JP3890075B2 - Buildings for use in apartment houses - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-layered building for use in an apartment house having a feeling of opening and comfort as a living space.

  Conventionally, multi-layer buildings have been built as a form of apartment house, but in the case of multi-layer buildings, the floor height is required to be about 2600mm, and in the case of 4-story building, it will exceed 10m. It was.

  However, if the height of the building exceeds 10m, it will be subject to various regulations (for example, Article 56-2 of the Building Standards Act, which stipulates exemptions from shadow regulations), and the neighborhood will be inconvenienced. It was.

  In order to avoid this, if you try to build a multi-layered building of 10m or less, in order to fit within this height, you can only reduce the hierarchy to 3 stories, or make the 1st floor part an underground structure. There wasn't.

  As a matter of course, various efforts have been made to create a four-story building of 10m or less, but because there are toilets and bathrooms (hereinafter referred to as "water fields"), the drainage pipes. It is necessary to provide a floor of about 100 mm for piping, and 250 mm as an exhaust space, 2600 mm when considering a slab thickness of 150 mm and a ceiling height of 2100 mm to ensure a comfortable living space. The floor height limit could not be exceeded, and as a result, 10 m could not be cut.

  In addition, when the floor is not installed, the floor height can be about 2500 mm, but a pipe space must be provided for each “water field” adjacent to the “water field” (see Patent Document 1). . In this regard, when a floor is not installed, the piping space in the floor portion cannot be secured, and therefore it is necessary to connect directly to the vertical drainage pipe in the adjacent pipe space.

  In addition, when the floor height is about 2500 mm, the space in the indoor height direction is also small, so a unit bath having a normal ceiling height cannot be installed.

Furthermore, it is common to form a parapet about 500 mm in height on the outer periphery of a roof slab of a normal multi-layer building. This is required for raising the roofing waterproofing material on the parapet and treating the edge of the waterproofing material.
JP 2004-225273 A

  Therefore, although a three-story apartment house will be constructed, the number of housing units per land area will be reduced because the number of dwelling units per building will be reduced compared to the case of constructing a four-story apartment house. It is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of activating the city by effectively using land.

  In addition, when lowering the floor height of a multi-layer building without installing a floor, it is necessary to provide a pipe space for each “water place”. However, the indoor layout is limited or the pipe space increases. , I had to cut down the exclusive part.

  Furthermore, when parapets are formed on the top floor, the ceiling height in the living room must be lowered because the height of the parapets is subtracted from the floor height of each floor in order to keep the height of the building within 10m. The comfort in the room is impaired.

  In addition, when the floor height is lowered, a unit bath with a general ceiling height cannot be installed, so the unit bath with a lower ceiling height is installed, so the comfort in the unit bath is impaired. .

  Therefore, the present invention solves the conventional problems by lowering the floor height, the height of the building is within 10 m and 4 stories, and the pipe space is minimal and the installation position is low. An object is to provide a multi-layered building that can be used for an apartment house and that is not limited, can secure the maximum ceiling height in a living room or a unit bath, and does not have an underground structure on the first floor.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in a multi-layered building, the floor partitioning each floor is made into a single layer, and the drainage pipe on the upper floor is penetrated to the bottom ceiling, and These are characterized in that they are stored together with the exhaust pipe in a portion around the water where the ceiling height is allowed to some extent in terms of comfort. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.

  (1) A building in which a certain floor and a floor below the certain floor are partitioned by a floorboard, and the certain floor is connected to the watering facility and the watering facility in a substantially horizontal direction. A horizontal drain pipe that extends, and a vertical drain pipe that is connected to the horizontal drain pipe and extends in the height direction. The horizontal drain pipe extends through the floor plate in a substantially horizontal direction below the floor plate. A building characterized by that.

  According to the invention of (1), by dropping the horizontal drain pipe of a certain floor into the ceiling below the first floor of a certain floor passing through the slab, the upper horizontal drain pipe and the lower floor exhaust pipe are connected to the lower floor ceiling. Horizontal piping is possible behind the floor, and there is no need to place a floor in the “water field.” Even when the floor height is lowered, a comfortable ceiling height can be secured.

  (2) In the building described in (1), the bottom of the floorboard of a certain floor is formed with a ceiling of a watering facility on the floor one floor below the certain floor, and on the floor of the certain floor The building is characterized in that an exhaust pipe that communicates the floor below and the outside of the building is provided, and the exhaust pipe is disposed non-intersecting with the horizontal drain pipe in the ceiling.

  According to the invention of (2), since the horizontal drainage pipe and the exhaust pipe do not intersect within the ceiling behind the water place, the ceiling height of the water place can be made higher, and even when the floor height is lowered, the water place A comfortable ceiling height can be secured.

  (3) In the building according to (2), the watering facility includes a kitchen, and the kitchen has a kitchen ceiling back formed with a kitchen curtain and a kitchen ceiling at the top, and the kitchen ceiling The back is formed under the ceiling, and the exhaust pipe is arranged to intersect the horizontal drain pipe and the kitchen ceiling.

  According to the invention of (3), by forming the kitchen ceiling, it is possible to cross the exhaust pipe and the horizontal drain pipe that cannot intersect in the ceiling of the living room, so that more economical piping is possible. Become.

  (4) In the building according to any one of (1) to (3), a plurality of dwelling units are partitioned and formed on a certain floor by a load-bearing wall, and a plurality of the watering facilities are provided for each dwelling unit, The watering equipment of each dwelling unit is installed on a floor board in a substantially quadrangular shape in a plan view in a half of the range of each dwelling unit, and this range is at least partially in contact with the load-bearing wall that partitions each dwelling unit. object.

  According to the invention of (4), the floor height of the dwelling unit other than the water can be increased by installing the water supply equipment on the floor plate in the range of about half of the dwelling unit. However, a living room with a high ceiling and a feeling of opening can be provided.

  (5) The building according to (4), wherein the plurality of horizontal drainage pipes of each dwelling unit are aggregated into one or two and connected to the vertical drainage pipe.

  According to the invention of (5), the horizontal drainage pipe can be aggregated at the back of the ceiling, and the horizontal drainage pipe can be connected to the vertical drainage pipe at an arbitrary position. Therefore, by minimizing the number of vertical drainage pipes, the volume of the pipe space for storing the vertical drainage pipes can be minimized, so that even if the floor height is lowered, the living space is maximized. It can be secured.

  (6) In the building according to any one of (1) to (5), a rooftop floor plate, an outer wall formed at an end of the rooftop floorboard in a vertical direction toward the ground surface, and an upper surface of the rooftop floorboard A waterproof sheet laid on the end of the waterproof sheet, and the roof floor plate is provided substantially horizontally, the presser foot is an upper surface end of the floor plate and the outer wall A building characterized by being provided at the upper end of the external surface.

  According to the invention of (6), even if the parapet is low, the end of the rooftop tarpaulin can be fixed to the rooftop floor board, so that the usual height of the parapet can be allocated to the height of each floor. Even if the height of the building is restricted, the ceiling height of the living room can be secured to the maximum.

  (7) In the building according to (6), a roof drain is installed on the roof floor plate, a rainwater horizontal drain pipe is connected to a lower portion of the roof drain, and a rainwater drainage vertical pipe is connected to the outer wall. The rainwater horizontal drainage pipe penetrates the rooftop floor board, extends in a substantially horizontal direction below the rooftop floor board, and is connected to the rainwater drainage vertical pipe.

  According to the invention of (7), the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe of the roof drain (for example, vertical drain) penetrates the rooftop floor board, is piped under the rooftop floor board, and is connected to the rainwater drainage vertical pipe. Even when it is not provided, it is possible to accurately perform the drainage treatment of rainwater.

  (8) In the building described in (7), a closet and / or a kitchen is provided in each of the top floor dwelling units, and the closet has a closet ceiling on the top, and the kitchen is a kitchen on the top. A building having a kitchen ceiling formed by a curtain and a kitchen ceiling, wherein the roof drain is disposed above the closet ceiling and / or above the kitchen ceiling.

  According to the invention of (8), even when the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe of the roof drain (for example, the vertical drain) passes through the roof floor board and is piped under the roof floor board, it is inside the closet ceiling and / or the kitchen ceiling. Since the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe can be installed in the back, the ceiling height of the living room can be secured to the maximum.

  (9) In the building according to (7) or (8), the rooftop floor plate has a slab step in which a predetermined range centered on the roof drain is lower than a portion other than the predetermined range from the ground surface. A building characterized by the establishment of

  According to the invention of (9), the drainage treatment of rainwater can be performed accurately even when the rooftop surface is substantially horizontal by lowering the roof top plate level in a predetermined range centered on the roof drain.

  (10) In the building according to (9), the slab step is arranged on the ceiling back of the closet and the ceiling of the water supply facility on the top floor.

  According to the invention of (10), it is not necessary to reduce the ceiling height of the living room even when a slab step is provided on the roof floor board, so even if the roof floor is substantially horizontal, rainwater is accurately collected in the drain. Water can be used and the ceiling height of the room can be secured to the maximum.

  (11) The building according to (9) or (10), wherein the height of the slab step is approximately 100 mm.

  According to the invention of (11), even when the slab step is provided on the roof floor board, the mold frame for forming the slab step can be formed by using a ready-made material by setting the height of the slab step to about 100 mm. Because it is possible, construction of the building becomes easy.

  (12) In the building according to any one of (1) to (11), the watering facility includes a unit bath, and the horizontal drain pipe penetrates the floor board in the vicinity of the unit bath. An opening is formed in the floor plate, the horizontal drain pipe extends horizontally above the floor plate, and the height of the floor surface of the unit bath is 135 mm or more and 175 mm or less from the floor plate. And the building.

  According to the invention of (12), even when the floor height of the building is lowered, the opening for penetrating the horizontal drain pipe to the lower floor is formed in the vicinity of the unit bath. In addition, it is possible to adopt a configuration that does not secure a space for taking a water gradient below the floor surface of the unit bath. In this case, the height from the floor board of a certain floor to the floor of the unit bath can be shortened, and an off-the-shelf unit bath can be installed. Can do.

  (13) The building according to (12), wherein the height of the floor surface of the unit bath exceeds 135 mm from the floor board and is 175 mm or less.

  According to the invention of (13), even when the floor height of the building is lowered, the horizontal drain pipe is connected from the drain of the unit bath under the unit bath while ensuring the maximum ceiling height in the unit bath. Since it can be piped while taking a water gradient in the horizontal drainage pipe until it penetrates to the lower floor, the flow of drainage becomes better.

  (14) In the building according to any one of (1) to (13), the building has four floors, and the height from the ground surface to the top of the roof floor board is 10 m or less. object.

  According to the invention of (14), even when a four-story building is constructed, it is possible to be exempted from the application of the shade regulation by making the height of the building within 10 m (Building Standard Act No. 56 Article 2). In addition, since it is possible to construct a four-story building even in areas with height restrictions or diagonal restrictions, it is possible to avoid legal restrictions and make effective use of land.

  (15) In the building according to (14), the upper surface of the first floor board is formed at substantially the same height as the ground surface.

  According to the invention of (15), even if the height of a four-story building is within 10 m, a part of the first floor will not be an underground structure. can do.

  (16) In the building according to any one of (6) to (11), the reverse beam formed on the floor plate of the certain floor, and the upper beam formed on the upper end of the reverse beam and surrounding the certain floor An opening for attaching a sash to the outer wall, and the opening extends from the upper end of the reverse beam to the lower end of the floor board on the one floor above the certain floor. And the building.

  According to the invention of (16), a sash as daylighting can be provided at the highest position of the living room, and the living room can be brightened, so that the dwelling unit can be made a comfortable living space.

  (17) In the building according to (16), the sash includes a window frame, a glass attached to the window frame, and a wooden frame attached to the inside of the window frame, and the wooden frame. The building is characterized by the attachment of clothes-drying hardware.

  According to the invention of (17), since a clothes rack can be easily and compactly attached to a living room without a balcony by using a wooden frame of a sash, a hanging basket can be put on the living room. Since the laundry is dried inside, even if the house is absent, there is no fear of theft, and the dwelling unit can be made a comfortable living space.

  (18) The building according to (4) or (5), wherein a wall finishing material is pasted on the wall surface of the load-bearing wall to reach the floor plate.

  According to the invention of (18), since the floor finish is not provided as a part between the floor and the wall, and the wall finishing material having the same pattern is applied from the floor to the ceiling, the ceiling can be felt visually high. It can be a comfortable living space.

  (19) In the building according to (4), (5) or (18), at least one of the load-bearing walls includes an entrance door and a shelf plate provided on the upper side of the entrance door. The building is attached, and the shelf board has a width of the entrance door.

  According to the invention of (19), since it is not necessary to provide a clog box, the main living room as a living space can be made wider. In addition, since it is a shelf board, it can be stacked on top if it is a box. Residents in their 20s or 30s own multiple shoes and keep unused shoes in the box at the time of purchase after use. It matches the living habit of keeping it in, so the dwelling unit can be made a comfortable living space.

  (20) In the building according to any one of (1) to (19), the building has a concrete wall, and at least a part of the wall has a concrete exposed finish with a separated hole exposed, The building is characterized in that a bolt at the tip of the separator protrudes from the bottom, and a wall bracket is screwed onto the bolt.

  According to the invention of (20), it is possible to attach the wall hanging hardware without making a hole in the concrete wall by using the bolt portion of the separation hole which should be filled with mortar. When attached to a concrete wall, a heavy object cannot be hung, but a heavy object can be hung by screwing a wall hanger with a nut to a bolt portion as in the present invention. Then, if the nuts with long legs are screwed together, it can be used as a hanger hook, and the nuts with long legs are screwed into the bolt parts of the same height at two locations, By installing a board on top, it can be used as a display shelf. Thus, since it can respond to a resident's various lifestyle, a dwelling unit can be made into a comfortable living space.

  (21) In the building according to (6), there is provided a decorative wall that divides substantially half the range of each dwelling unit into two living rooms each including the outer wall in plan view, and the decorative wall is made of concrete. There is a building, characterized in that it extends from the upper surface of the floor board to the lower surface of the floor board of the upper floor.

  According to the invention of (21), when the living room is relatively large in plan view, the living room can be divided into two parts according to the living style of the resident, and the flexure and vibration of the floorboard can be reduced. It can be a comfortable living space.

  (22) The building according to any one of (1) to (21), comprising a reinforced concrete underground beam and a reinforced concrete first-floor outer wall formed at an upper end of the underground beam, A part of the first floor outer wall having a height of at least 100 mm from the ground surface is formed together with the underground beam.

  According to the invention of (22), it is possible to prevent water leakage from the concrete joint portion between the underground beam and the outer wall of the first floor by raising the concrete joint portion by 100 mm or more from the ground surface, and to make the dwelling unit comfortable. It can be a living space.

  (23) The building according to any one of (1) to (22) includes an electric wiring shaft and a meter box, and the electric wiring shaft and the meter box have one or two places on each floor. A building characterized by being arranged in a central location.

  According to the invention of (23), it is possible to reduce the common space and improve the aesthetic appearance by collecting and storing the electric wiring shaft and the meter box for each floor.

  (24) In the building according to (23), the electric wiring shaft and the meter box are arranged in one place on each floor when the number of dwelling units on each floor is two to nine. A building characterized by that.

  According to the invention of (24), it is possible to reduce the common space and improve the aesthetics by consolidating the electric wiring shaft and the meter box in each floor and storing them in one place. It becomes possible to carry out more easily.

  (25) In the building according to (23), the electrical wiring shaft and the meter box are arranged in two places on each floor when the number of dwelling units on each floor is 7 to 16 units. A building characterized by

  According to the invention of (25), it is possible to reduce the common space and improve the aesthetics even when the number of dwelling units on each floor increases by collecting the electric wiring shaft and meter box on each floor and storing them in two places. It becomes possible to perform maintenance of building equipment more easily.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to construct a four-story building without making the first floor an underground structure even in an area where the height of the building is limited to within 10 m. This will enable effective use of land and efficient capital recovery while avoiding legal restrictions. In this case, the floor height is lowered, but since a living room with a high ceiling and a feeling of opening can be secured, there is no fear of a decrease in comfort due to the lowered overall height. Further, since the horizontal drain pipe is not piped on the upper surface of the floor board, there is no need to provide a floor. As a result, it is possible to secure a ceiling height without a feeling of pressure as a living space even in a water place. In addition, since the horizontal drain pipes can be integrated and the pipe space can be minimized, the living space can be maximized. In addition, by reducing the height of the floor surface of the unit bath, a unit bath having a normal ceiling height can be installed, and a ceiling height without a feeling of pressure can be secured even in the unit bath. Furthermore, the building which makes a dwelling unit a comfortable living space by the installation position of a wall, a sash, etc. can be provided.

  An example of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

[Structure of the building]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a building 11 according to this embodiment is a four-story building in which each floor is partitioned by a reinforced concrete outer wall 12 and a reinforced concrete floor plate 13. Here, a piping pit 16 partitioned by a floor board 13 on the first floor, a reinforced concrete pressure board 15 and an underground beam 14 of reinforced concrete is formed.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view of the building 11 from the second floor to the fourth floor. The configuration of each floor of the building 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each floor is partitioned by a reinforced concrete bearing wall 25, and four dwelling units 21, a staircase 23, a staircase room 24, and a common hallway 22 are formed.

  FIG. 3 is a detailed plan view of a typical room type of the dwelling unit 21. The structure of the dwelling unit 21 of the building 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the dwelling unit 21 includes a living room 31, an entrance 32, a toilet 33, a unit bath 34, a kitchen 35, a washing machine storage 36, and a pipe space 37.

  In the toilet 33, the unit bath 34, the kitchen 35, and the washing machine storage place 36 (hereinafter referred to as a water place), an opening 19 is formed in the floor board 13 for each water place as shown in FIG. At the same time, the falling ceiling 44 is formed at a depth of 150 mm to 250 mm in the height direction from the lower side of the floor board 13 to the lower side.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the descending ceiling 44 is grounded with a lightweight steel frame 46, a plaster board 47 is screwed to the ground, and a vinyl cloth 66 is pasted on the plaster board 47. The falling ceiling 44 is not limited to these materials, and the falling ceiling 44 may not be provided. In this case, since the horizontal drain pipe 41 and the exhaust pipe 43 are exposed and installed on the lower surface of the floor plate 13 on the upper floor, it is possible to provide a dwelling unit having an urban atmosphere.

[Configuration related to the ceiling height of the water place]
The building 11 according to the present embodiment can secure a comfortable ceiling height in a water place even when the floor height is lowered due to the following configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal drain pipe 41 connected to the water supply facilities on the second floor to the fourth floor penetrates the opening 19 of the floor board 13, and the lower surface of the floor board 13 and the above-described descending ceiling 44. (Hereinafter referred to as the ceiling 45), the pipes are horizontally arranged and connected to the vertical drain pipes 42 in the pipe space 37 as shown in FIG. Further, since the horizontal drain pipe 41 can be freely piped by the ceiling back 45, it is not necessary to provide a pipe space adjacent to each watering facility.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust pipe 43 is connected to a watering facility, and communicates the inside of the building with the outside of the building.

  A horizontal drain pipe 41 on a certain floor is piped by a ceiling back 45 together with an exhaust pipe 43 on a floor one floor below the certain floor. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the horizontal drain pipe 41 and the exhaust pipe 43 are arranged so as not to cross each other. Thereby, the height of the ceiling back 45 can be set to 150 mm to 250 mm.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, a kitchen ceiling 95 formed of a kitchen curtain plate 90 and a kitchen ceiling 91 is formed below the ceiling 45 in the upper part of the kitchen included in the watering facilities of each dwelling unit. ing. And in the kitchen ceiling 95, the exhaust pipe 43 and the horizontal drain pipe 41 are arrange | positioned so that it may cross | intersect. In the ceiling 45, the exhaust pipe 43 and the horizontal drain pipe 41, which could not be crossed, can intersect in the kitchen ceiling 95. For example, the exhaust pipe 43 that had to be detoured. Can be directly connected to the outer wall 12, so that the construction cost can be reduced.

[Configuration related to the ceiling height of the living room]
The building 11 according to this embodiment can secure an open ceiling height in the living room even when the floor height is lowered by the following configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the water field is aggregated in a substantially rectangular shape in a substantially half range of the dwelling unit 21 in a plan view, and a part of this range is in contact with the bearing wall 25. As a result, the range in which the falling ceiling 44 is provided can be substantially half the range of the dwelling unit 21 in plan view, so that the other range of the dwelling unit 21 is the living room 31, and the living room 31 does not have to be provided with the falling ceiling 44. The ceiling height of the living room 31 can be set from the upper surface of the wooden flooring 17 laid on the upper surface of the floor board 13 of a certain floor to the lower surface of the floor board 13 of the upper floor one floor. Therefore, an open ceiling height can be secured in the living room 31. The floor finishing material laid on the upper surface of the floor board 13 is not limited to wood flooring, and various materials such as a cushion floor can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal drain pipe 41 is connected to the horizontal drain pipe 41 connected to the water drainage facility furthest away from the vertical drain pipe 42 in the horizontal direction, and to the horizontal drain pipe 41 connected to the other drainage pipes. Are connected to one or two horizontal drainage pipes 41 and connected to the vertical drainage pipe 42. Thereby, the number of vertical drain pipes can be reduced, and the volume of the pipe space can be reduced.

[Configuration to maximize the ceiling height of the living room]
The building 11 according to the present embodiment can secure the ceiling height of the living room to the maximum by the following configuration even when the height of the building is limited.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which a presser fitting 53 is provided at the end of a waterproof sheet 52 laid on a substantially horizontal rooftop floor board 51 according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a waterproof sheet 52 is bonded to the entire upper surface of a reinforced concrete rooftop floor board 51, and an aluminum pressing metal 53 is provided on the entire periphery of the upper surface end of the waterproof sheet 52. The presser foot 53 is substantially L-shaped, the depth of each surface is approximately 50 mm, and one surface is provided so as to face the end of the waterproof sheet 52 and the other surface faces the uppermost end of the outer wall 12. ing. The joint portion of the waterproof sheet is stopped by the sealing 55 by the presser metal 53. Thereby, even if the parapet is low or no parapet is provided, the end of the waterproof sheet on the roof of the building can be stopped, so the height from the upper surface of the ground 20 to the top of the building should be reduced. Can do. The waterproof sheet may be asphalt waterproof or other waterproof material.

  In the building 11 according to the present embodiment, the end of the rooftop floor plate 51 is raised as a parapet by 45 mm, but the height of the parapet can be further reduced, and no parapet can be provided.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view of the top floor. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 13, that is, a cross-sectional view of a place where the roof drain 82 is installed on the rooftop floor plate 51. As shown in FIG. 13, the roof drain 82 is installed on the rooftop floor plate 51 above the closet 87. As shown in FIG. 14, a rainwater horizontal drain pipe 80 is connected to the lower portion of the roof drain 82. The rainwater horizontal drain pipe 80 penetrates the roof floor board 51 and is in a substantially horizontal direction in the closet ceiling 89 and the kitchen ceiling 95 formed below the roof floor board 51 and above the closet ceiling 88. And is connected to a rainwater drainage vertical pipe 81 piped along the outer wall.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the rooftop floor plate 51 is provided with a slab step 85 in which a predetermined range centered on the roof drain 82 is lower than the ground surface from a portion other than the predetermined range, and is directed toward the roof drain 82. The slope is given from the partial height outside the predetermined range. Further, a waterproof sheet 52 attached to the upper surface of the rooftop floor plate 51 is also attached to the roof drain 82 along the gradient.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the slab step 85 is arranged on the closet ceiling back 89 and the ceiling back 45 of the watering facility on the top floor. The predetermined range in which the slab step is provided is a square of 800 mm to 1000 mm with the roof drain 82 as the center, and the thickness thereof is approximately 100 mm.

  The roof floor board 51 has a slab thickness of 150 mm, a hard urethane foam having a thickness of 15 mm is laid on the upper surface as a heat insulating material, and a waterproof sheet 52 is stuck thereon. Further, the end of the waterproof sheet 52 is fixed with a presser foot 53, a screw 54 and a sealing 55. In addition, although the rigid urethane foam having a thickness of 15 mm is not laid as a heat insulating material on the portion of the roof floor plate 51 that is inclined toward the roof drain 82 described above, as a heat insulating material on the lower surface of the roof floor plate 51, Urethane foam is sprayed at a thickness of 15 mm.

  The roof drain 82 is made of a casting, and the diameters of the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe 80 and the rainwater drainage vertical pipe 81 are 75 mm to 100 mm. Further, since the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe 80 from the roof drain 82 is piped in the closet ceiling 89 and the kitchen ceiling 95, the ceiling height of the closet 87 and the kitchen 35 is 1950 mm to 2050 mm. .

  By arranging the roof drain 82 provided on the rooftop floor plate 51 above the closet 87 and the kitchen 35 in the uppermost dwelling unit, the rainwater horizontal drainage pipe 80 is piped in the closet ceiling back 89 and the kitchen ceiling back 95, Can be put on the outer wall. As a result, it is possible to secure the ceiling of the living part in the living room on the top floor and the ceiling of the water area at a predetermined height, and also ensure the ceiling of the corridor of the common part and the staircase at a predetermined height. .

[Configuration to maximize the ceiling height of the unit bath]
The building 11 according to the present embodiment can secure a normal ceiling height in the unit bath even when the floor height is lowered by the following configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal drain pipe 41 of the unit bath 34 on a certain floor passes through the opening 19 of the floor board 13 in the vicinity of the drain outlet of the unit bath 34, and is one floor below the certain floor. It is piped by the ceiling back 45 of. Accordingly, since it is not necessary to provide a water gradient of the horizontal drain pipe 41 under the unit bath 34 on a certain floor, the length of the leg bolt 49 of the unit bath 34 can be shortened, and the height of the floor surface of the unit bath 34 can be reduced. The height from the floor plate 13 which is normally 195 mm or more and 230 mm or less can be 135 mm or more and 175 mm or less.

  Here, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath refers to the height from the surface above the water surface of the floor surface of the washing space 50 in the unit bath 34 to the floor board 13. This height is determined by the length of the leg bolt 49. In this embodiment, in order to make it lower than the height of the floor surface of a normal unit bath, a leg bolt that is partially cut is used.

  Moreover, the ventilation fan attached to the unit bath 34 is a thing with a height of 300 mm normally, and a thin ventilation fan with a height of 170 mm is installed.

  From the above, if the floor height of a certain floor is 2480 mm and the thickness of the floor board 13 is 150 mm, the height of the installation location of the unit bath 34 is 2330 mm, and the height of the floor surface of the unit bath 34 is 165 mm. The sum of the height of 1985 mm to the top of the ceiling of the bus and the height of the ventilation fan of 170 mm is 2320 mm. Therefore, even when the floor height of the building 11 is lowered, the unit bath 34 having a normal ceiling height can be installed without reducing the ceiling height of the unit bath.

  In the first to third floors of the present embodiment, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath is 165 mm, but the clearance between the bottom of the drain of the unit bath 34 and the upper surface of the floor board 13 is 10 mm. Since there is a 30 mm space that includes 20 mm for securing a water gradient, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath can be lowered to 135 mm if this space is eliminated. On the other hand, since there is a space of 10 mm from the top of the ventilation fan to the lower surface of the floor plate 13 on the next floor, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath can be 175 mm if these spaces are eliminated. .

  In addition, on the fourth floor of this embodiment, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath is 165 mm, but a water gradient is provided to a clearance of 10 mm between the bottom of the drain of the unit bath 34 and the upper surface of the floor plate 13. Since there is a 15 mm space including 5 mm for securing, if the space is eliminated, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath can be reduced to 150 mm. On the other hand, since there is a space of 10 mm from the top of the ventilation fan to the lower surface of the floor plate 13 on the next floor, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath can be 175 mm if these spaces are eliminated. .

  In the first to third floors of the present embodiment, when the height of the floor surface of the unit bath exceeds 135 mm, the bottom of the drainage port to the upper surface of the floor board 13 is also provided under the unit bath 34. Since there is a space for taking a water gradient between them, the flow of drainage can be further improved.

  Further, on the fourth floor of this embodiment, when the height of the floor surface of the unit bath exceeds 150 mm, the water between the bottom of the drainage port and the upper surface of the floor board 13 is also below the unit bath 34. Since there is a space to take the gradient, the flow of drainage can be further improved.

  Alternatively, on the first to third floors of the present embodiment, the height of the floor surface of the unit bath 34 is 135 mm, and the space of 10 mm between the top of the ventilation fan and the lower surface of the floor board 13 on the next floor can be eliminated. For example, the floor height from the first floor to the third floor can be further lowered by 40 mm.

  On the fourth floor of the present embodiment, if the height of the floor surface of the unit bath 34 is 150 mm and there is no space of 10 mm between the top of the ventilation fan and the lower surface of the floor board 13 on the next floor, 4 The floor height of the floor can be further lowered by 25 mm.

[Configuration for effective use of land]
The building 11 according to the present embodiment has the following configuration to effectively use the land while avoiding the regulations of the Building Standard Law, and to provide a comfortable ceiling height of the water field and an open ceiling height of the living room. It can be secured to the maximum.

  The building 11 has 4 floors, the height from the first floor to the third floor is 2.48m, the height of the fourth floor is 2.465m, and it is above the water to form a water gradient on the top surface of the rooftop floor board. The concrete is beaten by 0.04 m from the center to the end of the rooftop floor board 51, and a parapet is provided by 0.045 m. And the height from the upper surface of the ground 20 of the building 11 to the top edge of the roof floor board 51 becomes 9.97 m by lowering the upper surface of the floor surface of the first floor by 0.02 m from the upper surface of the ground 20.

  In addition, 0.045m of the parapet at the end of the above-mentioned rooftop floor plate 51, 0.03m of space below the drain of the unit bath 34 on the first floor to the third floor, and the drain of the unit bath 34 on the fourth floor By eliminating the space 0.015m below and the space 0.01m above the ventilating fan, 0.04m up and down and 0.04m from the 1st floor to the 3rd floor 3 floors, the top and bottom 0. Subtracting 0.19m for the first floor of the 4th floor of 025m from the height from the top surface of the ground 20 of the building 11 to the top of the rooftop floor 51, the height of the building is 9.78m. Can be lowered.

  The ceiling height of the water place (excluding the unit bath) is such that the ceiling 45 has a height of 218 mm from the first floor to the third floor and 215 mm on the fourth floor, so that the ceiling height from the first floor to the third floor. The height is 2100 mm, the ceiling height of the fourth floor is 2088 mm, and a comfortable ceiling height can be secured as a living space.

  Further, the ceiling height of the living room is that the floor boards 13 and 51 of the building 11 are 150 mm thick, and the wooden flooring 17 that is a floor finish is 12 mm thick. The ceiling height of 31 is 2318 mm, and the ceiling height of the living room 31 on the fourth floor is 2303 mm, so that a ceiling height with a feeling of opening can be secured.

[Configuration to make the dwelling unit a comfortable living space]
The building 11 according to the present embodiment can make the dwelling unit a more comfortable living space with the following configuration.

(A) The building characterized in that the upper surface of the floor board on the first floor is substantially the same height as the upper surface of the ground 20.
(B) The building characterized by the sash which is the height of the floor board lower surface of an upper floor being attached from the top end of a reverse beam.
(C) A building characterized in that clothes drying hardware is attached to a wooden frame.
(D) The building characterized by the vinyl cloth stuck on the wall being stuck to the floor finishing material surface.
(E) A building characterized in that a shelf board is attached to the upper end of the entrance door.
(F) A building characterized in that a wall-hanging metal fitting is attached to a separate hole of a concrete-finished wall.
(G) A building characterized by a decorative wall that divides the living room into two.
(H) A building characterized by forming 100 mm from the upper surface of the ground 20 on the outer wall of the first floor together with underground beams.

  Hereinafter, the buildings (A) to (H) will be described in detail.

  The building of (A) is 4 stories high, and the height of the building is within 10m from the top of the ground 20. Since there is no need for an underground structure, sufficient ventilation and lighting can be secured even in the first floor room, and a comfortable living space can be provided.

  In the building (B), as shown in FIG. 1, the reverse beams 18 of the second to fourth floors are formed on the floor plate 13 of each floor, and the outer wall 12 is formed on the reverse beams 18. Is provided with an opening, and an aluminum sash 61 is attached to the opening. The vertical height of the aluminum sash is from the top end of the reverse beam 18 to the lower surface of the upper floor board 13, and the horizontal direction has a width of 1000 mm to 1800 mm and is approximately at the center of the outer wall 12 of the living room 31. It is attached.

  Further, since there is no reverse beam on the first floor, the vertical height of the aluminum sash attached to the living room 31 on the first floor is from the upper surface of the floor board 13 on the first floor to the lower surface of the floor board 13 on the second floor. Thereby, since the area of the sash for daylighting can be made larger than the upper floor, it is possible to make a bright and open space even in the first-floor room where sunlight does not enter compared to the second to fourth floors.

  In the building of (C), as shown in FIG. 9, an aluminum window frame 63 is attached to the opening of the outer wall 12, and a wooden frame 64 is attached inside the room of the window frame 63. A clothes hanger 65 is attached to the. As shown in FIG. 2, the attachment position of the clothes hanger 65 is attached to the aluminum sash 61 attached to the opening of the outer wall 12 of the living room 31 of each dwelling unit 21, and the vertical height is as shown in FIG. Are attached between 1000 mm and 2000 mm in the vertical direction from the upper surface of the floor board 13. The clothes-hanging hardware includes a pedestal portion fixed to the wooden frame and a clothes-line hanging portion attached to one end of the pedestal portion, and the clothes-line hanging portion rotates around a portion attached to the pedestal portion. Therefore, since the clothes hanging portion is stored along the wooden frame 64 when not in use, the clothes basket can be installed indoors when in use, and is stored when not in use. There is no blocking.

  As for the building of (D), as shown in FIG. 2, the vinyl cloth 66 is stuck as a wall finishing material to the load-bearing wall 25 of each dwelling unit 21, and the vinyl cloth 66 is the wooden flooring 17 which is a floor finishing material from the ceiling. It is pasted up to the top surface. Moreover, since no baseboard is provided and a vinyl cloth having the same pattern is stuck from the ceiling to the floor, the ceiling can be visually felt high, and an open space can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the building shown in FIG. 3E is a shelf in which a shelf board 68 is provided at the same height as the upper end of the entrance door 67 on the upper end of the entrance door 67 and the walls on both sides orthogonal to the entrance door 67. Since it is attached to the receiving material, shoes can be stored in a box at the time of purchase and stacked on the upper surface of the shelf board, and many shoes can be stored even in a narrow entrance.

  In the building of (F), as shown in FIG. 10, a separate hole 72 is formed in a wall 71 having a concrete exposed finish, and the separate hole 72 is between 1500 mm and 2000 mm in the vertical direction from the upper surface of the floor board 13. It is formed, but it is not filled with a separate hole. That is, it is not filled with mortar. Therefore, the bolt portion 74 of the separator 73 protrudes from the bottom of the separator hole 72. And one end of the wall hanger 75 has a nut shape and is screwed together with the bolt portion 74 of the separator 73, so that a heavy object can be removed without damaging the wall with a nail or the like for attaching the wall hanger. Wall hangings can be attached to the wall. Moreover, if a nut with a long leg is screwed, it can be used as a hanger hook. Furthermore, nuts with long legs are respectively screwed into two bolt portions 74 having the same height, and a plate is placed on the long nuts with these legs, thereby providing a display shelf. And it can be set as the living space which matched the lifestyle of the resident by making the material of this board into a product made from wood or glass.

  In the building (G), as shown in FIG. 11, the decorative wall 76 is formed in the living room 31 provided in a substantially half range in the plan view of the dwelling unit 21. The decoration wall 76 is made of concrete, and is formed so as to divide the living room 31 into two in the direction perpendicular to the outer wall 12, and is formed in the vertical direction from the upper surface of the floor board 13 to the lower surface of the floor board 13 of the upper floor. Has been. Further, a part of the decorative wall 76 is formed with a circular or square opening, and a semi-transparent glass is fitted into the opening, so that a living space can be divided and used to make a bright and open space. it can. Glass can be replaced with other light-transmitting materials.

  The building of (H) is based on a part of the outer wall of the first floor by placing concrete on the outer wall 12 of the first floor up to 100 mm from the upper surface of the ground 20 together with the underground beam and the floor board of the first floor. It can be formed integrally. Thereafter, the upper surface of a part of the outer wall of the first floor formed integrally with the foundation is used as a concrete joint portion 78 shown in FIG. 1, and the concrete of the other outer wall of the first floor is placed, and the concrete joint is performed. The entire periphery of the portion facing the outside of the portion 78 is waterproofed by sealing. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the concrete joint portion 78 is raised by 100 mm from the upper surface of the ground 20 to prevent water leakage from the concrete joint portion.

[Configuration to reduce common spaces and improve aesthetics]
As shown in FIG. 13, in the common space provided with stairs, one pipe space 100 is provided on a certain floor (for example, the top floor is shown in FIG. 13).

  FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe space 100. As shown in FIG. 15, the pipe space 100 includes an electric wiring shaft (hereinafter referred to as EPS 110) and a meter box (hereinafter referred to as MB 120). And when the number of dwelling units on each floor is two to nine, the EPS 110 and the MB 120 (for example, four dwelling units are shown in FIG. 13) are arranged in one place. Further, when the number of dwelling units on each floor is 7 to 16, the EPS 110 and the MB 120 can be concentrated and arranged in two places.

  Thus, by arranging the EPS 110 and the MB 120 in one place or two places for each floor, the shared space can be reduced and the aesthetics can be improved.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram of a state in which the door of the pipe space 100 is closed as viewed from the front, and FIG. 17 is a diagram of a state in which the door of the pipe space 100 is opened as viewed from the front. As shown in FIG. 17, inside the EPS 110, the total power meters 111 of each dwelling unit are arranged on the upper side, the MDF 112 is arranged on the lower side, and a power trunk line and a light electrical wiring (vertical) are stored. . In the first floor EPS, a common board will be installed. Depending on the specifications of the building, an internet board, a CATV board, and the like are also installed in the EPS.

  As shown in FIG. 17, inside the MB 120, gas meters 122 are arranged on the upper side, and water meters 121 are arranged on the lower side, and water supply pipes and gas pipes (vertical) are housed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a multi-layered building used for an apartment house having a feeling of opening and comfort as a living space.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a building according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the 2nd floor to the 4th floor of the building concerning the preferred example of the present invention. 1 is a detailed plan view of a dwelling unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the Example by which the horizontal drainage pipe of the toilet by this invention penetrates a floor board, and is piped in a horizontal direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the Example by which the horizontal drain pipe of the unit bath by this invention penetrates a floor board, and is piped horizontally. It is a top view of the drainage system of the 2nd floor to the 4th floor of the building concerning the preferred example of the present invention. It is a top view of the exhaust equipment of the 2nd floor to the 4th floor of the building concerning the preferred example of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the Example by which the pressing metal object is provided in the edge part of the waterproof sheet laid in the substantially horizontal rooftop floor board by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the horizontal direction of the aluminum sash attached to the opening part of an outer wall. It is sectional drawing of the horizontal direction of the wall made concrete concrete finish. It is a plane detailed drawing of the dwelling unit which concerns on a suitable Example at the time of providing the decorative wall of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the Example by which the horizontal drainage pipe by this invention crosses an exhaust pipe in the kitchen ceiling back. 1 is a plan view of the top floor of a building according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a place where a roof drain is installed on a rooftop floor plate of a building according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pipe space of a building according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the state by which the door of the pipe space of the building which concerns on the suitable Example of this invention was closed from the front. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the state by which the door of the pipe space of the building which concerns on the suitable Example of this invention was opened from the front.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Building 12 Exterior wall 13 Floor board 14 Underground beam 15 Pressure-resistant board 16 Piping pit 17 Wood flooring 18 Reverse beam 19 Opening 20 Ground 21 Dwelling unit 22 Shared hallway 23 Stairs 24 Staircase room 25 Load-bearing wall 31 Living 32 Entrance 33 Toilet 34 Unit Bath 35 Kitchen 36 Washing machine storage space 37 Pipe space 41 Horizontal drainage pipe 42 Vertical drainage pipe 43 Exhaust pipe 44 Falling ceiling 45 Back of ceiling 46 Light steel frame 47 Plaster board 48 Bathtub 49 Leg bolt 50 Washing space 51 Rooftop floor board 52 Tarpaulin 53 Pressing foot 54 Screws 55 Sealing 61 Aluminum sashes 62 Shoji 63 Window frames 64 Wooden frames 65 Drying hardware 66 Vinyl cloth 67 Entrance doors 68 Shelf boards 71 Concrete-finished walls 72 Separator holes 73 Separator 74 Separators Bolt part of wall 75 Wall hanging piece 76 Decoration wall 78 Concrete joint part 80 Rain water horizontal drain pipe 81 Rain water drainage vertical pipe 82 Roof drain 85 Slab step 86 Slab bottom insulation 87 Closet 88 Closet ceiling 89 Closet ceiling back 90 Kitchen curtain panel 91 Kitchen top plate 95 Kitchen ceiling 100 Pipe space 110 EPS
111 Total electricity meter of each dwelling unit 112 MDF
120 MB
121 Water meter 122 Gas meter

Claims (5)

There are four floors on the ground where the dwelling units are located, and the height from the ground surface to the top edge of the rooftop floor board is 10 m or less,
A building in which a floor and a floor below the floor are separated by a floorboard,
Said certain floors, a plurality of types of plumbing equipment in said dwelling unit, a horizontal drainage pipe extending respectively connected to substantially horizontal direction to a plurality of types of water around facilities of these, the horizontal drainage pipe of these aggregate A vertical drain pipe that is connected and extends in the height direction,
The horizontal drainage pipe penetrates the floor board and extends in a substantially horizontal direction on the lower side of the floor board,
Under the floor of the certain floor, a ceiling of a plurality of types of watering facilities on the floor one floor below the certain floor is formed, and on the ceiling, the floor and the building one floor below the certain floor Both the exhaust pipe communicating with the outside of the pipe and the horizontal drain pipe are provided,
The exhaust pipe is disposed in the back of the ceiling so as not to intersect the horizontal drain pipe. In the building according to claim 1,
The certain floor is formed by partitioning a plurality of the dwelling units with bearing walls,
At least a part of the load-bearing wall partitions the inside of the dwelling unit from the outside of the dwelling unit,
The plurality of types of watering equipment in each dwelling unit are installed on a floor plate in a range approximately half of each dwelling unit in a substantially square shape in plan view, and this range forms at least a part of the inside of the dwelling unit and the outside of the dwelling unit A building that is in contact with the bearing wall. In the building according to claim 1 or 2,
A rooftop floor plate, an outer wall formed on the end portion of the rooftop floorboard in a vertical direction toward the ground surface, a waterproof sheet laid on the upper surface of the rooftop floorboard, and a presser fitting attached to an end portion of the waterproof sheet. With
The rooftop floor board is formed with a substantially horizontal rooftop floor surface,
The end portion of the rooftop floor plate is formed between a position approximately 45 mm above the rooftop floor surface from substantially the same plane as the rooftop floor surface,
The said press-down metal object is an upper surface edge part of the said floor board, and is provided in the outer surface upper end of the said outer wall, The building characterized by the above-mentioned. In the building in any one of Claim 1 to 3,
The building characterized by the upper surface of a 1st floor board being formed in the height substantially the same as the said ground surface. In the building according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A reinforced concrete underground beam and a reinforced concrete first-floor outer wall formed at the upper end of the underground beam;
A part of the first floor outer wall having a height of at least 100 mm from the ground surface is formed with the underground beam.

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