JP3840433B2 - engine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an engine, and more particularly, to an engine having a balancer shaft.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there is an engine in which a valve cam gear is engaged with a crank gear. In this type of engine, the balancer shaft mounted on the balancer shaft is engaged with the valve cam gear or the crank gear from the lateral side or below, with the cylinder head side up and the overhanging side of the crank chamber viewed sideways. Is placed in the crank chamber.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above prior art has the following problems.
<Problem> The size of the engine increases due to the arrangement of the balancer shaft.
Since the balancer shaft is disposed in the crank chamber, it is necessary to largely separate the balancer shaft laterally or downward from the crankshaft in order to avoid interference between the balancer shaft and the crankshaft. For this reason, the crank chamber is expanded laterally or downward, and the crank chamber is enlarged, which is a factor for increasing the size of the engine.
[0004]
The subject of this invention is providing the engine which can solve the said problem.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The main matters specifying the invention of claim 1 are as follows (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
In an engine in which a valve cam gear (2a) is engaged with a crank gear (1a),
The balancer gear (4a) attached to the balancer shaft (4) is meshed with the valve cam gear (2a) from above, with the cylinder head (3) side facing up and the overhanging side of the crank chamber (11) looking sideways. Place the balancer shaft (4) on the side of the cylinder (5) ,
An engine characterized in that a push rod ( 6 ) of a valve operating device is inserted between the cylinder ( 5 ) and the balancer shaft ( 4 ) .
[0006]
【The invention's effect】
(Invention of Claim 1)
The invention of claim 1 has the following effects (see FIG. 1).
<< Effect 1 1 >> Increase in the size of the engine due to the arrangement of the balancer shaft can be suppressed.
Since the balancer shaft (4) is arranged on the lateral side of the cylinder (5), the balancer shaft (4) is utilized in the dead space above the crank chamber (11) while avoiding interference with the crankshaft (1). Can be arranged. For this reason, it is not necessary to expand the crank chamber (11) laterally or downward, and the increase in size of the engine due to the arrangement of the balancer shaft (4) can be suppressed.
The engine downsizing of by compact arrangement of the push rod "2 Effect 1" can you to promote.
Since the push rod ( 6 ) of the valve gear is inserted between the cylinder ( 5 ) and the balancer shaft ( 4 ) , the push rod ( 6 ) can be arranged compactly along the cylinder ( 5 ). The downsizing of the engine can be promoted by the compact arrangement of the rod ( 6 ) .
(Invention of Claim 2)
The invention of claim 6 has the following effect in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 ( see FIG. 1 ) .
<< Effect 2 >> It is possible to promote downsizing of the engine by arranging the balancer shafts and the like.
Since the balancer shaft ( 4 ) , side water channel ( 7 ) and valve drive cam shaft ( 2 ) are arranged vertically along the cylinder jacket ( 8 ) and the wall of the cylinder ( 5 ) , they are arranged in a compact manner. The downsizing of the engine can be promoted by the arrangement of the shaft ( 4 ) and the like.
(Invention of Claim 3)
The invention of claim 3 has the following effect in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 2 ( see FIG. 1 ) .
<Effect 3> Warm-up and cooling of the upper and lower portions of the cylinder wall are made uniform.
As shown in FIG. 1, due to to face the outlet (7a) of the side water passage (7) in the lower portion of the cylinder jacket (8), the cooling water flowing out from the outlet (7a) of the side water passage (7) is cylinder jacket ( after passing through the lower part of 8), emerged at the top of the cylinder jacket (8), warming-up and cooling of the upper and lower portions of the walls of each cylinder (5) is made uniform. For this reason, during the warm-up operation, the lower part of the wall of each cylinder ( 5 ) is warmed in the same manner as the upper part thereof, and the piston ( 17 ) is unlikely to seize. In addition, during normal operation , the lower part of each cylinder ( 5 ) as well as the upper part of the wall is sufficiently cooled, and it is difficult to form a gap between the lower part and the piston ring. Leakage and oil rise into the combustion chamber are unlikely to occur.
[0007]
(Invention of Claim 4 )
The invention of claim 4 has the following effects in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 3 (see FIG. 2).
< Effect 4 > The durability of the valve cam gear and the balancer gear can be enhanced. Or the quietness of the meshing of these gears can be improved.
Since the central axis (4b) of the balancer shaft (4) is positioned in the upper partial region, the distance between the valve cam shaft (2) and the balancer shaft (4) can be increased. For this reason, the valve cam gear (2a) and the balancer gear (4a) can be increased in diameter to increase the size of these modules, or the number of teeth can be increased. When the former is adopted, the durability of these gears (2a) and (4a) can be enhanced. When the latter is adopted, the quietness of the meshing of these gears (2a) and (4a) can be improved.
[0008]
(Invention of Claim 5 )
The invention of claim 5 has the following effects in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 4 (see FIG. 1).
<< Effect 5 >> The enlargement of the engine resulting from the arrangement of the valve camshaft can be suppressed.
Since the valve camshaft (2) is also arranged on the lateral side of the cylinder (5), the valve camshaft (2) is placed above the crank chamber (11) while avoiding interference with the crankshaft (1). It can be arranged using space. For this reason, it is not necessary to expand the crank chamber (11) laterally or downward, and the increase in size of the engine due to the arrangement of the valve drive cam shaft (2) can be suppressed.
[0009]
(Invention of Claim 6 )
The invention of claim 6 has the following effect in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 5 (see FIG. 1).
< Effect 6 > It is possible to promote downsizing of the engine by reducing the diameter of the valve cam gear.
Since the central axis (2b) of the valve camshaft (2) is positioned in the lower part area, the shaft of the crankshaft (1) and the valve camshaft (2) is compared to the case where it is positioned in the middle part area. The distance between the two is shortened, and it is possible to promote downsizing of the engine by reducing the diameter of the valve cam gear (2a).
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
(Invention of Claim 7)
The invention of claim 7 has the following effect in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 6 (see FIG. 3).
<Effect 7> Warm-up and cooling of all cylinder walls are made uniform.
A plurality of outlets (7a) facing the cylinder jacket (8) are provided in a side water passage (7) passing through the side of the plurality of cylinders (5), and the plurality of outlets (7a) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the side water passage (7). Because it is arranged at both ends and the middle part, the cooling water is evenly distributed toward the walls of all cylinders (5) and (5), and the warming up and cooling of the walls of all cylinders (5) and (5) are made uniform. The
[0013]
(Invention of Claim 8)
The invention of claim 8 has the following effect in addition to the effect of invention of claim 7 (see FIG. 3).
<Effect 8> The lateral width of the engine can be reduced.
Since the tappet guide hole (9) of the valve operating device is provided in the wall between the adjacent outlets (7a) and (7a) of the side water channel (7), the outlet (7a) and the tappet guide hole (9) are arranged in the width direction. The width of the engine can be reduced as compared with the case where they are arranged side by side.
[0014]
(Invention of Claim 9)
The invention of claim 9 has the following effect in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 8 (see FIG. 1).
<< Effect 9 >> A large opening area at the exit of the side waterway can be secured.
The valve cam chamber (10) communicates with the lower crank chamber (11), and a mushroom-shaped tappet (12) is inserted into the tappet guide hole (9) from the crank chamber (11) through the valve cam chamber (10). Since it can be inserted, the tappet guide hole (9) can be narrowed, and a large opening area of the outlet (7a) of the side water channel (7) can be secured.
[0015]
[0016]
(Invention of Claim 10 )
The invention of claim 10 has the following effects in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 9 (see FIGS. 4 and 2).
<< Effect 10 >> The meshing of each gear from the crankshaft to the power output shaft can be optimized.
As shown in FIG. 4, the power take-off shaft (16) to the work device (15) is supported at a plurality of locations, and the power take-out gear (16a) attached to the power take-out shaft (16) is connected to the valve cam gear (2a). As shown in FIG. 2, the gears from the crankshaft (1) to the power takeout shaft (16), that is, the crank gear (1a), the valve drive cam gear (2a), and the power takeout gear (16a) are provided. These are supported by shafts supported at a plurality of locations, that is, a crankshaft (1), a valve camshaft (2), and a power take-off shaft (16). For this reason, the inclination of these gears (1a), (2a), and (16a) is suppressed, the meshing thereof can be optimized, and the quietness is increased.
[0017]
(Invention of Claim 11 )
The invention of claim 11 has the following effect in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 10 (see FIG. 2).
<< Effect 11-1 >> In spite of the small diameter, the output gear can be easily formed with a large number of teeth necessary for interlocking the secondary balancer shaft.
In order to make the module of the output gear (2c) relatively small, a large number of teeth necessary for interlocking the secondary balancer shaft (13) are easily formed on the output gear (2c) despite its small diameter. can do.
[0018]
<< Effect 11-2 >> The valve cam gear can be secured with sufficient strength to withstand the reaction force of the power take-off shaft.
Since the module of the valve drive cam gear (2a) is made relatively large, it is possible to ensure sufficient strength to withstand the reaction force of the power take-off shaft (16) on the valve drive cam gear (2a).
[0019]
(Invention of Claim 12 )
The invention of claim 12 has the following effect in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 11 (see FIG. 2).
<< Effect 12 >> It is possible to promote downsizing of the engine by reducing the diameter of the primary balancer gear.
Since the primary balancer gear (14a) is meshed with the small-diameter output gear (2c), the distance between the valve camshaft (2) and the primary balancer shaft (14) is shortened, and the primary balancer gear (14a) is reduced in diameter. Engine downsizing can be promoted.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 5 are diagrams illustrating an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a vertical water-cooled multi-cylinder diesel engine is described as an example.
[0021]
The outline of this engine is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, this engine has a cylinder head (3) attached to the upper part of a cylinder block (18) and an oil pan (19) attached to the lower part. The cylinder block (18) includes a crank chamber (11) at the lower part of the cylinder (5). As shown in FIG. 5, the front of the cylinder block (18) is provided with a winding transmission (20), which interlocks the cooling fan (21) and the water pump (26). A gear transmission (22) and a flywheel (27) are provided at the rear part of the cylinder block (18), and as shown in FIG. 4, the fuel transmission pump (23) and the working device ( 15) is linked. This working device (15) is a working hydraulic pump. Further, the gear transmission (22) interlocks the valve drive cam shaft (2), the pair of secondary balancer shafts (4) and (13), and the primary balancer shaft (14) shown in FIG.
[0022]
The arrangement of each axis is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the cylinder head (3) side is up and the overhanging side of the crank chamber (11) is seen sideways, one secondary balancer (4) and the valve camshaft (2) are connected to the cylinder ( 5) is assumed to be an upper, middle, and lower partial region obtained by dividing the horizontal one side region of the cylinder (5) into upper and lower equal parts, and one secondary balancer shaft (4) is arranged in the upper partial region. The central axis (4b) is positioned, and the central axis (2b) of the valve camshaft (2) is positioned in the lower part region. The other secondary balancer shaft (13) is positioned obliquely below the other side of the cylinder (5). The primary balancer shaft (14) is positioned obliquely below one side of the valve operating cam shaft (2).
[0023]
The arrangement of the shaft and other elements is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, the push rod (6) of the valve operating device is inserted between the cylinder (5) and the secondary balancer shaft (4) in the upper part region. A side water passage (7) is provided between the secondary balancer shaft (4) and the valve drive cam shaft (2) along the installation direction of the crankshaft (1), and cooling water from the radiator is passed through the side water passage (7). Through the cylinder jacket (8) of the multi-cylinder cylinder block (18), the secondary balancer shaft (4), the side water channel (7) and the valve camshaft (2) are connected to the cylinder jacket (8). They are lined up and down along the wall of the cylinder (5).
[0024]
The structure of the side waterway and the surrounding area is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, the valve camshaft (2) is disposed below the cylinder jacket (8), and the outlet (7a) of the side water channel (7) faces the lower part of the cylinder jacket (8). As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of outlets (7a) to the cylinder jacket (8) are provided in the side water passages (7) passing through the sides of the plurality of cylinders (5), and the plurality of outlets (7a) are connected to the side water passages. It arrange | positions at the both ends and intermediate part of (7). Each outlet (7a) faces the top of one side of each cylinder (5). A tappet guide hole (9) of the valve operating device is provided in the wall between the adjacent outlets (7a) and (7a) of the side water channel (7). As shown in FIG. 1, the valve cam chamber (10) communicates with the crank chamber (11) below the valve cam chamber (10), and the tappet guide hole (9) passes through the valve cam chamber (10) from the crank chamber (11). The mushroom tappet (12) can be inserted, and the mushroom tappet (12) is inserted here.
[0025]
The configuration of the gear transmission is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 4, and the bearing at a plurality of locations by the power takeoff shaft (16) a pair of bearings to the working device (15) (16b) (16b), power takeoff gear attached to the power takeoff shaft (16) (16a) is meshed with the valve cam gear (2a). As shown in FIG. 2, a valve cam gear (2a) and a smaller output gear (2b) are concentrically arranged on the valve camshaft (2), and the valve cam cam gear (2a) has a larger diameter. The secondary balancer gear (4a) attached to the secondary balancer shaft (4) in the upper partial area is engaged, and the primary balancer gear (14a) attached to the primary balancer shaft (14) is engaged with the small-diameter output gear (2b). Yes. An idler gear (24) is meshed with the output gear (2c), and a balancer gear (13a) attached to the other secondary balancer shaft (13) paired with the secondary balancer shaft (4) is connected to the idle gear (24). And the module of the output gear (2c) is made smaller than that of the valve gear cam (2a). Further, an injection cam gear (25a) attached to the fuel injection cam shaft (25) of the fuel injection pump (23) is meshed with the idle gear (24).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the gear transmission of the engine of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the engine of FIG. 1, including a cylinder block cross-sectional plane at a height position of a side waterway and a fuel injection pump plane at a higher position than that.
4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the engine of FIG. 1, including a cylinder block cross-sectional plane at the height of a valve camshaft, and a fuel injection pump plane and a working apparatus plane at a higher position than this. .
FIG. 5 is a vertical side view of the engine of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
(1) ... Crank shaft, (1a) ... Crank gear, (2) ... Valve cam shaft, (2a) ... Valve cam gear, (2b) ... Center axis, (2c) ... Output gear, (3) ... Cylinder Head, (4) ... balancer shaft (secondary balancer shaft), (4a) ... balancer gear (secondary balancer gear), (4b) ... center axis, (5) ... cylinder, (6) ... push rod, (7) ... Side water channel, (7a) ... Exit, (8) ... Cylinder jacket, (9) ... Tuppet guide hole, (10) ... Valve cam chamber, (11) ... Crank chamber, (12) ... Mushroom tappet, (13 ) ... Other secondary balancer shaft, (13a) ... Secondary balancer gear, (14) ... Primary balancer shaft, (14a) ... Primary balancer gear, (15) ... Working device, (16) ... Power take-off shaft, (16a) ... power take-off gear.

Claims (12)

In an engine in which a valve cam gear (2a) is engaged with a crank gear (1a),
The balancer gear (4a) attached to the balancer shaft (4) is meshed with the valve cam gear (2a) from above, with the cylinder head (3) side facing up and the overhanging side of the crank chamber (11) looking sideways. Place the balancer shaft (4) on the side of the cylinder (5) ,
An engine characterized in that a push rod ( 6 ) of a valve operating device is inserted between the cylinder ( 5 ) and the balancer shaft ( 4 ) . The engine according to claim 1 ,
The side water passage along the spanning direction of the crank shaft (1) (7) provided between the balancer shaft (4) and the valve operating cam shaft (2), the side water passage of the cooling water from the radiator (7) Through the cylinder jacket (8) of the multi-cylinder cylinder block via
It arranged vertically the balancer shaft (4) and the side water passage (7) and the valve operating cam shaft (2) along the wall of the cylinder jacket (8) cylinder (5), and characterized in that To engine. The engine according to claim 2 ,
The valve operating cam shaft (2) is arranged below the cylinder jacket (8) and the outlet (7a) of the side water passage (7) to face the lower portion of the cylinder jacket (8), and characterized in that To engine. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
Assuming partial region under the upper, middle of the one horizontal side region vertically three equal portions of the cylinder (5), was positioned central axis line (4b) of the in the upper part region balancer shaft (4), characterized in that Engine. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
It was placed next side, characterized in that the engine of the valve operating cam shaft (2) said cylinder (5). The engine according to claim 5 ,
Assuming partial region under the upper, middle of the one horizontal side region vertically three equal portions of the cylinder (5), was positioned central axis line (2b) of the valve operating cam shaft to the lower part region (2), it An engine characterized by The engine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the provided side water passage (7) along the spanning direction of the crank shaft (1), multi-cooling water from the radiator through the side water passage (7) In introducing the cylinder jacket (8) of the cylinder cylinder block,
A plurality of outlets facing the cylinder jacket (8) in the side water passage (7) passing through a side of the plurality of cylinders (5) (7a) is provided, the plurality of outlets (7a) of the side water passage (7) An engine characterized by being arranged at both ends and an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction. The engine according to claim 7,
The side water passage (7) is provided an outlet adjacent (7a) (7a) tappet guide hole of the valve operating device in the meat inside wall between (9), wherein the engine. The engine according to claim 8,
The valve operating cam chamber (10) and into communication the communicating crank chamber (11) thereunder, said crank chamber (11) from over the valve operating cam chamber (10) the tappet guide hole (9) in mushroom tappet ( 12) An engine which can be inserted. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9 ,
And bearing at a plurality of locations power takeoff shaft (16) to the working device (15) and the power take-off shaft power take off gear mounted on (16) (16a) is engaged with the valve operating cam gear (2a), it An engine characterized by The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10 ,
When using a secondary balancer shaft as the balancer shaft (4) and providing another secondary balancer shaft (13) and a power take-off shaft (16),
Attaching a small diameter of the output gear (2c) coaxially than this and the the valve operating cam shaft (2) the valve operating cam gear (2a), the other secondary balancer shaft through the small diameter output gear (2c) with Engage (13), so as to interlock the power take off shaft (16) through a large diameter of the valve operating cam gear (2a),
The modules of the output gear (2c) was less than that of the valve operating cam gear (2a), an engine, characterized in that. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 11 ,
In providing the primary balancer shaft (14),
Mounting the valve operating cam shaft and (2) the valve operating cam gear in (2a) and the diameter of the output gear than this (2c) concentrically to the small diameter of the output gear (2c) the primary balancer shaft (14) An engine characterized by meshing an attached primary balancer gear (14a).

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