JP3809129B2 - Method and apparatus for shaft enlargement processing of metal shaft - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a method for forming an enlarged portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of a metal shaft or metal tube at an arbitrary position of the metal shaft or metal tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of providing an enlarged portion at an arbitrary position of a metal shaft, firstly, there is a method of cutting from a large-diameter shaft and cutting it out. Secondly, there was a method to fix the collar prepared in advance. However, in the first case described above, there are problems such as waste of material to be scraped off, long processing time required for cutting, and inadequate processing of long objects. In the second case, for example, when a collar or the like is screwed, additional processing such as screw processing is required, and in the case of welding, the influence of welding heat must be considered. there were.
[0003]
Therefore, the inventor of the present application holds the metal shaft member with a rotatable holding portion that is spaced apart by a predetermined distance as a method of forming an enlarged portion locally having a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft member in the middle portion of the metal shaft member. The inventors have invented a method for forming an enlarged portion by applying rotation, compression pressure, and bending to the metal shaft material, and have obtained a patent (Japanese Patent No. 1,993,956).
According to this technique, since the enlarged portion can be easily formed in the intermediate portion of the metal shaft member, there is no need for conventional cutting or welding.
[0004]
However, in the above patent, since the metal shaft material is compressed in a state of bending, the shaft material is used when the bending angle is increased or when the initial gripping interval (interval between both holding portions) is increased. It was buckled and could not be molded normally. For this reason, the width of the enlarged portion obtained in one molding process becomes relatively narrow, and in order to form the enlarged portion having a large width, several molding processes have to be repeated.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the metal shaft member is subjected to rotation, bending and compression pressure, and the shaft member is placed at a desired position of the metal shaft member. In the shaft enlargement processing method that forms an enlarged portion that is larger than the diameter of the shaft, in order to obtain an enlarged portion that is larger than the conventional one in a single forming process, the initial gripping interval is widened and the metal shaft material is not buckled. That is.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention holds a metal shaft material or a metal tube as a workpiece by a pair of rotation holding bodies spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and applies a compression pressure to the workpiece by bringing at least one rotation holding body closer to the other rotation holding body. And rotating the at least one rotation holding body around the axis by driving the rotation holding body, and further biasing at least one rotation holding body in a direction inclined with respect to the axis of the other rotation holding body. In the axial enlargement processing method to obtain the desired enlarged portion by accumulating the protrusions generated on the inner side of the work bend to the entire circumference of the work, and then bending the work back and straightening it. in the state where the bending is acting by abutting the guide member with an appropriate pressing force to bend the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, the buckling prevention and hypertrophy of the workpiece It is the most important feature to perform a form.
Further, in a shaft enlargement processing apparatus using a lathe, a chuck is used as a drive rotation holding body, and the driven rotation holding body is placed on a base frame configured to be slidable in the left and right (vertical feed) directions on the bed guide surface. A bearing is rotatably supported between the standing side frames, and the bearing portion is started so as to deviate from the state in which the axis of the driven rotation holding body is arranged on the same straight line as the axis of the driving rotating body. In addition, by rotating the feed screw forward and backward by attaching a nut member that is screwed to a feed screw provided in the bed so as to be able to rotate forward and backward and is movable in the left-right direction. Provided with a fixed base slidable in the left-right direction, provided with a processing unit in which the base frame and the fixed base are connected by a compression means, and further, a reciprocating base is arranged between the drive rotation holding body and the driven rotation holding body, This Is characterized by comprising the abutment can guide member hypertrophy outer periphery in the molding with a suitable pressing force to the base.
[0007]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the shaft enlargement processing method for obtaining a desired enlarged portion by applying bending, compression pressure and rotation to the workpiece, the outer surface of the bending is abutted with an appropriate pressing force by the guide member. This prevents the workpiece from buckling even when the initial gripping interval is wide, so that even if the initial gripping interval is wide, shaft enlargement processing can be performed without buckling the workpiece, and the enlarged portion can be formed. It has become possible. For this reason, a widened enlarged portion can be obtained by a single axial enlargement process.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the feed operation of the machining unit can be easily performed by providing the feed screw in the bed of the lathe, and in the left-right direction or the front-rear method by the guide member fixed to the carriage. The guide member can be moved, and the guide member can be moved to an appropriate position in accordance with the growth of the enlarged portion. Further, after the shaft enlargement processing, the turning operation with the tool post can be performed efficiently.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings. First, a shaft enlargement processing apparatus 1 for forming an enlarged portion by the shaft enlargement processing method of the present invention includes a processing unit 2 that is reciprocally mounted on a bed guide surface B of a lathe L as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The guide member 3 is fixed mainly to the carriage C. The lathe L may be a commonly used lathe, but in this embodiment, a feed screw 4 is provided in the bed B in order to perform the feed operation of the machining unit 2 more easily. The machining unit 2 is configured to reciprocate by forward / reverse rotation of the screw 4.
[0009]
First, the guide member 3 will be described. The guide member 3 is fixed to a carriage C provided on a lathe L so that a bracket member 5 is erected, and a roller 6 serving as the guide member 3 is supported on the bracket member 5 so as to be freely rotatable. It is. That is, the guide member 3 is configured to be movable left and right (vertical feed direction) and front and rear (lateral feed) as viewed from the operator who uses the lathe L like the carriage C. In this embodiment, the carriage C is used to be movable in the front-rear and left-right directions. However, after the shaft enlargement process is performed by providing the guide member 3 on the carriage C, the workpiece W and This is for facilitating the turning operation of the enlarged portion, and as described above, the guide member 3 can be moved back and forth, right and left or up and down and left and right so that it can support the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged portion of the workpiece W. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
[0010]
Next, the processing unit 2 will be described. The processing unit 2 includes a base frame 7 configured to be slidable in the left-right direction mainly on the bed guide surface B, and a driven rotation holding unit configured to be able to rotate the workpiece W while holding the workpiece W. A body 8, a fixed base 9 serving as a base end when the driven rotation holding body 8 is moved back and forth to apply a compression pressure to the workpiece W, and a compression means 10 provided between the driven rotation holding body 8 and the fixed base 9. And a biasing means 12 for biasing the driven rotation holding body 8 in a direction inclined from the axis of the drive rotation holding body 11.
The driven rotation holding body 8 is disposed between the side frames 13 and 13 fixed on the base frame 7 slidable left and right on the bed guide surface B of the lathe L at a predetermined interval. The base frame 7 can be set to the shape of the bed guide surface B, and can be changed depending on the shape of the bed guide surface B of the lathe L to be used. Any shape can be used as long as it can be constrained.
As shown in FIG. 6, bearing holes 13a and 13a are formed in the left end portions of the side frames 13 and 13, respectively, and rotating shafts 14a and 14a supported by the bearing holes 13a and 13a are provided. A holding cylinder 14 provided at the left end is supported by the pivot shafts 14a and 14a so as to be pivotable up and down. In this embodiment, the holding cylinder 14 is constituted by screwing a two-divided cylindrical member. A pressure-resistant cap 15 is screwed to the right end portion of the holding cylinder 14, and a support cylinder 18 is rotatable inside the holding cylinder 14 through a thrust bearing 16 and radial bearings 17, 17,. I support it. A holding sleeve 19 is inserted into the support cylinder 18 and is supported through a bearing 20 in the pressure cap 15 so as to be able to rotate forward and backward.
A sleeve 21 and a core 22 are inserted into the holding sleeve 19. In addition, it becomes possible to process the workpiece | work W of a different shaft diameter by changing the internal diameter of this sleeve 21. FIG.
[0011]
Next, FIG. 8 shows a biasing means 12 provided on the driven rotation holding body 8, and the driven rotation holding body 8 is used as a main shaft side chuck of the lathe L, that is, the axis of the drive rotation holding body 11. It rotates in the direction which inclines with respect to. This biasing means 12 has the following configuration. First, the angle addition shaft 23 is fixed to the side surface of the holding cylinder 14 that is separated from the rotation shafts 14a and 14a. Stay members 24 and 24 are fixed to the side frame 13 on the side to which the angle addition shaft is fixed. A support plate 25 having a bearing hole 25a is fixed between the stay members 24, 24, and a bearing hole 13b formed in the side frame 13 and rotation shafts 26a, 26a are provided in the bearing hole 25a. The hydraulic cylinder 27 is configured to be swingable by bearing the mounting plate 26 and screwing the hydraulic cylinder 27 onto the mounting plate 26. Further, a bearing member 27 is attached to the tip of the hydraulic cylinder 27 and supports the angle addition shaft 23. The biasing means 12 configured in this manner rotates up and down with the rotation shafts 14 a and 14 a of the driven rotation holding body 8 as the starting point by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 27.
[0012]
Next, the fixed base 9 will be described. The fixed base 9 includes a base frame 29 that is slidable on the bed guide surface B of the lathe L. A nut member 30 that can be screwed onto the feed screw 4 is fixed to the lower surface of the base frame 29, and the base frame 29 can be laterally fed by forward and reverse rotation of the feed screw 4. On the base frame 29, plates 31 and 31 having hole portions 31a are fixed, and are fixed between the hole portions 31a and 31a and the side frames 13 and 13 of the driven rotation holding body 8. The hydraulic cylinder 33 which becomes the compression means 10 is attached to the reinforcing plate 32 respectively. That is, the machining unit 2 is configured to be capable of lateral feed by forward and reverse rotation of the feed screw 4, and the rotation of the feed screw 4 is stopped and the hydraulic cylinder 33 which is the compression means 10 is extended, whereby the driven rotation holding body 8 is It is configured to be able to approach the drive rotation holding body 11 side and apply a compression pressure to the workpiece W between the rotation holding bodies 8 and 11.
Although the control mechanism and the like of the hydraulic cylinders 27 and 33 are not shown in the drawings, there is no problem as long as the hydraulic cylinders 27 and 33 are extended and contracted.
[0013]
Next, a procedure for performing the shaft enlargement processing according to the present invention using the above-described shaft enlargement processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the processing unit 2 is arranged by the biasing means 12 so that the shaft centers of the drive rotation holding body 11 and the driven rotation holding body 8 are aligned with each other, and the hydraulic cylinder 33 of the compression means 10 is further contracted. . Then, the work W is held by the drive rotation holding body 11. At this time, a measure of length which projects the workpiece W from the drive rotary holder 11 is the length obtained by adding the length and the initial grasp distance L ₀ of the sleeve 21, compression and bending the workpiece W between the initial gripping interval L ₀ A desired enlarged portion is formed by applying pressure and rotation.
Next, the feed screw 4 is rotated to move the machining unit 2 to the drive rotation holding body 11 side, and the workpiece W is brought into contact with the core 22 in the holding sleeve 19. Then, the carriage C is moved, and the guide member 3 is moved so as to come into contact with the workpiece W substantially in the middle of both the rotation holding bodies 8 and 11. FIG. 1 (a) shows this state.
Then, the hydraulic cylinder 27 of the biasing means 12 is extended in a state where the hydraulic cylinder 33 which is the compression means 10 is extended and the compression pressure is applied to the work W, and the work W is bent about 2 to 6 degrees. At this time, the compression pressure is set to a pressure that cancels the tensile force generated on the outside of the workpiece W on the bend. Furthermore, the drive rotation holding body 11 is rotated to rotate the workpiece W. By the rotation of the workpiece W, minute protrusions generated on the inner side of the bending are accumulated on the entire circumference of the workpiece W to form a desired enlarged portion, and this rotation acts at any stage before or after the compression pressure or bending. (See FIG. 1 (b)).
[0014]
If the rotation, bending and compression pressure are continuously applied while maintaining the above-described state, the state shown in FIGS. 1 (c) to (d) is obtained. At this time, the guide member 3 is moved little by little as the enlarged portion grows to prevent the workpiece W from buckling.
Thereafter, when a desired enlarged portion is obtained, the hydraulic cylinder 27 of the biasing means 12 is contracted, and the drive rotation holding body 11 and the driven rotation holding body 8 are arranged so as to be positioned on the same straight line. The work W is straightened by rotating it several times with the pressure applied. At this stage, the guide member 3 may be separated from the workpiece W.
Then, when the feed screw 4 is rotated and the machining unit 2 is moved to the right side, the workpiece W is held by the drive rotation holding body 11 and can be turned by the blade attached to the carriage C.
[0015]
By the above-described processing procedure, an enlarged portion having a diameter D _n and a width L _n can be formed at an intermediate portion of the workpiece W having a shaft diameter D ₀ . For conventionally had done the axial enlargement processing in a relatively narrow initial gripping interval so as not yield work W seat even by the action of bending and compression pressure and rotation, narrow enlarged portion width L _n after molding, desired In order to form the enlarged portion of the workpiece, the shaft enlargement process had to be repeated several times. However, the guide member 3 can be brought into contact with the workpiece W to prevent buckling of the workpiece W, can be widened gripping distance L _0, it can now be molded in one process a wide enlarged section width as a result.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the shaft enlargement processing method of the present invention uses a guide member to abut the bending outer surface of the workpiece, which has been processed at a relatively narrow initial gripping interval in order to prevent buckling of the workpiece. Thus, buckling can be prevented, and a wider enlarged portion can be obtained by a single axial enlargement process.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating a machining procedure of a shaft enlargement machining method. FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating a loading state of a workpiece W. FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating a state in which rotation, bending, and compression pressure are applied to the workpiece W. Fig. (C) is an explanatory diagram showing a state (compression molding process) in which the compression pressure is further applied from the state of Fig. (B). Fig. (D) is a diagram in which the compression pressure is further applied from the state of (c). The explanatory view (e) which shows the state (compression molding process) which has been bent (b), and the explanatory view (f) which shows the state (straightening process) which straightens the workpiece W (f) is the explanatory diagram which shows the molded workpiece W 2 is an overall front view showing a shaft enlargement processing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part showing a guide member. FIG. 5 is a right side view of the main part. Front view [Fig. 7] Plan view showing the machining unit [Fig. 8] Rear view showing the biasing means of the machining unit Description of]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axis expansion processing device 2 Processing unit 3 Guide member 4 Feed screw 8 Driven rotation holding body 9 Fixing base 10 Compression means 11 Drive rotation holding body 12 Biasing means L Lathe B Bed guide surface C Reciprocating base W Workpiece

Claims (2)

Hold a metal shaft or metal tube, which is a workpiece, with a pair of rotation holding bodies spaced apart by a fixed distance, and bring at least one rotation holding body close to the other rotation holding body to apply a compression pressure to the workpiece, Rotating and driving the rotation holding body causes the workpiece to rotate around the axis, and further deflects at least one of the rotation holding bodies in a direction inclined with respect to the axis of the other rotation holding body. In the axial enlargement processing method, where the protrusions that occur inside the workpiece bend are accumulated over the entire circumference of the workpiece, and then the workpiece is bent back and straightened to obtain the desired enlarged portion, bending acts on the workpiece. carried out by abutting the guide member with an appropriate pressing force to bend the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, the shaping of the buckling prevention and hypertrophy of the workpiece is to have a state Axis enlargement processing method characterized by and. In a shaft enlargement processing device using a lathe, a chuck is used as a drive rotation holder, and a driven rotation holder is erected on a base frame configured to be slidable in the left and right (vertical feed) directions on the bed guide surface. It is rotatably supported between the formed side frames, and is rotated with the bearing portion as a starting point so that the shaft center of the driven rotation holding body is deviated from the state of being arranged on the same straight line as the shaft center of the drive rotating body. It is provided with a biasing means for moving, and further, a left and right direction is achieved by forward and reverse rotation of the feed screw by screwing onto a feed screw provided in the bed so as to be able to move forward and backward and fixing to the bottom surface of the fixed base. A processing unit formed by connecting the base frame and the fixing base by compression means, and a reciprocating base is disposed between the driving rotary holding body and the driven rotary holding body. to stand Axis enlargement processing apparatus characterized by comprising an abutment capable guide member with a person pressing force hypertrophy outer periphery in the molding.

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