絞り装置と負荷側熱交換器とを備えた複数の第２の室内機と、第２の冷媒とを有し、前記第２の室内機が冷房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離された液冷媒をこの冷房運転する前記第２の室内機に流し、前記第２の室内機が暖房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離されたガス冷媒をこの暖房運転する前記第２の室内機に流す冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の室外機、及び前記第１の室内機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から取り外す第１の工程と、
前記熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して前記高圧ガス管である新たな高圧管に接続し、前記四方弁を配管を介して前記低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで前記第２の室外機を設置し、前記気液分離器を配管を介して前記新たな高圧管に接続し、前記複数の弁を配管を介して前記新たな低圧管に接続することで前記分流コントローラを設置し、前記絞り装置を配管を介して前記気液分離器に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して前記複数の弁に接続することで前記複数の第２の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記分流コントローラ、前記新たな高圧管、前記新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、
流入する前記第２の冷媒から前記第１の冷凍機油を分離して回収した後にガス状の前記第２の冷媒のみを流出する異物捕獲装置を前記新たな低圧管に設置し、前記第２の冷媒が前記分流コントローラの前記弁から前記異物捕獲装置に流入した後に前記四方弁に流れるように前記第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、前記新たな高圧管と前記新たな低圧管とに残留する前記第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。A first outdoor unit including a first refrigerating machine oil, a plurality of first indoor units, a high-pressure gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe, and a liquid that connect the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit A refrigeration / air-conditioning system having three pipes and a first refrigerant and having a pipe diameter that increases in the order of a liquid pipe, a high-pressure gas pipe, and a low- pressure gas pipe . A second outdoor unit including a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerating machine oil, using the low pressure gas pipe as a new low pressure pipe. A diversion controller including a gas-liquid separator, a plurality of valves, a plurality of second indoor units including a throttle device and a load-side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant, when the second indoor unit to the cooling operation, flows the separated liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator to the second indoor unit to drive the cooling, before When the second indoor unit to the heating operation, the refrigeration and air conditioning systems to replace the gas refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator in the refrigeration and air-conditioning system to flow into the second indoor unit to operate the heating A replacement method,
A first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
The heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a new high-pressure pipe that is the high-pressure gas pipe via a pipe , and the four-way valve is connected to a new low-pressure pipe that is the low-pressure gas pipe via a pipe . 2 is installed, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the new high-pressure pipe via a pipe , and the plurality of valves are connected to the new low-pressure pipe via a pipe. And installing the plurality of second indoor units by connecting the throttle device to the gas-liquid separator via a pipe and connecting the load side heat exchanger to the plurality of valves via a pipe. A second step of:
A third step of evacuating and injecting the second refrigerant into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the shunt controller, the new high pressure pipe , and the new low pressure pipe When,
A foreign matter capturing device for separating only the second refrigerant in a gaseous form after separating and collecting the first refrigerating machine oil from the second refrigerant flowing in is installed in the new low-pressure pipe, and the second The second high-pressure pipe and the new low-pressure pipe are operated by operating the second indoor unit for a predetermined time so that the refrigerant flows from the valve of the shunt controller into the foreign matter capturing device and then flows into the four-way valve. fourth replacement method of the refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, characterized by a step of recovering the first refrigeration oil remaining in and. 第１の冷凍機油を備えた第１の室外機と、複数の第１の室内機と、前記第１の室外機と前記第１の室内機とを接続する高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管の３つの配管と、第１の冷媒とを有し、管径が液管、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管の順に太くなることを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムを、前記高圧ガス管と前記液管とからなる一組を新たな高圧管として使用し、前記低圧ガス管を新たな低圧管として使用して、圧縮機と、四方弁と、熱源側熱交換器と、第２の冷凍機油とを備えた第２の室外機と、気液分離器と、複数の弁とを備えた分流コントローラと、絞り装置と負荷側熱交換器とを備えた複数の第２の室内機と、第２の冷媒とを有し、前記第２の室内機が冷房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離された液冷媒をこの冷房運転する前記第２の室内機に流し、前記第２の室内機が暖房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離されたガス冷媒をこの暖房運転する前記第２の室内機に流す冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の室外機、及び前記第１の室内機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から取り外す第１の工程と、
前記熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して前記高圧ガス管と前記液管とからなる一組である新たな高圧管に接続し、前記四方弁を配管を介して前記低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで前記第２の室外機を設置し、前記気液分離器を配管を介して前記新たな高圧管に接続し、前記複数の弁を配管を介して前記新たな低圧管に接続することで前記分流コントローラを設置し、前記絞り装置を配管を介して前記気液分離器に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して前記複数の弁に接続することで前記複数の第２の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記分流コントローラ、前記新たな高圧管、前記新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、
流入する前記第２の冷媒から前記第１の冷凍機油を分離して回収した後にガス状の前記第２の冷媒のみを流出する異物捕獲装置を前記新たな低圧管に設置し、前記第２の冷媒が前記分流コントローラの前記弁から前記異物捕獲装置に流入した後に前記四方弁に流れるように前記第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、前記新たな高圧管と前記新たな低圧管とに残留する前記第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。 A first outdoor unit including a first refrigerating machine oil, a plurality of first indoor units, a high-pressure gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe, and a liquid that connect the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit A refrigeration / air-conditioning system having three pipes of a pipe and a first refrigerant and having a pipe diameter that increases in the order of a liquid pipe, a high-pressure gas pipe, and a low-pressure gas pipe. A set of liquid pipes is used as a new high-pressure pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe is used as a new low-pressure pipe, a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerating machine oil A second outdoor unit comprising: a gas-liquid separator; a shunt controller comprising a plurality of valves; a plurality of second indoor units comprising a throttling device and a load-side heat exchanger; In the case where the second indoor unit performs a cooling operation, the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator is cooled before the cooling operation. When the second indoor unit is heated for the heating operation, the gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator is allowed to flow to the second indoor unit for the heating operation. A replacement method for a refrigeration / air conditioning system that replaces the system,
A first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
The heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a new high-pressure pipe that is a set of the high-pressure gas pipe and the liquid pipe via a pipe, and the four-way valve is a new low-pressure gas pipe that is a pipe. The second outdoor unit is installed by connecting to a low pressure pipe, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the new high pressure pipe via a pipe, and the plurality of valves are connected to the new low pressure pipe via a pipe. Connecting the flow controller to the gas-liquid separator via a pipe, and connecting the load-side heat exchanger to the plurality of valves via a pipe. A second step of installing a plurality of second indoor units;
A third step of evacuating and injecting the second refrigerant into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the shunt controller, the new high pressure pipe, and the new low pressure pipe When,
A foreign matter capturing device for separating only the second refrigerant in a gaseous form after separating and collecting the first refrigerating machine oil from the second refrigerant flowing in is installed in the new low-pressure pipe, and the second The second high-pressure pipe and the new low-pressure pipe are operated by operating the second indoor unit for a predetermined time so that the refrigerant flows from the valve of the shunt controller into the foreign matter capturing device and then flows into the four-way valve. And a fourth step of recovering the first refrigerating machine oil remaining in the refrigeration / air conditioning system. 第１の冷凍機油を備えた第１の室外機と、複数の第１の室内機と、前記第１の室外機と前記第１の室内機とを接続する高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管の３つの配管と、第１の冷媒とを有し、管径が液管、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管の順に太くなることを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムを、前記高圧ガス管を新たな高圧管として使用し、前記低圧ガス管を新たな低圧管として使用して、圧縮機と、四方弁と、熱源側熱交換器と、第２の冷凍機油とを備えた第２の室外機と、気液分離器と、複数の弁とを備えた分流コントローラと、絞り装置と負荷側熱交換器とを備えた複数の第２の室内機と、第２の冷媒とを有し、前記第２の室内機が冷房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離された液冷媒をこの冷房運転する前記第２の室内機に流し、前記第２の室内機が暖房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離されたガス冷媒をこの暖房運転する前記第２の室内機に流す冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の室外機、及び前記第１の室内機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から取り外す第１の工程と、
前記熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して前記高圧ガス管である新たな高圧管に接続し、前記四方弁を配管を介して前記低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで前記第２の室外機を設置し、前記気液分離器を配管を介して前記新たな高圧管に接続し、前記複数の弁を配管を介して前記新たな低圧管に接続することで前記分流コントローラを設置し、前記絞り装置を配管を介して前記気液分離器に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して前記複数の弁に接続することで前記複数の第２の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記分流コントローラ、前記新たな高圧管、前記新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、
油回収器、油分離器、および前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管と前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器を備えたオイルトラッパを、前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管が前記新たな低圧管に接続され、前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管が前記新たな高圧管に接続されるように、前記第２の室外機と前記分流コントローラとの間に設置し、前記第２の室外機から吐き出される冷媒が前記油分離器を流れ、前記分流コントローラから吐き出される冷媒が前記油回収器を流れるように、前記第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、前記新たな高圧管と前記新たな低圧管とに残留する前記第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。 A first outdoor unit including a first refrigerating machine oil, a plurality of first indoor units, a high-pressure gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe, and a liquid that connect the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit A refrigeration / air-conditioning system having three pipes and a first refrigerant and having a pipe diameter that increases in the order of a liquid pipe, a high-pressure gas pipe, and a low-pressure gas pipe. A second outdoor unit including a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerating machine oil, using the low pressure gas pipe as a new low pressure pipe. A diversion controller including a gas-liquid separator, a plurality of valves, a plurality of second indoor units including a throttle device and a load-side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant, When the second indoor unit performs cooling operation, the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator is caused to flow to the second indoor unit that performs cooling operation, When the second indoor unit performs a heating operation, a refrigeration / air conditioning system that replaces the gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator with a refrigeration / air conditioning system that flows to the second indoor unit that performs the heating operation. A replacement method,
A first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
The heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a new high-pressure pipe that is the high-pressure gas pipe via a pipe, and the four-way valve is connected to a new low-pressure pipe that is the low-pressure gas pipe via a pipe. 2 is installed, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the new high-pressure pipe via a pipe, and the plurality of valves are connected to the new low-pressure pipe via a pipe. And installing the plurality of second indoor units by connecting the throttle device to the gas-liquid separator via a pipe and connecting the load side heat exchanger to the plurality of valves via a pipe. A second step of:
A third step of evacuating and injecting the second refrigerant into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the shunt controller, the new high pressure pipe, and the new low pressure pipe When,
An oil trapper comprising an oil collector, an oil separator, and a refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a refrigerant suction side pipe of the oil collector and a refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator, The second outdoor unit is connected so that a pipe on the refrigerant suction side of the oil recovery unit is connected to the new low-pressure pipe, and a pipe on the refrigerant discharge side of the oil separator is connected to the new high-pressure pipe. The second indoor unit is installed between the second flow controller and the refrigerant discharged from the second outdoor unit so that the refrigerant flows through the oil separator, and the refrigerant discharged from the branch controller flows through the oil collector. And a fourth step of recovering the first refrigerating machine oil remaining in the new high-pressure pipe and the new low-pressure pipe by operating the machine for a predetermined time. How to replace 第１の冷凍機油を備えた第１の室外機と、複数の第１の室内機と、前記第１の室外機と前記第１の室内機とを接続する高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管、液管の３つの配管と、第１の冷媒とを有し、管径が液管、高圧ガス管、低圧ガス管の順に太くなることを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムを、前記高圧ガス管と前記液管とからなる一組を新たな高圧管として使用し、前記低圧ガス管を新たな低圧管として使用して、圧縮機と、四方弁と、熱源側熱交換器と、第２の冷凍機油とを備えた第２の室外機と、気液分離器と、複数の弁とを備えた分流コントローラと、絞り装置と負荷側熱交換器とを備えた複数の第２の室内機と、第２の冷媒とを有し、前記第２の室内機が冷房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離された液冷媒をこの冷房運転する前記第２の室内機に流し、前記第２の室内機が暖房運転をする場合には、前記気液分離器で分離されたガス冷媒をこの暖房運転する前記 第２の室内機に流す冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の室外機、及び前記第１の室内機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から取り外す第１の工程と、
前記熱源側熱交換器を配管を介して前記高圧ガス管と前記液管とからなる一組である新たな高圧管に接続し、前記四方弁を配管を介して前記低圧ガス管である新たな低圧管に接続することで前記第２の室外機を設置し、前記気液分離器を配管を介して前記新たな高圧管に接続し、前記複数の弁を配管を介して前記新たな低圧管に接続することで前記分流コントローラを設置し、前記絞り装置を配管を介して前記気液分離器に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器を配管を介して前記複数の弁に接続することで前記複数の第２の室内機を設置する第２の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記分流コントローラ、前記新たな高圧管、前記新たな低圧管の少なくとも１つに注入する第３の工程と、
油回収器、油分離器、および前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管と前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器を備えたオイルトラッパを、前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管が前記新たな低圧管に接続され、前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管が前記新たな高圧管に接続されるように、前記第２の室外機と前記分流コントローラとの間に設置し、前記第２の室外機から吐き出される冷媒が前記油分離器を流れ、前記分流コントローラから吐き出される冷媒が前記油回収器を流れるように、前記第２の室内機の運転を一定時間行うことで、前記新たな高圧管と前記新たな低圧管とに残留する前記第１の冷凍機油を回収する第４の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。 A first outdoor unit including a first refrigerating machine oil, a plurality of first indoor units, a high-pressure gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe, and a liquid that connect the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit A refrigeration / air-conditioning system having three pipes of a pipe and a first refrigerant and having a pipe diameter that increases in the order of a liquid pipe, a high-pressure gas pipe, and a low-pressure gas pipe. A set of liquid pipes is used as a new high-pressure pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe is used as a new low-pressure pipe, a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a second refrigerating machine oil A second outdoor unit comprising: a gas-liquid separator; a shunt controller comprising a plurality of valves; a plurality of second indoor units comprising a throttling device and a load-side heat exchanger; In the case where the second indoor unit performs a cooling operation, the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator is cooled before the cooling operation. Flowing the second indoor unit, wherein when the second indoor unit to the heating operation, the refrigerating and air-conditioning flowing gas refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator to the second indoor unit to operate the heating A replacement method for a refrigeration / air conditioning system that replaces the system,
A first step of removing the first outdoor unit and the first indoor unit from the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
The heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a new high-pressure pipe that is a set of the high-pressure gas pipe and the liquid pipe via a pipe, and the four-way valve is a new low-pressure gas pipe that is a pipe. The second outdoor unit is installed by connecting to a low pressure pipe, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the new high pressure pipe via a pipe, and the plurality of valves are connected to the new low pressure pipe via a pipe. Connecting the flow controller to the gas-liquid separator via a pipe, and connecting the load-side heat exchanger to the plurality of valves via a pipe. A second step of installing a plurality of second indoor units;
A third step of evacuating and injecting the second refrigerant into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the shunt controller, the new high pressure pipe, and the new low pressure pipe When,
An oil trapper comprising an oil collector, an oil separator, and a refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a refrigerant suction side pipe of the oil collector and a refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator, The second outdoor unit is connected so that a pipe on the refrigerant suction side of the oil recovery unit is connected to the new low-pressure pipe, and a pipe on the refrigerant discharge side of the oil separator is connected to the new high-pressure pipe. The second indoor unit is installed between the second flow controller and the refrigerant discharged from the second outdoor unit so that the refrigerant flows through the oil separator, and the refrigerant discharged from the branch controller flows through the oil collector. And a fourth step of recovering the first refrigerating machine oil remaining in the new high-pressure pipe and the new low-pressure pipe by operating the machine for a predetermined time. How to replace 圧縮機の吸入側配管にアキュムレータを接続し、前記圧縮機の吐出側配管を分岐させて第１の配管と第２の配管とし、前記第２の配管を第１の弁を介して熱源側熱交換器に接続し、前記アキュムレータの吸入側配管を分岐させて第３の配管と第４の配管とし、前記第３の配管を第２の弁を介して前記第２の配管に接続し、前記熱源側熱交換器に、逆止弁と第１の絞り装置とが並列に接続された第５の配管を接続させた第１の室外機と、前記第１の配管に接続された高圧ガス管と、前記第４の配管に接続された低圧ガス管と、前記第５の配管に接続された液管と、第２の絞り装置と、前記第２の絞り装置に接続された負荷側熱交換器とを備え、前記第２の絞り装置が配管を介して前記液管に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器が、一方の分岐に第３の弁を、他方の分岐に第４の弁を有する冷媒コントローラを介して前記高圧ガス管、及び前記低圧ガス管に接続された複数の室内機とを有し、第１の冷媒と第１の冷凍機油とを使用する冷凍・空調システムを第２の冷媒と第２の冷凍機油とを使用する冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の冷媒と前記第１の冷凍機油を使用した室内機及び室外機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から切り離し、前記第２の冷媒と前記第２の冷凍機油を使用する室内機及び室外機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管に接続させる第１の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記冷媒コントローラ、前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管の少なくとも１つに注入する第２の工程と、
低圧ガス管に２つの分岐管を設置し、この２つの分岐管に異物捕獲装置を設置することで、冷媒がこの異物捕獲装置を流れるようにした後に、一定時間、全体の冷房負荷の方が暖房負荷よりも大きくなるように、前記複数の室内機を冷房と暖房とが混合した運転をさせる第３の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。An accumulator is connected to the suction side piping of the compressor, the discharge side piping of the compressor is branched to form a first piping and a second piping, and the second piping is connected to the heat source side heat via the first valve. Connecting to the exchanger, branching the suction side pipe of the accumulator to form a third pipe and a fourth pipe, connecting the third pipe to the second pipe via a second valve, and A first outdoor unit in which a heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a fifth pipe in which a check valve and a first throttle device are connected in parallel, and a high-pressure gas pipe connected to the first pipe A low-pressure gas pipe connected to the fourth pipe, a liquid pipe connected to the fifth pipe, a second throttle device, and a load-side heat exchange connected to the second throttle device The second expansion device is connected to the liquid pipe via a pipe, and the load-side heat exchanger is connected to a third branch on one branch. And a plurality of indoor units connected to the high-pressure gas pipe and the low-pressure gas pipe via a refrigerant controller having a fourth valve at the other branch, the first refrigerant and the first refrigerating machine oil A refrigeration / air conditioning system that replaces a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses a second refrigerant with a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses a second refrigerant oil,
The indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the first refrigerant and the first refrigerating machine oil are separated from the high pressure gas pipe, the low pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, and the second refrigerant and the second refrigerating machine oil are separated. A first step of connecting an indoor unit and an outdoor unit to be used to the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
Evacuation, and a second step of injecting the second refrigerant into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the refrigerant controller, the high-pressure gas pipe, and the low-pressure gas pipe;
By installing two branch pipes in the low-pressure gas pipe and installing a foreign matter trapping device in these two branch pipes, after allowing the refrigerant to flow through this foreign matter trapping apparatus, the overall cooling load is more A replacement method for a refrigeration / air conditioning system, comprising: a third step of causing the plurality of indoor units to be mixed with cooling and heating so as to be larger than a heating load. 圧縮機の吸入側配管にアキュムレータを接続し、前記圧縮機の吐出側配管を分岐させて第１の配管と第２の配管とし、前記第２の配管を第１の弁を介して熱源側熱交換器に接続し、前記アキュムレータの吸入側配管を分岐させて第３の配管と第４の配管とし、前記第３の配管を第２の弁を介して前記第２の配管に接続し、前記熱源側熱交換器に、逆止弁と第１の絞り装置とが並列に接続された第５の配管を接続させた第１の室外機と、前記第１の配管に接続された高圧ガス管と、前記第４の配管に接続された低圧ガス管と、前記第５の配管に接続された液管と、第２の絞り装置と、前記第２の絞り装置に接続された負荷側熱交換器とを備え、前記第２の絞り装置が配管を介して前記液管に接続し、前記負荷側熱交換器が、一方の分岐に第３の弁を、他方の分岐に第４の弁を有する冷媒コントローラを介して前記高圧ガス管、及び前記低圧ガス管に接続された複数の室内機とを有し、第１の冷媒と第１の冷凍機油とを使用する冷凍・空調システムを第２の冷媒と第２の冷凍機油とを使用する冷凍・空調システムにリプレースする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法であって、
前記第１の冷媒と前記第１の冷凍機油を使用した室内機及び室外機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管から切り離し、前記第２の冷媒と前記第２の冷凍機油を使用する室内機及び室外機を前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管、前記液管に接続させる第１の工程と、
真空引き、及び前記第２の冷媒を前記第２の室外機、前記第２の室内機、前記冷媒コントローラ、前記高圧ガス管、前記低圧ガス管又は液管の少なくとも１つに注入する第２の工程と、
低圧ガス管と高圧ガス管と液管とに、油回収器と、油分離器と、前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管と前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器とを有するオイルトラッパを、前記油回収器の冷媒吸込側の配管が前記低圧ガス管に接続され、前記油分離器の冷媒吐出側の配管が高圧ガス管及び液管に接続されるように、室外機と複数の室内機との間に設置することで、前記室外機から吐き出される冷媒がこの油分離器を流れ、前記室内機から吐き出される冷媒がこの油回収器を流れるようにした後に、一定時間室内機の運転を行う第３の工程とを有することを特徴とする冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法。An accumulator is connected to the suction side piping of the compressor, the discharge side piping of the compressor is branched to form a first piping and a second piping, and the second piping is connected to the heat source side heat via the first valve. Connecting to the exchanger, branching the suction side pipe of the accumulator to form a third pipe and a fourth pipe, connecting the third pipe to the second pipe via a second valve, and A first outdoor unit in which a heat source side heat exchanger is connected to a fifth pipe in which a check valve and a first throttle device are connected in parallel, and a high-pressure gas pipe connected to the first pipe A low-pressure gas pipe connected to the fourth pipe, a liquid pipe connected to the fifth pipe, a second throttle device, and a load-side heat exchange connected to the second throttle device The second expansion device is connected to the liquid pipe via a pipe, and the load-side heat exchanger is connected to a third branch on one branch. And a plurality of indoor units connected to the high-pressure gas pipe and the low-pressure gas pipe via a refrigerant controller having a fourth valve at the other branch, the first refrigerant and the first refrigerating machine oil A refrigeration / air conditioning system that replaces a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses a second refrigerant with a refrigeration / air conditioning system that uses a second refrigerant oil,
The indoor unit and the outdoor unit using the first refrigerant and the first refrigerating machine oil are separated from the high pressure gas pipe, the low pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, and the second refrigerant and the second refrigerating machine oil are separated. A first step of connecting an indoor unit and an outdoor unit to be used to the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe;
Evacuation and a second refrigerant is injected into at least one of the second outdoor unit, the second indoor unit, the refrigerant controller, the high-pressure gas pipe, the low-pressure gas pipe, or the liquid pipe. Process,
Heat exchange between the low pressure gas pipe, the high pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe between the oil recovery unit, the oil separator, the refrigerant suction side pipe of the oil recovery unit, and the refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator An oil trapper having a refrigerant heat exchanger, wherein a refrigerant suction side pipe of the oil recovery unit is connected to the low pressure gas pipe, and a refrigerant discharge side pipe of the oil separator is a high pressure gas pipe and a liquid pipe The refrigerant discharged from the outdoor unit flows through the oil separator by being installed between the outdoor unit and the plurality of indoor units so that the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit is the oil recovery unit. And a third step of operating the indoor unit for a certain period of time after flowing through the refrigeration / air-conditioning system.
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