JP3554855B2 - Metal shaft expanding device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus capable of forming an intermediate portion of a metal shaft with a large diameter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when manufacturing a metal shaft having a partially enlarged portion formed in an intermediate portion, a bar having a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft is used as a material, and the material is cut into a shape having a desired enlarged portion. Have been adopted. However, the method of shaving a large-diameter bar is troublesome in cutting work and wasteful in terms of material, which is uneconomical.
[0003]
On the other hand, mechanical parts such as gears, cams, sprocket wheels and the like having a larger diameter than the power transmission shaft are often provided on the power transmission shaft of the mechanical device. Because of the uneconomical cost, these separately manufactured large-diameter parts are fixed to the shaft by bolts, welding, or the like. If the intermediate portion of the metal shaft can be expanded to a desired large diameter, the large-diameter part can be integrally formed by performing an appropriate molding process on the expanded portion of the shaft. It has heretofore been impossible to inflate the intermediate portion to a large diameter.
[0004]
The inventor of the present invention has invented a method of rotating, bending, and compressing a metal shaft as a method for easily expanding the diameter of an intermediate portion of the metal shaft, and has already obtained a patent (Japanese). Patent No. 1993956). According to this new technology, it is possible to easily expand the diameter of a desired portion in the middle of the steel material without cutting the steel material. Can be molded.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as a device for carrying out the diameter expansion method of the above-mentioned patented invention, a test device has already been developed, but a device practical enough to withstand use in normal production has not been developed. At present, excellent technologies have hardly been put to practical use. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly practical diameter expanding device capable of easily manufacturing a shaft member partially expanded by using the above-described novel diameter expanding technology.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration. That is, the metal shaft diameter expanding apparatus according to the present invention includes a holding portion that fits and holds a metal shaft material as a work, and the metal shaft material is fitted and held in the holding portion by a motor. A drive rotating unit that is driven to rotate, and a holding unit provided to face a holding unit of the drive rotating unit, the holding unit being relatively movable in a direction approaching / separating from the driving rotating unit , and the holding unit A driven rotating portion rotatably provided about a rotation axis so as to be inclined with respect to an axis of a holding portion of the driving rotating portion, and a direction in which the driven rotating portion approaches and separates from the driving rotating portion. Feed means for relatively moving the driven rotating section, biasing means for forcibly rotating the holding section of the driven rotating section about the rotation axis, and pressurizing means for pressing the driven rotating section toward the driving rotating section. comprising a rotating shaft serving as a rotation center of the holding portion of the driven rotary part It is characterized in that is provided at a position deviated to the side opposite to the direction bending from the center line of the holding metal shaft member by the holding portion of the driving rotary part.
[0007]
When expanding the diameter of the metal shaft using this diameter expanding device, the drive rotating unit and the driven rotating unit are arranged so that the axes of the holding units are located on the same line, and the work is held by both holding units. Is held. Then, while driving the drive rotating unit to rotate the shaft, the pressing unit presses the metal shaft in the axial direction, and the biasing unit is driven to rotate so that the metal shaft is bent at a predetermined angle. The part side is inclined with respect to the axis of the drive rotating part. The bending of the metal shaft by the biasing means is set such that the center of rotation of the driven rotating portion, which is the center of the bending action, is located at a position deviated from the center line of the original metal shaft on the side opposite to the bending direction. It is desirable to do it. By doing so, the metal shaft rotates while being bent, but since the center of the bending action is located off the center line of the metal shaft on the side opposite to the bending direction , the bent portion always has the compression direction. A force is applied, and no fatigue fracture occurs due to alternating compression and tension. Due to this rotation, bending, and pressurization, the portion between the tip of the holding part of the driving rotating part and the tip of the holding part of the driven rotating part gradually expands, and the driven rotating part moves toward the driving rotating part by that much. During this time, the pressurizing operation is continued so that a compressive stress always acts on the metal shaft.
[0008]
When the desired diameter-expanded state is obtained, the biasing means is returned to the original state, that is, the state where the axes of the drive rotating unit side and the driven rotating unit side coincide with each other while continuing rotation and pressurization, and then rotation and application are continued. Stop the pressure and remove the shaft.
[0009]
In addition, a fluid cylinder, a hydraulic jack, or the like can be used as the pressurizing unit. In addition, as the biasing device, for example, a holding portion of the driven rotating portion is pivotally supported on an axis thereof so as to be rotatable, and a force in a direction perpendicular to the axis is applied by a screw-type pressing device or the like. It is good if it is made to incline.
[0010]
After expanding the diameter of the shaft, it is necessary to remove the shaft from both holding portions. In this case, since a large force is applied to the shaft material during processing, it is often difficult to remove the shaft material. For this removal, it is convenient to use a removal tool having an engaging portion that engages with a portion whose diameter has been increased by processing, and to pull out the holding portion using the enlarged portion.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically while exemplifying embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings. 1 and 2, in the diameter expanding device 1, a pair of side plates 3 and 3 are erected on a side portion of a base 2 installed on the floor, and a rectangular frame 4 in a plan view is provided on an upper portion thereof. . A drive rotation unit 5 is provided at a front end (left end in FIG. 1) of the frame 4.
[0012]
In the drive rotating unit 5, a cylindrical holding cylinder 10 is rotatably supported on a supporting cylinder 6 fixed to a left-right member 4a of a frame 4, and a driven gear 12 is attached to an end of the holding cylinder. ing. A chuck sleeve 15 is fitted inside the holding cylinder 10 as a chuck member for holding a work. The core of the chuck sleeve 15 is provided with a holding hole 16 into which a work is fitted, and an end of the holding hole is provided with a female screw portion 16a. An extrusion screw 17 is screwed into the female screw portion 16a through a stupid hole 10a provided at an end of the holding cylinder 10.
[0013]
A motor 20 as a drive source is provided below the support cylinder 6, and a drive gear 21 attached to an output shaft of the motor 20 meshes with the driven gear 12.
[0014]
A driven rotation unit 30 is provided to face the drive rotation unit 5. Driven rotary unit 30 is provided with a slide 35 that slides back and forth along the rail portion 31 provided on the upper edge of the frame 4, the end portion of the sliding body ring-shaped pivoting frame 37 rotation axis Are pivotally connected by a shaft 36. A driven-side support cylinder 38 is fixed to the rotating frame 37, and a holding cylinder 40 is rotatably supported inside the support cylinder 38. A chuck sleeve 45 for holding a work similar to the chuck sleeve 15 of the driving rotary unit is fitted inside the holding cylinder 40. A holding hole 46 is provided in the core of the chuck sleeve 45, and a female screw portion 46a is provided at an end of the holding hole. An extrusion screw 47 is screwed to the female screw portion 46a through a stupid hole 40a provided at an end of the holding cylinder 40.
[0015]
A feeder 50 is provided at the rear of the slide 35. The feeder 50 serves as feeder for moving the driven rotary unit 30 back and forth in a direction approaching and moving away from the drive rotary unit 5. A bracket 52 is provided at the rear end of the slide 35, and the bracket is attached to the bracket. A bearing 53 is provided. Further, a through hole 54 is provided in the horizontal frame 4b at the rear end of the frame 4, and a cylinder 55 constituting a rough feeding means is fixed to the front side. A slit 56 in the front-rear direction is provided in the cylindrical body 55, and a moving block 57 having a screw hole 57a in the front-rear direction is provided inside the cylinder 55, with a protrusion 57b provided at the upper end thereof projecting from the slit 56. Fits movably back and forth.
[0016]
The feed rod 60 is rotatably supported around the axis by the bearing 53 of the bracket 52 and the horizontal frame 4b. A male screw 60a is provided on the outer periphery of the rod 60, and the moving block 57 is screwed into the male screw 60a. A ring 61 for retaining is attached to the front end of the feed rod 60, and a handle 62 is attached to the rear end.
[0017]
A pressurizing device 70 is provided below the driven rotation unit 30. The pressurizing device 70 constitutes pressurizing means for pressing the driven rotary unit 30 toward the drive rotary unit 5, and a hydraulic jack 71 as a fluid jack is installed on the base 2. A cam 75 rotatably supported up and down by a shaft 73 is provided at an upper front portion of the hydraulic jack. At the front of the cam 75, an engaging portion 75a is formed which engages with the rear of the rotating frame 37 of the driven rotating portion. A receiving portion 75b is provided on the rear side of the cam 75 so as to come into contact with the piston rod 71a of the hydraulic jack 71 and receive the pushing force of the jack.
[0018]
When the hydraulic jack 71 is operated, the piston rod 71a extends and pushes up the cam 75. As can be seen from the figure, the pressing direction of the hydraulic jack 71 is not the direction of the center axis of the drive rotating unit 5 but the direction intersecting it. Then, the cam 75 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 1 around the shaft 73, and advances the driven rotation unit 30 toward the drive rotation unit 5 through the engagement between the engagement unit and the rotating frame 37. In addition, as the hydraulic jack 71, a manual jack used for changing tires of a normal passenger car or the like can be used, but instead of the hydraulic jack, a jack using another fluid pressure may be used. A screw jack can also be used. Note that a power jack operated by electric power may be employed instead of the manual jack.
[0019]
The driven rotation unit 30 is provided with a biasing device 80 as biasing means for vertically rotating the driven rotation unit. The biasing device 80 includes a nut member 82 fixed to the support cylinder 38 of the driven rotating portion, and a screw rod 85 screwed to the nut member 82. The lower end of the screw rod 85 is in contact with the slide 35, and a handle 86 is attached to the upper end. When the handle is turned, the screw rod 85 rotates. However, since the lower end of the screw rod 85 is in contact with the upper surface of the sliding body 35, the screw rod itself does not move up and down, and the nut screwed into the screw rod 85 does not move. The member moves up and down together with the support cylinder 38. As a result, the driven rotation unit 30 rotates up and down about the shaft 36.
[0020]
When using the diameter expanding device 1, the ends of a metal bar (usually a steel material) W serving as a work are inserted into and held by the chuck sleeve 15 of the drive rotating unit 5 and the chuck sleeve 45 of the driven rotating unit. In this case, the screwing amount of the extrusion screw 17 of the drive rotating unit 5 is adjusted in advance so that an appropriate amount of extrusion white d is obtained, and the screw is inserted until the end of the metal rod hits the end of the extrusion screw 17. . In addition, the pushing screw 47 of the driven rotation unit 30 is adjusted to make contact with the rear end of the metal rod W.
[0021]
Thereafter, the interval between the driving rotary unit and the driven rotary unit in the feeding device 50 is set to a predetermined interval D. This interval D is a distance at which a desired diameter increase can be obtained, and is determined by performing a test in advance. This distance adjustment is performed by operating the handle 62 constituting the feeding means to move the moving block 57 forward (coarse feed) until the protrusion 57b abuts on the rear end of the slit 56, and then further turns the handle 62 to move the rod This is done by gradually moving 60 forward. Since the distal end of the rod 60 is connected to the sliding body 35 of the driven rotating unit, the driven rotating unit 30 moves forward along the frame 4. In this case, the chuck sleeve 15, 45 is the end portion of the metal bar is only loosely holding the metal rod in the gap fitting because the state is in contact with the extrusion screws 17, the metal bar itself is not moved.
[0022]
Next, the metal rod is pressurized in the axial direction by the pressurizing device 70, and the driven rotating unit 30 is inclined by the biasing device 80 as shown in FIG. This pressurization is performed by operating the hydraulic jack 71 and rotating the cam 75 in the arrow X direction. When the motor 20 is started in a state where the pressurizing device 70 and the biasing device 80 are operated, the metal rod W held by the chuck sleeve is rotated and compressed in a bent state. The rotation speed may be about several times to several tens of times per minute, and the bending angle α may be 3 to 7 degrees or more. The bending center P is located outside the center line CL of the original metal bar. The required pressing force varies depending on the thickness of the metal rod and the like, but it has been confirmed that the diameter can be expanded with a pressing force that generates a stress of 20 to 30% of the uniaxial compressive yield stress of the metal rod (Niihama Kogyo) Vol. 34 of the National College of Technology, “Study on Enlargement Method of Diameter of Round Bar (1st Report)” Nagata et al.).
[0023]
The rotation, bending, and pressurization compress the space between the chuck sleeves 15 and 45, that is, the grip space, and expand the diameter. As the diameter is increased, the gripping interval is reduced, and both ends of the enlarged portion come into contact with the end surface of the chuck sleeve. After the desired diameter has been increased, the biasing device 80 is returned to the original state while continuing rotation and pressurization, and the metal bar is straightened. As a result, a linear metal rod having an enlarged diameter at the intermediate portion is obtained. Then, rotation and pressurization are stopped, and the metal rod is removed from the chuck sleeve.
[0024]
At first, the metal rod was loosely fitted to the chuck sleeves 15 and 45 on both sides (when the diameter is too loose, the diameter is expanded to that part, so that a proper clearance fit state is obtained). It often fits tightly into the chuck sleeve and cannot easily be removed. In this case, the pushing screw 17 of the driving rotary unit is screwed in to press the end of the metal rod. Then, the metal rod is extruded by the extrusion white d, and a gap is formed between the end of the enlarged diameter portion and the end surface of the chuck sleeve by d. Therefore, the engaging portion 91 of the hook-shaped extraction tool 90 as illustrated in FIG. 12 may be fitted into the gap to engage with the enlarged diameter portion G, and pulled out to the right in FIG. At the base of the extractor 90, a semicircular concave portion 92 that is fitted to the cylindrical support cylinder 6 is formed, and an engagement portion 93 that engages with the back surface of the ring-shaped rotating frame 37 is provided. Therefore, if the engaging portion is engaged with the rotating frame of the driven rotating portion 30 and the feeding device 50 is operated in the reverse direction, the metal bar can be easily pulled out.
[0025]
Next, FIGS. 4 to 6 show an embodiment different from the above. In the above embodiment, the pressurizing device 70 is constituted by the hydraulic jack 71 and the cam 75. A double-acting hydraulic cylinder 101 is provided. That is, the sliding body 35 of the driven rotating unit 30 is slidably mounted on the second sliding body 102, and the second sliding body slides on the frame 4. The rod 60 of the feeder 50 is connected to the second sliding body 102, and moves the driven rotating unit 30 back and forth together with the second sliding body. The hydraulic cylinder 101 is mounted between the rear frame 103 of the second sliding body 102 and the sliding body 35 and presses the sliding body 35 forward. Other parts are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same symbols.
[0026]
Since the pressurizing device 100 pressurizes the driven rotating unit 30 with the hydraulic cylinder 101, the structure is simple and the force transmission efficiency is high. Further, if a double-acting cylinder is used as the hydraulic cylinder, the metal rod after diameter expansion can be pulled out using the hydraulic cylinder, which is convenient. FIGS. 13 and 14 show a method of extracting the metal rod W after diameter expansion. The metal rod W is slightly pushed out from the chuck sleeve 15 by screwing in the extrusion screw 17, and the engaging portion 91 of the extraction tool 90 illustrated in FIG. Is engaged with the enlarged diameter portion G of the metal rod. The engaging portion 93 on the opposite side of the extractor 90 is engaged with the back surface of the rotating frame 38 of the driven rotating portion. In this state, when the feed device 50 is operated in the reverse direction to retract the driven rotary unit 30, the metal rod is pulled out from the chuck sleeve 15 of the drive rotary unit because the driven rotary unit 30 is pulled back by the extraction tool engaged with the enlarged diameter portion G. . On the other hand, the metal rod can be easily pulled out from the chuck sleeve 45 of the driven rotating unit 30 by hand.
[0027]
8 to 11 show still another embodiment. In this embodiment, the diameter expanding device 110 is incorporated in a known lathe. That is, reference numeral 111 denotes a known NC lathe, and the tailing table 105 incorporates a diameter expanding unit 120 constituting a diameter expanding device. In the drawing, reference numeral 112 denotes a chuck which also serves as a driving rotary unit of the diameter expanding device, and reference numeral 113 denotes a tool holder.
[0028]
The diameter-enlarging unit 120 has a turntable 127 mounted on a base 125 having a dovetail groove 123, and the tailstock 130 and the diameter-expanding unit 120 are installed in parallel on the turntable 127. Then, by turning the rotary table 127 by 180 degrees, the diameter expanding unit 120 or the tailstock 130 is opposed to the chuck 112.
[0029]
In the diameter increasing unit 120, a pair of left and right second sliding bodies 137 are slidably provided on a U-shaped frame 135 facing upward when viewed from the front, and a block 138 having a screw hole is fixed to the second sliding body. I have. A screw rod 139 constituting the feeder 150 is screwed into a screw hole of the block 138, and a driven gear 140 is attached to one end of the screw rod. A feed motor 143 is provided inside the frame 135, and a drive gear 145 attached to the shaft of the feed motor meshes with the driven gear 140. When the motor 143 is rotated forward and backward, the block 138 moves back and forth along the screw rod 139 integrally with the second sliding body 137. As the feeder, a manual feeder similar to the other embodiments described above may be provided instead of providing the automatic feeder 150 using such a motor.
[0030]
On the second sliding body 137, a driven rotating unit 30 similar to that in the other embodiments is provided. That is, the sliding body 35 of the driven rotating unit is slidably mounted on the second sliding body 137, and the rotating frame 38 is mounted on the second sliding body 137 by the shaft 36. The configuration of other parts of the driven rotation unit is also the same as that of the above embodiment.
[0031]
The biasing device 80 is also the same as in the above-described embodiment, and includes a nut member 82 fixed to the support cylinder 38 of the driven rotating portion, and a screw rod 85 screwed to the nut member 82. The lower end of the screw rod 85 is in contact with the slide 35, and a handle 86 is attached to the upper end. When the handle is turned, the screw rod 85 rotates. However, since the lower end of the screw rod 85 is in contact with the upper surface of the sliding body 35, the screw rod itself does not move up and down, and the nut screwed into the screw rod 85 does not move. The member moves up and down together with the support cylinder 38. As a result, the driven rotation unit 30 rotates up and down around the shaft 36.
[0032]
As the pressurizing device, a hydraulic cylinder type pressurizing device 100 similar to that in the second embodiment is installed. 101 is a hydraulic cylinder, the back side of which contacts the frame of the second slide 137, and the piston rod presses the slide 35.
[0033]
When expanding the diameter of the metal bar using the diameter expanding unit 120, one end side of the metal bar is gripped by a chuck provided in a head of a lathe, and the other is gripped by a chuck sleeve 45 of a driven rotating unit 35. Hold. The movement of the driven rotation unit 35 is performed by rotating the feed motor 143 of the feed device 150. In this state, the diameter is increased by applying rotation, bending, and pressure as in the above-described embodiment.
[0034]
The diameter expanding device 100 is built in a known lathe, and the drive rotating unit is economical because the rotary device of the head of the lathe can be used as it is. The diameter expansion unit 120 may be provided with a portion other than the drive rotation unit, so that the unit can be made compact. In the illustrated example, the diameter expansion unit is connected to the tailstock always provided on the lathe, and by turning the turntable back and forth, it can be used as a tailstock or as a diameter expansion unit. Although it is very convenient because of its existence, the expanding unit itself can be provided as an accessory of the lathe without being connected to the tailstock in this way.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, a chuck sleeve for holding a metal bar as a workpiece has a holding hole of an equal diameter, but various shapes and dimensions are used as the chuck sleeve. be able to. FIG. 15 shows an example of a driven rotary unit (the same applies to the drive rotary unit) that facilitates replacement of the chuck sleeve. When the chuck sleeve shown in FIG. 16 is used, an enlarged portion G as shown in FIG. 17 is obtained. When such a chuck sleeve is used, stepped enlarged portions G ₁ , G ₂ , G ₃ as shown in FIG. 19 are obtained. Even if the outer diameter of the chuck sleeve is constant, if various chuck sleeves with different inner diameters are prepared, even if the diameter of the metal rod is different, it is possible to easily expand the diameter just by replacing the chuck sleeve, It will be useful. A known chuck can be used instead of the chuck sleeve.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the diameter expanding device according to the present invention is structurally simple and has high practicality that can expand the diameter of the intermediate portion of the metal rod with a simple operation. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a diameter expanding device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part showing the operation.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an embodiment different from the above.
FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part showing the operation.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of still another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the diameter expanding unit.
FIG. 10 is a side view of the diameter expanding unit.
FIG. 11 is a front view thereof.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the extraction tool.
FIG. 13 is a side view illustrating a method of using the extraction tool.
FIG. 14 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a chuck sleeve holding portion in an embodiment different from the above.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a chuck sleeve.
FIG. 17 is an external view of a metal shaft after diameter expansion molding.
FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a chuck sleeve different from the above.
FIG. 19 is an external view of a molded product formed by the chuck sleeve.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diameter expansion device 2 Base 4 Frame 5 Driving rotation part 6, 38 Supporting cylinder body 10, 40 Holding cylinder 15, 45 Chuck sleeve 20 Motor 30 Driving rotation part 35 Sliding body 37 Rotating frame 50 Feeding device 57 Moving block 60 Rod 70 , 100 Pressing device 71 Hydraulic jack 75 Cam 80 Deflection device 90 Extraction tool W Metal rod G Large diameter portion

Claims (5)

A drive rotating unit that is rotatably driven by a motor in a state in which the metal shaft is fitted and held in the holding unit, and a holding unit that holds the drive rotating unit; A holding portion provided to face the portion, the holding portion being relatively movable in a direction approaching / separating from the driving rotating portion , and the holding portion being inclined with respect to an axis of the holding portion of the driving rotating portion. And a feed unit for relatively moving the driven rotary unit in a direction approaching / separating from the driving rotary unit, and a holding unit for the driven rotary unit. and biasing means for forcibly rotated about the pivot axis, and a pressing means for pressing the driven rotary unit toward the drive rotation unit, and the rotation center of the holding portion of the driven rotary part The rotating shaft is made of a metal held by a holding portion of the drive rotating portion. Diameter device for a metallic shaft member, characterized in that the direction bending from the center line of the shaft member is provided at a position deviated to the opposite side. The rotating shaft that rotatably supports the driven rotating unit is a driven rotating unit.
2. The metal shaft expanding device according to claim 1, wherein the device is provided at a position close to the drive rotating portion and at a position deviated from a center axis of the drive rotating portion . The pressure means is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
3. The metal shaft expanding device according to 2. The pressurizing means pressurizes in a direction intersecting with the center axis of the drive rotating unit;
The metal shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: a hydraulic jack to be driven; and a cam for transmitting a pressing force of the hydraulic jack as a pressing force in a direction of a center axis of the driving rotary shaft to a driven rotating unit . Diameter expansion device. The rotary head of a known lathe is used as a drive rotary unit, and a diameter expansion unit provided with a driven rotary unit, a pressurizing device, a biasing device, and a feed device is attached thereto. Diameter expansion device for metal shafts.

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