JP3826095B2 - Temperature sensor - Google Patents

Temperature sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3826095B2
JP3826095B2 JP2002324372A JP2002324372A JP3826095B2 JP 3826095 B2 JP3826095 B2 JP 3826095B2 JP 2002324372 A JP2002324372 A JP 2002324372A JP 2002324372 A JP2002324372 A JP 2002324372A JP 3826095 B2 JP3826095 B2 JP 3826095B2
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end side
metal tube
sheath
flange
temperature sensor
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JP2002324372A
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JP2004157052A (en
Inventor
雅樹 岩谷
雅彦 西
孝昭 長曽我部
賢 早川
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金属酸化物などの半導体からなるサーミスタや金属抵抗体等を感温素子として備える温度センサに関する。更に詳しくは、自動車の排気ガス浄化装置の触媒コンバータ内部や排気管内等といった被測定流体(例えば排気ガス)が流通する流通路内に素子を配置し、被測定流体の温度検出を行う温度センサに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、先端側に感温素子であるサーミスタ素子を接続し、後端側に外部回路接続用のリード線を接続している金属芯線を内包したシース部材(シースピン)と、サーミスタ素子を収納する形態でシース部材に装着される金属キャップとを備え、このシース部材がフランジ(リブ)の所定位置にて溶接された構造の温度センサが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。このような温度センサは、排気ガス通路内を流れる排気ガスの温度を感温素子によって検出するための排気温センサとして用いられている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−162051号公報(第1図)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ここで、特許文献1に記載の温度センサにおいては、フランジ内にシース部材を挿入し、フランジにおける排気ガス通路寄りの端部(換言すれば、フランジの先端部)をレーザー溶接により全周溶接することによって、フランジとシース部材とを固定した構造を有している。しかし、このような構造の温度センサでは、例えば排気管に装着されたときに、フランジとシース部材との溶接部が排気ガス通路内に配置されることになる。そのために、排気管内にて感熱部(排気管内に配置されるサーミスタ素子側の部位)から溶接部を経由してフランジに熱が伝導する熱引きの問題が生ずる。感熱部からフランジへの熱伝導が容易になると、応答性の悪化、感熱部での温度測定精度の低下を招くことに繋がる。
【0005】
また、排気ガス通路内に金属体同士の溶接部が配置される場合、溶接部が高温環境下に直接晒されるために同溶接部が酸化してしまい、長期間の使用によりセンサ自体の耐久性や排気ガスの気密性を損なうおそれがある。そのために、温度センサの信頼性を高めるべく、排気ガス通路内に配置されるレーザー溶接等の溶接部をできるだけ少なくさせた構造が望まれている。
【0006】
本発明は、上述した従来の問題点を解決するものであり、自動車の触媒コンバタ内部、或いは排気管内のように高温環境下に使用した場合でも、センサ自体の耐久性に優れ、感熱部からフランジ等への熱引きが抑えられ、信頼性の高い温度センサを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
その解決手段は、先端側が閉塞した軸線方向に延びる筒状の金属チューブと、金属チューブの内部に収納され、温度によって電気的特性が変化する素子と、金属チューブの外周を取り囲むように配置されるフランジとを備える温度センサであって、フランジは、軸線方向に延びる鞘部と、鞘部の先端側に位置し、径方向外側に向かって突出する突出部とを有し、金属チューブは少なくとも鞘部に圧入または加締め固定されており、金属チューブと鞘部とが周方向にわたって溶接されている温度センサである。
【0008】
本発明の温度センサでは、金属チューブとフランジとが溶接により一体に接合される訳だが、この溶接は、フランジの内で排気ガス通路等の被測定流体が流通する流通路内に臨む部分(具体的には突出部の先端側)ではなく、突出部の後端側に位置する鞘部において行われるものである。これにより、温度センサを被測定流体が流通する流通管に装着したとき、フランジと金属チューブとを固定するための溶接部が流通路内に配置されることはない。換言すれば、排気ガス等の被測定流体に晒されない位置にフランジと金属チューブとの溶接部が設けられる。その結果、流通路内において、感熱部から溶接部を介してフランジに至る伝熱経路が形成されることはなく、感熱部からフランジ等への熱引きの度合いを従来に比して抑えられ、センサ自身の応答性の向上、温度測定精度の低下防止の効果が得られる。さらに、本発明では、金属チューブ自身がフランジの鞘部に溶接固定される構造であるため、上述したように同溶接部が被測定流体に晒されることはなく、被測定流体に対する気密の信頼性を向上させることができる。
【0009】
また、本発明では、素子を収納する金属チューブをフランジの少なくとも鞘部に圧入又は加締め固定しつつ、金属チューブと鞘部とを周方向に溶接しているため、溶接強度に優れると共に、フランジと金属チューブとの密着強度に優れる。したがって、本発明の温度センサは、自動車等の振動の激しい環境下に使用した場合にも耐久性に優れ、被測定流体に対する気密の信頼性がより向上することになる。
【0010】
ここで、温度センサを自動車の排気ガス温度を検出するために使用した場合、200〜1000℃程度の高温環境下での使用に供されるが故に、金属チューブの外面はもとより内面が酸化されて、素子が収納される空間内の酸素濃度が著しく低下し、素子の表面が還元される等の理由で同素子に特性変化が生じることがある。そして、この酸化は特に金属チューブとフランジとの溶接部分の外面及び内面において生じ易く、この溶接部が流通路内に臨むフランジの先端側に形成される場合は、溶接部自身が高温環境下に直接晒されることになるので、酸化が助長されることになる。一方、本発明では、金属チューブとフランジとの溶接を、フランジの内で流通路内に臨む先端側の突出部ではなく、突出部の後端側に位置する鞘部に行っていることから、溶接部での酸化の発生が抑えられ、耐久性に優れた温度センサとすることができる。
【0011】
また、本発明の温度センサでは、フランジを構成する鞘部は、先端側に位置する先端側段部と該先端側段部よりも小さい外径を有する後端側段部とを備える二段形状なし、金属チューブは、鞘部の後端側段部に溶接されている
【0012】
金属チューブとフランジの鞘部との溶接部を同鞘部の周方向にわたって十分な溶接強度を有する状態で形成するには、溶接条件を高めに設定したり、溶接条件を変更せずに鞘部の肉厚を薄肉化して溶接を行うことが考えられる。しかし、単純に溶接条件を高めるとコストアップに繋がり、逆に鞘部全体の肉厚を薄くすると鞘部自身の機械的強度が低下するおそれがある。そこで、本発明では、フランジの鞘部を、先端側段部とそれよりも小径の後端側段部の二段形状に形成し、金属チューブを鞘部の後端側段部に溶接している。つまり、鞘部の内で溶接に供される部分の肉厚を薄くした形状を採用している。それにより、鞘部と金属チューブとの溶接を良好に行え、両者の溶接強度を良好に確保しつつ、鞘部ひいてはフランジの機械的強度についても確保することができる。尚、鞘部の後端側を先端側よりも小径に形成することは、後端側を先端側よりも大径に形成するのに比して加工の面から容易であり望ましい。
【0013】
尚、金属チューブとフランジとの溶接手段は特に限定されないが、具体的な溶接(溶接手段)として、レーザー溶接、プラズマ溶接、電子ビーム溶接、アルゴン溶接等を挙げることができる。
【0014】
さらに、本発明の温度センサでは、先端側に素子が配置され、後端側に外部回路接続用のリード線が接続される金属芯線を内包したシース部材と、フランジの鞘部の径方向外側に気密状態に接合されると共に、軸線方向の後方に向かって延びる筒状の継手とを備え、シース部材の先端側が金属チューブの内部に挿通されるとともに、金属チューブの後端側及びリード線の先端側が継手の内部に配置されている
【0015】
本発明の温度センサにあっては、金属チューブ内に収納する素子と、外部回路接続用のリード線とを金属芯線を内包するシース部材を介して接続されるため、金属チューブとリード線との間に別途絶縁粉末を充填するなどの工程が不要となり、両者の電気的な絶縁が確実になされる。また、本発明では、シース部材の先端側を金属チューブの内部に挿通させた状態で、金属チューブの後端側をフランジの後端側に接合された継手の内部に配置させると共に、リード線の先端側を継手の内部に配置させている。そのため、素子が、金属チューブ、フランジ及び継手を金属包囲部材として形成される閉空間に収容されることになる一方、上記閉空間の内部とセンサ自身の外部との間の通気が、リード線の内部(リード線内の空隙)、継手の内部空間、シース部材の先端側外周面と金属チューブとの内周面との間の空隙とから形成される通気経路によって許容されることになる。
【0016】
したがって、本発明では、金属チューブの内面が酸化されることがあっても、外部と金属チューブの内部との通気が確保されるので、金属チューブ内の酸素濃度の低下を抑えられ、上記酸化に伴う素子の特性変化を抑制することができる。尚、継手とフランジとの接合の手段は特に限定されず、レーザー溶接、プラズマ溶接、電子ビーム溶接、アルゴン溶接、ロー付け接合等が挙げられる。
【0017】
また、本発明の温度センサでは、鞘部は、先端側に位置する先端側段部と先端側段部よりも小さい外径を有する後端側段部とを備える二段形状をなし、金属チューブは、鞘部の後端側段部に溶接されるとともに、継手は、鞘部の先端側段部の外周面に周方向にわたって接合されている
【0018】
上述したように、フランジの鞘部を、先端側段部とそれよりも小径の後端側段部の二段形状に形成し、金属チューブを鞘部の後端側段部に溶接することで、鞘部と金属チューブとの溶接強度を十分に確保することができる一方、フランジの機械的強度を確保することができる。さらに、本発明の温度センサにあっては、筒状の継手をフランジの先端側段部の外周面に接合している。そのため、フランジの鞘部の後端側段部と金属チューブとの溶接部が、継手内部に収納されることになる。したがって、継手が、金属チューブとフランジとの溶接部に塩水や水分が付着するのを保護する役割を果たし、同溶接部が水分等の影響で腐食されるのが抑えられる。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
(実施形態)
本発明の実施の形態である温度センサ1について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。図1は、本発明の温度センサ1の構造を示す部分破断断面図である。この温度センサ1は、サーミスタ素子2を感温素子として用いたものであり、同センサ1を自動車の排気管に装着することにより、サーミスタ素子2を排気ガスが流れる排気管内に配置させて、排気ガスの温度検出に使用するものである。
【0025】
軸線方向に延びる金属チューブ3は、鋼板の深絞り加工により先端側31が閉塞した筒状をなしており、この先端側31の内部にサーミスタ素子2が収納される。この金属チューブ3は、後述するようにステンレス合金から形成されている。そして、金属チューブ3の内部であってサーミスタ素子2の周囲には、セメント10が充填されており、これにより使用時の振動等によるサーミスタ素子2の揺動が防止される。金属チューブ3の後端側32は開放されており、この後端側32はステンレス合金製のフランジ4の内側に挿通されている。
【0026】
このフランジ4は、軸線方向に延びる鞘部42と、この鞘部42の先端側に位置し、径方向外側に向かって突出する突出部41とを有している。突出部41は、先端側に図示しない排気管の取付部のテーパ部に対応したテーパ形状を有する座面45を有する環状に形成されており、座面45が上記取付部のテーパ部に密着することで、排気ガスが排気管外部へ漏出するのを防止するようになっている。また、鞘部42は環状に形成される一方、先端側に位置する先端側段部44と先端側段部44よりも小さい外径を有する後端側段部43とを備える二段形状をなしている。
【0027】
金属チューブ3は、自身の後端側32からフランジ4の突出部41の先端側に挿入されて、鞘部42の内側に圧入されている。そして、金属チューブ3の外周面と鞘部42の後端側段部43の内周面との重なり合う部分が、周方向にわたってレーザー溶接されている。このレーザー溶接がなされることにより、図1に示すように、鞘部42の後端側段部43と金属チューブ3とに跨る溶接部L1が形成され、金属チューブ3がフランジ4に対して強固に固定される。
【0028】
このように、金属チューブ3をフランジ4の鞘部42に圧入しつつ、鞘部42の後端側段部43にレーザー溶接を行うことによって、フランジ4と金属チューブ3との溶接強度に優れると共に、フランジ4と金属チューブ3との密着強度に優れる温度センサ1とすることができる。したがって、自動車等の振動の激しい環境下において温度センサ1が強い振動を受けても、金属チューブ3自体が振れ難く、金属チューブ3の折損等を抑制することができる。また、排気ガスに対する気密の信頼性を向上させることができる。尚、フランジ4の鞘部42と金属チューブ3との密着性を確保するにあたっては、鞘部42に金属チューブ3を圧入する手法に限られず、鞘部42と金属チューブ3とを径方向内側に向かって加締めても良く、さらには上記圧入と上記加締めとを併用させても良い。
【0029】
フランジ4の周囲には、六角ナット部51及びネジ部52を有するナット5が回動自在に嵌挿されている。温度センサ1は、排気管の取付部にフランジ4の突出部41の座面45を当接させ、ナット5により固定される。また、フランジ4の内で鞘部42の先端側段部44の径方向外側には、筒状の継手6が気密状態で接合されている。具体的には、鞘部42の先端側段部44の外周面に継手6の内周面が重なり合うように、同継手6が鞘部42の先端側段部44に圧入され、継手6と先端側段部44とを周方向にわたってレーザー溶接している。このレーザー溶接がなされることにより、図1に示すように、鞘部42の先端側段部44と継手6とに跨る溶接部L2が形成される。
【0030】
金属チューブ3、フランジ4及び継手6の内部には、一対の金属芯線7を内包するシース部材8が配置される。金属チューブ3の内部においてシース部材8の先端側から突出する金属芯線7には、サーミスタ素子2がPt/Rh合金線9を介して接続される。この合金線9は、サーミスタ素子2と同時に焼成されるものである。合金線9及び金属芯線7は互いに抵抗溶接される。尚、シース部材8は、詳細は図示しないが、SUS310Sからなる金属製の外筒と、SUS310S等からなる導電性の一対の金属芯線7と、外筒と各金属芯線7の間を絶縁し、金属芯線7を保持する絶縁粉末とから構成される。
【0031】
継手6の内部にてシース部材8の後端側へ突き出す金属芯線7は、加締め端子11を介して一対の外部回路(例えば車両のECU等)接続用のリード線12が接続される。一対の金属芯線7及び一対の加締め端子11は、絶縁チューブ15により互いに絶縁される。リード線12は、ステンレス合金製の導線を絶縁性の被覆材にて被覆したものであり、継手6の後端側開口に備えられる耐熱ゴム製の補助リング13に挿通される。そして、補助リング13は、継手6の上から丸加締め或いは多角加締めされることにより、両者13、6が気密性を保ちながら互いに固定される。これにより、サーミスタ素子2が、金属チューブ3、フランジ4及び継手6を金属包囲部材として形成される閉空間に収容されることになる。そして、サーミスタ素子2の出力は、シース部材8の金属芯線7からリード線12により、図示しない外部回路に取り出され、排気ガスの温度が検出される。
【0032】
ここで、本実施の形態の温度センサ1にあっては、外部からリード線12の内側の空隙を介して大気が継手6の内部に入り込むと、その大気は、継手6、金属チューブ3及びフランジ4の内部が閉空間に形成される関係上、金属チューブ3内にまで入り込むことになる。したがって、温度センサ1では、外部(リード線12の内部)から金属チューブ3内までの通気が確保されることになり、サーミスタ素子2を収納する金属チューブ3が酸化した場合にも、同金属チューブ3内の酸素濃度の低下が抑えられ、サーミスタ素子2の特性変化を抑制することができる。
【0033】
尚、この温度センサ1は1000℃にも達する高温環境下で使用されるため、各々の構成部材は十分な耐熱性を有している必要がある。そのため、金属チューブ3、フランジ4及び金属芯線7は、Feを主成分とし、C、Si、Mn、P、S、Ni及びCrを含有する耐熱合金であるSUS310Sにより形成されている。また、継手6は、SUS304に形成されている。
【0034】
以上に説明したように、本実施の形態の温度センサ1は、金属チューブ3とフランジ4とがレーザー溶接により一体に接合される訳だが、レーザー溶接により形成される溶接部L1は、フランジ4のうちで排気管内に臨む先端側の突出部41ではなく、後端側に位置する鞘部42に形成される。これにより、排気管内において、温度センサ1の感熱部(フランジ4の座面45よりもサーミスタ素子2側の部位)から溶接部を介してフランジ4に至る伝熱経路が形成されず、感熱部からフランジ4等への熱引きの度合いを従来に比して抑えることができる。その結果、応答性向上、温度測定精度の低下防止の効果を得ることができると共に、継手6の温度上昇を抑えて補助リング13の信頼性を維持することができる。
【0035】
また、この金属チューブ3とフランジ4との溶接部L1が排気管内に直接晒されないことから、溶接部の内面にて生じ易い酸化を有効に抑制することができ、ひいてはサーミスタ素子2が特性変化することを抑制することができる一方、排気ガスに対する気密の信頼性を向上させることができる。
【0043】
尚、本発明においては、上述した具体的な実施形態に限られず、目的、用途に応じて本発明の範囲内で種々変更した実施形態とすることができる。例えば、実施形態の温度センサ1において、金属チューブ3の先端部の厚さを他の部分よりも薄くすることにより、温度センサの応答性をさらに向上させることもできる。
【0044】
また、フランジ4の突出部41よりも先端側に、同突出部41よりも外径が小径の外径を有し、金属チューブ3外径よりも大径の内径を有する筒状部を一体に形成し、この筒状部の外周面を径方向内側に加締めることで、筒状部と金属チューブ3を加締め固定してもよい。これにより、金属チューブ3折損がより一層起こり難い耐震性に優れた温度センサとすることができる。さらに、本発明の温度センサは、排気温センサのみならず、被測定流体として水や油等の液体が流れる流通路に取り付けられる温度センサにも適用可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 サーミスタ素子を収納する金属チューブがフランジの鞘部に圧入され、この鞘部において周方向にわたってレーザー溶接されている温度センサを示す部分破断断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・温度センサ、2・・・サーミスタ素子、3・・・金属チューブ、4・・・フランジ、41・・・突出部、42・・・鞘部、43・・・後端側段部、44・・・先端側段部、6・・・継手、7・・・金属芯線、8・・・シース部材、12・・・リード線、L1、L2、L3・・・溶接部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a temperature sensor including a thermistor made of a semiconductor such as a metal oxide, a metal resistor, or the like as a temperature sensitive element. More particularly, the present invention relates to a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a fluid to be measured by disposing an element in a flow passage through which a fluid to be measured (for example, exhaust gas) flows, such as in a catalytic converter or an exhaust pipe of an automobile exhaust gas purification device. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a thermistor element, which is a thermosensitive element, is connected to the front end side, and a sheath member (seespin) containing a metal core wire connecting a lead wire for external circuit connection to the rear end side, and the thermistor element are housed. There is known a temperature sensor that includes a metal cap that is attached to a sheath member in a form, and the sheath member is welded at a predetermined position of a flange (rib) (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Such a temperature sensor is used as an exhaust temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas passage by a temperature sensing element.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-162051 (FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Here, in the temperature sensor described in Patent Document 1, a sheath member is inserted into the flange, and the end of the flange near the exhaust gas passage (in other words, the end of the flange) is welded all around by laser welding. Thus, the flange and the sheath member are fixed. However, in the temperature sensor having such a structure, for example, when the temperature sensor is attached to the exhaust pipe, the welded portion between the flange and the sheath member is disposed in the exhaust gas passage. Therefore, there arises a problem of heat pulling in which heat is conducted from the heat-sensitive part (the thermistor element side portion disposed in the exhaust pipe) to the flange through the welded part in the exhaust pipe. If the heat conduction from the heat sensitive part to the flange becomes easy, the responsiveness is deteriorated and the temperature measurement accuracy in the heat sensitive part is lowered.
[0005]
In addition, when a welded part between metal bodies is arranged in the exhaust gas passage, the welded part is directly exposed to a high temperature environment, and the welded part is oxidized. Or the air tightness of the exhaust gas may be impaired. Therefore, in order to increase the reliability of the temperature sensor, a structure is desired in which the number of welds such as laser welding disposed in the exhaust gas passage is reduced as much as possible.
[0006]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is excellent in durability of the sensor itself even when used in a high-temperature environment such as in a catalyst converter of an automobile or in an exhaust pipe. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable temperature sensor in which the heat sinking to the surface is suppressed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The solution is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery of the metal tube, a cylindrical metal tube extending in the axial direction with the tip end closed, an element housed in the metal tube and whose electrical characteristics change with temperature. A flange includes a flange, the flange having a sheath portion extending in the axial direction, a protrusion positioned on a distal end side of the sheath portion and projecting radially outward, and the metal tube is at least a sheath This is a temperature sensor that is press-fitted or fixed by crimping, and the metal tube and the sheath are welded in the circumferential direction.
[0008]
In the temperature sensor of the present invention, the metal tube and the flange are integrally joined by welding, but this welding is performed in a portion of the flange facing the flow passage through which a fluid to be measured such as an exhaust gas passage (specifically) In particular, it is performed not on the front end side of the protrusion, but on the sheath located on the rear end side of the protrusion. Thus, when the temperature sensor is attached to the flow pipe through which the fluid to be measured flows, the welded portion for fixing the flange and the metal tube is not disposed in the flow path. In other words, the welded portion between the flange and the metal tube is provided at a position where it is not exposed to the fluid to be measured such as exhaust gas. As a result, in the flow passage, a heat transfer path from the heat sensitive part to the flange through the welded part is not formed, and the degree of heat sinking from the heat sensitive part to the flange or the like can be suppressed as compared with the conventional one. The effect of improving the responsiveness of the sensor itself and preventing the temperature measurement accuracy from decreasing can be obtained. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the metal tube itself is welded and fixed to the sheath of the flange, the welded portion is not exposed to the fluid to be measured as described above, and the airtight reliability with respect to the fluid to be measured. Can be improved.
[0009]
Further, in the present invention, the metal tube and the sheath portion are welded in the circumferential direction while press-fitting or caulking and fixing the metal tube housing the element to at least the sheath portion of the flange, so that the welding strength is excellent and the flange Excellent adhesion strength to metal tube. Therefore, the temperature sensor of the present invention is excellent in durability even when used in an environment with severe vibration such as an automobile, and the airtight reliability with respect to the fluid to be measured is further improved.
[0010]
Here, when the temperature sensor is used to detect the exhaust gas temperature of an automobile, it is used in a high temperature environment of about 200 to 1000 ° C., so that the inner surface as well as the outer surface of the metal tube is oxidized. The oxygen concentration in the space in which the element is accommodated is significantly reduced, and the characteristics of the element may change due to the reason that the surface of the element is reduced. This oxidation is particularly likely to occur on the outer surface and inner surface of the welded portion between the metal tube and the flange. When this welded portion is formed on the front end side of the flange facing the flow passage, the welded portion itself is in a high temperature environment. Oxidation is promoted because it is directly exposed. On the other hand, in the present invention, the welding of the metal tube and the flange is performed on the sheath portion positioned on the rear end side of the protruding portion, not on the protruding portion on the front end side facing the flow path in the flange, Occurrence of oxidation at the weld is suppressed, and a temperature sensor with excellent durability can be obtained.
[0011]
Further, in the temperature sensor of the present invention, the sheath part constituting the flange has a two-stage shape including a front end side step part located on the front end side and a rear end side step part having an outer diameter smaller than that of the front end side step part. None, the metal tube is welded to the rear end side step portion of the sheath portion .
[0012]
In order to form the welded portion between the metal tube and the sheath portion of the flange in a state having sufficient welding strength over the circumferential direction of the sheath portion, the sheath portion is set without setting the welding conditions to be high or changing the welding conditions. It is conceivable to perform welding with a thinner wall thickness. However, simply increasing the welding conditions leads to an increase in cost, and conversely, if the thickness of the entire sheath is reduced, the mechanical strength of the sheath itself may be reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the sheath portion of the flange is formed into a two-stage shape of the front end side step portion and the rear end side step portion having a smaller diameter than that, and the metal tube is welded to the rear end step portion of the sheath portion. Yes. That is, the shape which made the thickness of the part used for welding within a sheath part thin is employ | adopted. Thereby, welding with a sheath part and a metal tube can be performed favorably, and also the mechanical strength of a sheath part and a flange can be ensured, ensuring both welding strength favorable. In addition, forming the rear end side of the sheath portion with a smaller diameter than the front end side is easier and more desirable from the viewpoint of processing than forming the rear end side with a larger diameter than the front end side.
[0013]
In addition, although the welding means of a metal tube and a flange is not specifically limited, Laser welding, plasma welding, electron beam welding, argon welding etc. can be mentioned as specific welding (welding means).
[0014]
Further, in the temperature sensor of the present invention, a sheath member including a metal core wire in which an element is disposed on the front end side and a lead wire for connecting an external circuit is connected on the rear end side, and on the radially outer side of the sheath portion of the flange. A tubular joint that is joined in an airtight state and extends rearward in the axial direction. The distal end side of the sheath member is inserted into the interior of the metal tube, and the rear end side of the metal tube and the distal end of the lead wire The side is located inside the joint .
[0015]
In the temperature sensor of the present invention, the element housed in the metal tube and the lead wire for connecting the external circuit are connected via the sheath member that encloses the metal core wire. There is no need for a process such as filling an insulating powder between them, and electrical insulation between the two is ensured. Further, in the present invention, with the distal end side of the sheath member inserted through the inside of the metal tube, the rear end side of the metal tube is disposed inside the joint joined to the rear end side of the flange, and the lead wire The tip side is arranged inside the joint. Therefore, the element is housed in a closed space formed by using a metal tube, a flange, and a joint as a metal surrounding member, while ventilation between the inside of the closed space and the outside of the sensor itself is caused by the lead wire. It is allowed by a ventilation path formed from the inside (the gap in the lead wire), the inner space of the joint, and the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side of the sheath member and the inner peripheral surface of the metal tube.
[0016]
Therefore, in the present invention, even if the inner surface of the metal tube may be oxidized, the ventilation between the outside and the inside of the metal tube is ensured. The accompanying characteristic change of the element can be suppressed. The means for joining the joint and the flange is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include laser welding, plasma welding, electron beam welding, argon welding, and brazing joining.
[0017]
Further, in the temperature sensor of the present invention , the sheath portion has a two-stage shape including a front end side step portion located on the front end side and a rear end side step portion having an outer diameter smaller than that of the front end side step portion, and a metal tube Is welded to the rear end side step portion of the sheath portion, and the joint is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the front end side step portion of the sheath portion in the circumferential direction .
[0018]
As mentioned above, the sheath part of the flange is formed into a two-stage shape of the front end side step part and the rear end side step part having a smaller diameter than that, and the metal tube is welded to the rear end side step part of the sheath part. While the welding strength between the sheath and the metal tube can be sufficiently secured, the mechanical strength of the flange can be secured. Furthermore, in the temperature sensor of the present invention, a cylindrical joint is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the stepped side portion of the flange. Therefore, the welded portion between the rear end side step portion of the sheath portion of the flange and the metal tube is accommodated inside the joint. Accordingly, the joint serves to protect salt water and moisture from adhering to the welded portion between the metal tube and the flange, and the welded portion is prevented from being corroded by the influence of moisture and the like.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Embodiment)
A temperature sensor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially broken sectional view showing the structure of a temperature sensor 1 of the present invention. This temperature sensor 1 uses a thermistor element 2 as a temperature-sensitive element. By mounting the sensor 1 on an exhaust pipe of an automobile, the thermistor element 2 is disposed in an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas flows, and the exhaust gas is exhausted. It is used for gas temperature detection.
[0025]
The metal tube 3 extending in the axial direction has a cylindrical shape with the distal end side 31 closed by deep drawing of a steel plate, and the thermistor element 2 is accommodated inside the distal end side 31. The metal tube 3 is formed of a stainless alloy as will be described later. The cement tube 10 is filled inside the metal tube 3 and around the thermistor element 2, thereby preventing the thermistor element 2 from swinging due to vibration during use. The rear end side 32 of the metal tube 3 is open, and the rear end side 32 is inserted inside the flange 4 made of stainless steel.
[0026]
The flange 4 includes a sheath portion 42 that extends in the axial direction, and a projecting portion 41 that is located on the distal end side of the sheath portion 42 and projects outward in the radial direction. The projecting portion 41 is formed in an annular shape having a seat surface 45 having a tapered shape corresponding to the tapered portion of the attachment portion of the exhaust pipe (not shown) on the distal end side, and the seat surface 45 is in close contact with the taper portion of the attachment portion. Thus, the exhaust gas is prevented from leaking outside the exhaust pipe. The sheath portion 42 is formed in a ring shape, and has a two-stage shape including a front end side step portion 44 located on the front end side and a rear end side step portion 43 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the front end side step portion 44. ing.
[0027]
The metal tube 3 is inserted from the rear end side 32 of the metal tube 3 to the front end side of the protruding portion 41 of the flange 4 and is press-fitted inside the sheath portion 42. And the part which the outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the rear-end side step part 43 of the sheath part 42 overlap is laser-welded over the circumferential direction. By performing this laser welding, as shown in FIG. 1, a welded portion L <b> 1 straddling the rear end side stepped portion 43 of the sheath portion 42 and the metal tube 3 is formed, and the metal tube 3 is strong against the flange 4. Fixed to.
[0028]
In this way, by performing laser welding on the rear end side step portion 43 of the sheath portion 42 while press-fitting the metal tube 3 into the sheath portion 42 of the flange 4, the welding strength between the flange 4 and the metal tube 3 is excellent. The temperature sensor 1 having excellent adhesion strength between the flange 4 and the metal tube 3 can be obtained. Therefore, even if the temperature sensor 1 is subjected to strong vibration in an environment where vibration is intense such as an automobile, the metal tube 3 itself is difficult to shake, and breakage of the metal tube 3 can be suppressed. In addition, the reliability of the airtightness with respect to the exhaust gas can be improved. In addition, in ensuring the adhesiveness of the sheath part 42 of the flange 4 and the metal tube 3, it is not restricted to the method of press-fitting the metal tube 3 in the sheath part 42, but the sheath part 42 and the metal tube 3 are radially inward. It may be crimped toward the top, and the press-fitting and the crimping may be used in combination.
[0029]
A nut 5 having a hexagonal nut portion 51 and a screw portion 52 is rotatably fitted around the flange 4. In the temperature sensor 1, the seat surface 45 of the projecting portion 41 of the flange 4 is brought into contact with the attachment portion of the exhaust pipe and is fixed by the nut 5. In addition, a tubular joint 6 is joined in an airtight state on the radially outer side of the front end side step portion 44 of the sheath portion 42 in the flange 4. Specifically, the joint 6 is press-fitted into the distal end side step portion 44 of the sheath portion 42 such that the inner peripheral surface of the joint 6 overlaps the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side step portion 44 of the sheath portion 42, and the joint 6 and the distal end The side stepped portion 44 is laser welded in the circumferential direction. By performing this laser welding, as shown in FIG. 1, a welded portion L <b> 2 straddling the distal end side stepped portion 44 of the sheath portion 42 and the joint 6 is formed.
[0030]
A sheath member 8 that includes a pair of metal core wires 7 is disposed inside the metal tube 3, the flange 4, and the joint 6. The thermistor element 2 is connected via a Pt / Rh alloy wire 9 to a metal core wire 7 protruding from the distal end side of the sheath member 8 inside the metal tube 3. This alloy wire 9 is fired simultaneously with the thermistor element 2. The alloy wire 9 and the metal core wire 7 are resistance-welded to each other. Although not shown in detail, the sheath member 8 insulates between a metal outer tube made of SUS310S, a pair of conductive metal core wires 7 made of SUS310S, and the like, and between the outer tube and each metal core wire 7. And an insulating powder for holding the metal core wire 7.
[0031]
A lead wire 12 for connecting a pair of external circuits (e.g., an ECU of a vehicle) is connected to a metal core wire 7 protruding to the rear end side of the sheath member 8 inside the joint 6 via a crimping terminal 11. The pair of metal core wires 7 and the pair of crimp terminals 11 are insulated from each other by an insulating tube 15. The lead wire 12 is formed by coating a stainless alloy conductive wire with an insulating covering material, and is inserted into an auxiliary ring 13 made of heat-resistant rubber provided in the rear end side opening of the joint 6. And the auxiliary | assistant ring 13 is fixed mutually while maintaining both airtightness by carrying out the round crimping or the polygonal crimping from the top of the coupling 6. FIG. Thereby, the thermistor element 2 is accommodated in the closed space formed by using the metal tube 3, the flange 4 and the joint 6 as a metal surrounding member. The output of the thermistor element 2 is taken out from the metal core wire 7 of the sheath member 8 to the external circuit (not shown) through the lead wire 12, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is detected.
[0032]
Here, in the temperature sensor 1 of the present embodiment, when the atmosphere enters the inside of the joint 6 from the outside through the gap inside the lead wire 12, the atmosphere is connected to the joint 6, the metal tube 3, and the flange. Since the inside of 4 is formed in the closed space, the metal tube 3 enters. Therefore, in the temperature sensor 1, ventilation from the outside (inside the lead wire 12) to the inside of the metal tube 3 is ensured, and even when the metal tube 3 containing the thermistor element 2 is oxidized, the metal tube 3 is suppressed, and the characteristic change of the thermistor element 2 can be suppressed.
[0033]
Since the temperature sensor 1 is used in a high temperature environment as high as 1000 ° C., each component member needs to have sufficient heat resistance. Therefore, the metal tube 3, the flange 4 and the metal core wire 7 are formed of SUS310S which is a heat-resistant alloy containing Fe as a main component and containing C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni and Cr. The joint 6 is formed on SUS304.
[0034]
As described above, in the temperature sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the metal tube 3 and the flange 4 are integrally joined by laser welding, but the welded portion L1 formed by laser welding is the flange 4 It is formed in the sheath part 42 located in the rear end side instead of the protrusion part 41 of the front end side which faces in an exhaust pipe. Thereby, in the exhaust pipe, a heat transfer path from the heat sensitive part of the temperature sensor 1 (a part closer to the thermistor element 2 than the seating surface 45 of the flange 4) to the flange 4 through the welded part is not formed. The degree of heat drawing to the flange 4 or the like can be suppressed as compared with the conventional case. As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect of improving responsiveness and preventing a decrease in temperature measurement accuracy, and it is possible to suppress the temperature increase of the joint 6 and maintain the reliability of the auxiliary ring 13.
[0035]
In addition, since the welded portion L1 between the metal tube 3 and the flange 4 is not directly exposed to the exhaust pipe, oxidation that tends to occur on the inner surface of the welded portion can be effectively suppressed, and the thermistor element 2 changes its characteristics. On the other hand, it is possible to improve the airtight reliability against the exhaust gas.
[0043]
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and can be variously modified embodiments within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application. For example, in the temperature sensor 1 of the embodiment, the responsiveness of the temperature sensor can be further improved by making the thickness of the tip of the metal tube 3 thinner than other portions.
[0044]
In addition, a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter that is smaller than the outer diameter of the protruding portion 41 and an inner diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 3 is integrated with the distal end side of the protruding portion 41 of the flange 4. formed in, the cylindrical portion outer peripheral surface by crimping radially inward of, and a metal tube 3 the cylindrical portion may be caulking. Thus, it can be a temperature sensor that breakage of the metal tube 3 is excellent in more difficult to occur shockproof. Furthermore, the temperature sensor of the present invention can be applied not only to an exhaust temperature sensor but also to a temperature sensor attached to a flow passage through which a liquid such as water or oil flows as a fluid to be measured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially broken cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor in which a metal tube containing a thermistor element is press-fitted into a sheath portion of a flange and laser welding is performed in the sheath portion in the circumferential direction.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Temperature sensor, 2 ... Thermistor element, 3 ... Metal tube , 4 ... Flange, 41 ... Projection part, 42 ... Sheath part, 43 ... Rear end side step part , 44 ... tip side step part, 6 ... joint, 7 ... metal core wire, 8 ... sheath member, 12 ... lead wire, L1, L2, L3 ... welded part

Claims (1)

先端側が閉塞した軸線方向に延びる筒状の金属チューブと、前記金属チューブの内部に収納され、温度によって電気的特性が変化する素子と、前記金属チューブの外周面を取り囲むように配置されるフランジであって、軸線方向に延びる鞘部と、該鞘部の先端側に位置し、径方向外側に向かって突出する突出部を有するフランジと、先端側に前記素子が接続され、後端側に外部回路接続用のリード線が接続される金属芯線を内包したシース部材と、前記フランジの前記鞘部の径方向外側に気密状態に接合されると共に、軸線方向後方に向かって延びる筒状の継手とを備え、前記シース部材の先端側が前記金属チューブの内部に挿通されるとともに、該金属チューブの後端側及び前記リード線の先端側が前記継手の内部に配置される温度センサであって、
前記金属チューブは少なくとも前記鞘部に圧入または加締め固定されており、該金属チューブと該鞘部とが周方向にわたって溶接され
前記鞘部は、先端側に位置する先端側段部と該先端側段部よりも小さい外径を有する後端側段部とを備える二段形状をなし、前記金属チューブは、前記鞘部の前記後端側段部に溶接されるとともに、前記継手は、前記先端側段部の外周面に周方向にわたって接合されていることを特徴とする温度センサ。
A cylindrical metal tube extending axially front end side is closed, is housed inside the metal tube, the device electrical characteristics change with temperature, in a flange which is arranged so as to surround the outer circumferential surface of the metal tube A flange having an axially extending sheath, a flange positioned on the distal end side of the sheath and projecting radially outward, and the element is connected to the distal end side, and the outer end is connected to the rear end side. A sheath member including a metal core wire to which a lead wire for circuit connection is connected, and a tubular joint which is joined in an airtight state radially outward of the sheath portion of the flange and extends rearward in the axial direction comprising a temperature sensor front end side of the sheath member while being inserted into the interior of the metal tube, the distal end side of the rear end and the lead wire of the metal tube is disposed within the joint There,
The metal tube is press-fitted or crimped to at least the sheath portion, and the metal tube and the sheath portion are welded in the circumferential direction ,
The sheath part has a two-stage shape including a front end side step part located on the front end side and a rear end side step part having an outer diameter smaller than the front end side step part, and the metal tube is formed of the sheath part. While being welded to the said rear end side step part, the said joint is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the said front end side step part over the circumferential direction .
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