JP3851953B2 - Welding method to improve weld fatigue strength - Google Patents

Welding method to improve weld fatigue strength Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3851953B2
JP3851953B2 JP2003096682A JP2003096682A JP3851953B2 JP 3851953 B2 JP3851953 B2 JP 3851953B2 JP 2003096682 A JP2003096682 A JP 2003096682A JP 2003096682 A JP2003096682 A JP 2003096682A JP 3851953 B2 JP3851953 B2 JP 3851953B2
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Prior art keywords
welding
welded
welding method
fatigue strength
application
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JP2003096682A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004298943A (en
Inventor
昭彦 太田
直之 鈴木
芳夫 前田
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National Institute for Materials Science
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National Institute for Materials Science
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は低変態温度溶接材料を使用する溶接方法に関するものである。更に詳しくは、低変態温度溶接材料を使用して金属板の表面と裏面のように溶接熱が影響し合う距離に複数個所溶接する溶接方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術とその課題】
この出願の発明者らはこれまでにも溶接施工後に特別な後処理を実施しなくても、溶接継手の疲労強度が向上する溶接方法および溶接材料に関する特許を出願し、既に登録されている(文献1−3)。
【0003】
【文献】
文献1: 特許3010211号
文献2: 特許3350726号
文献3: 特許3350727号
【0004】
通常の溶接材料を使用して溶接する場合には溶接部に引張残留応力が誘起されるので金属板の表面と裏面のように溶接距離が短い個所を複数溶接する場合においても残留応力の干渉はほとんど問題にならないが低変態温度溶接材料を使用して溶接する場合には溶接終了後直ちに溶接部に圧縮残留応力が誘起されるため溶接疲労強度に大きな影響を与えることになる。
【0005】
たとえば、金属板の表面と裏面を低変態温度溶接材料を用いて溶接する場合には最初に溶接した表面の溶接部が次に溶接する裏面からの溶接熱の影響を受けて表面の溶接部の圧縮残留応力が低減してしまい溶接金属の溶接疲労強度が低下するという問題を生じる。
【0006】
そこで、この出願の発明は以上のとおりの事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、発明者らが提案し、かつ実際的にも優れた効果が得られている低変態温度溶接材料の特徴を活かし、かつ溶接疲労強度が向上する溶接方法を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するためのものとして、第1には、溶接時に溶接熱の影響を受ける距離に低変態温度溶接材料を用いて金属板の表裏を複数箇所溶接するに際し、複数箇所を同時に溶接することを特徴とする溶接方法を提供し、第2には、複数箇所の溶接時間の差が1分以内である上記溶接方法を、また、第3には角回付加溶接である上記溶接方法を提供する。
【0008】
また、この出願の発明は、第には、上記溶接方法で溶接されていることを特徴とする溶接体を提供する。
【0009】
を提供する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
この出願の発明は以上のとおりの特徴をもつものであるが、この出願の発明の溶接方法は発明者の提案した先行発明(特許第3010211号)で提案している低変態温度溶接材料を使用する溶接方法の改良に関するものである。
【0011】
なによりもまず、この出願の発明は溶接温度が互いに影響し合う距離に複数個所の溶接をするに際し、その複数個所の溶接を同時に行い複数箇所の溶接部の加熱と冷却の温度変化を同じくすることによって圧縮残留応力を効果的に導入するものである。そして、圧縮残留応力を効果的に導入することによって溶接疲労強度を向上させるものである。
【0012】
従来の溶接方法では金属板の表面と裏面を溶接する場合には、溶接熱による劣化を防ぐために表面の溶接が終了して溶接部近辺の温度をパス間温度(多パス溶接において、次のパスの溶接が開始される直前の決められた位置の温度であり、通常は50℃または150℃に施工管理されている)以下になるのを確認してから引続くパスを溶接することが一般に行われている。
【0013】
したがって、この出願の発明のように金属板の表面と裏面を溶接するに際し表面と裏面を同時に溶接することによって圧縮残留応力が効果的に導入されることは全く予想外のことであり従来の知識や経験からは全く予期できないことであった。
【0014】
この出願の発明を図1〜図3に示す典型的な溶接構造物を用いて説明するが、もちろん、この出願の発明が以下の例によって限定されることはない。
【0015】
図1はウエッブ(4)にフランジ(3)をT字状に設置して表面(1)の溶接と裏面(2)の溶接によって成形されたT字縦継手の斜視図である。
【0016】
また、この出願の発明は図1に示されるような直線状の溶接だけではなく図2のコルゲートビームのように溶接部が曲線部を有する場合にも効果的である。
【0017】
さらには、この出願の発明は図3に示されるようなウエッブ(4)とフランジ(3)をIの字のように溶接したI型ビームに溶接された付加物(5)の角回溶接部分(1)を溶接または付加溶接するような場合にも好適に利用される。
【0018】
このような構造の金属板の表面と裏面を溶接する場合には従来方法では溶接熱による劣化を防ぐために表面(1)の溶接が終了して溶接部近辺の温度がパス間温度(通常は50℃または150℃)以下になるのを確認してから裏面(2)を溶接することが一般に行われている。
【0019】
しかしながら、低変態温度溶接材料を使用して溶接する場合には溶接部に圧縮残留応力が導入されるため、金属板の表面を溶接して温度が降下してから裏面を溶接すると、溶接金属の表側と裏側の冷却時期が異なり溶接金属の表面と裏面が同時に膨張することはなく溶接金属の表面と裏面の同時に膨張する場合に比較して圧縮残留応力が極めて小さくなってしまう。
【0020】
そこで、この出願の発明は低変態温度溶接材料を使用して溶接するに際し、溶接金属の表面の溶接と裏面の溶接を同時に行うことによって溶接金属の圧縮残留応力を効果的に導入して疲労強度を向上するものである。
【0021】
この出願の発明の効果を調べるために図1〜図3に示される構造のものを従来溶接材料と低変態温度溶接材料を使用してそれらを従来の方法とこの出願の発明の溶接方法で溶接し、その溶接疲労強度を比較したものが表1である。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0003851953
表1において、継手番号(A−3)、(B−2)、(C−3)は従来方法の態様を示したものであり、従来溶接材料を使用してT字縦継手、コルゲートビーム、付加物の角回溶接の表面(1)を溶接した後、溶接部の温度が50℃まで降下してから裏面(2)を溶接したものである。また、継手番号(A−2)、(C−2)も従来方法の溶接法であり、低変態温度溶接材料を使用してT字縦継手、付加物の角回溶接の表面(1)を溶接した後、溶接部の温度が50℃まで降下してから裏面(2)を溶接したものである。
【0023】
そして、継手番号(A−1)、(B−1)、(C−1)はこの出願の発明の態様を示したものであり、低変態温度溶接材料を使用してT字縦継手、コルゲートビーム、付加物の角回溶接の溶接において、溶接金属の表面(1)と裏面(2)を同時に溶接したものである。
【0024】
なお、表1の低変態温度溶接材料として、表2の組成のものを用いた。
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0003851953
表1の疲労寿命の回数から明らかなように、低変態温度溶接材料を使用して溶接金属の表面(1)と裏面(2)を同時に溶接するこの出願の発明〔継手番号(A−1)、(B−1)、(C−1)〕は、従来溶接材料を用いて従来溶接方法で溶接する方法〔継手番号(A−3)、(B−2)、(C−3)〕や低変態溶接材料を用いて従来溶接方法で溶接する方法〔継手番号(A−2)、(C−2)〕に比べて明らかに疲労寿命回数が多いことから溶接疲労強度が優れていることが分かる。
【0026】
表1における継手番号(A−1)と(A−2)における疲労寿命の回数の差は残留応力の大きさの違いで生じたものであり、試験番号(A−2)と(A−3)における疲労寿命の回数の差は圧縮残留応力の正負記号の違いによって生じているものと考えられる。
【0027】
なお、この試験ではウエブを屈曲させた、いわゆるコルゲートビームを使用したが、ストレートのウエブ、すなわち通常のI型溶接梁への適用しても同様の効果を生じるものと考えられる。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
複数個所の溶接を同時に行うという簡便な方法で圧縮残留応力を効果的に導入して溶接疲労強度の高強度化が実現できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】T字継手の溶接態様を示したものである。
【図2】コルゲートビームの溶接態様を示したものである。
【図3】I型ビームに付加物の角回溶接の態様を示したものである。
【符号の説明】
1 溶接の角回表面部
2 溶接の角回裏面部
3 フランジ
4 ウエッブ
5 付加物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material. More specifically, the present invention relates to a welding method in which a low transformation temperature welding material is used and welding is performed at a plurality of locations at a distance at which welding heat affects, such as the front and back surfaces of a metal plate.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
The inventors of this application have filed patents relating to welding methods and welding materials that improve the fatigue strength of welded joints without performing any special post-treatment after welding, and have already been registered ( Literature 1-3).
[0003]
[Literature]
Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3010211 Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 3350726 Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 3350727
When welding using normal welding material, tensile residual stress is induced in the welded part, so even when welding multiple parts with short welding distances such as the front and back surfaces of the metal plate, the interference of residual stress is Although this is not a problem, when welding is performed using a low transformation temperature welding material, a compressive residual stress is induced in the welded portion immediately after the end of welding, which greatly affects the weld fatigue strength.
[0005]
For example, when the front and back surfaces of a metal plate are welded using a low transformation temperature welding material, the weld on the first welded surface is affected by the welding heat from the back surface to be welded next, and There arises a problem that the compressive residual stress is reduced and the weld fatigue strength of the weld metal is lowered.
[0006]
Therefore, the invention of this application has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the features of the low transformation temperature welding material proposed by the inventors and in which an excellent effect is practically obtained. The present invention provides a welding method that makes full use and improves weld fatigue strength.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application is to solve the above problems. First, when welding the front and back of a metal plate at a plurality of locations using a low transformation temperature welding material at a distance affected by welding heat during welding. Providing a welding method characterized by welding at a plurality of locations simultaneously; second, the above-described welding method in which the difference in welding time at the plurality of locations is within 1 minute; and third, adding angular turns The above welding method, which is welding, is provided.
[0008]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welded body which is welded by the above welding method.
[0009]
I will provide a.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application has the characteristics as described above, but the welding method of the invention of this application uses the low transformation temperature welding material proposed in the prior invention proposed by the inventor (Patent No. 3010211). The present invention relates to an improved welding method.
[0011]
First of all, in the invention of this application, when welding at a plurality of locations at a distance at which the welding temperature affects each other, the welding at the plurality of locations is performed at the same time, and the temperature changes in heating and cooling of the welded portions at the same location are the same. This effectively introduces compressive residual stress. And welding fatigue strength is improved by introduce | transducing compression residual stress effectively.
[0012]
In the conventional welding method, when welding the front and back surfaces of a metal plate, in order to prevent deterioration due to welding heat, the surface welding is completed and the temperature near the weld is set to the interpass temperature (the next pass in multi-pass welding). It is generally practiced to weld the subsequent pass after confirming that the temperature is at a predetermined position immediately before the start of welding of the steel sheet, and is usually below 50 ° C or 150 ° C. It has been broken.
[0013]
Therefore, it is completely unexpected that compressive residual stress is effectively introduced by welding the front and back surfaces simultaneously when welding the front and back surfaces of the metal plate as in the invention of this application. From my experience, it was completely unexpected.
[0014]
The invention of this application will be described using the typical welded structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but of course, the invention of this application is not limited by the following examples.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a T-shaped vertical joint formed by welding a front surface (1) and a back surface (2) by installing a flange (3) on a web (4) in a T shape.
[0016]
The invention of this application is effective not only in the case of linear welding as shown in FIG. 1, but also in the case where the weld has a curved portion like the corrugated beam in FIG.
[0017]
Furthermore, the invention of this application is that the angular welded portion of the appendage (5) welded to the I-beam in which the web (4) and the flange (3) as shown in FIG. It is also suitably used when welding (1) or additional welding.
[0018]
In the case of welding the front and back surfaces of the metal plate having such a structure, in the conventional method, in order to prevent deterioration due to welding heat, the welding of the front surface (1) is completed and the temperature in the vicinity of the welded portion is the interpass temperature (usually 50). It is generally performed that the back surface (2) is welded after confirming that the temperature is lower than or equal to 150 ° C.
[0019]
However, when welding is performed using a low transformation temperature welding material, compressive residual stress is introduced into the welded part. The front and back cooling times are different, and the front and back surfaces of the weld metal do not expand simultaneously, and the compressive residual stress becomes extremely small as compared with the case where the front and back surfaces of the weld metal expand simultaneously.
[0020]
Therefore, when the invention of this application is welded using a low transformation temperature welding material, the fatigue residual strength can be effectively introduced by compressing residual stress of the weld metal by simultaneously welding the front surface and the back surface of the weld metal. Is to improve.
[0021]
In order to investigate the effect of the invention of this application, the structures shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are welded by using the conventional welding material and the low transformation temperature welding material, and the conventional method and the welding method of the invention of this application. Table 1 shows a comparison of the weld fatigue strength.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003851953
In Table 1, joint numbers (A-3), (B-2), and (C-3) show aspects of the conventional method, and using conventional welding materials, T-shaped vertical joints, corrugated beams, After welding the front surface (1) of the adjunct angular welding, the back surface (2) is welded after the temperature of the welded portion drops to 50 ° C. In addition, joint numbers (A-2) and (C-2) are also conventional welding methods, and the surface (1) of the T-shaped vertical joint and the angular welding of the appendage using a low transformation temperature welding material is used. After welding, the back surface (2) is welded after the temperature of the welded portion has dropped to 50 ° C.
[0023]
And joint number (A-1), (B-1), (C-1) shows the aspect of invention of this application, T character vertical joint, corrugated using low transformation temperature welding material In the welding of the beam and the additive, the front surface (1) and the back surface (2) of the weld metal are welded simultaneously.
[0024]
In addition, as a low transformation temperature welding material of Table 1, the thing of the composition of Table 2 was used.
[0025]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003851953
As apparent from the number of fatigue lives in Table 1, the invention of this application in which the front surface (1) and the back surface (2) of the weld metal are welded simultaneously using a low transformation temperature welding material [joint number (A-1) , (B-1), (C-1)] is a method of welding by a conventional welding method using a conventional welding material [joint number (A-3), (B-2), (C-3)] or The welding fatigue strength is excellent because the number of fatigue lives is clearly larger than the conventional welding method using the low transformation welding material [joint number (A-2), (C-2)]. I understand.
[0026]
The difference in the number of times of fatigue life between joint numbers (A-1) and (A-2) in Table 1 was caused by the difference in the magnitude of residual stress, and test numbers (A-2) and (A-3). The difference in the number of fatigue lives in () is considered to be caused by the difference in the sign of the compressive residual stress.
[0027]
In this test, a so-called corrugated beam in which the web is bent is used, but it is considered that the same effect is produced even when applied to a straight web, that is, a normal I-type welded beam.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
It is possible to increase the welding fatigue strength by effectively introducing compressive residual stress by a simple method of performing welding at a plurality of locations simultaneously.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a welding mode of a T-shaped joint.
FIG. 2 shows a welding mode of a corrugated beam.
FIG. 3 shows a mode of angular welding of an appendage to a type I beam.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Welding angular surface 2 Welding angular back surface 3 Flange 4 Web 5 Addition

Claims (4)

溶接時に溶接熱の影響を受ける距離に低変態温度溶接材料を用いて金属板の表裏を複数箇所溶接するに際し、複数箇所を同時に溶接することを特徴とする溶接方法。A welding method characterized by welding a plurality of locations simultaneously when welding a plurality of locations on the front and back of a metal plate using a low transformation temperature welding material at a distance affected by welding heat during welding. 複数箇所の溶接時間の差が1分以内であることを特徴とする
請求項1の溶接方法。
The welding method according to claim 1, wherein a difference in welding time at a plurality of locations is within 1 minute.
角回付加溶接であることを特徴とする請求項1の溶接方法。The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the welding is angular addition welding . 請求項1ないし3のいずれかの溶接方法で溶接されていることを特徴とする溶接体 Welding body, wherein that you have been welded in one of the welding method of claims 1 to 3.
JP2003096682A 2003-03-31 2003-03-31 Welding method to improve weld fatigue strength Expired - Lifetime JP3851953B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111168289A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-05-19 刘帅 Automatic welding machine for longitudinal seam of T-shaped beam

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4555794B2 (en) * 2005-04-08 2010-10-06 新日本製鐵株式会社 Metal parts or metal structures excellent in fatigue crack initiation / propagation prevention characteristics and methods for producing the same
CN104475998B (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-08-17 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Load bearing arm welding method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111168289A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-05-19 刘帅 Automatic welding machine for longitudinal seam of T-shaped beam
CN111168289B (en) * 2020-01-19 2021-07-09 山东水泊焊割设备制造有限公司 Automatic welding machine for longitudinal seam of T-shaped beam

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