JP3855353B2

JP3855353B2 - Water heater

Info

Publication number: JP3855353B2
Application number: JP09879097A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 順一植田
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1997-04-16
Filing date: 1997-04-16
Publication date: 2006-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2017-04-16
Also published as: JPH10288395A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は出湯時の立上り温度を早くした給湯機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来のこの種の給湯装置は特開平４−２７０８２９号公報に記載されているようなものが一般的であった。この給湯装置は図９に示すように入水管路１と、供給される水を加熱する熱交換器２と、出湯管路３と、出湯管路３の先の給湯栓４と、バイパス管路６と、バイパス管路６に設けられる水量調節弁７と、出湯管路３の途中Ｃから分岐して入水管路１のバイパス管路６の分岐点Ａより下流位置に接続する（接続点をＤで示す）温水循環用戻し管路８と、前記戻し管路８に設けられる循環ポンプ９とを有し、即出湯モード時には温
水を戻し管路８を通して出湯管路３から熱交換器２に循環させて待機するように構成されている。
【０００３】
そして上記の構成によって給湯栓が解放されると即出湯されるようにようになっていた。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記従来の給湯装置では、給湯機本体と給湯栓の配管を往復の２経路設置しなければならないので、大がかりな配管工事になり、コストが高く付く等の理由で、一般的には普及しにくいという課題があった。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題を解決するため、バーナを熱源とするとともに、入水管を介して送り込まれた水を湯に熱交換して出湯管へ出す熱交換器と、前記入水管に設けた入口サーミスタと、前記出湯管を流動する湯の温度を検出する給湯サーミスタと、前記給湯サーミスタの検出温度と温度設定手段で設定された給湯温度とが合致するように前記バーナの燃焼量を調節するガスブロックと、出湯開始時、前記温度設定手段で設定された設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯した後、前記設定温度に給湯温度を戻す制御部とを具備し、この制御部は、前回出湯時の設定温度より給湯配管に奪われる熱量を予測して、設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯するようにしたものである。
【０００６】
したがって、出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の給湯機は、バーナを熱源とするとともに、入水管を介して送り込まれた水を湯に熱交換して出湯管へ出す熱交換器と、前記入水管に設けた入口サーミスタと、前記出湯管を流動する湯の温度を検出する給湯サーミスタと、前記給湯サーミスタの検出温度と温度設定手段で設定された給湯温度とが合致するように前記バーナの燃焼量を調節するガスブロックと、出湯開始時、前記温度設定手段で設定された設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯した後、前記設定温度に給湯温度を戻す制御部とを具備し、この制御部は、前回出湯時の設定温度より給湯配管に奪われる熱量を予測して、設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯するようにした。
【０００８】
このように、前回出湯時の設定温度より給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することで、この設定温度より高い給湯温度ΔＴと所定時間ΔＬを決定して出湯させ、その後、設定温度に給湯温度を戻すため、給湯配管の温度を冷却された状態から素早く設定した給湯温度に加熱することができ、出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【０００９】
また、本発明の給湯機は、バーナを熱源とするとともに、入水管を介して送り込まれた水を湯に熱交換して出湯管へ出す熱交換器と、前記入水管に設けた入口サーミスタと、前記出湯管を流動する湯の温度を検出する給湯サーミスタと、前記給湯サーミスタの検出温度と温度設定手段で設定された給湯温度とが合致するように前記バーナの燃焼量を調節するガスブロックと、出湯開始時、前記温度設定手段で設定された設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯した後、前記設定温度に給湯温度を戻す制御部とを具備し、この制御部は、前回出湯時の連続出湯時間より給湯配管に奪われる熱量を予測して、設定温度より高い給湯温度の湯を所定時間出湯するようにした。
【００１０】
このように、前回の連続出湯時間より給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することで前記ΔＴとΔＬを決定し、設定温度より＋ΔＴ高い給湯温度の湯をΔＬ時間出湯した後、設定温度に給湯温度を戻すため、給湯配管の温度を冷却された状態から素早く設定した給湯温度に加熱することができ、出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００１１】
以下、本発明の実施例を述べる前に参考実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
【００１２】
（参考実施例１）
図１，２において、１１はファン、１２はバーナ、１３はガス供給部でその燃焼量はガスブロック１４で制御される。１５は熱交換器で入口側には入水管１６、出口側には出湯管１７が接続され、熱交換器１５をバイパスするように水量調節弁１８が入水管１６と出湯管１７の間に設けられている。
【００１３】
入水管には入水温度を計測する入口サーミスタ１９が、出湯管には熱交換器１５出口の湯温を計測する出口サーミスタ２０が、水量調節弁と出湯管が合流した後には給湯機出口温度を計測する給湯サーミスタ２１が取付られている。２２は給湯配管、２３は給湯栓である。そして給湯温度をリモコン２４によって設定し、給湯機全体を制御部２５によって制御する。
【００１４】
次に動作、作用について説明する。入水管１６入口より供給された水は入口サーミスタ１９で温度計測された後、入水管１６と水量調節弁１８の二方向に分岐され、入水管１６を通過した水は熱交換器１５によって加熱され湯となり出口サーミスタ２０で温度計測された後、出湯管１７を通過し水量調節弁１８を通過してきた水と混合され給湯サーミスタ２１で温度計測後給湯配管２２を通って給湯栓２３より吐出される。
【００１５】
熱交換器１５による加熱量はリモコン２４で設定された湯温と入口サーミスタ１９より計測された水温より決定され、ガスはガスブロック１４で燃料調節した後ガス供給部１３からバーナ１２に送られ燃焼して熱交換器１５に伝熱される。
【００１６】
本参考実施例１の給湯機は、上記一般の動作に加え、図２に示すように出湯開始時にリモコン２４で設定された温度（Ｔ）より高い給湯温度（Ｔ＋ΔＴ）の湯を一定時間（ΔＬ）出湯した後リモコン２４で設定された温度（Ｔ）に給湯温度を戻すことに特徴がある。
【００１７】
これによって出湯開始前、外気温と同レベルまで冷却されていた給湯配管２２による出湯初期の湯からの放熱ロス分（Ｄ）をリモコン２４で設定された温度より高い温度の湯（（Ｔ＋ΔＴ）×ΔＬ）で加熱することが出来、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。よって給湯栓２３での温水のでるまでの待ち時間が短縮され、使い勝手が向上するとともに死に水を少なくすることができ水の節水にも効果がある。
【００１８】
続いて具体例で説明する。標準的な給湯機の配管及び使用条件を次のように設定する。
【００１９】
給湯配管銅管 φ１６ｍｍｔ１．０５ｍ
周囲温度（外気温）１５℃
リモコン設定温度４０℃
出湯流量１２Ｌ／分（＝０．２Ｌ／Ｓ）
給湯配管の必要加熱熱容量Ｍの計算
配管容積Ｖ＝（π×０．０１６^２／４−π×０．０１４^２／４）×５＝０．０００２３６ｍ^３
銅比重 γ＝８９００ｋｇ／ｍ^３
銅比熱Ｃｐ＝０．１００ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇ・ｄｅｇ
Ｍ＝銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差＝０．０００２３６×８９００×０．１００×（４０−１５）＝５．２４ｋｃａｌ
上記計算により給湯配管を冷却時の１５℃からリモコン２４設定温度４０℃に上昇させるには５．２４ｋｃａｌ必要であり、出湯初期の湯は５．２４ｋｃａｌ分の熱容量（Ｄ）を給湯配管に奪われることになる。よってこの必要加熱熱容量分（Ｍ）をリモコン２４設定温度の湯に足しておくと給湯栓での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００２０】
ΔＴ×ΔＬ×Ｑ＝Ｍ＝Ｄの関係が成立する。次表に適当なΔＴ、ΔＬを上げてみる。
【００２１】
【表１】
【００２２】
ＮＯ１の場合、出湯開始時にリモコン２４で設定された温度（４０℃）より高い給湯温度（４２℃）の湯を一定時間（１２．５Ｓ）出湯した後リモコン２４で設定された温度（４０℃）に給湯温度を戻すと給湯栓での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００２３】
なお、給湯機出口での出湯温度の立ち上がりが速い方がより給湯栓２３での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりに効果があるので熱交換器１５内の温度をバーナ１２で間欠的に加熱させておき高温状態にしておくことと、出湯初期時には水量制御弁１８を閉止状態にして給湯機出口での出湯温度立ち上げを速くできるようにすることはいうまでもない。
【００２４】
（参考実施例２）
図３は参考実施例２を示し、参考実施例１と異なる点は給湯配管２２の温度を検知する給湯配管サーミスタ２６を設けた点である。なお、参考実施例１と同作用を発揮する構成については同一符号を付し、説明は参考実施例１のものを援用する。
【００２５】
次に動作、作用を説明すると、給湯配管サーミスタ２６の温度により給湯配管２２の温度を直接測定し、リモコン２４で設定した温度との温度差を入力することで給湯配管２２の必要加熱熱容量Ｍを精度よく算出することができる。よって実施例１のように給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを予想で計算するのと違い確実に算出できるため、最適なΔＴ・ΔＬを設定し、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００２６】
（参考実施例３）
図４は参考実施例３を示し、参考実施例１、または２と異なる点は給湯機の外装部２７外側あるいは給湯機内部で外気と連通する位置に外気温センサ２８を設けた点である。なお、参考実施例１，２と同作用を発揮する構成については同一符号を付し、説明は参考実施例１，２のものを援用する。
【００２７】
次に動作、作用を説明すると、通常外気温と同レベルにあると考えられる給湯配管２２の温度を外気温センサ２８の温度と置換して給湯配管２２の必要加熱熱容量Ｍを算出することができる。よって実施例１のように給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを予想で計算するのと違い精度よく算出できるため、最適なΔＴ・ΔＬを設定し、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。また外気温センサ２８を給湯機本体に設置するため、実施例２のように給湯配管２２途中にある給湯配管サーミスタ２６と給湯機本体を接続する配線も必要無いという効果がある。
【００２８】
（参考実施例４）
図５，６において、前回出湯終了時から再出湯開始までの経過時間Ｘより給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを予測し、最適なΔＴ・ΔＬをを求め、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くする。具体的には給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを次に示すような配管冷却度Ａを定義して湯温制御する。
【００２９】
Ｘ≧ＺＡ＝１
Ｘ＜ＺＡ＝Ｘ／Ｚ：飽和配管冷却時間Ｚは予め設定しておき例えば６０分としておくよって給湯配管の必要加熱熱容量Ｍは
Ｍ＝Ａ×銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差
となる。
【００３０】
経過時間Ｘが３０分の場合Ａ＝３０／６０＝０．５となる。他の条件を実施例１の具体例と同条件設定にするとΔＴ、ΔＬは次表のようになる。
【００３１】
【表２】
【００３２】
ＮＯ１の場合、出湯開始時にリモコン２４で設定された温度（４０℃）より高い給湯温度（４２℃）の湯を一定時間（６．２５Ｓ）出湯した後リモコン２４で設定された温度（４０℃）に給湯温度を戻すと給湯栓での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００３３】
以下本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照しつつ説明する。
【００３４】
（実施例１）
図７は本発明の実施例１における給湯機の湯温制御ブロックを示し、動作、作用を説明すると、前回出湯終了時設定されていたリモコン設定温度Ｔ１より給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを予測し、最適なΔＴ・ΔＬをを求め、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くする。給湯配管２２の冷却度合いは前回出湯時設定されていた温度が高いほど周囲との温度差が大きくなり冷却度も大きくなる。よってこれを補正するために次に示すような配管冷却度Ｂを定義して湯温制御する。
【００３５】
Ｂ＝（（Ｔ１−１５）／（７５−１５））^２
よって給湯配管の必要加熱熱容量ＭはＭ＝Ｂ×銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差となる。
【００３６】
また、実際には参考実施例４のように前回出湯終了時から再出湯開始までの経過時間があり、
Ｍ＝Ａ×Ｂ×銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差
となる。ΔＴ・ΔＬ＝Ｍ／Ｑより最適なΔＴ・ΔＬをを求め出湯開始時にリモコン２４で設定された温度ＴよりΔＴ高い給湯温度の湯を一定時間ΔＬ出湯した後リモコン２４で設定された温度に給湯温度を戻すと給湯栓での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００３７】
（実施例２）
図８は本発明の実施例２を示す。動作、作用を説明すると、前回の連続出湯時間Ｙより給湯配管２２の冷却度合いを予測し、最適なΔＴ・ΔＬを求め、給湯栓２３からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くする。給湯配管２２の冷却度合いは前回の連続出湯時間Ｙが短い程大きくなり、給湯配管２２が給湯設定温度Ｔと等しくなる給湯配管設定温度到達時間Ｃを越えると一定となる。よってこれを補正するために次に示すような配管冷却度Ｅを定義して湯温制御する。
【００３８】
Ｙ≧ＣＥ＝１
Ｙ＜ＣＥ＝ｅ^{（１−Ｙ／Ｃ）}
よって給湯配管の必要加熱熱容量Ｍは
Ｍ＝Ｅ×銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差
となる。また、実際には実施例４、５のように前回出湯終了時から再出湯開始までの経過時間、前回出湯終了時設定されていたリモコン設定温度によっても、必要加熱熱容量Ｍが変わるので、
Ｍ＝Ａ×Ｂ×Ｅ×銅管質量（Ｖ）×比重（γ）×比熱（Ｃｐ）×温度差
となる。
【００３９】
ΔＴ・ΔＬ＝Ｍ／Ｑより最適なΔＴ・ΔＬをを求め出湯開始時にリモコン２４で設定された温度ＴよりΔＴ高い給湯温度の湯を一定時間ΔＬ出湯した後リモコン２４で設定された温度に給湯温度を戻すと給湯栓での湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４０】
以上各参考実施例、および各実施例の技術的意義をまとめれば以下の通りである。
【００４１】
（１）出湯時リモコンで設定された温度より高い給湯温度の湯を一定時間出湯した後リモコンで設定された温度に給湯温度を戻すことで、給湯配管の温度を冷却された状態から素早く設定した給湯温度に加熱することができ、出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。また給湯配管を１本で構成することができるため、給湯配管を往復の２経路設置する大がかりな配管工事も必要なく、従来の給湯機と同じ設置形態をとることが出来る。
【００４２】
（２）給湯配管の温度を検知する給湯配管サーミスタを備え、給湯配管サーミスタの温度により給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することで精度の高いΔＴとΔＬを決定し出湯時リモコンで設定された温度より＋ΔＴ高い給湯温度の湯をΔＬ時間出湯した後リモコンで設定された温度に給湯温度を戻すため、給湯配管の温度を冷却された状態から素早く設定した給湯温度に加熱することができ、出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４３】
（３）給湯機の外装部外側あるいは給湯機内部で外気と連通する位置に外気温センサを備え、外気温より給湯配管の冷却度合いを精度良く予測することでΔＴとΔＬを決定し、出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４４】
（４）前回出湯終了から再出湯開始までの経過時間より給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することでΔＴとΔＬを決定し出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４５】
（５）前回出湯時のリモコンで設定された温度より給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することでΔＴとΔＬを決定し出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４６】
（６）前回の連続出湯時間より給湯配管の冷却度合いを予測することでΔＴとΔＬを決定し出湯初期の給湯配管による湯からの放熱を無くし給湯栓からの湯の出湯温度の立ち上がりを速くすることができる。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の給湯機は、出湯温度の立ち上がり特性が著しく高められ、その使い勝手を大いに高めることができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の参考実施例１における給湯機の構成図
【図２】同給湯機の湯温制御特性図
【図３】本発明の参考実施例２における給湯機の構成図
【図４】本発明の参考実施例３における給湯機の構成図
【図５】本発明の参考実施例４における給湯機の湯温制御を示すフローチャート
【図６】本発明の参考実施例４における給湯機の湯温特性図
【図７】本発明の実施例１における給湯機の湯温制御を示すフローチャート
【図８】本発明の実施例２における給湯機の湯温制御を示すフローチャート
【図９】従来の給湯装置の構成概略図
【符号の説明】
１２バーナ
１４ガスブロック
１５熱交換器
１６入水管
１７出湯管
１８水量調節弁
１９入口サーミスタ
２０出口サーミスタ
２１給湯サーミスタ
２２給湯配管
２３給湯栓
２４リモコン
２５制御部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water heater with a rising temperature at the time of tapping.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional hot water supply apparatus of this kind is generally as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-270829. As shown in FIG. 9, this hot water supply apparatus includes a water inlet line 1, a heat exchanger 2 for heating supplied water, a hot water outlet line 3, a hot water tap 4 at the end of the hot water outlet line 3, and a bypass pipe line. 6, a water amount adjusting valve 7 provided in the bypass pipeline 6, and a branch from the middle C of the tap water pipeline 3, and is connected to a downstream position from the branch point A of the bypass pipeline 6 of the incoming water pipeline 1. D) and a circulation pump 9 provided in the return pipe 8, and in the quick hot water mode, warm water is passed from the hot water pipe 3 to the heat exchanger 2 through the return pipe 8. It is configured to circulate and wait.
[0003]
And when the hot water tap is released by the above configuration, the hot water is immediately discharged.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional hot water supply apparatus, since the water heater main body and the hot water tap pipe must be installed in two reciprocal paths, it is generally popular because of large piping work and high cost. There was a problem that it was difficult.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat exchanger that uses a burner as a heat source, heat-exchanges water fed through a water inlet pipe to hot water, and outputs the water to a hot water outlet pipe, and an inlet thermistor provided in the water inlet pipe A hot water thermistor for detecting the temperature of hot water flowing through the hot water discharge pipe, and a gas block for adjusting the combustion amount of the burner so that the detected temperature of the hot water thermistor matches the hot water temperature set by the temperature setting means And at the start of pouring hot water, a controller that returns hot water having a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature set by the temperature setting means for a predetermined time, and then returns the hot water temperature to the set temperature. the amount of heat taken away from the hot water supply pipe set temperature at the time of tapping in anticipation, in which the hot water is higher than the set temperature hot water supply temperature was set to a predetermined time tapping.
[0006]
Therefore, the rise of the tapping temperature can be accelerated.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The hot water supply apparatus of the present invention uses a burner as a heat source, heat exchanger for exchanging water fed through the water inlet pipe into hot water, and feeding it to the hot water outlet pipe, an inlet thermistor provided in the water inlet pipe, A hot water thermistor for detecting the temperature of hot water flowing in the hot water pipe, a gas block for adjusting the combustion amount of the burner so that the detected temperature of the hot water thermistor matches the hot water temperature set by the temperature setting means, And a controller that returns hot water having a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature set by the temperature setting means for a predetermined time, and then returns the hot water temperature to the set temperature. The amount of heat taken by the hot water supply pipe from the set temperature is predicted, and hot water having a hot water supply temperature higher than the set temperature is discharged for a predetermined time.
[0008]
In this way, by predicting the cooling degree of the hot water supply pipe from the preset temperature at the time of the last hot water discharge, the hot water supply temperature ΔT and the predetermined time ΔL higher than the preset temperature are determined and discharged, and then the hot water supply temperature is returned to the set temperature. Therefore, the temperature of the hot water supply pipe can be quickly heated from the cooled state to the set hot water supply temperature, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap can be made faster by eliminating heat radiation from the hot water supply pipe in the initial stage of hot water supply. it can.
[0009]
In addition, the water heater of the present invention uses a burner as a heat source, heat exchanger that exchanges heat fed into the hot water through the water inlet pipe to the hot water outlet, and an outlet thermistor provided in the water inlet pipe. A hot water thermistor for detecting the temperature of hot water flowing through the hot water discharge pipe, and a gas block for adjusting the combustion amount of the burner so that the detected temperature of the hot water thermistor matches the hot water temperature set by the temperature setting means; And a controller that returns hot water having a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature set by the temperature setting means for a predetermined time and then returns the hot water temperature to the set temperature. The amount of heat lost to the hot water supply pipe is predicted from the continuous hot water discharge time, and hot water having a hot water supply temperature higher than the set temperature is discharged for a predetermined time.
[0010]
Thus, ΔT and ΔL are determined by predicting the cooling degree of the hot water supply pipe from the previous continuous hot water discharge time, hot water having a hot water temperature + ΔT higher than the set temperature is discharged for ΔL time, and then the hot water temperature is set to the set temperature. In order to return, the temperature of the hot water supply pipe can be quickly heated from the cooled state to the set hot water temperature, eliminating heat dissipation from the hot water at the initial hot water supply pipe and making the rise of the hot water temperature from the hot water tap faster. Can do.
[0011]
Before describing embodiments of the present invention, reference embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
(Reference Example 1)
In FIGS. 1 and 2, 11 is a fan, 12 is a burner, 13 is a gas supply unit, and the amount of combustion is controlled by a gas block 14. A heat exchanger 15 is connected with a water inlet pipe 16 on the inlet side and a hot water outlet pipe 17 on the outlet side. A water amount adjusting valve 18 is provided between the water inlet pipe 16 and the hot water outlet pipe 17 so as to bypass the heat exchanger 15. It has been.
[0013]
An inlet thermistor 19 that measures the temperature of the incoming water is provided in the inlet pipe, and an outlet thermistor 20 that measures the hot water temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger 15 is provided in the outlet pipe, and the outlet temperature of the water heater is adjusted after the water amount adjusting valve and the outlet pipe are joined. A hot water supply thermistor 21 to be measured is attached. 22 is a hot water supply pipe, and 23 is a hot water tap. Then, the hot water supply temperature is set by the remote controller 24, and the entire water heater is controlled by the control unit 25.
[0014]
Next, the operation and action will be described. The temperature of the water supplied from the inlet pipe 16 is measured by the inlet thermistor 19 and then branched in two directions, the inlet pipe 16 and the water amount adjustment valve 18. The water passing through the inlet pipe 16 is heated by the heat exchanger 15. After the temperature is measured by the outlet thermistor 20 as hot water, it is mixed with the water that has passed through the hot water outlet pipe 17 and the water amount adjustment valve 18, and after temperature measurement by the hot water supply thermistor 21, is discharged from the hot water tap 23 through the hot water supply pipe 22. .
[0015]
The heating amount by the heat exchanger 15 is determined from the hot water temperature set by the remote controller 24 and the water temperature measured by the inlet thermistor 19, and the gas is adjusted by the gas block 14 and then sent from the gas supply unit 13 to the burner 12 for combustion. Then, heat is transferred to the heat exchanger 15.
[0016]
In addition to the above-described general operation, the hot water supply apparatus according to the first embodiment supplies hot water having a hot water supply temperature (T + ΔT) higher than the temperature (T) set by the remote controller 24 at the start of hot water discharge as shown in FIG. A feature is that the hot water supply temperature is returned to the temperature (T) set by the remote controller 24 after the hot water is discharged.
[0017]
As a result, before starting the hot water, the heat dissipation loss (D) from the hot water at the initial stage of the hot water by the hot water supply pipe 22 that has been cooled to the same level as the outside air temperature is set to a temperature higher than the temperature set by the remote controller 24 ((T + ΔT) × ΔL) can be heated, and the rising temperature of the hot water discharged from the hot-water tap 23 can be increased. Therefore, the waiting time until the hot water is poured at the hot-water tap 23 is shortened, the usability is improved, and the water can be reduced to death, which is effective in saving water.
[0018]
Next, a specific example will be described. Standard water heater piping and usage conditions are set as follows.
[0019]
Hot water supply pipe Copper pipe φ16mm t1.05m
Ambient temperature (outside temperature) 15 ℃
Remote control set temperature 40 ℃
Hot water flow rate 12L / min (= 0.2L / S)
Calculation of required heating heat capacity M of hot water supply pipe Piping volume V = (π × 0.016 ² /4−π×0.014 ² /4)×5=0.000236 m ³
Copper specific gravity γ = 8900kg / m ³
Copper specific heat Cp = 0.100 kcal / kg · deg
M = copper tube mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference = 0.000236 × 8900 × 0.100 × (40−15) = 5.24 kcal
According to the above calculation, 5.24 kcal is required to raise the hot water supply pipe from 15 ° C. at the time of cooling to the remote controller 24 set temperature 40 ° C., and the hot water in the initial stage of hot water is deprived of the heat capacity (D) for 5.24 kcal by the hot water supply pipe. It will be. Therefore, if this required heating heat capacity (M) is added to the hot water of the remote control 24 set temperature, the rise of the hot water discharge temperature at the hot water tap can be accelerated.
[0020]
The relationship ΔT × ΔL × Q = M = D is established. In the following table, increase appropriate ΔT and ΔL.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
In the case of NO1, hot water having a hot water supply temperature (42 ° C.) higher than the temperature (40 ° C.) set by the remote controller 24 at the start of the hot water supply is discharged for a certain time (12.5 S) and then set by the remote controller 24 (40 ° C.). When the hot water temperature is returned to, the rise of the hot water discharge temperature at the hot water tap can be accelerated.
[0023]
It should be noted that the faster rise of the hot water temperature at the outlet of the hot water heater is more effective in raising the hot water temperature at the hot water tap 23, so that the temperature in the heat exchanger 15 is intermittently heated by the burner 12 and the temperature is high. Needless to say, in the initial stage of hot water supply, the water amount control valve 18 is closed so that the hot water temperature rise at the outlet of the hot water supply can be made faster.
[0024]
(Reference Example 2)
FIG. 3 shows a reference embodiment 2. A difference from the reference embodiment 1 is that a hot water supply pipe thermistor 26 for detecting the temperature of the hot water supply pipe 22 is provided. In addition, about the structure which exhibits the effect | action similar to the reference example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the thing of the reference example 1 is used for description.
[0025]
Next, the operation and action will be described. The temperature of the hot water supply pipe 22 is directly measured by the temperature of the hot water supply pipe thermistor 26, and the required heating heat capacity M of the hot water supply pipe 22 is obtained by inputting the temperature difference from the temperature set by the remote controller 24. It can be calculated with high accuracy. Therefore, since the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 can be calculated with certainty unlike the case of the first embodiment, the optimum ΔT · ΔL is set, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap 23 is made faster. Can do.
[0026]
(Reference Example 3)
FIG. 4 shows a reference embodiment 3, which is different from the reference embodiment 1 or 2 in that an outside air temperature sensor 28 is provided at a position communicating with the outside air outside the exterior portion 27 of the water heater or inside the water heater. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure which exhibits the effect | action similar to Reference Example 1, 2, and the thing of Reference Example 1, 2 is used for description.
[0027]
Next, the operation and action will be described. The required heating heat capacity M of the hot water supply pipe 22 can be calculated by replacing the temperature of the hot water supply pipe 22 considered to be at the same level as the normal outside air temperature with the temperature of the external air temperature sensor 28. . Therefore, since the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 can be calculated with high accuracy unlike the case of the first embodiment, the optimum ΔT / ΔL is set, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap 23 is made faster. Can do. Further, since the outside air temperature sensor 28 is installed in the water heater main body, there is an effect that there is no need for wiring for connecting the hot water supply thermistor 26 in the middle of the hot water supply pipe 22 and the water heater main body as in the second embodiment.
[0028]
(Reference Example 4)
5 and 6, the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 is predicted from the elapsed time X from the end of the last hot water discharge to the start of re-hot water, the optimum ΔT · ΔL is obtained, and the rising temperature of the hot water discharged from the hot water tap 23 is determined. Make it faster. Specifically, the cooling degree of the hot water supply pipe 22 is defined as the following pipe cooling degree A to control the hot water temperature.
[0029]
X ≧ Z A = 1
X <Z A = X / Z: The saturation pipe cooling time Z is set in advance, for example, 60 minutes, so that the required heating heat capacity M of the hot water supply pipe is M = A × copper pipe mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × Specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference.
[0030]
When the elapsed time X is 30 minutes, A = 30/60 = 0.5. When other conditions are set to the same conditions as the specific example of the first embodiment, ΔT and ΔL are as shown in the following table.
[0031]
[Table 2]
[0032]
In the case of NO1, hot water having a hot water supply temperature (42 ° C.) higher than the temperature (40 ° C.) set at the remote control 24 at the start of the hot water supply is discharged for a certain time (6.25S) and then set at the remote control 24 (40 ° C.). When the hot water temperature is returned to, the rise of the hot water discharge temperature at the hot water tap can be accelerated.
[0033]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034]
Example 1
FIG. 7 shows a hot water temperature control block of the water heater in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the operation and action will be described. The degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 is predicted from the remote control set temperature T1 set at the end of the last hot water supply, The optimum ΔT · ΔL is obtained, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap 23 is made faster. The degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 increases as the temperature set at the time of last hot water discharge increases and the temperature difference from the surroundings increases. Therefore, in order to correct this, the pipe cooling degree B as shown below is defined to control the hot water temperature.
[0035]
B = ((T1-15) / (75-15)) ²
Therefore, the required heating heat capacity M of the hot water supply pipe is M = B × copper tube mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference.
[0036]
In fact, as in Reference Example 4 , there is an elapsed time from the end of the last hot water discharge to the start of the second hot water,
M = A × B × copper tube mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference. ΔT · ΔL = M / Q is used to obtain the optimum ΔT · ΔL, hot water having a hot water temperature ΔT higher than the temperature T set by the remote controller 24 at the start of hot water supply is discharged by ΔL for a certain period of time, and then hot water is supplied to the temperature set by the remote controller 24. When the temperature is returned, the rise of the hot water discharge temperature at the hot water tap can be made faster.
[0037]
(Example 2)
FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. To explain the operation and action, the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 is predicted from the previous continuous hot water discharge time Y, the optimum ΔT · ΔL is obtained, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap 23 is accelerated. The degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe 22 increases as the previous continuous hot water discharge time Y becomes shorter, and becomes constant when the hot water supply pipe set temperature arrival time C at which the hot water supply pipe 22 becomes equal to the hot water supply set temperature T is exceeded. Therefore, in order to correct this, the pipe cooling degree E as shown below is defined to control the hot water temperature.
[0038]
Y ≧ C E = 1
Y <C E = e ^{(1-Y / C)}
Therefore, the required heating heat capacity M of the hot water supply pipe is M = E × copper tube mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference. In addition, since the required heating heat capacity M also varies depending on the elapsed time from the end of the last hot water discharge to the start of the second hot water discharge, and the remote controller set temperature set at the end of the previous hot water discharge as in Examples 4 and 5,
M = A × B × E × copper tube mass (V) × specific gravity (γ) × specific heat (Cp) × temperature difference.
[0039]
ΔT · ΔL = M / Q is used to obtain the optimum ΔT · ΔL, hot water having a hot water temperature ΔT higher than the temperature T set by the remote controller 24 at the start of hot water supply is discharged by ΔL for a certain period of time, and then hot water is supplied to the temperature set by the remote controller 24. When the temperature is returned, the rise of the hot water discharge temperature at the hot water tap can be made faster.
[0040]
The reference examples and the technical significance of each example are summarized as follows.
[0041]
(1) The temperature of the hot water supply pipe is quickly set from a cooled state by returning hot water at a hot water temperature higher than the temperature set by the remote control at the time of hot water for a certain period of time and then returning the hot water temperature to the temperature set by the remote control. It is possible to heat to the hot water supply temperature, and it is possible to eliminate the heat release from the hot water by the hot water supply pipe in the initial stage of hot water discharge, and to speed up the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap. In addition, since one hot water supply pipe can be configured, there is no need for extensive piping work for installing two hot water pipes in a reciprocating manner, and the same installation form as that of a conventional hot water heater can be adopted.
[0042]
(2) A hot water supply pipe thermistor that detects the temperature of the hot water supply pipe is provided, and the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe is predicted based on the temperature of the hot water supply pipe thermistor, so that ΔT and ΔL with high accuracy are determined. Since the hot water temperature is returned to the temperature set by the remote controller after hot water having a high temperature of + ΔT is discharged for ΔL time, the temperature of the hot water supply pipe can be quickly heated from the cooled state to the set hot water temperature. It is possible to eliminate the heat release from the hot water by the hot water supply pipe and to speed up the rising temperature of the hot water from the hot water tap.
[0043]
(3) An outside air temperature sensor is provided at a position communicating with the outside air outside the exterior of the water heater or inside the water heater, and ΔT and ΔL are determined by accurately predicting the cooling degree of the hot water supply pipe from the outside air temperature. Heat release from the hot water supply pipe can be eliminated, and the temperature rise of the hot water from the hot water tap can be increased.
[0044]
(4) By predicting the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe from the elapsed time from the end of the previous hot water discharge to the start of re-hot water, ΔT and ΔL are determined to eliminate heat dissipation from the hot water in the hot water supply pipe in the initial stage of hot water, and the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap Can rise faster.
[0045]
(5) By predicting the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe from the temperature set by the remote controller at the time of the previous hot water discharge, ΔT and ΔL are determined, and heat dissipation from the hot water at the initial hot water supply pipe is eliminated, and the temperature of hot water discharged from the hot water tap is determined. The rise can be made faster.
[0046]
(6) By predicting the degree of cooling of the hot water supply pipe from the previous continuous hot water discharge time, ΔT and ΔL are determined to eliminate heat dissipation from the hot water in the hot water supply pipe at the initial stage of hot water discharge, and the rise of the hot water discharge temperature from the hot water tap is made faster. Can do.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention has remarkably improved rising characteristics of the hot water temperature, and can greatly enhance its usability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in Reference Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of hot water temperature control of the water heater. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a water heater in Reference Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the hot water temperature control of the water heater in Reference Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the water heater in Reference Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the hot water temperature control of the water heater in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the hot water temperature control of the water heater in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Schematic diagram of hot water supply system [Explanation of symbols]
12 Burner 14 Gas Block 15 Heat Exchanger 16 Inlet Pipe 17 Outlet Pipe 18 Water Volume Control Valve 19 Inlet Thermistor 20 Outlet Thermistor 21 Hot Water Thermistor 22 Hot Water Pipe 23 Hot Water Tap 24 Remote Control 25 Control Unit

Claims

A heat exchanger that uses a burner as a heat source, heat-exchanges the water fed through the water inlet pipe to hot water and outputs it to the hot water outlet pipe, an inlet thermistor provided in the water inlet pipe, and hot water flowing through the hot water outlet pipe. A hot water supply thermistor for detecting the temperature, a gas block for adjusting the combustion amount of the burner so that the detected temperature of the hot water supply thermistor matches the hot water temperature set by the temperature setting means, and the temperature setting means at the start of hot water supply A controller that returns hot water at a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature set in step 5 to a predetermined temperature and then returns the hot water temperature to the set temperature. A water heater that predicts the amount of heat to be discharged and discharges hot water at a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature for a predetermined time.

A heat exchanger that uses a burner as a heat source, heat-exchanges the water fed through the water inlet pipe to hot water and outputs it to the hot water outlet pipe, an inlet thermistor provided in the water inlet pipe, and hot water flowing through the hot water outlet pipe. A hot water supply thermistor for detecting the temperature, a gas block for adjusting the combustion amount of the burner so that the detected temperature of the hot water supply thermistor matches the hot water temperature set by the temperature setting means, and the temperature setting means at the start of hot water supply in after the hot water set higher than the set temperature hot water temperature a predetermined time pouring, and a control unit to return the hot water temperature to the set temperature, the control unit, the hot water supply pipe from the continuous tapping time during the previous hot water A water heater that predicts the amount of heat taken and discharges hot water at a hot water temperature higher than the set temperature for a predetermined time.