JP3836252B2 - Substrate plating method - Google Patents

Substrate plating method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3836252B2
JP3836252B2 JP13615298A JP13615298A JP3836252B2 JP 3836252 B2 JP3836252 B2 JP 3836252B2 JP 13615298 A JP13615298 A JP 13615298A JP 13615298 A JP13615298 A JP 13615298A JP 3836252 B2 JP3836252 B2 JP 3836252B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
plating
plating solution
copper
film
substrate
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP13615298A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11315385A (en
Inventor
明久 本郷
瑞樹 長井
寛二 大野
亮一 君塚
恵美 丸山
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Ebara Corp
JCU Corp
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Ebara Corp
JCU Corp
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Priority to JP13615298A priority Critical patent/JP3836252B2/en
Application filed by Ebara Corp, JCU Corp filed Critical Ebara Corp
Priority to US09/674,179 priority patent/US6517894B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP1999/002271 priority patent/WO1999057342A1/en
Priority to KR1020007011820A priority patent/KR100654413B1/en
Priority to EP99917206A priority patent/EP1091024A4/en
Priority to TW088106895A priority patent/TW530099B/en
Priority to TW091111928A priority patent/TWI250223B/en
Publication of JPH11315385A publication Critical patent/JPH11315385A/en
Priority to US10/017,384 priority patent/US6908534B2/en
Priority to US11/008,098 priority patent/US20050098439A1/en
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Publication of JP3836252B2 publication Critical patent/JP3836252B2/en
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  • Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、基板のめっき方法に係り、特に半導体基板に形成された配線用の窪みに銅(Cu)等の金属を充填する等の用途の基板のめっき方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、半導体基板上に配線回路を形成するためには、基板面上にスパッタリング等を用いて導体の成膜を行った後、さらにレジスト等のパターンマスクを用いたケミカルドライエッチングにより膜の不要部分を除去していた。
【0003】
配線回路を形成するための材料としては、アルミニウム(Al)又はアルミニウム合金が用いられていた。しかしながら、半導体の集積度が高くなるにつれて配線が細くなり、電流密度が増加して熱応力や温度上昇を生じる。これはストレスマイグレーションやエレクトロマイグレーションによってAl等が薄膜化するに従いさらに顕著となり、ついには断線或いは短絡等のおそれが生じる。
【0004】
そこで、通電による過度の発熱を避けるため、より導電性の高い銅などの材料を配線形成に採用することが要求されている。しかしながら、銅又はその合金はドライエッチングが難しく、全面を成膜してからパターンを形成する上記の方法の採用は困難である。そこで、予め所定パターンの配線用の溝を形成しておき、その中に銅又はその合金を充填する工程が考えられる。これによれば、膜をエッチングにより除去する工程は不要で、表面段差を取り除くための研磨工程を行えばよい。また、多層回路の上下を連絡するプラグと呼ばれる部分も同時に形成することができる利点がある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような配線溝或いはプラグの形状は、配線幅が微細化するに伴いかなりの高アスペクト比(深さと幅の比)となり、スパッタリング成膜では均一な金属の充填が困難であった。また、種々の材料の成膜手段として気相成長(CVD)法が用いられるが、銅又はその合金では、適当な気体原料を準備することが困難であり、また、有機原料を採用する場合には、これから堆積膜中へ炭素(C)が混入してマイグレーション性が上がるという問題点があった。
【0006】
そこで、基板をめっき液中に浸漬させて無電解又は電解めっきを行なう方法が提案されている。係るめっきによる成膜では、高アスペクト比の配線溝を均一に金属で充填することが可能となる。
【0007】
ここに、例えば電解銅めっきにあっては、めっき液として、その組成に硫酸銅と硫酸を含む硫酸銅めっき液が一般に使用されている。しかし、基板の微細窪みの周囲及び底面は、一般にTiNやTaN等のバリア層で覆われており、このバリア層のシート抵抗値が前記硫酸銅めっき液の抵抗値に比べて非常に大きく、このため、硫酸銅めっき液を使用しためっき処理でバリア層で覆われた微細窪み内に銅を充填すると、密着力に乏しいめっき膜ができてしまうといった問題があった。
【0008】
一方、層状析出性の性質から、密着性に優れたピロリン酸銅めっき液を使用することも広く行われているが、このピロリン酸めっき液は、レベリング性に劣り、このため、ピロリン酸銅めっき液を使用しためっき処理で微細窪み内に銅を充填すると、微細窪みの入口が先に塞がれて、いわゆる空孔(ボイド)が生じやすくなるといった問題があった。
【0009】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みて為されたもので、微細な配線用の溝等の微細窪みに銅又は銅合金等の電気抵抗の小さい材料を隙間なく均一に、かつ表面を平坦に充填できるようにした基板のめっき方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の基板のめっき方法は、バリア層で覆われた幅が1.0μm以下の微細窪みを有する半導体基板をピロリン酸銅めっき液中に浸漬させて、第1段めっき処理を行い、前記バリア層で覆われた微細窪みの壁面や底面に初期めっき膜を形成し、該初期めっき膜を形成した半導体基板を硫酸銅めっき液中に浸漬させて第2段めっき処理を行い、前記初期めっき膜の表面に表面めっき膜を形成することを特徴とする。すなわち、バリア層が形成された微細窪みを有する基板に電解めっきを施して該微細窪みに金属を充填する基板のめっき方法において、前記基板を該基板のバリア層との密着性に優れた組成の第1のめっき液中に浸漬させて第1段めっき処理を行った後、レベリング性に優れた組成の第2のめっき液中に浸漬させて第2段めっき処理を行うことを特徴とする。
【0011】
これにより、第1段めっき処理で、バリア層で覆われた微細窪みの壁面や底面にめっき未着部のない均一な初期めっき膜を形成し、第2段めっき処理で、この初期めっき膜の表面にボイドフリーで表面を平坦にした表面めっき膜を形成することができる。
【0012】
また、前記第1のめっき液として、ピロリン酸銅めっき液を、第2のめっき液として、硫酸銅めっき液をそれぞれ使用することを特徴とする。ピロリン酸銅めっき液は、その層状析出性の性質から、TiN等のバリア層との密着性に優れており、また、硫酸銅の濃度が高く、硫酸濃度の低い硫酸銅めっき液は、レベリング性に優れている。これにより、バリア層で覆われた微細窪み内に銅を隙間なく均一に充填し、かつ表面を平坦にした銅めっきを施すことができる。
【0013】
更に、前記硫酸銅めっき液として、硫酸銅100〜300g/l、硫酸10〜100g/lの組成のものを使用することを特徴とする。
【0014】
また、基板のめっき装置は、めっき槽と、該めっき槽に基板のバリア層との密着性が優れた組成の第1のめっき液を供給する第1のめっき液供給手段と、該めっき槽にレベリング性に優れた組成の第2のめっき液を供給する第2のめっき液供給手段と、前記第1のめっき液供給手段と第2のめっき液供給手段によるめっき液の供給を切換える切換え手段とを有することを特徴とする。
【0015】
これにより、先ず、めっき槽内に基板のバリア層との密着性に優れた組成の第1のめっき液を供給して基板の第1段めっき処理を行い、しかる後、めっき液の供給を切換え、レベリング性に優れた組成の第2のめっき液を供給して基板の第2段めっき処理を行うことで、第1段めっき処理と第2段めっき処理を同一設備内で連続的に行うことができる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
この実施の形態のめっき方法は、半導体基板の表面に銅めっきを施して、銅層からなる配線が形成された半導体装置を得るのに使用されるのであるが、この工程を図1を参照して説明する。
【0017】
即ち、半導体基板Wには、図1(a)に示すように、半導体素子が形成された半導体基材1上の導電層1aの上にSiO2からなる絶縁膜2が堆積され、リソグラフィ・エッチング技術によりコンタクトホール3と配線用の溝4が形成され、その上にTiN等からなるバリア層5が形成されている。
【0018】
そして、図1(b)に示すように、前記半導体基板Wの表面に銅めっきを施すことで、半導体基材1のコンタクトホール3及び溝4内に銅層6を充填させるとともに、絶縁膜2上に銅層6を堆積させる。その後、化学的機械的研磨(CMP)により、絶縁膜2上の銅層6を除去して、コンタクトホール3および配線用の溝4に充填させた銅層6の表面と絶縁膜2の表面とをほぼ同一平面にする。これにより、図1(c)に示すように銅層6からなる配線が形成される。
【0019】
以下、前記図1(a)に示す半導体基板Wに電解銅めっきを施すプロセスを図2を参照して説明する。先ず、半導体基板Wを、例えば硫酸水溶液中に浸漬させて該半導体基板Wを活性化させる前処理を行う。
【0020】
次に、これを水洗いした後、第1のめっき液、例えばピロリン酸銅めっき液に浸漬させて第1段めっき処理を行い、これによって、図3(a)に示すように、半導体基板Wの微細窪み10の側面及び底面を覆うバリア層11を含む表面に均一な初期めっき膜12を形成する。
【0021】
このように、ピロリン酸銅めっき液は、層状析出性の性質から、TiN等のバリア層11との密着性に優れており、これによって、均一電着性の良い初期めっき膜12を得て、微細窪み10を覆うバリア層11との間に未着部分が生じてしまうことを防止することができる。
【0022】
そして、これを水洗いした後、第2のめっき液、例えば、硫酸銅めっき液に浸漬させて第2段めっき処理を行い、これによって、図3(b)及び(c)に示すように、前記初期めっき膜12の表面に平坦な表面めっき膜13を形成する。ここに、硫酸銅めっき液として、硫酸銅の濃度が高く、硫酸濃度が低いレベリング性に優れた組成の硫酸銅めっき液、例えば、硫酸銅100〜300g/l、硫酸10〜100g/lの組成のものを使用する。
【0023】
ここに、レベリング性とは、表面平坦度に対する性質を意味し、レベリング性が良いと、図4(a)に示すように、基板Wの表面に凹部15があっても、より平坦な表面のめっき膜16aを得ることができ、これに対して、レベリング性が悪いと、同図(b)に示すように、基板Wの表面の凹部15の形状がそのまま表面に残っためっき膜16bを得ることができる。
【0024】
このように、レベリング性に優れためっき液にあっては、図3(b)に示すように、微細窪み10の入口での膜成長が遅くなり、これによって、ボイドの発生を防止しつつ、微細窪み10内に銅を均一に隙間なく充填し、しかも表面を平坦にすることができる。
【0025】
しかる後、水洗いを行い、乾燥させてめっき処理を終了するのであり、これにより、微細窪み10を覆うバリア層11との間にめっき未着部が生じてしまうことがなく、しかもボイドフリーで、かつ表面が平坦なめっき膜14を得ることができる。
【0026】
前記めっき処理に適しためっき装置を図5に示す。
このめっき装置には、めっき槽20と、このめっき槽20の内部に前記第1のめっき液21を供給する第1のめっき液供給手段22aと、前記第2のめっき液23を供給する第2のめっき液供給手段22bが備えられている。
【0027】
前記第1のめっき液供給手段22aには、第1のめっき液21をめっき槽20に送り出すポンプ24aが備えられ、このポンプ24aの上流側に開閉弁25aが配置されているとともに、この開閉弁25aを開閉する切換手段としてのタイマ26aが備えられている。
【0028】
第2のめっき液供給手段22bも同様に、第2のめっき液23をめっき槽20に送り出すポンプ24bが備えられ、このポンプ24bの上流側に開閉弁25bが配置されているとともに、この開閉弁25bを開閉する切換手段としてのタイマ26bが備えられている。
【0029】
更に、前記めっき槽20には、この内部に洗浄水を導入する洗浄水供給管27と、このめっき槽20内の洗浄水を外部に排水する排水管28が接続され、この排水管28には、ポンプ29が接続されている。
【0030】
そして、前述のようにして前処理を施した半導体基板をめっき槽20の内部に入れ、先ず、めっき槽20の内部に洗浄水を導入して水洗いを行った後、タイマ26aを介して第1のめっき液供給手段22aの開閉弁25aを開き、めっき槽20内に第1のめっき液21を供給して第1段めっき処理を行う。そして、一定時間経過後に、前記開閉弁25aを閉じ、めっき槽20の内部に洗浄水を導入して水洗いを行った後、今度は、タイマ26bを介して第2のめっき液供給手段22bの開閉弁26bを開き、めっき槽20内に第2のめっき液23を供給して第2段めっき処理を行うのであり、これにより、第1段めっき処理と第2段めっき処理を同一設備で連続して行うことができる。
【0031】
なお、この例では、めっき液の供給を切り換える切換手段として、タイマを使用した例を示しているが、タイマ以外の任意の手段を使用してもよいことは勿論である。
【0032】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
半導体基板W上に、幅が1.0μm以下の微細窪み10を作り、この微細窪み10をバリア層11で被覆して、これを50℃に維持した100g/lの硫酸水溶液に15秒間浸漬させて前処理を施した後、第1のめっき液による第1段めっき処理を施し、水洗い後に第2のめっき液による第2段めっき処理を施した。そして、水洗いを行って、乾燥させた。
【0033】
ここに、第1のめっき液の組成は、以下の通りである。
Cu227・3H2O 90g/l
427 340g/l
アンモニア 3ml/l
有機添加物 0.5ml/l
また、めっき条件は、以下の通りである。

Figure 0003836252
【0034】
一方、第2のめっき液の組成は、以下の通りである。
CuSO4・5H2O 200g/l
2SO4 50g/l
NaCl 100mg/l
有機添加物 5ml/l
また、めっき条件は、以下の通りである。
Figure 0003836252
これにより、図6(a)に示すように、半導体基板Wの微細窪み10内をバリア層11との間にめっき未着部を生じることなく、ボイドフリーの銅めっき膜14で埋めることができた。
【0035】
(比較例1)
比較例1として、前記と同様な前処理を施した半導体基板Wに、前記第1のめっき液のみによるめっき処理を施したところ、図6(b)に示すように、微細窪み10内の銅めっき膜14の内部にボイド30が生じていたことが確認された。
【0036】
(比較例2)
比較例2として、前記と同様な前処理を施した半導体ウエハに、前記第2のめっき液のみでめっき処理を施したところ、図6(c)に示すように、微細窪み10の底部の隅部にバリア層11との間のめっき未着部31が生じたことが確認された。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、第1段めっき処理で、微細窪みを覆うバリア層との間にめっき未着部のない均一な初期めっき膜を形成し、第2段めっき処理で、この初期めっき膜の表面にボイドフリーで表面を平坦にした表面めっき膜を形成することで、微細な配線用の溝等の微細窪みに銅又は銅合金等の電気抵抗の小さい材料を隙間なく均一に、かつ表面を平坦に充填することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の基板のめっき方法によって製造される半導体素子の製造工程を示す断面図である。
【図2】本発明の実施の形態のめっき方法のプロセスを示す工程図である。
【図3】同じく、図2のプロセスの説明に付する断面図である。
【図4】レベリング性の説明に付する断面図である。
【図5】本発明の実施の形態のめっき装置を示す概略図である。
【図6】本発明の実施例1と比較例1及び2との差異を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
10 微細窪み
11 バリア層
12 初期めっき膜
13 表面めっき膜
14 めっき膜
20 めっき槽
21 第1のめっき液
22a,22b めっき液供給手段
23 第2のめっき液
25a,25b 開閉弁
26a,26b タイマ(切換手段)[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plating how the substrate, particularly relates to a plating how application of a substrate such as filling the metal of copper (Cu) or the like in the depression for wiring formed on a semiconductor substrate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to form a wiring circuit on a semiconductor substrate, after forming a conductor film on the substrate surface by sputtering or the like, an unnecessary portion of the film is further formed by chemical dry etching using a pattern mask such as a resist. Had been removed.
[0003]
Aluminum (Al) or an aluminum alloy has been used as a material for forming the wiring circuit. However, as the degree of semiconductor integration increases, the wiring becomes thinner and the current density increases, causing thermal stress and temperature rise. This becomes more conspicuous as Al or the like becomes thinner due to stress migration or electromigration, and finally there is a risk of disconnection or short circuit.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to avoid excessive heat generation due to energization, it is required to employ a material such as copper having higher conductivity for wiring formation. However, copper or an alloy thereof is difficult to dry-etch, and it is difficult to adopt the above-described method of forming a pattern after the entire surface is formed. Therefore, a process of forming a wiring groove having a predetermined pattern in advance and filling copper or an alloy thereof therein may be considered. According to this, the process of removing the film by etching is unnecessary, and a polishing process for removing the surface step may be performed. Further, there is an advantage that portions called plugs that connect the upper and lower sides of the multilayer circuit can be formed simultaneously.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the shape of such a wiring groove or plug becomes a considerably high aspect ratio (ratio of depth to width) as the wiring width becomes finer, and uniform metal filling is difficult in sputtering film formation. In addition, a vapor deposition (CVD) method is used as a film forming means for various materials. However, it is difficult to prepare an appropriate gas source with copper or an alloy thereof, and when an organic source is used. However, there is a problem in that carbon (C) is mixed into the deposited film and migration is improved.
[0006]
Therefore, a method of performing electroless or electrolytic plating by immersing the substrate in a plating solution has been proposed. In film formation by such plating, it becomes possible to uniformly fill the high-aspect-ratio wiring grooves with metal.
[0007]
Here, for example, in electrolytic copper plating, a copper sulfate plating solution containing copper sulfate and sulfuric acid in its composition is generally used as the plating solution. However, the periphery and bottom surface of the fine depression of the substrate are generally covered with a barrier layer such as TiN or TaN, and the sheet resistance value of this barrier layer is very large compared to the resistance value of the copper sulfate plating solution. For this reason, when copper is filled in the fine recesses covered with the barrier layer by the plating process using the copper sulfate plating solution, there is a problem that a plating film having poor adhesion is formed.
[0008]
On the other hand, copper pyrophosphate plating solution with excellent adhesion is widely used due to the property of layered precipitation, but this pyrophosphate plating solution is inferior in leveling property, and therefore, copper pyrophosphate plating When copper is filled into the fine pits by plating using a liquid, there is a problem that the entrance of the fine pits is closed first and so-called voids are easily generated.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances so that a material having a small electrical resistance such as copper or a copper alloy can be uniformly filled in a minute recess such as a groove for fine wiring without gaps and the surface can be filled flat. and to provide a plating how the substrate was.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the substrate plating method of the present invention, a semiconductor substrate having a fine depression with a width of 1.0 μm or less covered with a barrier layer is immersed in a copper pyrophosphate plating solution to perform a first stage plating treatment, and the barrier An initial plating film is formed on the wall surface and bottom surface of the fine depression covered with the layer, and the second plating process is performed by immersing the semiconductor substrate on which the initial plating film is formed in a copper sulfate plating solution. A surface plating film is formed on the surface of the substrate. That is, in a method for plating a substrate in which a substrate having a fine depression with a barrier layer formed thereon is subjected to electrolytic plating and filling the fine depression with a metal, the substrate has a composition with excellent adhesion to the barrier layer of the substrate. It is characterized in that after the first plating process is performed by immersing in the first plating solution, the second plating process is performed by immersing in the second plating solution having an excellent leveling property.
[0011]
As a result, a uniform initial plating film having no unplated portion is formed on the wall surface and bottom surface of the fine depression covered with the barrier layer in the first stage plating process, and this initial plating film is formed in the second stage plating process. It is possible to form a surface plating film with a void-free surface and a flat surface.
[0012]
Further, a copper pyrophosphate plating solution is used as the first plating solution, and a copper sulfate plating solution is used as the second plating solution, respectively. The copper pyrophosphate plating solution is excellent in adhesion to the barrier layer such as TiN due to its layered precipitation property, and the copper sulfate plating solution with high copper sulfate concentration and low sulfuric acid concentration is leveling property. Is excellent. Thereby, the copper plating which filled the copper uniformly in the fine hollow covered with the barrier layer without a gap, and made the surface flat can be performed.
[0013]
Furthermore, as the copper sulfate plating solution, one having a composition of copper sulfate 100 to 300 g / l and sulfuric acid 10 to 100 g / l is used.
[0014]
Further, the substrate plating apparatus includes a plating tank, a first plating solution supply means for supplying the plating tank with a first plating solution having a composition having excellent adhesion to the barrier layer of the substrate, and the plating tank. A second plating solution supply means for supplying a second plating solution having a composition excellent in leveling properties; and a switching means for switching the supply of the plating solution by the first plating solution supply means and the second plating solution supply means; It is characterized by having.
[0015]
Thereby, first, the first plating solution having a composition excellent in adhesion to the barrier layer of the substrate is supplied into the plating tank to perform the first stage plating treatment of the substrate, and then the supply of the plating solution is switched. By supplying the second plating solution having a composition with excellent leveling property and performing the second stage plating process of the substrate, the first stage plating process and the second stage plating process are continuously performed in the same facility. Can do.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The plating method of this embodiment is used to obtain a semiconductor device in which a wiring made of a copper layer is formed by performing copper plating on the surface of a semiconductor substrate. This process is described with reference to FIG. I will explain.
[0017]
That is, the semiconductor the substrate W, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), an insulating film 2 made of SiO 2 is deposited on a conductive layer 1a on a semiconductor substrate 1 on which semiconductor devices are formed, lithography etching A contact hole 3 and a wiring groove 4 are formed by a technique, and a barrier layer 5 made of TiN or the like is formed thereon.
[0018]
Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the copper layer 6 is filled in the contact holes 3 and the grooves 4 of the semiconductor substrate 1 by performing copper plating on the surface of the semiconductor substrate W, and the insulating film 2 A copper layer 6 is deposited thereon. Thereafter, the copper layer 6 on the insulating film 2 is removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and the surface of the copper layer 6 filled in the contact hole 3 and the wiring groove 4 and the surface of the insulating film 2 Are almost coplanar. As a result, a wiring made of the copper layer 6 is formed as shown in FIG.
[0019]
Hereinafter, a process for performing electrolytic copper plating on the semiconductor substrate W shown in FIG. 1A will be described with reference to FIG. First, a pretreatment for activating the semiconductor substrate W by immersing the semiconductor substrate W in, for example, an aqueous sulfuric acid solution is performed.
[0020]
Next, after washing this with water, it is immersed in a first plating solution, for example, a copper pyrophosphate plating solution, and a first stage plating treatment is performed. As a result, as shown in FIG. A uniform initial plating film 12 is formed on the surface including the barrier layer 11 covering the side surface and the bottom surface of the fine recess 10.
[0021]
Thus, the copper pyrophosphate plating solution is excellent in adhesion with the barrier layer 11 such as TiN from the property of layered precipitation, thereby obtaining an initial plating film 12 with good uniform electrodeposition, It is possible to prevent an unattached portion from being formed between the barrier layer 11 covering the fine recess 10.
[0022]
Then, after washing this with water, it is immersed in a second plating solution, for example, a copper sulfate plating solution, to perform a second stage plating treatment, thereby, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and (c), A flat surface plating film 13 is formed on the surface of the initial plating film 12. Here, as a copper sulfate plating solution, a copper sulfate plating solution having a high copper sulfate concentration and a low sulfuric acid concentration and excellent leveling properties, for example, a composition of copper sulfate 100 to 300 g / l, sulfuric acid 10 to 100 g / l Use one.
[0023]
Here, the leveling property means the property with respect to the surface flatness, and when the leveling property is good, as shown in FIG. A plating film 16a can be obtained. On the other hand, if the leveling property is poor, a plating film 16b is obtained in which the shape of the recess 15 on the surface of the substrate W remains on the surface as shown in FIG. be able to.
[0024]
Thus, in the plating solution excellent in leveling property, as shown in FIG. 3B, the film growth at the entrance of the fine depression 10 is slowed, thereby preventing the generation of voids, The fine recess 10 can be filled with copper uniformly without any gaps, and the surface can be flattened.
[0025]
After that, it is washed with water and dried to finish the plating process, so that there is no occurrence of an unplated portion with the barrier layer 11 covering the fine depression 10, and it is void-free. In addition, the plating film 14 having a flat surface can be obtained.
[0026]
A plating apparatus suitable for the plating process is shown in FIG.
In this plating apparatus, a plating tank 20, a first plating solution supply means 22 a for supplying the first plating solution 21 to the inside of the plating tank 20, and a second for supplying the second plating solution 23. The plating solution supply means 22b is provided.
[0027]
The first plating solution supply means 22a is provided with a pump 24a for sending the first plating solution 21 to the plating tank 20, and an on-off valve 25a is disposed upstream of the pump 24a. A timer 26a is provided as switching means for opening and closing 25a.
[0028]
Similarly, the second plating solution supply means 22b is provided with a pump 24b for sending the second plating solution 23 to the plating tank 20, and an opening / closing valve 25b is disposed upstream of the pump 24b. A timer 26b is provided as switching means for opening and closing 25b.
[0029]
Furthermore, a washing water supply pipe 27 for introducing washing water into the plating tank 20 and a drain pipe 28 for draining the washing water in the plating tank 20 to the outside are connected to the plating tank 20. The pump 29 is connected.
[0030]
Then, the semiconductor substrate that has been pretreated as described above is placed in the plating tank 20, and after washing water is first introduced into the plating tank 20, the first washing is performed via the timer 26 a. The on-off valve 25a of the plating solution supply means 22a is opened, and the first plating solution 21 is supplied into the plating tank 20 to perform the first stage plating process. Then, after a lapse of a certain time, the on-off valve 25a is closed, washing water is introduced into the plating tank 20 and washing is performed, and then the second plating solution supply means 22b is opened and closed via the timer 26b. The valve 26b is opened, the second plating solution 23 is supplied into the plating tank 20, and the second-stage plating process is performed. Thus, the first-stage plating process and the second-stage plating process are continuously performed with the same equipment. Can be done.
[0031]
In this example, an example is shown in which a timer is used as the switching means for switching the supply of the plating solution, but it is needless to say that any means other than the timer may be used.
[0032]
【Example】
Example 1
A fine depression 10 having a width of 1.0 μm or less is formed on the semiconductor substrate W, this fine depression 10 is covered with a barrier layer 11 and immersed in a 100 g / l sulfuric acid aqueous solution maintained at 50 ° C. for 15 seconds. After the pretreatment, the first stage plating process using the first plating solution was performed, and the second stage plating process using the second plating solution was performed after washing with water. Then, it was washed with water and dried.
[0033]
Here, the composition of the first plating solution is as follows.
Cu 2 P 2 O 7 · 3H 2 O 90g / l
H 4 P 2 O 7 340 g / l
Ammonia 3ml / l
Organic additive 0.5ml / l
The plating conditions are as follows.
Figure 0003836252
[0034]
On the other hand, the composition of the second plating solution is as follows.
CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O 200g / l
H 2 SO 4 50 g / l
NaCl 100 mg / l
Organic additive 5ml / l
The plating conditions are as follows.
Figure 0003836252
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6A, the inside of the fine recess 10 of the semiconductor substrate W can be filled with the void-free copper plating film 14 without generating a plating unattached portion between the semiconductor substrate W and the barrier layer 11. It was.
[0035]
(Comparative Example 1)
As Comparative Example 1, a semiconductor substrate W subjected to the same pretreatment as described above was subjected to a plating treatment using only the first plating solution, and as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the void 30 was generated inside the plating film 14.
[0036]
(Comparative Example 2)
As Comparative Example 2, a semiconductor wafer that had been subjected to the same pretreatment as described above was subjected to a plating treatment using only the second plating solution. As shown in FIG. It was confirmed that an unplated portion 31 between the barrier layer 11 and the barrier layer 11 was generated.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the first stage plating process, a uniform initial plating film without a plating unattached portion is formed between the barrier layer covering the fine depressions, and the second stage plating process. By forming a void-free surface plating film on the surface of this initial plating film, a material with low electrical resistance such as copper or copper alloy can be placed in a fine recess such as a groove for fine wiring without any gaps. The surface can be uniformly and evenly filled.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device manufactured by a substrate plating method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a process of a plating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the process of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining leveling properties.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a plating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a difference between Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fine hollow 11 Barrier layer 12 Initial plating film 13 Surface plating film 14 Plating film 20 Plating tank 21 1st plating solution 22a, 22b Plating solution supply means 23 2nd plating solution 25a, 25b On-off valve 26a, 26b Timer (switching) means)

Claims (2)

バリア層で覆われた幅が1.0μm以下の微細窪みを有する半導体基板をピロリン酸銅めっき液中に浸漬させて、第1段めっき処理を行い、前記バリア層で覆われた微細窪みの壁面や底面に初期めっき膜を形成し、該初期めっき膜を形成した半導体基板を硫酸銅めっき液中に浸漬させて第2段めっき処理を行い、前記初期めっき膜の表面に表面めっき膜を形成することを特徴とする基板のめっき方法。A semiconductor substrate having a fine depression with a width of 1.0 μm or less covered with a barrier layer is immersed in a copper pyrophosphate plating solution to perform a first stage plating process, and the wall surface of the fine depression covered with the barrier layer An initial plating film is formed on the bottom surface and the semiconductor substrate on which the initial plating film is formed is immersed in a copper sulfate plating solution to perform a second stage plating process, and a surface plating film is formed on the surface of the initial plating film A method for plating a substrate. 前記硫酸銅めっき液として、硫酸銅100〜300g/l、硫酸10〜100g/lの組成のものを使用することを特徴とする請求項記載の基板のめっき方法。As the copper sulfate plating solution, the plating method of a substrate according to claim 1, wherein the use of those compositions of copper sulfate 100 to 300 g / l, sulfuric acid 10 to 100 g / l.
JP13615298A 1998-04-30 1998-04-30 Substrate plating method Expired - Fee Related JP3836252B2 (en)

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JP13615298A JP3836252B2 (en) 1998-04-30 1998-04-30 Substrate plating method
PCT/JP1999/002271 WO1999057342A1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-28 Method and device for plating substrate
KR1020007011820A KR100654413B1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-28 Method for plating substrate
EP99917206A EP1091024A4 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-28 Method and device for plating substrate
US09/674,179 US6517894B1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-28 Method for plating a first layer on a substrate and a second layer on the first layer
TW088106895A TW530099B (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-29 Electroplating method of a semiconductor substrate
TW091111928A TWI250223B (en) 1998-04-30 1999-04-29 Apparatus for electroplating a semiconductor substrate
US10/017,384 US6908534B2 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-12-18 Substrate plating method and apparatus
US11/008,098 US20050098439A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2004-12-10 Substrate plating method and apparatus

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