JP3878951B2 - Excavation apparatus having a construction column and excavation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for excavating a hole in the ground, and more particularly to a technique for excavating a hole for installing a telegraph pole, a guardrail, and the like.

In order to install a telegraph pole, a guardrail, etc., it is widely performed to send compressed air to a hammer and dig a hole with a hammer. In addition to striking, a large excavation force can be obtained by rotating the excavation rod. However, since excavation by hammering generates a large noise, it cannot be constructed around the residential area at night. In addition, a lot of dust is generated during excavation, which may adversely affect the surrounding environment.

Therefore, as a technique for suppressing dust scattering during excavation, it is described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 that a cylindrical cover for preventing dust scattering is provided around the drilling rod. Yes. Patent Document 2 describes that dust mixed with water is ejected inside the cover to suppress dust. Patent Document 3 describes that a water shower is applied to the dust discharged from this cover.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-27101 JP 2003-56271 A JP-A-8-270348

In excavation by hitting a down hammer, a large amount of dust is generated and scattered around. Patent Documents 1 to 3 each describe providing a cylindrical cover around the excavating rod to suppress dust scattering. However, in the techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3, a stealing rod is attached to a guide shell or a leader. In the technique described in Patent Document 2, a large rough terrain crane is used. Both use large-scale equipment and cannot be installed in narrow spaces. Therefore, the construction of the telegraph pole installation hole cannot be performed on a narrow road, and even if it is constructed, the road is largely blocked, and traffic is hindered during that time. In addition, if such a large-scale facility is used, the operation is inevitably complicated, but none of Patent Documents 1 to 3 describes an invention for facilitating the work. .

Further, in the method described in Patent Document 1, dust is sucked into a dust collector by a blower. However, dust is scattered to the outside together with air discharged from the blower unless a considerably fine filter is attached to the blower. Continued suction with a blower during work is a heavy work.

Patent Document 2 describes that air mixed with water is ejected into the cover to suppress dust. Patent Document 3 describes that a water shower is applied to the dust discharged from this cover. However, it is difficult to submerge the dust even if it is applied to the dust once rolled up, and if you try to completely suppress it, you will have to apply a lot of water and the consumption of water will increase. The work site will be flooded.

An object of the present invention is to provide a building column car, an excavation apparatus, and an excavation method that use a simple facility, can be constructed even in a narrow place, and do not scatter dust around the construction.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the excavation apparatus according to the present invention is an excavation apparatus having a construction wheel, and an arm for attaching an excavation rod, a compressor, and a flow rate of air supplied from the compressor are adjusted. A flow rate adjusting device, a power sprayer for mixing moisture into the air supplied from the compressor, a motor provided at the tip of the arm, a swivel suspended from the motor, and a drilling rod connected to the swivel A dust prevention cover provided on the ground surface around the excavation rod, and further having an operation table for operating the flow rate adjusting device and the power sprayer separately from the driver's seat, by Okusora tube connected to the power sprayer supplying air containing moisture in the drill rod from the swivel side actuates the down hammer Cutting performed injection while drilling air containing moisture from the rod tip, in which none to carry the cutting has been sand and rocks on the ground. The excavation rod may be replaced by making it possible to separate the motor and the swivel. The dust prevention cover has a body portion surrounding the excavation rod, a ceiling portion having a hole through which the excavation rod passes, and a plurality of exhaust ports provided in the body portion, and discharges air rising between the exhaust ports A guide for guiding in the direction can be formed on the substantially V shape between the discharge ports.

The excavation method according to the present invention is an excavation method for excavating a hole in the ground by a excavation rod having a down hammer attached to an arm of a building pole via a motor and a swivel. While adjusting the flow rate and mixing moisture with a power sprayer, supply it into the drilling rod through the side of the swivel, operate the down hammer with air containing this moisture and perform excavation while injecting air from the tip of the drilling rod , The earth and sand generated by cutting is carried to the ground and collected in a dust bag through the discharge port of the dust prevention cover provided on the ground surface around the excavation rod. It may be constructed by operating an arm, a motor, a flow rate adjusting device, and a power sprayer with an operating table provided separately from the driver's seat on the pillar car. Furthermore, a first excavation step of excavating while supplying a small amount of air to the excavation rod at the initial stage of excavation, and a second excavation step of excavating while supplying a larger amount of air to the excavation rod than the first excavation step. It may be provided, or water containing soap may be supplied into the drill rod while being mixed with air by a power sprayer.

According to the pillar car, the excavating apparatus, and the excavating method according to the present invention, moisture is mixed into the air for operating the down hammer and is ejected from the tip of the excavating rod. There is an effect that excavation without scattering can be realized. In addition, because it has an operating table for operating the arm, flow control device, and power sprayer, a single operator can perform the main operation of the device all together while checking the entire work, so that efficient work can be performed. It has the effect.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of the excavator. The excavator 1 has a construction column 2. A built-up column car is a vehicle equipped with the necessary equipment to install a telegraph pole, etc. Since it can move to a construction site through a general road, and it is small and can be used even in a narrow space, it is frequently used in the installation work of telegraph poles.

The construction column wheel 2 has an arm 3 that can be raised and lowered. Further, a flow rate adjusting device 4 for adjusting the flow rate of the compressed air is provided. In this example, a device called a line Euler is mounted as the flow rate adjusting device 4. An air supply hose 5 is connected to the output side of the flow rate adjusting device 4. The water tank 6 can store water and soapy water, and a power sprayer 7 is connected to the water tank 6 so that the water in the water tank 6 is atomized and mixed with the air output from the flow control device 4. Can do.

Since the column car travels on a general road, it has a driver's seat 8, but an operating console 9 is provided separately from the driver's seat 8. In this example, an operation table 9 is provided immediately behind the fulcrum of the arm 2. The operation table 9 is provided with operation means such as an operation lever, and the operator can control the raising and lowering of the arm. Furthermore, the operating table 9 is also provided with means for operating the flow rate adjusting device 4 and the power sprayer 7 so that the air flow rate can be adjusted and the amount of moisture supplied can be controlled.

A compressor 10 that generates compressed air is connected to the flow rate adjusting device 4. Although this compressor 10 may be mounted on a building column car, it may be installed on another vehicle or on the ground as shown in FIG.

A motor 11 is attached to the tip of the arm 3, and a drilling rod 13 is attached to the motor 11 via a swivel 12. Swivel 12 includes a non-rotating portion, a rotary portion provided rotatably through a bearing to a non-rotating portion. A hose attachment port 14 for attaching the air supply hose 5 is provided on the side of the non-rotating part . The rotating portion is provided with an air passage along the central axis, and is further provided with a passage for passing air from the hose attachment port 14 to the central axis.

The lower part of the excavation rod is a down hammer 15 which moves up and down by compressed air supplied from the swivel 12 through an air passage provided in the central shaft, and excavates by hitting with the tip. . A dust prevention cover 16 is attached on the ground surface around the excavation rod.

In the construction column car 2 shown in FIG. 1, the motor and the swivel can be separated. Therefore, several different types of excavation rods are prepared, and various rods such as ones with different hole diameters or tips with tailored soil conditions are prepared, and the most suitable ones according to the construction conditions. Can be selected and attached to the motor. Thereby, various construction can be performed with one building pillar car. This is because the swivel of the building column 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a hose attachment port 14 on the side, and can supply air into the excavation rod from the side. The conventional column car does not have such a swivel, and has a structure in which air is supplied through a passage leading from the motor to the upper part of the excavation rod, so the arm, the motor and the excavation rod have to be configured integrally. Therefore, one pillar car had only one kind of excavation rod, and only limited construction work was possible. The construction pole car of this embodiment can replace different excavation rods freely, has high versatility, and can cover the use of several cars with one construction pole car. Moreover, it is needless to say that a drilling rod having the same specification as that provided for a conventional building pole can be attached, and therefore the function of the conventional building pole can be performed.

Next, the excavation method using the excavator 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The construction column 2 is moved to the site where excavation is performed. Since the construction column 2 has a vehicle body similar to a normal truck or the like, it can travel on a general road. The motor 11, the swivel 12, and the excavation rod 13 can move even when attached to the arm 3 of the construction column 2. Unlike heavy machinery such as crane trucks, you can enter narrow streets such as residential areas. Because it is small, it only occupies a narrow width and there are few cases where the road is completely closed.

When the construction column car 2 and other materials arrive at the site, the compressor 10 is connected to the flow control device 4. The arm 3 is operated with the operation table 9 to move the excavation rod 13 to a position for excavation, and a dust prevention cover 16 is attached around the excavation rod 13.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of excavation work. A dust bag 18 is attached to the discharge port 17 of the dust prevention cover 16. Then, the compressor 10 and the power sprayer 7 are operated, and compressed air mixed with mist-like moisture is fed from the side portion of the swivel 12 and supplied to the excavation rod 13. The air supplied to the excavation rod 13 moves the down hammer 15 up and down, and is sent to the tip and injected into the ground. In addition to the hitting of the down hammer 15, excavation is performed strongly by the rotation of the excavation rod 13 by the motor 11. In the example of FIG. 1, since the compressed air is supplied from the side rather than the upper part of the swivel 12, the motor 11 is thus attached to the upper part of the swivel 12, and the rod 13 can be rotated by the motor 11. . Therefore, compared with the case where a rotary motor is fixed and rotated in the middle of an excavation rod, it can be made much simpler and small equipment.

FIG. 2 shows a state where the digging is carried out to a certain depth. The compressed air supplied to the excavation rod 13 is used to move the down hammer up and down, and then injected from the tip of the excavation rod 13. The earth and sand cut by the tip of the excavation rod 13 is carried upward by this compressed air. The cut earth and sand etc. rises between the outer periphery of the excavation rod 13 and the excavated hole and are carried to the ground. The earth and sand carried when entering the ground enters the dust prevention cover 16. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the dust prevention cover, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA. The dust prevention cover 16 is divided into two parts that can be connected and separated. The connecting portions 19 are aligned and connected by bolts. The body portion 20 is substantially cylindrical, and the ceiling portion 21 is an annular plate member having a hole through which the excavation rod 13 penetrates in the central portion, and rubber or the like for closing a gap with the excavation rod 13 can be attached. It can be done.

A plurality of discharge ports 17 are provided in a duct shape in the upper portion of the body portion 20. A guide 22 is provided between the discharge ports 17 inside the dust prevention cover 16. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA, showing the shape of the guide 22. As seen in FIG. 5, the guide 22 is formed in a substantially V shape between the discharge ports 17. The earth and sand carried by the compressed air from the bottom of the hole being excavated is changed in the traveling direction by this guide and proceeds toward the discharge port 17. Thus, the cut earth and sand are collected in the dust bag 18 attached to the discharge port 17 without being scattered outside.

Here, since the air injected from the tip of the excavation rod 13 contains moisture, it is difficult for dust to be generated even when sprayed on the cut earth and sand. As in the conventional excavation method, a large amount of dust is generated when drilling with a down hammer while injecting only air, so it is easy to apply water later as described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3. The dust cannot be calmed down. However, according to the excavation method of the present invention, since generation of dust at the time when earth and sand or rock is cut with a down hammer is suppressed, there is a high dust suppression effect with less water. Therefore, a large amount of water is not discharged and the construction site is not flooded.

Soap water can be mixed into the air injected from the tip of the excavation rod 13. The water tank 6 may be filled with soapy water and the power sprayer 7 makes the soapy water mist and mix it with air. In the case of construction in a clay layer, the soil containing clay can be discharged from the hole excavated smoothly by using soapy water.

The raising and lowering of the arm 3, the rotation control of the motor 11, and the control of the flow rate adjusting device 4 and the power sprayer 7 are all operated on the operation console 9. Therefore, the main work of the construction is mostly performed by one worker on the operation table 9, and if there is an auxiliary worker who replaces the dust bag 18 or the like, the construction can be performed. Since one operator performs major operations while looking down on the entire construction from the operation console 9, safe and efficient work is performed.

Since the flow rate adjusting device 4 can be freely operated on the operation table 9, it is possible to perform construction while supplying air at the most suitable flow rate in each step of excavation. For example, in the process from immediately after the start of excavation until reaching a certain depth, noise and vibration can be reduced by restricting the flow rate adjusting device 4 to provide a relatively small amount of air. And in the process of excavating a deep part, it can excavate by opening the flow control device 4 and supplying much air. When the hole becomes deeper, noise and vibration are less likely to leak to the surroundings, so that even if air is supplied more than in the initial process, problems are unlikely to occur. In this way, by adjusting the air supply amount according to the progress stage of excavation while operating the flow control device 4, noise and vibration are reduced, and environmental problems may occur even in densely populated houses or at night. Can be constructed without causing

The present invention can be excavated by a small and simple facility, and can be used as an apparatus or a construction method for installing a telegraph pole, a guard rail, or the like. Since dust and dust are not scattered around and noise and vibration can be suppressed, it can be used as a versatile apparatus and construction method that can be widely constructed including densely populated areas.

It is a schematic diagram of a drilling apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the condition of excavation work. It is a top view which shows a dust prevention cover. It is the same AA sectional view. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 3, and shows the detail of a guide.

Explanation of symbols

1. Excavator 2. Construction pillar car 3. Arm 4. 4. Flow rate adjusting device 5. Air supply hose 6. Water tank Power sprayer8. Driver's seat9. Operation console 10. Compressor 11. Motor 12. Swivel 13. Drilling rod 14. Hose attachment port 15. Down hammer 16. Dust prevention cover 17. Outlet 18. Dust bag 19. Connection unit 20. Body part 21. Ceiling part 22. guide

Claims (7)

An excavation device having a pillar car, an arm for attaching an excavation rod, a compressor, a flow rate adjusting device for adjusting a flow rate of air supplied from the compressor, and water mixed in the air supplied from the compressor A power sprayer, a motor provided at the tip of the arm, a swivel suspended from the motor, a drill rod connected to the swivel, and a dust prevention cover provided on the ground surface around the drill rod And an operation console for operating the flow rate adjusting device and the power sprayer separately from the driver's seat, and moisture is supplied from the side of the swivel by an air pipe connected to the flow rate adjusting device and the power sprayer. Drilling while supplying the air containing it into the drilling rod and operating the down hammer and injecting air containing moisture from the tip of the drilling rod Performed, drilling device without to carry cutting has been soil and rocks to the ground. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the motor and the swivel can be separated from each other, and the excavation rod can be replaced. The dust prevention cover has a body portion surrounding the excavation rod, a ceiling portion having a hole through which the excavation rod passes, and a plurality of discharge ports provided in the body portion, and discharges air rising between the discharge ports. The excavation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a guide for guiding in the direction is formed in a substantially V shape between the discharge ports. In the excavation method of digging a hole in the ground by a drill rod having a down hammer attached to the arm of a construction pole via a motor and a swivel, the flow of air supplied from the compressor is adjusted by a flow control device and moisture is supplied by a power sprayer Is supplied into the drilling rod through the side of the swivel while mixing, and the downhammer is operated by the moisture-containing air and the drilling is performed while the air is ejected from the tip of the drilling rod to carry the earth and sand generated by cutting to the ground. The excavation method which collects with a dust bag through the discharge port of the dust prevention cover provided on the ground surface around the excavation rod. The excavation method according to claim 4, wherein the excavation method is performed by operating an arm, a motor, a flow rate adjusting device, and a power sprayer on an operating stand provided separately from the driver's seat on the building pole. A first excavation step of excavating while supplying a small amount of air to the excavation rod at the initial stage of excavation, and a second excavation step of excavating while supplying a larger amount of air to the excavation rod than the first excavation step. The excavation method according to claim 4 or claim 5. The excavation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein water containing soap is supplied into the excavation rod while being mixed with air by a power sprayer.

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